CN105259422B - Capacitance measurement circuit, liquid level detection circuit and its application method, liquid level detection circuit, water heater, intelligent home device - Google Patents
Capacitance measurement circuit, liquid level detection circuit and its application method, liquid level detection circuit, water heater, intelligent home device Download PDFInfo
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- CN105259422B CN105259422B CN201510687555.2A CN201510687555A CN105259422B CN 105259422 B CN105259422 B CN 105259422B CN 201510687555 A CN201510687555 A CN 201510687555A CN 105259422 B CN105259422 B CN 105259422B
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
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Abstract
A kind of capacitance measurement circuit, including first resistor, second resistance, 3rd resistor, the 4th resistance, the first test point, the second test point, power supply point, power supply place, sampling diode, sampled point, sampling capacitance, sampling tie point, single-chip microcomputer, test signal switch, test signal control point.Liquid level detection circuit, there are foregoing capacitance measurement circuit and two pole plates.The application method of foregoing capacitance measurement circuit.Liquid level detects circuit, more than two capacitance measurement circuit modules, single-chip microcomputer（PIC12F510）, stackable extension.Cost of the present invention is cheap, using it is flexible, service life is long, reliable and stable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electricity field, and in particular to capacitance measurement circuit, liquid level detection circuit, liquid level detection circuit make
With method, liquid level detection circuit, Intelligent internet of things water heater, intelligent home device.
Background technology
Smart home is the embodiment of the caused Internet of Things under the influence on development of internet, the major embodiment side of smart home
Formula is that, by human lives' household objects progress intellectuality, networking, smart home can improve the life staying idle at home enhancing of the mankind
Convenience, comfortableness, security, artistry, the feature of environmental protection, economy, its many benefit cause smart home to have begun to enter
Huge numbers of families, smart home correlation technique is just in vigorous growth and will be more flourishing.
Water is Source of life, and the life of the mankind is closely bound up with water, because water is liquid, the mankind using when generally require tool
There is stable shaped container to contain, many household articles of the mankind are related to stable shaped container, such as cup, water
Bottle, bucket, bathtub, washing machine, water heater, water heater, fish jar etc.；Used for the household articles with liquid container
When, because the volume of liquid container is often fixed, so the depth of liquid is important indicator, otherwise easily overflow；For
For stable shaped liquid container, its liquid depth often can be used for the assessment of liquid volume, liquid weight.
The monitoring technology of the liquid level of existing liquid container mainly has ball float, resistance-type, condenser type, and this several ways respectively has
Its advantage and disadvantage.
Existing capacitance detection circuit cost is higher, room for improvement be present.
Existing capacitance type liquid level detection circuit cost is higher, room for improvement be present.
Capacitance type liquid level detection circuit is mainly assessed with measured capacitance, although this mode precision is high,
Testing result is easily influenceed by temperature drift, component ageing, and the mankind are different using the water temperature requirement of difference occasion during water
, so cause the level sensing result of existing capacitance type liquid level detection circuit may be because of the difference of different use occasions
And it is different, so for smart home there is improvement sky in stability, the versatility of existing capacitance type liquid level detection circuit
Between.
The content of the invention
To solve the problems, such as to describe in technical background, the present invention proposes capacitance measurement circuit, liquid level detection circuit, liquid level
Detect the application method of circuit, liquid level detects circuit, Intelligent internet of things water heater, intelligent home device.
The present invention has following technology contents.
1st, a kind of capacitance measurement circuit, it is characterised in that：Including first resistor (R1), second resistance (R2), 3rd resistor
(R3), the 4th resistance (R4), the first test point (ca1), the second test point (ca2), power supply point (VCC9), power supply place
(GND9) diode (D1), sampled point (Q), sampling capacitance (C1), sampling tie point (P2), single-chip microcomputer, are sampled
(PIC12F510), test signal switch (MOS1), test signal control point (P1)；
Test signal switch (MOS1) has a switching channels, a control terminal, control test signal switch (MOS1)
The level of control terminal can realize disconnection and the UNICOM of switching channels, the control terminal of test signal switch (MOS1) and test
Signal control point (P1) is connected；
Test signal control point (P1) is connected with an IO pin of single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510)；
One end of first resistor (R1) is connected with the first test point (ca1), and the other end of first resistor (R1) is via test
The switching channels of signaling switch (MOS1) are connected to power supply point (VCC9)；
One end of second resistance (R2) is connected with the first test point (ca1)；
One end of 3rd resistor (R3) is connected with the second test point (ca2)；
One end of 4th resistance (R4) is connected with the second test point (ca2), and the other end of the 4th resistance (R4) is with power supply
Point (GND9) is connected；
End that 3rd resistor (R3) is not connected with the second test point (ca2) and second resistance (R2) not with the first test point
(ca1) connected end is connected；
3rd resistor (R3), the points of common connection of second resistance (R2) are connected with the positive pole of sampling diode (D1)；
The negative pole of sampling diode (D1) is connected with sampled point (Q)；
One end of sampling capacitance (C1) is connected with sampled point (Q), the other end and the power supply place of sampling capacitance (C1)
(GND9) it is connected；
Sampling tie point (P2) is connected with sampled point (Q)；
Sampling tie point (P2) is connected with a pin that may be configured as AD sampling configurations of single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510),
So that single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510) can gather sampled point (Q) the i.e. magnitude of voltage of the charging end of sampling capacitance (C1)；
It is that sampling tie point (P2) can be arranged to high impedance mode with one of single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510) and can set
Pin for IO output modes is connected, and it is new test that single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510), which can have the electric charge of excretion sampled point (Q),
The ability prepared；When single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510) this can be arranged to high impedance mode and can be arranged to IO outputs
When the pin of pattern is arranged to high impedance mode, single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510) this can be arranged to high impedance mode and can
The pin for being arranged to IO output modes does not interfere with sampled point (Q) magnitude of voltage；When this of single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510) can
Be arranged to high impedance mode and when can be arranged to the pin of IO output modes and being arranged to IO output modes and output low level, it is single
Electric charge reduction sampled point (Q) magnitude of voltage that piece machine (PIC12F510) can play a part of draining sampled point (Q) thinks new survey
Have a fling at preparation；
The supply pin (VDD) of single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510) is connected with power supply point (VCC9), single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510)
Grounding leg (VSS) is connected with power supply place (GND9)；
The IO pin for the single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510) being connected with test signal control point (P1) can export high level, low electricity
It is flat, to realize that the break-make of the switching channels of test signal switch (MOS1) controls, and the PWM surveys for testing capacitor can be formed
Trial signal；
The present invention realization be to the test philosophy of the capacitance of testing capacitance (CS)：The answering in the test present invention of the present invention
During with object testing capacitance (CS), the both ends of testing capacitance (CS) respectively with the first test point (ca1), the second test point (ca2)
It is connected, because test signal is pwm signal, testing capacitance for pwm signal there is effective impedance can be considered as equivalent electric
Resistance, the equivalent resistance of the testing capacitance of different capacitances is different for same test signal, the testing capacitance of different capacitances
(CS) pressure drop between the first test point (ca1), the second test point (ca2) can be caused different, during so as to cause equal unit
The interior charged pressure value of sampling capacitance (C1) is different, and those of ordinary skill in the art can be according to testing capacitance (CS) capacitance
Corresponding relation with the charged pressure value of sampling capacitance in the unit interval (C1), the charged pressure value of sampling capacitance (C1) in the unit interval
To calculate testing capacitance (CS) capacitance, the present invention should appropriately control the testing time to avoid sampling capacitance (C1) quilt as far as possible when applying
It is completely filled with.
