CN105264251B - Sychronisation - Google Patents
Sychronisation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105264251B CN105264251B CN201380077171.8A CN201380077171A CN105264251B CN 105264251 B CN105264251 B CN 105264251B CN 201380077171 A CN201380077171 A CN 201380077171A CN 105264251 B CN105264251 B CN 105264251B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- clutch ring
- elastic component
- sychronisation
- axial
- rotation
- Prior art date
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000000515 tooth Anatomy 0.000 description 78
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000968 intestinal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
- F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
- F16D23/025—Synchro rings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
- F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
- F16D23/04—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
- F16D23/06—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
- F16D23/0606—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation the blocking mechanism comprising an axially-extending shouldered pin passing through a hole in a radial wall
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
- F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
- F16D23/04—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
- F16D23/06—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
- F16D23/0612—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation the blocking mechanism comprising a radial pin in an axial slot with at least one branch
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
- F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
- F16D23/04—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
- F16D23/06—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
- F16D2023/0618—Details of blocking mechanism comprising a helical spring loaded element, e.g. ball
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
- F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
- F16D23/04—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
- F16D23/06—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
- F16D2023/0631—Sliding sleeves; Details thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D23/00—Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type
- F16D23/02—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches
- F16D23/04—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch
- F16D23/06—Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches with an additional friction clutch and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation
- F16D2023/0656—Details of the tooth structure; Arrangements of teeth
- F16D2023/0668—Details relating to tooth end or tip geometry
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
- Snaps, Bayonet Connections, Set Pins, And Snap Rings (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
- Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
This disclosure relates to for making the first rotatable portion sychronisation synchronous with the second rotatable portion of neighbouring first rotatable portion.The sychronisation includes the Part I for being equipped with engagement sleeve and the Part II equipped with clutch ring.The sychronisation has at least one resilient member positioned, which is arranged to act on clutch ring and Part II, makes with the design for allowing to have a small amount of component and also clutch ring and Part II presynchronization.The disclosure further relates to the speed changer for including this sychronisation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to speed changer, the more particularly, to sychronisation of speed changer and the speed changer equipped with sychronisation.
The present invention is particularly advantageous in the speed changer field of heavy vehicle (such as truck and motor bus).
Background technology
Most of modern vehicles are each equipped with synchromesh transmission.In this gearbox, the tooth of gear for good and all engages.Cause
This, the effect of gear selector is not to make indented joint or the separation of actual gear, but by the rotation of gear relative to through tooth
The axis locking of wheel hub extension.When gear is separated, the gear is unlocked and rotated freely through from the axis.
The axis is locked relative to gear to be realized by so-called dog collar (dog collar).The dog collar passes through spline
It is connected to the axis and is therefore rotated with the axis, and with can be with the gear-like tooth of the corresponding indented joint on gear.
The engagement of this two groups of teeth locks the rotation of gear relative to dog collar, and is therefore locked also relative to the axis.
If however, the dog collar and gear rotate at different rates, the tooth cannot engage and in these tooth phases
The grating of weight will be heard when mutually hitting.For this reason, modern dog collar has synchronizer mechanisms, it prevents the tooth in the two portions
The rotating speed divided is contacted before by synchronous.These synchronizers generally include cone clutch and blocker ring.The cone clutch utilizes
Friction makes gear and dog collar be in same rotational speed, the inclination which is interacted by stop surface corresponding on gear
Stop surface prevents the tooth contact.As rotating speed is by synchronization, the frictional force on the blocker ring is eliminated and the blocker ring is light
Reverse micro-ly, so as to allow the engagement of the tooth.
However, the dog collar must rather slowly be drawn towards gear, to provide suitable machine for the stop surface of the dog collar
It can find corresponding stop surface.If the stop surface cannot mutually find other side, the stop surface will not phase
Interaction, and therefore cannot prevent the tooth of dog collar and the tooth contact of gear before the rotating speed of dog collar and gear is by synchronization.
Therefore, at least partly eliminating disadvantages mentioned above, improved sychronisation, there is demand.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the product for making two rotating part synchronizations, wherein, it at least partially avoid
The above problem.Feature in the characteristic that this purpose passes through claim 1 is realized.
This disclosure relates to the second rotatable portion for making the first rotatable portion and neighbouring first rotatable portion
Divide synchronous sychronisation.The sychronisation includes being equipped with the Part I for engaging sleeve and second equipped with clutch ring
Point.The Part I can be typically axis, and Part II can typically be arranged in the gear on adjacent axis.
The engagement sleeve is equipped with first group of internal tooth and the first conical friction surface, and first group of internal tooth permission is described the
Rotation in a part is fixed but axially displaceable arrangement.The engagement sleeve is suitable for being positioned at the first axial position and the second axis
To position.In the first axial position, first group of internal tooth is only engaged with the Part I.Therefore, in the first axial position, first
Part and Part II do not interconnect and described two axis can be independently of one another.In the second axial position, first group of internal tooth with
Part I and the Part II engagement.Therefore, the two parts are rigidly interconnected and described two axis are combined and with phase
Rotated with speed.
