CN105244397A - Anti-haze solar cell and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

An anti-fog and haze solar cell, which consists of a three-layer structure stacked in sequence; the side receiving sunlight is a front sheet layer, the middle is a solar battery sheet, and the bottom layer is a back sheet layer; wherein, the front sheet layer is composed of a front sheet substrate layer and the front plate film layer covering the outer surface of the front plate matrix layer; the back plate layer is composed of the back plate base layer and the back plate film layer covering the outer surface of the substrate layer of the back plate; the front plate base layer, the back plate The base layer is a transparent film layer; the front film layer and the back film layer are both nano titanium dioxide layers. Due to the good water resistance and environmental protection of the front and rear layers of the anti-fog solar cell, and the use of nano-titanium dioxide photocatalysis, the impact of pollutants on the solar cell is greatly eliminated, and the use of sunlight to generate electricity and eliminate Haze effect.

Description

A kind of anti-smog solar cell and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to the field of solar cells, in particular to an anti-smog solar cell and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Due to the emission of petrochemical energy consumption and the impact of various pollutants on the atmosphere, the frequency of smog weather phenomenon is getting higher and higher, and the harm to human society is becoming more and more serious. The use of clean, pollution-free and inexhaustible solar power can reduce the dependence on traditional fossil energy, reduce the emission of polluted air, and thus reduce the generation of smog. However, in hazy weather, most of the sunlight will be absorbed or scattered by tiny particles in the air, resulting in less sunlight reaching the solar cells, which greatly reduces the efficiency of solar cells and hinders the development of solar cells. Promote apps. Therefore, how to solve this problem is a difficult problem for researchers.

Experimental research shows that nitrogen oxides, toluene, formaldehyde, xylene and other harmful organic substances in the air, bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms in the air are completely decomposed into harmless small molecular gases, such as N ₂ , CO ₂ and H by catalytic degradation. ₂ O, etc., is an effective method for removing haze. Titanium dioxide has become the most potential photocatalyst due to its good chemical stability, wear resistance, low cost, non-toxicity and strong redox ability under ultraviolet or visible light. Although the effect of photocatalytic degradation is obvious, it can only treat the symptoms but not the root cause, and cannot fundamentally completely eliminate the influence of smog on solar cells. According to the actual situation of my country's current development, it is particularly important to find a method that treats both symptoms and root causes and combines prevention and treatment.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the influence of smog on solar cells, and provide a solar cell with good water resistance, environmental protection and high permeability and a preparation method thereof.

The technical scheme of the solar cell used in the present invention is:

An anti-smog solar cell is composed of a three-layer structure stacked in sequence; the side receiving sunlight is a front sheet layer, the middle is a solar battery sheet, and the bottom layer is a back sheet layer; the three-layer structure is laminated and packaged together.

The front plate layer is composed of a front plate matrix layer and a front plate film layer covering the outer surface of the front plate matrix layer; the back plate layer is composed of a back plate matrix layer and a back plate covering the outer surface of the substrate layer The film layer is composed of: the front plate base layer and the back plate base layer are both transparent film layers; the front plate film layer and the back plate film layer are both nano titanium dioxide layers.

The front plate matrix layer and the back plate matrix layer are each made of glass or a transparent film layer formed by mixing nano-bauxite and organic polymer materials.

The organic polymer material is tetrafluoroethylene copolymer or polyethylene terephthalate.

The organic polymer in the base layer of the front plate is tetrafluoroethylene copolymer.

The organic polymer in the base layer of the back plate is polyethylene terephthalate.

The thickness of the front plate layer is 0.1-5mm.

The thickness of the back plate layer is 0.1-5mm.