2nd, a kind of capacitance measurement circuit as described in technology contents 1, it is characterised in that：Also include SCM program；Monolithic
Machine burning program is in single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510).
3rd, a kind of capacitance measurement circuit as described in technology contents 1, it is characterised in that：Described single-chip microcomputer
(PIC12F510) part pin both may be configured as the pin of AD sampling configurations or can be arranged to IO input patterns or can set
It is set to IO output modes.
4th, a kind of liquid level detection circuit, it is characterised in that：With one kind described in any technology contents in technology contents 1-3
Capacitance measurement circuit, also with the first pole plate (121), the second pole plate (120)；First pole plate (121) and capacitance measurement circuit
First test point (ca1) is connected；Second pole plate (120) is connected with the second test point (ca2) of capacitance measurement circuit；First pole plate
(121), the second pole plate (120) is made using the good conductor of electricity.
5th, a kind of liquid level detection circuit as described in technology contents 4, it is characterised in that：First pole plate (121), the second pole plate
(120) be attached to respectively on the outer wall of insulating vessel (140), the first pole plate (121), the second pole plate (120) in lengthwise position not
It is that the first pole plate (121), the second pole plate (120) are the arrangement longitudinally staggered with contour point.
6th, a kind of application method of a kind of liquid level detection circuit as described in technology contents 4, it is characterised in that：By it is multiple such as
The longitudinal arrangement that the first pole plate (121), the second pole plate (120) of liquid level detection circuit described in technology contents 4 are paired is insulating
On the different height position of the outer wall of container (140), and the single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510) of each liquid level detection circuit is combined into public affairs
Know that general knowledge merges into same single-chip microcomputer, liquid level (150) position is judged according to the difference in size of the capacitance of the paired pole plate of each group；Position
The capacitance very little between the paired pole plate of each group above liquid level (150), single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510) gather in sampled point (Q)
The voltage arrived is higher；The capacitance between the paired pole plate of each group below liquid level (150) is larger, single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510)
It is relatively low in the voltage that sampled point (Q) collects；Testing result is not easily susceptible to temperature drift, the influence of component ageing, and testing result is stable
Reliably.
7th, a kind of capacitance measurement circuit module, it is characterised in that：Including first resistor (R1), second resistance (R2), the 3rd
Resistance (R3), the 4th resistance (R4), power supply place (GND9), the second diode (D2), the 3rd diode (D3), conductor plates
(120), the first electric capacity (C1), first switch (MOS1), second switch (MOS2), No. zero node (P0), No. one node (P1), the
One tie point (Q), the second tie point (P)；
First switch (MOS1) has a switching channels, a control terminal, when the electricity of the control of first switch (MOS1)
Put down for low level when first switch (MOS1) switching channels connect, when the level controlled of first switch (MOS1) is high electricity
Usually the switching channels of first switch (MOS1) disconnect；
Second switch (MOS2) has a switching channels, a control terminal, when the electricity of the control of second switch (MOS2)
Put down for high level when second switch (MOS2) switching channels connect, when the level controlled of second switch (MOS2) is low electricity
Usually the switching channels of second switch (MOS2) disconnect；
One end of first resistor (R1) is connected with the first tie point (Q), and the other end of first resistor (R1) is opened via first
The switching channels of pass are connected to the second diode (D2) positive pole；
One end of second resistance (R2) is connected with the positive pole of the second diode (D2), the other end of second resistance (R2) with
Second tie point (P) is connected；
One end of 3rd resistor (R3) is connected with the second tie point (P), and the other end of 3rd resistor (R3) is via the 4th electricity
Resistance (R4) is connected with power supply place (GND9), and 3rd resistor (R3) is connected via the 4th resistance (R4) with power supply place (GND9)
End be connected to No. one node (P1) via the switching channels of second switch (MOS2)；
The negative pole of second diode (D2) is connected with the positive pole of the 3rd diode (D3)；
The negative pole of 3rd diode (D3) is connected with No. one node (P1)；
One end of first electric capacity (C1) is connected with the negative pole of the second diode (D2), the other end of the first electric capacity (C1) with
No. zero node (P0) is connected；
The control terminal of first switch (MOS1) is connected with No. zero node (P0)；
The control terminal of second switch (MOS2) is connected with No. one node (P1)；
Conductor plates (120) are connected with the second tie point (P)；
This capacitance measurement circuit module, use can be infinitely superimposed during application, can selecting module according to the actual requirements
Quantity and density select range and precision, and without redesigning, easy to use, scalability is strong, and adaptability is good.