The clutch ring is equipped with matched conical friction surface, which is adapted to and first taper
Friction surface interacts, so that the engagement sleeve and clutch ring are synchronous, i.e. make the Part I and Part II same
Step.It is preferred that and most universally, which is made of inner taper, and the matched friction surface is by male-tapered
Portion is formed.The clutch ring is additionally provided with second group of internal tooth, which allows the arrangement on the Part II.Should
Second group of internal tooth is equipped with the first stop surface, which is adapted to corresponding with the Part II second to stop
Surface interacts.The interaction of these stop surfaces prevents the synchronous ring in Part I and the rotating speed of Part II
Relative to the in rotary moving of Part II during synchronization.
The clutch ring is adapted to be positioned at the first rotation position and the second rotation position relative to Part II.This first
Rotation position allows the stop surface to interact with each other, and second rotation position allows the axially displaced of clutch ring.
The clutch ring is further adapted for being positioned at the first axial position and the second axial position.In the first axial position of clutch ring,
The stop surface can interact with each other, and be positioned such that in the second axial position, the stop surface of clutch ring
They are not towards the stop surface of Part II, to allow the axially displaced of the engagement sleeve.
The sychronisation is characterized in that it with least one axially position elastic component, the axially position elasticity structure
Part is arranged to act on clutch ring and Part II.The axially position elastic component is arranged so that：At clutch ring
During any position between its first axial position and the second axial position, the axially position elastic component is relative to described same
Step device ring and the Part II be arranged so that the axially position elastic component on the clutch ring, towards synchronizer
Applying power on the direction of the first axial position (that is, towards Part I) of ring.By at least one axially position elastic component
The power of application is enough clutch ring pressing to its first axial position, if it is described engagement sleeve be in its first axial position or
During advancing towards its first axial position.However, by least one axially position elastic component in clutch ring
The power of upper application is approximately less than by the engagement sleeve towards the movement of its second axial position (that is, towards Part II) same
The power applied on step device ring.Therefore, easily by making engagement sleeve be moved upward to overcome by this at least in the side of Part II
The axially position for the clutch ring that one axially position elastic component performs.
Clutch ring is maintained its first position by the axially position elastic component, unless the engagement sleeve is in phase negative side
Acted on upwards (i.e. towards Part II) on clutch ring.By the axially position, clutch ring is arranged in correct axial direction
Position, so that its stop surface interacts with the stop surface on Part II.The sychronisation can be equipped with stop surface, make
Obtaining the sychronisation can make rotation synchronous in two rotational directions.Above-mentioned axially position also causes rubbing for the engagement sleeve
The lower drag losses between surface and the friction surface of clutch ring is wiped, because this friction table by preventing clutch ring
The conical friction surface for engaging sleeve is unexpectedly collided to realize in face.Devices disclosed herein, which also achieves, compares conventional synchronization
Device has the sychronisation of less component, this is because following facts：Clutch ring is acted directly on Part II, so that
Provide simpler and more cheap solution.In addition, the cone of bigger can be provided on the engagement sleeve and clutch ring
Shape friction surface, because these friction surfaces can be equipped with big radius and still within the outside diameter of the engagement sleeve, this is
Because arrange less component between the engagement sleeve and Part II.
One in feature by implementing dependent claims or several realize additional advantage.
At least one axially position elastic component may be provided in clutch ring and act on the Part II
In axial reaction surface, wherein, the axially position elastic component and the axial reaction surface are arranged with respect to one another
Into cause the axially position elastic component on the clutch ring, in the first axial position towards the clutch ring
Applying power on direction.However, at least one axially position elastic component can be also arranged in Part II, and will be corresponding
Axial reaction surface is arranged on clutch ring.
The axial direction reaction surface can have the inclined-plane being directed radially inwardly toward on the axial direction of the Part I.
When axially position elastic component effect on the sloped surface when, by clutch ring, towards the of the clutch ring
Apply reaction force on the direction of one axial location.As a result, clutch ring is moved axially towards its first axial position, the elasticity
Component slides on the inclination surface.
The inclined-plane being directed radially inwardly toward can have the close Part I arrangement in the axial reaction surface
It is end, carry out excessive transition with the inclined-plane of being radially outward directed of being directed toward on the axial direction of the Part I
Part.Transition portion between the inclined-plane being directed inwardly toward and inclined-plane outwardly forms groove, which is used as described
The retainer of axially position elastic component.The groove prevents the axially position elastic component from being promoted further towards Part I
The clutch ring, because the sliding motion of the axially position elastic component stopped by the groove.When axially position elasticity
Component is located between the intilted axial reaction surface and outward-dipping axial reaction surface
When in the transition portion, clutch ring is in its first axial position.Alternatively, another form of groove or retainer can
It is arranged in rotation reaction surface, such as raised or groove or shoulder, rather than the inclined-plane being directed inwardly toward and outwards finger
To inclined-plane between transition portion.