The solar front panel layer and the solar back panel layer provided by the present invention utilize the synergistic effect between nano-active bauxite, nano-titanium dioxide and solar cell packaging materials, and utilize the photocatalysis of nano-titanium dioxide to catalyze and degrade secondary particles. Polluted harmful gases and PM2.5 particles in the exhaust gas are converted into corresponding carbonates and nitrates, which are better integrated into water, thereby achieving the effect of removing smog; at the same time, the addition of nano-titanium dioxide makes the front of the solar cell The surface of the board layer has a certain suede structure, coupled with the good dispersion and self-cleaning effect of nano-titanium dioxide, it can prevent dust from sticking, improve the optical transmittance of the packaging material, and improve the efficiency of solar cells to a certain extent; Finally, nano-bauxite has strong activity and insulation, and can be well combined with packaging materials to form thermoplastic channels, which increases the heat dissipation effect of packaging materials and improves the performance of solar cells to a certain extent.

The anti-smog solar cell of the present invention, because its front and rear plates have good water resistance and environmental protection, and utilizes the photocatalysis of nano-titanium dioxide to catalyze and degrade the harmful gas that causes secondary particle pollution in automobile exhaust and the harmful gas in automobile exhaust. PM2.5 particulate matter, thus greatly eliminating the impact of pollutants on solar cells, achieving the effect of using sunlight to generate electricity and removing smog. At the same time, the incorporation of nano-titanium dioxide improves the optical transmittance and cleanliness of the front plate layer, and the incorporation of nano-bauxite improves the heat dissipation performance of the packaging material. This invention can improve the conversion efficiency of solar cells in the present There is an increase of 15%-30% on a basis. The prepared anti-smog solar cell expands the sensing range of sunlight, realizes the combined utilization of photocatalysis and photoelectric conversion, and has a good application prospect in the field of solar cells and environmental protection and energy saving.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 is the front plate layer, 1-1 is the front plate base layer, 1-2 is the front plate film layer, 2 is the solar cell, 3 is the back plate layer, 2-1 is the back plate base layer, 2- 2 is the backplane film layer.

detailed description

As shown in FIG. 1 , an anti-smog solar cell according to the present invention is composed of a three-layer structure stacked in sequence. The side receiving sunlight is the front layer 1 , the middle is the solar cell 2 , and the bottom layer is the back layer 3 . Among them, the front plate layer 1 is composed of the front plate base layer 1-1 and the front plate film layer 1-2 covering the outer surface of the front plate base layer 1-1; the back plate layer 3 is composed of the back plate base layer 2-1 and the covering It is composed of the back sheet film layer 2-2 on the outer surface of the substrate layer 2-1. The front plate matrix layer 1-1 and the back plate matrix layer 2-1 are each made of glass or a transparent film layer mixed with nano-bauxite and organic polymer materials, and the main function is to improve the front plate layer 1 and the back plate. The structure of layer 3 acts as an insulation between the solar cell layer 2. At the same time, due to its crystal structure, it forms a mesh shape and generates heat channels, which strengthens the thermal conductivity of the front and rear plates, thereby improving the solar energy to a certain extent. The efficiency of the battery. As an example, tetrafluoroethylene copolymer or polyethylene terephthalate can be used as the organic polymer material. The front plate film layer 1-2 and the back plate film layer 2-2 are all nano-titanium dioxide layers, and their main function is to improve the optical transmittance of the solar cell front plate layer 1, and have photocatalysis and self-cleaning functions simultaneously. It has the effect of removing fog and haze and preventing dust from sticking on the front plate layer 1 and the back plate layer 3, and prevents the influence of fog and dust on solar cells.

The preparation method of the present invention is illustrated below:

1. Making the front layer of the solar cell

According to a certain mass ratio, first mix tetrafluoroethylene copolymer particles and activated bauxite evenly and then heat at a temperature of 300-370°C and stir for 5-20 minutes. During the stirring process, evenly spread nano Titanium dioxide until the surface is evenly covered; finally laminated and stretched into a film to make the front layer. The thickness of the prepared front plate is 0.1-5mm. As an example, the raw material ratio of the front plate layer is: 1 part of nano-titanium dioxide, 1-6 parts of activated bauxite, and 5-10 parts of tetrafluoroethylene copolymer.

