CN105284355A - Facility leak-stopping and evaporation-limiting cultivation method for non-arable land - Google Patents
Facility leak-stopping and evaporation-limiting cultivation method for non-arable land Download PDFInfo
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- CN105284355A CN105284355A CN201510702496.1A CN201510702496A CN105284355A CN 105284355 A CN105284355 A CN 105284355A CN 201510702496 A CN201510702496 A CN 201510702496A CN 105284355 A CN105284355 A CN 105284355A
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- cultivation
- ditch
- arable land
- irrigation
- leak stopping
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a facility leak-stopping and evaporation-limiting cultivation method for a non-arable land and belongs to the technical field of facility horticulture. The method comprises the steps of changing cultivation troughs, which are constructed aboveground, into cultivation ditches, which are excavated underground, extending a soilless culture matrix or organic soil into all substrates which are suitable for the growth of cultivated crops, meanwhile, fully covering the ground and the cultivation ditches with mulching films, adopting an under-film ditch-irrigation irrigation way, and normalizing specifications for irrigation ditches. According to the method, soil evaporation is minimized, and both leak stopping and evaporation limiting are achieved, so that the water saving potential is higher; and the construction cost is low, and the applicable range is broad.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to facilities horticulture technical field, particularly one is used for non-arable land facility leak stopping limit steaming cultivation method.
Technical background
Whole world arable area reduces gradually, and water resource is shortage extremely, and the size of population but constantly rises, and grain and ecological safety are subject to grave danger.According to statistics, on the earth, the area of Arid&semi-arid area accounts for more than 1/3 of land surface, the area of China's Arid&semi-arid area accounts for (52.5%) over half of national land area, the whole nation per capita the not enough world of water resource per capita 1/4, belong to one of 13 poor-water states.Therefore Appropriate application accounts for the non-cultivated land resources such as Desert of Gobi, area, semidesert, beach, saline land of world's area 1/3, development of water resources efficiency utilization implantation methods, to the effective arable area of increase, saving water resource, guarantees that grain and gardening product production safety all have very important strategic importance.
The ground cultivating groove of standard specification is adopted in " organic ecological soilless culture technology ", trough rim frame height 15-20cm, trench bottom spreads the thick sealed polyethylene plastic of one deck 0.1mm, infects to prevent the sick worm of soil, its upper berth cultivation matrix, reaches the effect of water saving, joint fertilizer.Utilize in " method for cultivating vegetables in organic soil " agricultural product castoff such as stalk, fertilizer that becomes thoroughly decomposed to be hybridly prepared into histosol with soil, adopt the direct ditching in ground, the organic soil that in ditch, paving is prepared, for cultivating various horticultural crop.But its bottom of trench film laying main purpose prevents soil-borne disease insect pest in above-mentioned patented technology, and have that substrate culture groove construction cost is high, substrate culture administrative skill requires strictly, not control moisture evaporation and the problem such as to scatter and disappear.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to problems of the prior art, provide a kind of and steam cultivation method for non-arable land facility leak stopping limit.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme taked of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of non-arable land facility leak stopping limit that is used for steams cultivation method, and its concrete steps are:
(1) dig cultivation ditch: in greenhouse by solar heat according to cultivating bed to digging cultivation ditch, cultivation ditch length direction has the gradient of 1:150-1:250;
(2) cultivate ditch plastic film mulch: bottom cultivation ditch and both sides laying depth be the plastic film of 0.1mm, and under distance mouth of a river 0.5-1.5m place cultivation ditch bottom water seepage hole beaten by plastic film;
(3) cultivation matrix is loaded: bottom cultivation ditch, plastic film first spreads the thick draining layer of 3-5cm, then on draining layer, fill the local soilless culture substrate be easy to get, artificial preparation be rich in organic soil or with raise crop without in the general vegetable garden soil of identical pathogenic bacteria;
(4) irrigation ditch is made: adopt two ridge field planting in cultivation ditch, between strain, line-spacing is 45-55cm, is irrigation ditch between duplicate rows;
(5) ground paving mulch film: on the ground between cultivation ditch and two cultivating beds, all laying depth is the mulch film of 0.008mm, restriction soil water evaporation.
The degree of depth of described cultivation ditch is 50cm, and width is 80cm, and the spacing of two cultivation ditches is 60cm.