The axial direction reaction surface may be provided on the first external tooth of Part II.Such an arrangement provides favourable manufacture
Process, because the axial direction reaction surface can be formed by aftertreatment technology, such as by by one of the tooth of Part II
Divide grinding or mill off.
Clutch ring can be equipped with multiple axially position elastic components, and the multiple axially position elastic component is around described same
Step device ring is substantially equally distributed.Preferably, which is equipped with least three axially position bullets being substantially evenly distributed
Property component.When axially position elastic component is being acted on clutch ring on the point being distributed in uniform way, the synchronization can be realized
The positioning of the balance of device ring, so as to avoid the unexpected deflection of the clutch ring.Here, " in uniform way be distributed " mean with absolutely
To homogeneous phase than allowing to have small deviation (as long as the deviation is sufficiently small), with easily by the internal friction of the device (i.e.
Friction between the different piece of the device) compensate.
In a preferred embodiment, which is additionally provided with least one rotational positioning elastic component, the rotational positioning bullet
Property component is acted in the rotation reaction surface of the Part II, wherein, the rotational positioning elastic component and the rotation
Turn reaction surface and be arranged with respect to one another into cause the rotational positioning elastic component on the clutch ring, towards institute
State applying power on the direction of the first rotation position of clutch ring.Therefore, the purpose of the rotational positioning elastic component is by synchronization
Device ring guides its first rotation position into.(contacted by making clutch ring when will synchronously start between conical friction surface
When) its first rotation position and the first axial position have been in, cause faster and more reliable synchronization, because the stop table
Face has contacted and has therefore been in correct position to interact with each other.It is fixed by the axially position and rotation of the clutch ring
Position, can quickly perform synchronization, because need not take time to allow corresponding stop surface to find each other --- synchronously starting
Shi Suoshu stop surfaces have contacted.Also the rotational positioning elastic component can be arranged in Part II, and will revolved accordingly
Turn reaction surface to be arranged on clutch ring.However, due to the rotational positioning, sychronisation only can be for the stop surface
The rotation between the synchronous Part I and Part II is carried out in the direction being adapted to.Therefore, sychronisation of the invention is special
It is adapted to be arranged as range synchronization device and/or shunting synchronizer.
The axially position component and Pivoting retaining member are preferably made of spring-loaded plunger.
The rotation reaction surface can be equipped with the inclined-plane being directed radially inwardly toward in the circumferential direction of the Part II.When
Rotational positioning elastic component is acted on when on this inclined-plane, and reaction force is by the direction of the first rotation position towards clutch ring
Upper promotion clutch ring.
The inclined-plane being directed radially inwardly toward in the first circumferential direction of the Part II can have with described the
The inclined-plane being radially outward directed in first circumferential direction of two parts carries out the transition portion of transition.This is directed inwardly toward oblique
Transition portion between face and inclined-plane outwardly forms groove, which is used as the rotation retainer of clutch ring, this
In be the first rotation position.The groove prevents rotational positioning elastic component from further promoting the clutch ring in a rotational direction.
Therefore, when rotational positioning elastic component by a positioning in place in the intilted rotation reaction surface and outward-dipping
When rotating in the transition portion between reaction surface, then clutch ring is located at its first rotation position.Alternatively, another shape
The groove or retainer of formula may be arranged in the rotation reaction surface, such as raised or groove or shoulder, rather than it is described to
Transition portion between the inclined-plane of interior direction and inclined-plane outwardly.
The rotation reaction surface may be provided on the second external tooth of Part II.Such an arrangement provides favourable manufacture
Process, because rotation reaction surface can be formed by aftertreatment technology, such as by by a part for the tooth of Part II
Grinding or mill off.
As the replacement or supplement of inclined rotation reaction surface, which can be arranged so that work
It is angled relative to the radial direction of clutch ring with direction.Therefore the rotational positioning elastic component is become for spring
The lever of the bigger of power.
The position of the replacement of the rotation reaction surface is made of the sidepiece of the external tooth of Part II.This arrangement make use of
The original geometry of the external tooth of Part II, therefore need not such as grind or the post processing of milling.
The clutch ring can be equipped with multiple rotational positioning elastic components, and the rotational positioning elastic component surrounds the synchronization
Device ring is substantially equally distributed.Preferably, which is equipped with least three rotational positioning elastic components being evenly distributed.
When rotational positioning elastic component on equally distributed point to act on clutch ring, the balance of clutch ring can be realized
Positioning, so as to avoid the unexpected deflection of clutch ring.Here, " being distributed in uniform way " means to permit compared with absolute uniform
Permitted have small deviation (as long as the deviation is sufficiently small), easily to pass through internal friction (the i.e. difference of the device of the device
Friction between part) compensate.