8th, a kind of liquid level detection circuit, it is characterised in that：With more than two capacitance measurement circuit modules, monolithic
Machine (PIC12F510)；The first tie point (Q) of each capacitance measurement circuit module and other capacitance measurement circuit module
Second tie point (P) is connected, the second tie point (P) of each capacitance measurement circuit module and other capacitance measurement circuit mould
The first tie point (Q) of block is connected, and all capacitance measurement circuit module compositions are linked as closure loop chain or non-closed chain；
All capacitance measurement circuit modules all have following feature, it is assumed that the second tie point (P) of capacitance measurement circuit modules A and electricity
Capacitance measuring circuits module B the first tie point (Q) is connected, then No. zero node (P0) of capacitance measurement circuit modules A and electric capacity
Measuring circuit module B No. one node (P1) is connected, and what the two connected nodes were connected to single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510) can
Be arranged to AD sampling configurations and it can be arranged on IO output modes pin；
Capacitance measurement circuit module has following technical characteristic：
Including first resistor (R1), second resistance (R2), 3rd resistor (R3), the 4th resistance (R4), power supply place
(GND9), the second diode (D2), the 3rd diode (D3), conductor plates (120), the first electric capacity (C1), first switch
(MOS1), second switch (MOS2), No. zero node (P0), No. one node (P1), the first tie point (Q), the second tie point (P)；
First switch (MOS1) has a switching channels, a control terminal, when the electricity of the control of first switch (MOS1)
Put down for low level when first switch (MOS1) switching channels connect, when the level controlled of first switch (MOS1) is high electricity
Usually the switching channels of first switch (MOS1) disconnect；
Second switch (MOS2) has a switching channels, a control terminal, when the electricity of the control of second switch (MOS2)
Put down for high level when second switch (MOS2) switching channels connect, when the level controlled of second switch (MOS2) is low electricity
Usually the switching channels of second switch (MOS2) disconnect；
One end of first resistor (R1) is connected with the first tie point (Q), and the other end of first resistor (R1) is opened via first
The switching channels of pass are connected to the second diode (D2) positive pole；
One end of second resistance (R2) is connected with the positive pole of the second diode (D2), the other end of second resistance (R2) with
Second tie point (P) is connected；
One end of 3rd resistor (R3) is connected with the second tie point (P), and the other end of 3rd resistor (R3) is via the 4th electricity
Resistance (R4) is connected with power supply place (GND9), and 3rd resistor (R3) is connected via the 4th resistance (R4) with power supply place (GND9)
End be connected to No. one node (P1) via the switching channels of second switch (MOS2)；
The negative pole of second diode (D2) is connected with the positive pole of the 3rd diode (D3)；
The negative pole of 3rd diode (D3) is connected with No. one node (P1)；
One end of first electric capacity (C1) is connected with the negative pole of the second diode (D2), the other end of the first electric capacity (C1) with
No. zero node (P0) is connected；
The control terminal of first switch (MOS1) is connected with No. zero node (P0)；
The control terminal of second switch (MOS2) is connected with No. one node (P1)；
Conductor plates (120) are connected with the second tie point (P)；
There is SCM program in single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510), SCM program can complete for detect liquid level as
Lower method and step：
Step 1, choose the tested connected capacitance measurement circuit module pair of the needs being connected, it is assumed that they are capacitance measurements
Circuit module A and capacitance measurement circuit module B, capacitance measurement circuit modules A and capacitance measurement circuit module B meet that " electric capacity is surveyed
Amount circuit module A the second tie point (P) is connected with capacitance measurement circuit module B the first tie point (Q) " condition；
Step 2, by with capacitance measurement circuit modules A No. zero node (P0), No. one of capacitance measurement circuit module B section
Point (P1) be connected single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510) can be arranged to AD sampling configurations and can be arranged to IO output modes draw
Pin is arranged to high level output pattern；The switch on and off of the first switch (MOS1) of capacitance measurement circuit modules A is disconnected, then
Capacitance measurement circuit modules A will not be by the capacitance measurement circuit module of the first tie point with capacitance measurement circuit modules A
Influence；The switch on and off of the second switch (MOS2) of capacitance measurement circuit modules A is switched on；The of capacitance measurement circuit module B
The current channel of three diodes (D3) is blocked by high level；If there is first tie point (Q) and capacitance measurement circuit
The connected capacitance measurement circuit module C of module B the second tie point (P), then also need to the zero of capacitance measurement circuit module C
Number node (P0) is arranged to low level output pattern, and capacitance measurement circuit module C, capacitance measurement circuit module B are same electric capacity
Measuring circuit module；
Step 3, drawing single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510) that No. one node (P1) with capacitance measurement circuit module B is connected
Pin is arranged to low level output pattern；
Step 4, single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510) that is connected from No. one node (P1) with capacitance measurement circuit modules A draw
Pin output pwm signal makes pwm signal continue the period of a regular length as test signal, and now pwm signal can be right
Sampling capacitance (C1) charges；Pwm signal can be to the conductor of the speed that sampling capacitance (C1) charges and capacitance measurement circuit modules A
Pole plate (120), capacitance measurement circuit module B conductor plates (120) between capacitance it is related；Capacitance measurement circuit modules A
Conductor plates (120), capacitance measurement circuit module B conductor plates (120) between capacitance it is bigger, pwm signal can to sampling
The speed of electric capacity (C1) charging is slower, and the voltage that sampling capacitance (C1) is filled in the period of regular length is lower；Electric capacity is surveyed
The capacitance measured between circuit module A conductor plates (120), capacitance measurement circuit module B conductor plates (120) is smaller, PWM
The speed that signal can charge to sampling capacitance (C1) is faster, and the voltage that sampling capacitance (C1) is filled in the period of regular length is just
It is higher；
The output of pwm signal described in step 5, termination step 4；
Step 6, by with capacitance measurement circuit modules A No. zero node (P0), No. one of capacitance measurement circuit module B section
Point (P1) be connected single-chip microcomputer (PIC12F510) can be arranged to AD sampling configurations and can be arranged to IO output modes draw
Pin is arranged to AD sampling configurations, and carries out AD samplings；
The sampled data that step 7, recording step 6 obtain；
The operation of step 8, repeat step 1-7, until between all connected adjacent capacitance measurement circuit modules pair
Electric capacity was all tested；
Step 9, the capacitance difference measured by the step 1-8 each capacitance measurement circuit modules obtained, calculate liquid
The position of position (150)；Be worth those of ordinary skill in the art it is noted that each adjacent capacitance measurement circuit module to it
Between height span be probably it is inconsistent, such as the conductor plates (120) of the capacitance measurement circuit module of extreme higher position with most
The conductor plates (120) of the capacitance measurement circuit module of lower position can be adjacent from the point of view of angle is electrically connected but physics
Its height span is different from the point of view of dimension angle；
Step 10, No. one node (P1) of all capacitance measurement circuit modules is both configured to low level output pattern, it is right
Sampling capacitance C1 is discharged, and preparation is tested next time.