The number of described water seepage hole is 3-5, and aperture is 0.5cm-1.5cm.
The filler of described draining layer is one or more in chad, perlite and coarse sand.
The general porosity of described cultivation matrix is more than 60%.
The degree of depth of described irrigation ditch is 8-11cm, and suitable mu single irrigation quantity is 10-15m
3.
Advantage of the present invention is: 1) utilize idle non-arable land, extend land resources.2) cost is low: compared with soilless culture, and the early investment cost of " leak stopping limit is steamed " method is low, and effective.3) economize on water: in the concrete process of the test completed, compared with control treatment, the average water-saving rate that leak stopping limit steams process can reach 51%, and output does not reduce.4) technology is simple: " leak stopping limit is steamed " technology continues to use peasant's experience administrative skill, convenient operation and enforcement.5) mechanization and standardization is convenient to: according to culturing vegetable kind, standardization is carried out to cultivation ditch and irrigation ditch specification; follow-uply agricultural equipment can be developed; realize the mechanized operation of cultivation ditch and irrigation ditch, reduce labour intensity further, carry out large-scale production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that a kind of non-arable land facility leak stopping limit that is used for steams cultivation method schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below with 2013-2014, in Cao's housework township, Langfang City Yongqing County, Hebei province air force's new agricultural technology proving ground greenhouse by solar heat, carry out cucumber many batches of experiments in cultivation is example, and the invention will be further described.This greenhouse by solar heat is newly-built large span semi-underground type greenhouse, and the soil texture is sandy soil.
(1) dig cultivation ditch: North and South direction digs the cultivation ditch of dark 50cm, wide 80cm, long 8.5m in greenhouse by solar heat, have the gradient of 1:200 at cultivation ditch length direction, high in the south and low in the north, the spacing of two cultivation ditches is 60cm.
(2) cultivate ditch plastic film mulch: bottom cultivation ditch and both sides laying depth be the plastic film of 0.1mm, under distance mouth of a river 1m cultivation ditch bottom 4 diameters made a call to by plastic film is the water seepage hole of 1cm.
(3) cultivation matrix is loaded: bottom cultivation ditch, spread the thick particle diameter of 5cm above plastic film is the river sand of 3-6mm, then in cultivation ditch, fill the vegetable soil taken nearby, vegetable garden physiochemical properties of soil is the content of organic matter 1.5%, pH value 7.42, EC value 0.22mS.cm
-1, unit weight 1.29g.cm
-3, field capacity 26.01%.
(4) make irrigation ditch: adopt two ridge field planting in cultivation ditch, line-spacing 50cm in cultivation ditch, be irrigation ditch between duplicate rows in cultivation ditch, irrigation ditch ditch depth does 8cm and 11cm two process, amounts to each irrigation quantity of mu and is respectively 10m
3and 15m
3, with local normal irrigation mode and irrigation quantity for contrast.
(5) ground paving mulch film: on the ground between cultivation ditch and two cultivating beds, all laying depth is the mulch film of 0.008mm, restriction soil water evaporation.
(6) fertilizers input: each cultivation crops for rotation mu executes organic commercial fertilizer 1500-2000kg, divides and imposes nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 80-100kg with water 4-6 time.
(7) implementation result: autumn and winter stubble is in early September field planting, and early January in next year uproots plants after their edible portions have been harvested; Winter-Spring stubble is in late Febuary field planting, and early July uproots plants after their edible portions have been harvested.The total irrigation quantity of year mu of contrast, ditch depth 8cm and 11cm process is respectively 446m
3, 186m
3and 251m
3, all process year per mu yields all reach more than 7500kg, and between process, volume variance is not remarkable, but two process water-saving rates reach 40% and 60% respectively, and water-saving result clearly.