The engagement sleeve can be equipped with groove, which is arranged on the axial centre position in first group of internal tooth.Should
Groove is adapted to the screens elastic component with arrangement in the first portion to interact.The screens elastic component radially outwardly acts as
With, so that the engagement sleeve is maintained at the first position of the engagement sleeve by the screens elastic component, in the first position,
The engagement sleeve is only engaged with the Part I.
The engagement sleeve can be maintained at by the screens elastic component by being projected into the outside of first group of internal tooth
The second place of the engagement sleeve.Therefore the engagement sleeve is maintained at bonding station by the screens elastic component, so that anti-
Only above-mentioned engagement sleeve unexpectedly unlocks the rotary motion of Part I and Part II.
The screens elastic component is preferably spring-loaded plunger.
The axially position elastic component and rotational positioning elastic component can be provided as elastic component independent of each other or offer
For combined member, for performing axially position and rotational positioning.If the Pivoting retaining member and axially position component are combined
In same flexibly positioned component, then the reaction surface is by correspondingly adaptation.
The invention further relates to the speed changer equipped with above-mentioned sychronisation.
Brief description of the drawings
Schematic diagram below is with reference in the detailed description for the disclosure being given below, wherein：
Fig. 1 a show the cross-sectional layout of the sychronisation in its neutral position,
Fig. 1 b show the section in the plane of soldered tooth, which is in its neutral position,
Fig. 2 a show the cross-sectional layout of the sychronisation when the speed of two rotating parts is just synchronous,
Fig. 2 b show the section in the plane of the soldered tooth when the speed of two rotating parts is just synchronous,
Fig. 3 a show the cross-sectional layout of the sychronisation in the case where engagement sleeve is engaged with Part II,
Fig. 3 b show the section in the plane of the soldered tooth in the case that engagement sleeve is engaged with Part II,
Fig. 4 a show the engagement sleeve of the sychronisation,
Fig. 4 b show the axis of the sychronisation,
Fig. 5 a show the clutch ring of the sychronisation,
Fig. 5 b show the gear of the sychronisation,
Fig. 5 c show the detailed view of axial reaction surface,
Fig. 5 d show the detailed view of rotation reaction surface, and
Fig. 6 shows the cross-sectional layout of two-side synchronous device.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, various aspects of the invention are will be described in connection with the drawings, to illustrate (but not limiting) present invention.At this
In a little attached drawings, identical reference numeral represents identical element.The modified example of different aspect is not limited to the embodiment specifically illustrated,
And apply to other modified examples of the disclosure.
Fig. 1 a show the cross-sectional layout of the sychronisation 1 in its neutral position, which is also synchronous mistake
The position that journey starts.Sychronisation 1 includes input shaft (Part I) 100, gear (Part II) 200,110 and of engagement sleeve
Clutch ring 210.Fig. 1 b show first group of external tooth 101 of input shaft 100 and engage first group of internal tooth 111 of sleeve 110
Section in plane.Input shaft 100 is equipped with engagement sleeve 110.Engagement sleeve 110 is equipped with first group of internal tooth 111, such as institute in Fig. 1 b
Show, first group of internal tooth 111, one group of external tooth 101 corresponding with input shaft 100 engages.This allows the engagement sleeve 110 defeated
Enter and rotate fixed but axially displaceable arrangement on axis 100, i.e. engagement sleeve 110 can be in the first axial position and second
Moved axially between axial location, in the first axial position, engage first group of internal tooth 111 of sleeve 110 only with input shaft 100
Tooth 101 engage (as in fig. la and lb), and in the second axial position, engage first group of internal tooth 111 of sleeve 110 with
First group of external tooth 101 of input shaft 100 and second group of internal tooth 111 of gear 200 engage (as illustrated in figures 3 a and 3b), so that
The rotary motion of input shaft 100 and gear 200 is locked.Engagement sleeve 110 further includes the first conical friction surface 112.
Input shaft 100 may also include at least one screens elastic component 102, such as spring-loaded screens plunger, the card
Position elastic component 102 is adapted to interact with by the remaining at property of engagement sleeve with the groove 113 engaged in sleeve 110
Separation point position, as long as without small intestinal transit on the engagement sleeve.Preferably, input shaft 100 includes at least three screens elasticity
Component 102, it is highly preferred that including six screens elastic components 102.
In order to enable engagement sleeve 110 smoothly to enter its second place and be engaged with the Part II, first
Points 100 and the rotating speed of Part II 200 must be by synchronization.For this reason, gear 200 is equipped with clutch ring 210.Clutch ring 210 exists
Arrangement on Part II 200 realized by second group of internal tooth 211, second group of internal tooth 211 and second group of external tooth on gear 200
201 engagements.Second group of internal tooth 211 of the clutch ring is engaged with second group of external tooth 201 on gear 200.This arrangement will
Clutch ring 210 is rotationally fixed to gear 200, but allows its axially displaced.However, the tooth in second group of internal tooth 211 is slightly narrow
Gap in second group of external tooth 201, this allows slight rotation of the clutch ring 210 relative to gear 200.Clutch ring 210
Second group of internal tooth 211 be equipped with least one first stop surface 212, which is adapted to and described second
Corresponding second stop surface 202 on second group of external tooth 201 divided interacts, to make the Part I and second
The axial movement of clutch ring 210 is prevented during the synchronization divided and therefore prevents the engagement sleeve from being engaged with gear 200.