9th, a kind of Intelligent internet of things water heater, it is characterised in that：With described in any technology contents in technology contents 1-8
The all technical characteristic of technical scheme, also it is connectable to internet with communication module and liquid level information can be made on the internet
Transmission.
10th, a kind of intelligent home device, it is characterised in that：With the skill described in any technology contents in technology contents 1-8
The all technical characteristic of art scheme, also it is connectable to internet with communication module and liquid level information can be made to pass on the internet
Send.
Technology contents illustrate and its advantage.
Cost of the present invention is cheap, using it is flexible, service life is long, reliable and stable.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic diagram of embodiment 1.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the schematic diagram of embodiment 2.
Such as the schematic diagram that Fig. 3 is embodiment 3.
Such as the schematic diagram that Fig. 4 is embodiment 5, label 20 is capacitance measurement circuit module in figure.
Such as the schematic diagram that Fig. 5 is embodiment 6, label 200,201,202,203 is capacitance measurement circuit module in figure.
Such as the schematic diagram that Fig. 6 is embodiment 9, label 201,202,203 is capacitance measurement circuit module in figure.
Example is embodied
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be described.
Embodiment 1, as shown in figure 1, a kind of capacitance measurement circuit, it is characterised in that：Including first resistor R1, second
Resistance R2,3rd resistor R3, the 4th resistance R4, the first test point ca1, the second test point ca2, power supply point VCC9, power supply place
GND9, sampling diode D1, sampled point Q, sampling capacitance C1, sampling tie point P1, single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510, test signal are opened
Close MOS1, test signal control point P1；
Test signal switch MOS1 has a switching channels, a control terminal, control test signal switch MOS1 control
The level at end processed can realize disconnection and the UNICOM of switching channels, test signal switch MOS1 control terminal and test signal control
System point P1 is connected；
Test signal control point P1 is connected with a single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 IO pin；
First resistor R1 one end is connected with the first test point ca1, and the first resistor R1 other end is opened via test signal
The switching channels for closing MOS1 are connected to power supply point VCC9；
Second resistance R2 one end is connected with the first test point ca1；
3rd resistor R3 one end is connected with the second test point ca2；
4th resistance R4 one end is connected with the second test point ca2, the 4th resistance the R4 other end and power supply place GND9
It is connected；
3rd resistor R3 is not connected with the second test point ca2 ends being connected and second resistance R2 with the first test point ca1
End be connected；
3rd resistor R3, second resistance R2 points of common connection are connected with sampling diode D1 positive pole；
Sampling diode D1 negative pole is connected with sampled point Q；
Sampling capacitance C1 one end is connected with sampled point Q, and the sampling capacitance C1 other end is connected with power supply place GND9；
Sampling tie point P1 is connected with sampled point Q；
Sampling tie point P1 is connected with a single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 pin that may be configured as AD sampling configurations, so that
Single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 can gather the sampled point Q i.e. magnitude of voltage of sampling capacitance C1 charging end；
It is that one of sampling tie point P1 and single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 can be arranged to high impedance mode and IO can be arranged to
The pin of output mode is connected, and single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 can have what excretion sampled point Q electric charge was prepared for new test
Ability；When single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 this can be arranged to high impedance mode and can be arranged to the pin of IO output modes
When being arranged to high impedance mode, single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 this can be arranged to high impedance mode and can be arranged to IO outputs
The pin of pattern does not interfere with sampled point Q magnitude of voltage；When this of single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 can be arranged to high impedance mode
And the pin that IO output modes can be arranged to be arranged to IO output modes and output low level when, single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 can
Think that new test is prepared to play a part of draining sampled point Q electric charge reduction sampled point Q magnitudes of voltage；
Single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 supply pin VDD is connected with power supply point VCC9, single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 grounding leg
VSS is connected with power supply place GND9；
High level, low level can be exported with the test signal control point P1 single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 being connected IO pin, with
The break-make control of test signal switch MOS1 switching channels is realized, and the PWM test signals for testing capacitor can be formed；
The present invention realization be to the test philosophy of testing capacitance CS capacitance：The application in the test present invention of the present invention
During object testing capacitance CS, testing capacitance CS both ends are connected with the first test point ca1, the second test point ca2 respectively, due to surveying
Trial signal is pwm signal, and testing capacitance for pwm signal there is effective impedance can be considered as equivalent resistance, for same
Test signal for different capacitances testing capacitance equivalent resistance it is different, the testing capacitance CS of different capacitances can cause first
Pressure drop between test point ca1, the second test point ca2 is different, so as to cause sampling capacitance C1 in the equal unit interval to be filled
Magnitude of voltage it is different, those of ordinary skill in the art can be charged according to testing capacitance value CS and sampling capacitance C1 in the unit interval
The corresponding relation of pressure value, the charged pressure values of sampling capacitance C1 calculate testing capacitance CS capacitance in the unit interval, and the present invention should
Used time should appropriately control the testing time to avoid sampling capacitance C1 from being completely filled in as far as possible.