2. Make solar cell backplane layer

According to a certain mass ratio, first mix polyethylene terephthalate particles and activated bauxite evenly and then heat at a temperature of 250-300°C, stirring for 10-20min, during the stirring process, the surface layer of the mixture solution Evenly spread nano-titanium dioxide until the surface is evenly covered, and finally laminated and stretched into a film to make the backsheet layer. The thickness of the prepared backplane layer is 0.1-5mm. As an example, the raw material ratio of the back plate layer is: 1 part of nano-titanium dioxide, 1-6 parts of activated bauxite, and 5-10 parts of polyethylene terephthalate.

3. Assembly of solar cells

The back sheet layer, the solar battery sheet and the front sheet layer are stacked and fixed from bottom to top, and then laminated and packaged. The package is the same as the prior art process, and finally the anti-smog solar cell is obtained.

It should be pointed out that the above-mentioned tetrafluoroethylene copolymer is only a special case, and other transparent films with a certain transmittance, waterproof and high temperature resistance, such as PI, all belong to the protection scope of this patent. The above-mentioned polyethylene terephthalate is only a special case, and other waterproof and high-temperature-resistant transparent films all belong to the scope of protection of this patent.

Claims (9)

1. a haze solar cell, is made up of three-decker superimposed successively; It is characterized in that: the one side receiving sunlight is front flaggy (1), and centre is solar battery sheet (2), and bottom is backsheet layer (3); Three-decker laminating packaging together.

2. solar cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described front flaggy (1) is made up of header board base layer (1-1) and the header board thin layer (1-2) that covers header board base layer (1-1) outer surface; Described backsheet layer (3) is made up of by the backboard thin layer (2-2) of board substrate layer (2-1) outer surface backplane substrate layer (2-1) and covering; Described header board base layer (1-1), backplane substrate layer (2-1) are transparent thin film layer; Described header board thin layer (1-2), backboard thin layer (2-2) are nanometer titanium dioxide layer.

3. solar cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described header board base layer (1-1), backplane substrate layer (2-1) are respectively glass or are the transparent thin film layer that nano aluminum alumina and organic polymer material mix.

4. solar cell according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described organic polymer material is TFE copolymer or polyethylene terephthalate.

5. the solar cell according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that: the organic polymer in described header board base layer (1-1) is TFE copolymer.

6. the solar cell according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that: the organic polymer in described backplane substrate layer (2-1) is polyethylene terephthalate.

7. solar cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described front flaggy (1) thickness is 0.1-5mm.

8. solar cell according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described backsheet layer (3) thickness is 0.1-5mm.

9. a preparation method for haze solar cell, the steps include:

Flaggy before step 1, making solar cell

First TFE copolymer particle and activated bauxite are mixed rear heating, temperature is 300-370 DEG C, stir 5-20min, stir process on mixture solution top layer even spreading nano titanium oxide, until surperficial bedding is even; Last lamination is drawn into film and namely makes front flaggy; Prepared header board layer thickness is 0.1-5mm;

The pulp furnish mass parts of described front flaggy is: nano titanium oxide 1 part, activated bauxite 1-6 part, TFE copolymer 5-10 part;

Step 2, making solar cell backboard layer

First PETG particle and activated bauxite are mixed rear heating, temperature is 250-300 DEG C, stir 10-20min, stir process on mixture solution top layer even spreading nano titanium oxide, until surperficial bedding is even, last lamination is drawn into film and namely makes backsheet layer; Prepared backsheet layer thickness is 0.1-5mm;

The pulp furnish mass parts of described backsheet layer is: nano titanium oxide 1 part, activated bauxite 1-6 part, PETG 5-10 part.

Step 3, general assembly solar cell

Stack fixing according to this from the bottom up by backsheet layer, solar battery sheet and front flaggy, then carry out laminating packaging, its encapsulation is identical with the technique of prior art, finally obtains this haze solar cell.