In Figure 1b, clutch ring 210 is shown at its first axial position and rotation position, in the position, clutch ring 210
The first stop surface 212 can interact with the second stop surface 202 of gear 200.Clutch ring 210 further includes matching
The conical friction surface 213 of conjunction, the conical friction surface 213 are adapted to the 112 phase interaction of conical friction surface with engaging sleeve 110
With to make the speed sync of the speed of input shaft 100 and gear 200 by friction.During synchronization, on clutch ring 210
Frictional force works, and the first stop surface 212 is pressed against on the second stop surface 202, the shape of these stop surfaces is prevented
Stop clutch ring 210 to move axially on the direction of gear 200.The function of the stop surface is those skilled in the art institute
It is well known.
In addition, axially position elastic component 220 is there also is provided, to act on clutch ring 210 and gear 200 so that
The axially position elastic component 220 on clutch ring towards the first axial position applying power, it is synchronous in the first axial position
The stop surface 212,202 of device ring 210 and Part II 200 can interact.In the example of Fig. 1 a, axially position elasticity
Component 220 is made of spring-loaded plunger.
Fig. 2 a are shown when the speed of input shaft 100 and gear 200 is just by conical friction surface 112 and matched
Friction between conical friction surface 213 and it is synchronous when cross-sectional layout, and Fig. 2 b show connecing for sychronisation 1 at this time
Close the section in the plane of tooth.When the speed of input shaft 100 and gear 200 has become synchronous, conical friction surface 112,213
Between will there is no any frictional force because the engagement sleeve 110 and clutch ring 210 now with identical speed rotate.With
Frictional force on clutch ring 210 stops, which no longer presses together, and clutch ring 210 will slightly
Rotation is to reach rotation position, and in the rotation position, clutch ring 210 can be in the side towards the Part II axially upwardly
It is mobile.
Fig. 3 a show the cross-sectional layout of the sychronisation in the case where engagement sleeve is engaged with Part II, and
Fig. 3 b show the section in the plane of the soldered tooth of the sychronisation.Here, clutch ring 210 has been moved to its second axial direction
Position, in the second axial position, the internal tooth 211 of clutch ring 210 is fully inserted between the external tooth 201 of gear 200.Engagement
Sleeve 110 has followed the axial movement of clutch ring 210.At this time, in its second axial position, the internal tooth 111 of engagement sleeve 110
Engaged with the external tooth 101 of input shaft 100 and the external tooth 201 of gear 200, thus by input shaft 100 and gear 200 interconnect and by it
Rotation mutually locking.
When engaging its second axial position of arrival of sleeve 110, at least one screens elastic component 102 is projected into first group
The outside of internal tooth, the second axial position is maintained at by engagement sleeve 110.
Fig. 4 a show the perspective view of the engagement sleeve 110 of sychronisation disclosed herein.First group of internal tooth 111 will engage
Sleeve 110 is rotatably secured on rotatable input shaft 100, but is allowed axially displaced.Therefore, engage sleeve 110 always with
The speed rotation identical with input shaft 100.During synchronization, conical friction surface 112 is adapted to and matched conical friction table
Face 213 interacts, and the screens elastic component 102 that groove 113 is configured to and is arranged in input shaft 100 interacts.
Fig. 4 b show the perspective view of input shaft 100, it be typically constitute it is described in sychronisation disclosed herein
The component of rotatable Part I.This example of input shaft 100 has first group of external tooth 101, i.e., so-called spline, this first
Group external tooth 101 is engaged with engaging first group of internal tooth 111 of sleeve 110.This arrangement prevents engagement sleeve 110 relative to the axis
Rotation displacement, but allow its axially displaced.In addition, the input shaft is equipped with first group of hole 103, wherein, each hole is suitable for accommodating and blocks
Position elastic component 102.Preferably, first group of hole 103 includes at least three holes, more preferably including six hole (such as examples of Fig. 4 b
Shown in), but more or fewer holes also may be present or be completely absent hole, this depends on desired screens elastic component
102 quantity.
Fig. 5 a show an exemplary perspective view of the clutch ring 210 of sychronisation disclosed herein.Including six
Second group of internal tooth 211 of internal tooth 211 is located at the inner side of clutch ring.However, the quantity of internal tooth 211 can change, here, preferably
It is at least three internal tooths 211, to realize the arrangement of balance.The end of tooth is equipped with the first stop surface 212.Matched taper rubs
Surface 213 is wiped to be located on the outside of clutch ring 210.Clutch ring 210 further includes second group of hole 214, wherein each hole is suitable for
Accommodate axially position elastic component 220.Second group of hole 214 includes at least one hole, it is preferable that it includes three holes.Synchronizer
Ring 210 further includes the 3rd group of hole 215, wherein each hole is suitable for accommodating rotational positioning elastic component 221.3rd group of hole 215 includes
At least one hole, it is preferable that it includes three holes.Second group of hole 214 and the 3rd group of hole 215 can be radially extended (that is, perpendicular to table
Face) into clutch ring 210, as illustrated in fig. 5 a, or second group of hole 214 and the 3rd group of hole 215 may be disposed to and synchronizer
The radial direction of ring 210 is angled.