Also include SCM program；SCM program burning is in single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510.
Described single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 part pin both may be configured as the pin of AD sampling configurations or can be arranged to
IO input patterns can also be arranged to IO output modes.
Embodiment 2, as shown in Fig. 2 a kind of liquid level detection circuit, it is characterised in that：With described in embodiment 1
Technical scheme, also with the first pole plate 121, the second pole plate 120；First test point of the first pole plate 121 and capacitance measurement circuit
Ca1 is connected；Second pole plate 120 is connected with the second test point ca2 of capacitance measurement circuit；First pole plate 121, the second pole plate 120
It is made using the good conductor of electricity.
Embodiment 3, as shown in figure 3, a kind of application method of liquid level detection circuit as described in embodiment 2, it is special
Sign is：First pole plate 121, the second pole plate 120 are attached on the outer wall of insulating vessel 140 respectively, the first pole plate 121, the second pole
Plate 120 is that the first pole plate 121, the second pole plate 120 are the arrangement longitudinally staggered without contour point in lengthwise position.
The application method of embodiment 4, a kind of liquid level detection circuit as described in embodiment 3, it is characterised in that：To be more
The longitudinal arrangement that the first pole plate 121, the second pole plate 120 of the individual liquid level detection circuit as described in embodiment 2 are paired is insulating
On the different height position of the outer wall of container 140, and by the single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 of each liquid level detection circuit with reference to known in often
Same single-chip microcomputer is merged into knowledge, judges the position of liquid level 150 according to the difference in size of the capacitance of the paired pole plate of each group；Positioned at liquid level
Capacitance very little between the paired pole plate of each group of 150 tops, single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 are higher in the voltage that sampled point Q is collected；
Capacitance between the paired pole plate of each group of the lower section of liquid level 150 is larger, and single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 collects in sampled point Q
Voltage is relatively low；Testing result is not easily susceptible to temperature drift, the influence of component ageing, and testing result is reliable and stable.
Embodiment 5, as shown in figure 4, a kind of capacitance measurement circuit module, it is characterised in that：Including first resistor R1,
Two resistance R2,3rd resistor R3, the 4th resistance R4, power supply place GND9, the second diode D2, the 3rd diode D3, conductor pole
Plate 120, the first electric capacity C1, first switch MOS1, second switch MOS2, No. zero node P0, No. one node P1, the first tie point Q,
Second tie point P；
First switch MOS1 has a switching channels, a control terminal, when the first switch MOS1 level controlled is
First switch MOS1 switching channels are connected during low level, and when the first switch MOS1 level controlled is high level, first opens
The switching channels for closing MOS1 disconnect；
Second switch MOS2 has a switching channels, a control terminal, when the second switch MOS2 level controlled is
Second switch MOS2 switching channels are connected during high level, and when the second switch MOS2 level controlled is low level, second opens
The switching channels for closing MOS2 disconnect；
First resistor R1 one end is connected with the first tie point Q, the first resistor R1 other end opening via first switch
Close the positive pole that passage is connected to the second diode D2；
Second resistance R2 one end is connected with the second diode D2 positive pole, and the second resistance R2 other end is connected with second
Point P is connected；
3rd resistor R3 one end is connected with the second tie point P, the 3rd resistor R3 other end via the 4th resistance R4 with
Power supply place GND9 is connected, and 3rd resistor R3's opens via the 4th resistance R4 with the power supply place GND9 ends being connected via second
The switching channels for closing MOS2 are connected to No. one node P1；
Second diode D2 negative pole is connected with the 3rd diode D3 positive pole；
3rd diode D3 negative pole is connected with No. one node P1；
First electric capacity C1 one end is connected with the second diode D2 negative pole, the first electric capacity C1 other end and No. zero node
P0 is connected；
First switch MOS1 control terminal is connected with No. zero node P0；
Second switch MOS2 control terminal is connected with No. one node P1；
Conductor plates 120 are connected with the second tie point P；
This capacitance measurement circuit module, use can be infinitely superimposed during application, can selecting module according to the actual requirements
Quantity and density select range and precision, and without redesigning, easy to use, scalability is strong, and adaptability is good.