Claims (6)
1. steam a cultivation method for non-arable land facility leak stopping limit, it is characterized in that, the concrete steps of the method are:
(1) dig cultivation ditch: in greenhouse by solar heat according to cultivating bed to digging cultivation ditch, cultivation ditch length direction has the gradient of 1:150-1:250;
(2) cultivate ditch plastic film mulch: bottom cultivation ditch and both sides laying depth be the plastic film of 0.1mm, and under distance mouth of a river 0.5-1.5m place cultivation ditch bottom water seepage hole beaten by plastic film;
(3) cultivation matrix is loaded: bottom cultivation ditch, plastic film first spreads the thick draining layer of 3-5cm, then on draining layer, soilless culture substrate is filled, artificial preparation be rich in organic soil, or with the general vegetable garden soil of raise crop without identical pathogenic bacteria;
(4) irrigation ditch is made: adopt two ridge field planting in cultivation ditch, between strain, line-spacing is 45-55cm, is irrigation ditch between duplicate rows;
(5) ground paving mulch film: on the ground between cultivation ditch and two cultivating beds, all laying depth is the mulch film of 0.008mm, restriction soil water evaporation.
2. a kind of non-arable land facility leak stopping limit that is used for steams cultivation method according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, the degree of depth of described cultivation ditch is 50cm, and width is 80cm, and the spacing of two cultivation ditches is 60cm.
3. a kind of non-arable land facility leak stopping limit that is used for steams cultivation method according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, the number of described water seepage hole is 3-5, and aperture is 0.5cm-1.5cm.
4. a kind of non-arable land facility leak stopping limit that is used for steams cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the filler of described draining layer is one or more of chad, perlite and coarse sand.
5. a kind of non-arable land facility leak stopping limit that is used for steams cultivation method according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, the general porosity of described cultivation matrix is more than 60%.
6. a kind of non-arable land facility leak stopping limit that is used for steams cultivation method according to claim 1, and it is characterized in that, the degree of depth of described irrigation ditch is 8-11cm, and suitable mu single irrigation quantity is 10-15m
3.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510702496.1A CN105284355B (en) | 2015-10-26 | 2015-10-26 | One kind steams cultural method for non-arable land facility leak stopping limit |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510702496.1A CN105284355B (en) | 2015-10-26 | 2015-10-26 | One kind steams cultural method for non-arable land facility leak stopping limit |
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| CN105284355A true CN105284355A (en) | 2016-02-03 |
| CN105284355B CN105284355B (en) | 2018-06-26 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106613278A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-10 | 渭南市农业技术推广中心 | Furrow cultivation method of protected vegetables |
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| CN101874443A (en) * | 2009-11-14 | 2010-11-03 | 王彦明 | Method for agricultural water conservation and desert control |
| CN102498758A (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-06-20 | 高东翔 | Water-saving cultivating method and structure |
| CN102523779A (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2012-07-04 | 白银市农业科学研究所 | Method for reusing saline-alkali waste cultivated land to grow plants |
| CN102648693A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-08-29 | 宁夏农林科学院 | Organic vegetable substrate cultivation production process of non-arable facility |
| CN202941197U (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-05-22 | 许林川 | Film cultivation pit |
| CN103583172A (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2014-02-19 | 东南大学 | Planting structure in arid desert regions and planting method of planting structure |
| CN104012361A (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2014-09-03 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | Method preventing soil, water and fertilizer from being lost when grapes are planted in sand and gravel land |
-
2015
- 2015-10-26 CN CN201510702496.1A patent/CN105284355B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101874443A (en) * | 2009-11-14 | 2010-11-03 | 王彦明 | Method for agricultural water conservation and desert control |
| CN102498758A (en) * | 2011-10-11 | 2012-06-20 | 高东翔 | Water-saving cultivating method and structure |
| CN102523779A (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2012-07-04 | 白银市农业科学研究所 | Method for reusing saline-alkali waste cultivated land to grow plants |
| CN102648693A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-08-29 | 宁夏农林科学院 | Organic vegetable substrate cultivation production process of non-arable facility |
| CN202941197U (en) * | 2012-10-12 | 2013-05-22 | 许林川 | Film cultivation pit |
| CN103583172A (en) * | 2013-10-09 | 2014-02-19 | 东南大学 | Planting structure in arid desert regions and planting method of planting structure |
| CN104012361A (en) * | 2014-06-18 | 2014-09-03 | 河北省林业科学研究院 | Method preventing soil, water and fertilizer from being lost when grapes are planted in sand and gravel land |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 黄铁抓等: "日光温室番茄减蒸控漏节水灌溉技术综合效果比较", 《河北农业科学》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106613278A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-05-10 | 渭南市农业技术推广中心 | Furrow cultivation method of protected vegetables |
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| CN105284355B (en) | 2018-06-26 |
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