Fig. 5 b show the perspective view for the Part II being typically made of gear 200.Part II 200 is equipped with the
Two groups of external tooths 201, second group of external tooth 201 are engaged with second group of internal tooth 211 of clutch ring 210.In second group of external tooth 201
Some teeth are equipped with the second stop surface 202.The quantity of the tooth equipped with the second stop surface 202 in second group of external tooth 201 should wait
In the quantity of the first stop surface 212 on clutch ring 210, because the first stop surface 212 and the second stop surface 202 are suitable
In interaction between each other.Some teeth in second group of external tooth 201 are each provided with axial reaction surface 203 or rotation reaction table
Face 204, is shown in further detail as shown in the figure and in Fig. 5 c and Fig. 5 d.
In unshowned alternate embodiment, the axially position elastic component and rotational positioning elastic component are same bullets
Property component, therefore it is acted in the reaction surface of combination, and the reaction surface includes the oblique of axial reaction surface 203
Face and the inclined-plane of rotation reaction surface 204.
Fig. 5 c show the axial reaction surface on the first external tooth 230 in second group of external tooth 201 of Part II 200
203 enlarged drawing.Axial reaction surface 203 is included in first be directed radially inwardly toward on the axial direction of Part I 100
Inclined-plane 231 and the second inclined-plane 232 being radially outward directed on the axial direction of Part I 100.This inclined axial direction is anti-
Action face 203 is adapted to and the axially position elastic component in the upright opening in second group of hole 214 for being arranged in clutch ring 210
220 interactions.When axially position elastic component 220 is pressed against the first inclined-plane 231, reaction force is along Part I 100
Axial direction act on axially position elastic component 220.Axially position elastic component 220 therefore will be on the inclined-plane the
Slide downward on the direction of a part 100, so as to drive the clutch ring that the axially position elastic component 220 is contained in it
210 move together.Transition portion between axially position elastic component 220 reaches 231 and second inclined-plane 232 of the first inclined-plane
When, the movement on the direction of Part I 100 stops.As long as no external force is acted on clutch ring 210, clutch ring
210 just will be maintained at this position, this position is referred to as the first axial position of clutch ring 210.Therefore, it is axial as summary
Reaction surface 203 and the purpose of axial elasticity align member 220 are to guide clutch ring 210 into its first axial position and incite somebody to action
Clutch ring 210 is kept in this position, unless other power are acted on clutch ring 210.
Fig. 5 d show the rotation reaction surface 204 on the second external tooth 240 in second group of external tooth 201 of gear 200
Enlarged drawing.Rotation reaction surface 204 is included in the 3rd be directed radially inwardly toward in the first circumferential direction of Part II 200
Inclined-plane 241 and the 4th inclined-plane 242 being radially outward directed in first circumferential direction of gear 200.This inclined rotation
Turn reaction surface 204 to be adapted to and the rotational positioning elastic component in the hole in second group of hole 214 for being arranged in clutch ring 210
221 interactions.When rotational positioning elastic component 221 is pressed against on the 3rd inclined-plane 241, reaction force is circumferential described first
Side is acting upwardly on rotational positioning elastic component 221.Rotational positioning elastic component 221 therefore will be on the inclined-plane along described
Slide downward in first circumferential direction, so that the clutch ring 210 for containing the rotational positioning elastic component 221 rotates.When
When rotational positioning elastic component 221 reaches the transition portion between the 3rd inclined-plane 241 and the 4th inclined-plane 242, clutch ring 210 exists
Mobile end in first circumferential direction.Wherein the rotational positioning elastic component 221 is still in by the 3rd inclined-plane 241 and
This position correspondence in groove that transition portion between four inclined-planes 242 is formed is in the first rotation position of clutch ring 210.Should
The precondition that clutch ring can appear in its first rotation position is clutch ring 210 while is in its first axis position
Put.In first rotation position, the first stop surface 212 of clutch ring 210 can stop with the second of Part II 200
Surface 202 interacts.Therefore, as summary, the purpose for rotating reaction surface 204 and rotational positioning elastic component 221 is
Guide clutch ring 210 into its first rotation position and keep clutch ring 210 in this position, unless the engagement sleeve
110 on clutch ring 210 applying power to start synchronization.When the clutch ring is arranged in its first axial position and the first rotation
During position, the stop surface 202,212 of clutch ring and gear 200 is matched, and can be opened by the engagement sleeve
Synchronization is immediately begun to when dynamic.