Embodiment 6, as shown in figure 5, a kind of liquid level detect circuit, it is characterised in that：With more than two electricity
Capacitance measuring circuits module, single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510；The the first tie point Q and other electricity of each capacitance measurement circuit module
Second tie point P of capacitance measuring circuits module is connected, the second tie point P of each capacitance measurement circuit module and other electricity
First tie point Q of capacitance measuring circuits module is connected, and all capacitance measurement circuit module compositions are linked as non-closed chain；
All capacitance measurement circuit modules all have following feature, it is assumed that the second tie point P and electric capacity of capacitance measurement circuit modules A
Measuring circuit module B the first tie point Q is connected, then No. zero node P0 of capacitance measurement circuit modules A and capacitance measurement electricity
Road module B No. one node P1 is connected, and the AD that can be arranged to that the two connected nodes are connected to single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 is adopted
Original mold formula and can be arranged on IO output modes pin；
Capacitance measurement circuit module has following technical characteristic：
Including first resistor R1, second resistance R2,3rd resistor R3, the 4th resistance R4, power supply place GND9, the two or two pole
Pipe D2, the 3rd diode D3, conductor plates 120, the first electric capacity C1, first switch MOS1, second switch MOS2, No. zero node
P0, No. one node P1, the first tie point Q, the second tie point P；
First switch MOS1 has a switching channels, a control terminal, when the first switch MOS1 level controlled is
First switch MOS1 switching channels are connected during low level, and when the first switch MOS1 level controlled is high level, first opens
The switching channels for closing MOS1 disconnect；
Second switch MOS2 has a switching channels, a control terminal, when the second switch MOS2 level controlled is
Second switch MOS2 switching channels are connected during high level, and when the second switch MOS2 level controlled is low level, second opens
The switching channels for closing MOS2 disconnect；
First resistor R1 one end is connected with the first tie point Q, the first resistor R1 other end opening via first switch
Close the positive pole that passage is connected to the second diode D2；
Second resistance R2 one end is connected with the second diode D2 positive pole, and the second resistance R2 other end is connected with second
Point P is connected；
3rd resistor R3 one end is connected with the second tie point P, the 3rd resistor R3 other end via the 4th resistance R4 with
Power supply place GND9 is connected, and 3rd resistor R3's opens via the 4th resistance R4 with the power supply place GND9 ends being connected via second
The switching channels for closing MOS2 are connected to No. one node P1；
Second diode D2 negative pole is connected with the 3rd diode D3 positive pole；
3rd diode D3 negative pole is connected with No. one node P1；
First electric capacity C1 one end is connected with the second diode D2 negative pole, the first electric capacity C1 other end and No. zero node
P0 is connected；
First switch MOS1 control terminal is connected with No. zero node P0；
Second switch MOS2 control terminal is connected with No. one node P1；
Conductor plates 120 are connected with the second tie point P；
There is SCM program, SCM program can be completed for detecting the as follows of liquid level in single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510
Method and step：
Step 1, choose the tested connected capacitance measurement circuit module pair of the needs being connected, it is assumed that they are capacitance measurements
Circuit module A and capacitance measurement circuit module B, capacitance measurement circuit modules A and capacitance measurement circuit module B meet that " electric capacity is surveyed
Amount circuit module A the second tie point P and capacitance measurement circuit module B the first tie point Q are connected " condition；
Step 2, by No. one node P1 with capacitance measurement circuit modules A No. zero node P0, capacitance measurement circuit module B
Connected single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 pin that is being arranged to AD sampling configurations and being arranged to IO output modes is set
For high level output pattern；The first switch MOS1 of capacitance measurement circuit modules A switch on and off is disconnected, then electric capacity is surveyed
Amount circuit module A will not be influenceed by the capacitance measurement circuit module of the first tie point with capacitance measurement circuit modules A；Electricity
The second switch MOS2 of capacitance measuring circuits modules A switch on and off is switched on；Capacitance measurement circuit module B the 3rd diode D3
Current channel blocked by high level；It is connected if there is a first tie point Q with the second of capacitance measurement circuit module B
Capacitance measurement circuit module C connected point P, then also need to capacitance measurement circuit module C No. zero node P0 being arranged to low
Level output mode, capacitance measurement circuit module C, capacitance measurement circuit module B can be same capacitance measurement circuit modules；
Step 3, the single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 of No. one node P0 with capacitance measurement circuit module B pin is arranged to
Low level output pattern；
It is step 4, defeated from the single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 being connected of No. one node P1 with capacitance measurement circuit modules A pin
Go out pwm signal as test signal, and pwm signal is continued the period of a regular length, now pwm signal can be to sampling
Electric capacity C1 charges；Pwm signal can be to conductor plates 120 of the speed that sampling capacitance C1 charges with capacitance measurement circuit modules A, electricity
Capacitance between capacitance measuring circuits module B conductor plates 120 is related；Conductor plates 120, the electricity of capacitance measurement circuit modules A
Capacitance between capacitance measuring circuits module B conductor plates 120 is bigger, and pwm signal can be got over to the sampling capacitance C1 speed to charge
Slowly, the voltage that sampling capacitance C1 is filled in the period of regular length is lower；The conductor plates of capacitance measurement circuit modules A
120th, the capacitance between capacitance measurement circuit module B conductor plates 120 is smaller, and PWM signals can charge to sampling capacitance C1
Speed is faster, and the voltage that sampling capacitance C1 is filled in the period of regular length is higher；
The output of pwm signal described in step 5, termination step 4；
Step 6, by No. one node P1 with capacitance measurement circuit modules A No. zero node P0, capacitance measurement circuit module B
Connected single-chip microcomputer PIC12F510 pin that is being arranged to AD sampling configurations and being arranged to IO output modes is set
For AD sampling configurations, and carry out AD samplings；
The sampled data that step 7, recording step 6 obtain；
The operation of step 8, repeat step 1-7, until between all connected adjacent capacitance measurement circuit modules pair
Electric capacity was all tested；
Step 9, the capacitance difference measured by the step 1-8 each capacitance measurement circuit modules obtained, calculate liquid
The position of position 150；Be worth those of ordinary skill in the art it is noted that between each adjacent capacitance measurement circuit module pair
Height span be probably inconsistent, such as the conductor plates 120 and lowest order of the capacitance measurement circuit module of extreme higher position
The conductor plates 120 for the capacitance measurement circuit module put can be adjacent from the point of view of angle is electrically connected but physical size angle
Its height span is different from the point of view of degree；
Step 10, No. one node P1 of all capacitance measurement circuit modules is both configured to low level output pattern, to adopting
Sample electric capacity C1 is discharged, and preparation is tested next time.
Embodiment 7, a kind of Intelligent internet of things water heater, it is characterised in that：Implement in fact with any in embodiment 1-6
The all technical characteristic of technical scheme described in example, is also connectable to internet with communication module and liquid level information can be made to exist
Transmitted on internet.
Embodiment 8, a kind of intelligent home device, it is characterised in that：With any embodiment institute in embodiment 1-6
The all technical characteristic for the technical scheme stated, also it is connectable to internet with communication module and can interconnecting liquid level information
Online transmission.
Embodiment 9, as shown in fig. 6, ' all capacitance measurement circuit modules ' structure in Fig. 6 unlike embodiment 6
Into the ring-type link of a closure.