However, within the scope of the invention, it may include the gear only with axially position elastic component 220, thus, first
It can synchronously be carried out in two rotational directions between part 100 and Part II 200.
Fig. 6 shows the cross-sectional layout of two-side synchronous device 1.This device includes second gear 300, i.e. Part III.
The Part III is accordingly arranged with Part II 200, but another the axial side for being arranged in engagement sleeve 110.3rd
Divide 300 can be equipped with as on the same characteristic features described in Part II 200.
Part II 200 and Part III 300 may be adapted to independently of each other only axially position or not only axial but also radially fixed
Position.Any combinations of these modified examples of Part II 200 and Part III 300 are all fallen within the scope of the present invention.
It can modify at each obvious aspect to the present invention, all such modifications are all without departing from appended claims
The scope of book.Therefore, attached drawing and described above should be regarded as substantially being illustrative and not restrictive.
The reference numeral referred in detail in the claims is not construed as the model of the limitation claimed theme of claims
Enclose, their unique effects are to be easier to understand each claim.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of sychronisation (1), the sychronisation (1) be used to making the first rotatable portion with it is rotatable adjacent to described first
The second partial rotatable portion is synchronous, wherein, the sychronisation (1) includes：
● the Part I (100) equipped with engagement sleeve (110), and
● the Part II (200) equipped with clutch ring (210), wherein
The engagement sleeve (110)：
● equipped with first group of internal tooth (111), to allow the rotation on the Part I (100) fixed but axially displaceable
Arrangement,
● equipped with the first conical friction surface (112), and
● suitable for being positioned at the first axial position and the second axial position, wherein, in the first axial position, described first group
Internal tooth (111) is only engaged with the Part I (100), and in the second axial position, first group of internal tooth (111) with
The Part I (100) and the Part II (200) engagement, wherein
The clutch ring (210)：
● equipped with matched conical friction surface (213), wherein, the first conical friction surface (112) and the matching
The conical friction surface (213) of conjunction is suitable for interacting with each other, so that the sleeve (110) and the clutch ring (210) are same
Step, i.e. make the Part I (100) and the Part II (200) synchronous, ● equipped with second group of internal tooth (211), to permit
Permitted to be arranged on the Part II (200), wherein, second group of internal tooth (211) is equipped with the first stop surface (212), institute
State the first stop surface (212) and be adapted to the second stop surface (202) phase interaction corresponding with the Part II (200)
With,
● suitable for being positioned at the first axial position and the second axial position, wherein, in the first axial position, the stop table
Face (212,202) can interact with each other, and the second axial position allows the engagement sleeve (110) and described second
Partly (200) engage, and
● it is adapted to relative to the Part II (200) be positioned at the first rotation position and the second rotation position, wherein, described the
One rotation position allows the stop surface to interact with each other, and second rotation position allows the clutch ring
(210) it is axially displaced, wherein,
The sychronisation (1)：
At least one axially position elastic component (220) is disposed with, to act on the clutch ring (210) and second described
Divide on (200), wherein, the axially position elastic component (220) is relative to the clutch ring (210) and the Part II
(200) be arranged so that the axially position elastic component (220) on the clutch ring (210), towards the synchronization
Applying power on the direction of the first axial position of device ring (210),
Wherein, the axially position elastic component (220) acts on the axial reaction surface of the Part II (200)
(203) on, wherein, the axially position elastic component (220) and the axial reaction surface (203) are arranged with respect to one another
Into cause the axially position elastic component (220) on the clutch ring (210), towards the clutch ring (210)
The first axial position direction on applying power,
It is characterized in that, the axial direction reaction surface (203) is arranged on the first external tooth (230) of the Part II (200)
On.
2. sychronisation (1) according to claim 1, wherein, the axial direction reaction surface (203) has described the
The inclined-plane being directed radially inwardly toward on the axial direction of a part of (100).
3. sychronisation (1) according to claim 2, wherein, the inclined-plane being directed radially inwardly toward has in the axis
To reaction surface (203) the close Part I (100) arrangement it is end, with the Part I (100)
Axial direction on the inclined-plane that is radially outward directed that is directed toward carry out the transition portion of transition.
4. the sychronisation (1) according to any one of claim 1-3, is provided with multiple axially position elasticity structures
Part (220), the multiple axially position elastic component (220) are substantially evenly distributed around the clutch ring (210).
5. according to the sychronisation described in any one of claim 1-3, wherein, the clutch ring (210) be additionally provided with to
A few rotational positioning elastic component (221), the rotational positioning elastic component act on the rotation of the Part II (200)
In reaction surface (204), wherein, the rotational positioning elastic component (221) and the rotation reaction surface (204) are opposite
In be arranged so that each other the rotational positioning elastic component (221) on the clutch ring (210), towards the synchronization
Applying power on the direction of first rotation position of device ring.