The unknown place of this explanation is prior art or common knowledge, therefore is not repeated.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. capacitance measurement circuit, it is characterised in that：Including first resistor, second resistance, 3rd resistor, the 4th resistance, One test point, the second test point, power supply point, power supply place, sampling diode, sampled point, sampling capacitance, sampling tie point, list Piece machine, test signal switch, test signal control point；For test signal switch with a switching channels, a control terminal, the level of the control terminal of control test signal switch can To realize the disconnection of switching channels and UNICOM, the control terminal of test signal switch is connected with test signal control point；Test signal control point is connected with an IO pin of single-chip microcomputer；One end of first resistor is connected with the first test point, the switching channels that the other end of first resistor switchs via test signal It is connected to power supply point；One end of second resistance is connected with the first test point；One end of 3rd resistor is connected with the second test point；One end of 4th resistance is connected with the second test point, and the other end of the 4th resistance is connected with power supply place；The end that the end and second resistance that 3rd resistor is not connected with the second test point are not connected with the first test point is connected；3rd resistor, the points of common connection of second resistance are connected with sampling the positive pole of diode；The negative pole of sampling diode is connected with sampled point；One end of sampling capacitance is connected with sampled point, and the other end of sampling capacitance is connected with power supply place；Sampling tie point is connected with sampled point；Sampling tie point is connected with a pin that may be configured as AD sampling configurations of single-chip microcomputer, so that single-chip microcomputer can gather Sampling point is the magnitude of voltage of the charging end of sampling capacitance；It is that sampling tie point and one of single-chip microcomputer can be arranged to high impedance mode and the pin of IO output modes can be arranged to It is connected, single-chip microcomputer there can be the ability that the electric charge of excretion sampled point is prepared for new test；When this of single-chip microcomputer can Be arranged to high impedance mode and when can be arranged to the pin of IO output modes and being arranged to high impedance mode, this of single-chip microcomputer can Be arranged to high impedance mode and it can be arranged to the magnitude of voltage that the pin of IO output modes does not interfere with sampled point；When single-chip microcomputer It is that this can be arranged to high impedance mode and can be arranged to that the pin of IO output modes is arranged to IO output modes and output is low During level, the electric charge reduction sample amplitude when reproduced value that single-chip microcomputer can play a part of draining sampled point thinks that standard is done in new test It is standby；The supply pin of single-chip microcomputer is connected with power supply point, and the grounding leg of single-chip microcomputer is connected with power supply place；The IO pin for the single-chip microcomputer being connected with test signal control point can export high level, low level, to realize that test signal is opened The break-make control of the switching channels of pass, and the PWM test signals for testing capacitor can be formed；Realize is to the test philosophy of the capacitance of testing capacitance：When testing application testing capacitance, the both ends of testing capacitance It is connected respectively with the first test point, the second test point, because test signal is pwm signal, testing capacitance is for pwm signal Equivalent resistance can be considered as with effective impedance, the equivalent electric of the testing capacitance of different capacitances for same test signal Resistance is different, and the testing capacitance of different capacitances can cause the pressure drop between the first test point, the second test point different, same so as to cause Deng unit interval in the charged pressure value of sampling capacitance it is different, according to the capacitance of testing capacitance and sampling capacitance in the unit interval The corresponding relation of charged pressure value, the charged pressure value of sampling capacitance calculates the capacitance of testing capacitance in the unit interval, during application The testing time should be appropriately controlled to avoid sampling capacitance from being completely filled in as far as possible.
- A kind of 2. capacitance measurement circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include SCM program；Single-chip microcomputer journey Sequence replication is in single-chip microcomputer.
- A kind of 3. capacitance measurement circuit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The part pin of described single-chip microcomputer both may be used It is arranged to the pin of AD sampling configurations and can also be arranged to IO input patterns can be also arranged to IO output modes.
- A kind of 4. liquid level detection circuit, it is characterised in that：With a kind of electric capacity described in any claim in claim 1-3 Measuring circuit, also with the first pole plate (121), the second pole plate；First test point of the first pole plate (121) and capacitance measurement circuit It is connected；Second pole plate is connected with the second test point of capacitance measurement circuit；First pole plate (121), the second pole plate are using electricity Good conductor is made.
- A kind of a kind of 5. application method of liquid level detection circuit as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that：By multiple such as right It is required that the paired longitudinal arrangement of the first pole plate (121), the second pole plate of the liquid level detection circuit described in 4 is in insulating vessel (140) Outer wall different height position on, and the single-chip microcomputer of each liquid level detection circuit is merged into same single-chip microcomputer, according to each group The difference in size of the capacitance of paired pole plate judges liquid level (150) position；The paired pole plate of each group above liquid level (150) it Between capacitance very little, single-chip microcomputer is higher in the voltage that sampled point collects；The paired pole plate of each group below liquid level (150) it Between capacitance it is larger, single-chip microcomputer is relatively low in the voltage that sampled point collects.