6. sychronisation according to claim 5, wherein, the rotation reaction surface (204) is equipped with described second
The inclined-plane being partly directed radially inwardly toward in first circumferential direction of (200).
7. sychronisation according to claim 6, wherein, the footpath in the first circumferential direction of the Part II (200)
Have to the inclined-plane being directed inwardly toward with being radially outward directed in first circumferential direction of the Part II (200)
Inclined-plane carry out transition transition portion.
8. sychronisation according to claim 5, wherein, the rotation reaction surface is arranged on the Part II
(200) on the second external tooth (240).
9. sychronisation according to claim 6, wherein, the rotational positioning elastic component (221) is arranged so as to make
It is angled relative to the radial direction of the clutch ring (210) with direction, also, the rotation reaction surface
(204) it is made of the original sidepiece of the second external tooth (240) of the Part II (200).
10. sychronisation (1) according to claim 6, is provided with multiple rotational positioning elastic components (221), described
Multiple rotational positioning elastic components are substantially evenly distributed around the clutch ring (210).
11. the sychronisation (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, the engagement sleeve (110) is equipped with
Groove (113), the groove (113) are arranged on the axial centre position in first group of internal tooth (111), wherein, it is described recessed
Groove (113) is adapted to interact with the screens elastic component (102) being arranged in the Part I (100), also, the card
Position elastic component (102) radially outward works, so that the screens elastic component (102) protects the engagement sleeve (110)
Hold in the first position of the engagement sleeve (110).
12. sychronisation (1) according to claim 11, wherein, the screens elastic component (102) can pass through protrusion
The engagement sleeve (110) is maintained at the second of the engagement sleeve (110) to the outside of first group of internal tooth (111)
Position.
13. a kind of speed changer, the speed changer is equipped with the sychronisation according to any one of claim 1 to 12.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2013/001616 WO2014194925A1 (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2013-06-03 | A synchronising device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105264251A CN105264251A (en) | 2016-01-20 |
| CN105264251B true CN105264251B (en) | 2018-04-13 |
Family
ID=48698984
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380077171.8A Active CN105264251B (en) | 2013-06-03 | 2013-06-03 | Sychronisation |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9933022B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3004677B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN105264251B (en) |
| BR (1) | BR112015030407B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014194925A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2271571A (en) * | 1939-04-06 | 1942-02-03 | Carl D Peterson | Synchronizing clutch |
| US4376475A (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1983-03-15 | Ab Volvo | Synchronizer for motor vehicle gearboxes |
| DE3726486A1 (en) * | 1987-08-08 | 1989-02-16 | Neuenstein Zahnradwerk | Synchroniser for step-change transmissions in motor vehicles |
| CN1135254A (en) * | 1993-11-18 | 1996-11-06 | 沃尔沃·拉斯特韦格纳公司 | Synchronizing device in vehicle gearbox |
| CN101684845A (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2010-03-31 | 贺尔碧格传动技术有限公司 | Synchronising device for gearbox |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63158329A (en) * | 1986-12-18 | 1988-07-01 | Toyota Motor Corp | Synchronous meshing device |
| JPH01172659A (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1989-07-07 | Aisin Seiki Co Ltd | Synchronizer for power transmission mechanism |
| US6041320A (en) | 1993-08-23 | 2000-03-21 | Fisher Controls International, Inc. | Multi-region fuzzy logic control system with auxiliary variables |
| GB0302850D0 (en) * | 2003-02-07 | 2003-03-12 | Eaton Corp | Synchronizer |
-
2013
- 2013-06-03 WO PCT/EP2013/001616 patent/WO2014194925A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-06-03 EP EP13731288.0A patent/EP3004677B1/en active Active
- 2013-06-03 BR BR112015030407-9A patent/BR112015030407B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2013-06-03 CN CN201380077171.8A patent/CN105264251B/en active Active
- 2013-06-03 US US14/892,088 patent/US9933022B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2271571A (en) * | 1939-04-06 | 1942-02-03 | Carl D Peterson | Synchronizing clutch |
| US4376475A (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1983-03-15 | Ab Volvo | Synchronizer for motor vehicle gearboxes |
| DE3726486A1 (en) * | 1987-08-08 | 1989-02-16 | Neuenstein Zahnradwerk | Synchroniser for step-change transmissions in motor vehicles |
| CN1135254A (en) * | 1993-11-18 | 1996-11-06 | 沃尔沃·拉斯特韦格纳公司 | Synchronizing device in vehicle gearbox |
| CN101684845A (en) * | 2008-09-22 | 2010-03-31 | 贺尔碧格传动技术有限公司 | Synchronising device for gearbox |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BR112015030407B1 (en) | 2021-11-30 |
| WO2014194925A1 (en) | 2014-12-11 |
| US20160091032A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 |
| EP3004677B1 (en) | 2017-08-02 |
| US9933022B2 (en) | 2018-04-03 |
| CN105264251A (en) | 2016-01-20 |
| BR112015030407A2 (en) | 2017-07-25 |
| EP3004677A1 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
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