- 6. a kind of liquid level detects circuit, it is characterised in that：With more than two capacitance measurement circuit modules, single-chip microcomputer； First tie point of each capacitance measurement circuit module is connected with second tie point of other capacitance measurement circuit module, often Second tie point of individual capacitance measurement circuit module is connected with first tie point of other capacitance measurement circuit module, owns Capacitance measurement circuit module composition be linked as close loop chain or non-closed chain；All capacitance measurement circuit modules all have There is following feature, it is assumed that the first tie point phase of the second tie point of capacitance measurement circuit modules A and capacitance measurement circuit module B Even, then No. zero node of capacitance measurement circuit modules A is connected with capacitance measurement circuit module B No. one node, the two phases Node even is connected to the being arranged to AD sampling configurations of single-chip microcomputer and can be arranged to IO output modes pin On；Capacitance measurement circuit module has following technical characteristic：Including first resistor, second resistance, 3rd resistor, the 4th resistance, power supply place, the second diode, the 3rd diode, lead Body pole plate, the first electric capacity, first switch, second switch, No. zero node, No. one node, the first tie point, the second tie point；First switch has a switching channels, a control terminal, when the level controlled of first switch is low level first The switching channels of switch are connected, and when the level controlled of first switch is high level, the switching channels of first switch disconnect；Second switch has a switching channels, a control terminal, when the level controlled of second switch is high level second The switching channels of switch are connected, and when the level controlled of second switch is low level, the switching channels of second switch disconnect；One end of first resistor is connected with the first tie point, and the other end of first resistor connects via the switching channels of first switch To the positive pole of the second diode；One end of second resistance is connected with the positive pole of the second diode, and the other end of second resistance is connected with the second tie point；One end of 3rd resistor is connected with the second tie point, and the other end of 3rd resistor is via the 4th resistance and power supply place phase Even, 3rd resistor is connected to No. one section with the end that power supply place is connected via the 4th resistance via the switching channels of second switch Point；The negative pole of second diode is connected with the positive pole of the 3rd diode；The negative pole of 3rd diode is connected with No. one node；One end of first electric capacity is connected with the negative pole of the second diode, and the other end of the first electric capacity is connected with No. zero node；The control terminal of first switch is connected with No. zero node；The control terminal of second switch is connected with No. one node；Conductor plates are connected with the second tie point；There is SCM program, SCM program can complete the following method and step for detecting liquid level in single-chip microcomputer：Step 1, choose the tested connected capacitance measurement circuit module pair of the needs being connected, it is assumed that they are capacitance measurement circuits Modules A and capacitance measurement circuit module B, capacitance measurement circuit modules A and capacitance measurement circuit module B meet " capacitance measurement electricity Second tie point of road modules A is connected with capacitance measurement circuit module B the first tie point " condition；Step 2, be connected No. one node with capacitance measurement circuit modules A No. zero node, capacitance measurement circuit module B monolithic Machine being arranged to AD sampling configurations and the pin of IO output modes can be arranged to it is arranged to high level output pattern；Electricity The switch on and off of the first switch of capacitance measuring circuits modules A is disconnected, then capacitance measurement circuit modules A will not by with electric capacity The influence of the capacitance measurement circuit module of first tie point of measuring circuit modules A；The second switch of capacitance measurement circuit modules A Switch on and off be switched on；The current channel of capacitance measurement circuit module B the 3rd diode is blocked by high level；If deposit In the capacitance measurement circuit module C that first tie point is connected with capacitance measurement circuit module B the second tie point, then also Need capacitance measurement circuit module C No. zero node being arranged to low level output pattern, capacitance measurement circuit module C, electric capacity Measuring circuit module B is same capacitance measurement circuit module；Step 3, the pin for the single-chip microcomputer that No. one node with capacitance measurement circuit module B is connected is arranged to low level output mould Formula；Step 4, the pin output pwm signal for the single-chip microcomputer being connected from No. one node with capacitance measurement circuit modules A are as survey Trial signal, and pwm signal is continued period of a regular length, now pwm signal can charge to sampling capacitance；PWM believes Conductor plates, the capacitance measurement circuit module B conductor of number speed and the capacitance measurement circuit modules A that sampling capacitance can be charged Capacitance between pole plate is related；The conductor plates of capacitance measurement circuit modules A, capacitance measurement circuit module B conductor plates it Between capacitance it is bigger, pwm signal can to sampling capacitance charge speed it is slower, sampling capacitance is filled in the period of regular length Voltage it is lower；Appearance between the conductor plates of capacitance measurement circuit modules A, capacitance measurement circuit module B conductor plates Be worth it is smaller, pwm signal can to sampling capacitance charge speed it is faster, the voltage that sampling capacitance is filled in the period of regular length It is higher；The output of pwm signal described in step 5, termination step 4；Step 6, be connected No. one node with capacitance measurement circuit modules A No. zero node, capacitance measurement circuit module B monolithic Machine being arranged to AD sampling configurations and the pin of IO output modes can be arranged to it is arranged to AD sampling configurations, and carries out AD is sampled；The sampled data that step 7, recording step 6 obtain；The operation of step 8, repeat step 1-7, the electric capacity between all connected adjacent capacitance measurement circuit modules pair All it was tested；Step 9, the capacitance difference measured by the step 1-8 each capacitance measurement circuit modules obtained, calculate liquid level (150) position；Step 10, No. one node of all capacitance measurement circuit modules is both configured to low level output pattern, to sampling capacitance Discharged, preparation is tested next time.
- A kind of 7. Intelligent internet of things water heater, it is characterised in that：With a kind of capacitance measurement circuit described in claim 1, go back Internet is connectable to communication module and liquid level information can be made to transmit on the internet.
- A kind of 8. intelligent home device, it is characterised in that：With a kind of capacitance measurement circuit described in claim 1, also have Communication module is connectable to internet and liquid level information can be made to transmit on the internet.
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| CN105591438B (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2018-02-27 | 江苏师范大学 | Micro-power battery pack and micro photovoltaic inverter device with safety control |
| CN105591441B (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2018-02-27 | 江苏师范大学 | Battery pack and photovoltaic power grid power optimizer based on battery management |
| CN105591437B (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2018-02-27 | 江苏师范大学 | It can be used in the battery pack of intelligent micro-grid, photovoltaic DC-to-AC converter, photovoltaic power network power optimization device |
| CN105875383B (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2019-07-30 | 唐山市盛川农产品股份有限公司 | Plant cultivation floating body, vegetable cultivation, plant treatment sewage Environmental Protection System |
| CN105958619B (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2018-10-16 | 江苏师范大学 | Using H atom and O atom as the energy-storage system of energy-accumulating medium, new energy power grid energy-storage system, two-way inverter |
| CN110132320B (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2021-09-14 | 成都祥民科技发展有限责任公司 | Method for monitoring capacitance change of capacitive sensor |
| CN110702189A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-01-17 | 威睿电动汽车技术(宁波)有限公司 | Liquid level detection device |
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