CN105242348B - A kind of twisted fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of twisted fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105242348B
CN105242348B CN201510764573.6A CN201510764573A CN105242348B CN 105242348 B CN105242348 B CN 105242348B CN 201510764573 A CN201510764573 A CN 201510764573A CN 105242348 B CN105242348 B CN 105242348B
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fiber
stress area
covering
belt stress
preform
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CN105242348A (en
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张心贲
曹蓓蓓
郑林
韦会峰
汪洪海
童维军
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Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Co Ltd
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Yangtze Optical Fibre and Cable Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
    • G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
    • G02B6/02342—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by cladding features, i.e. light confining region
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/024—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating with polarisation maintaining properties

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of twisted fiber and preparation method thereof, the twisted fiber is followed successively by fibre core, covering and coat from inside to outside, includes belt stress area in covering, belt stress area contacts with fibre core or do not contacted；The size and thermal coefficient of expansion in belt stress area meet condition | Δ α | × ζ >=0.2.The inventive method includes：Step 1, covering, fibre core are sequentially depositing in bushing pipe, contracting rod burns obtains preform in fact；Before depositing fibre core, covering is doped and obtains belt stress area, belt stress area contacts with fibre core or do not contacted；Step 2, twisted fiber is prepared using preform.The present invention ensure that the guarantor of optical fiber justifies characteristic, improve adaptability of the optical fiber to environmental stress to greatest extent by introducing belt stress area；Also, preparation method of the present invention is simple and reliable.

Description

A kind of twisted fiber and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical fiber, and in particular to a kind of twisted fiber and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Optical fiber is due to good insulating properties, natural anti-electromagnetic interference capability, compactedness and can with low-loss transmit The features such as optical signal, it is widely used in sensing, such as current transformer.Common sensing fiber ring by low birefringent fiber around Ring is formed, wherein the polarised light transmitted is easily by preparation defect (fibre core ovalization, asymmetry stress etc.) and extraneous factor (temperature Degree, bending, vibrations etc.) influence, so as to cause the inaccurate even mistake of test result.What is be widely studied and applied at present is Spin fiber, its principle are on the basis of conventional polarization maintaining optical fibre (i.e. linear polarization keeps optical fiber), are rotated and introduced by axis Circular brief-ringence, ellipse birefringence is cooperatively formed with the linear birefrigence of optical fiber in itself.Can be with when the speed of rotation is sufficiently high It is thought to protect circular fiber, i.e. circular polarization keeps optical fiber.
The basic mode of optical fiber has two polarization states, if their propagation constant is respectively β1And β2, propagation constant is wave number β, β =2 π neff/ λ, neffFor pattern effective refractive index, λ is operation wavelength.The propagation constant of two polarization states in birefringence fiber Difference (β1-β2) larger, i.e. spread speed difference is larger, as propagation distance increases, delay inequality (the i.e. corresponding phase between pattern Difference) it is linearly increasing.The repetition period of composite polarizing state claps long LB=2 π/Δ β, Δ β=β1-β2.It is L per segment lengthB/ 2 rotation Optical fiber can regard one section of long L asB/ 4 birefringence fiber connects another segment length LB/ 4 birefringence fiber, latter section of birefringence fiber Major axes orientation have rotated pi/2 relative to the former.So, the pattern delay of this two sections of optical fiber can be completely counterbalanced by, maximum phase Difference also reduces half.
The degree of rotation of spin fiber can use ξ=2 π/LspunRepresent, mean the anglec of rotation in optical fiber unit length, Unit is rad/m, LspunFor the fiber spinning cycle.The polarization state and birefringent characteristic of spin fiber can be used on Poincar é VectorRepresent (" Spun elliptically birefringent photonic crystal fibre ", Opt.Express, Vol.15, No.4,2007), wherein,LB′Represent that two basic mode polarization states of spin fiber become The cycle of change, and its circle bat long (envelope cycle in other words) isVectorRepresent common polarization-maintaining light It is fine；VectorCircular polarization caused by rotation is represented, coefficient 2 represents the polarization on one week corresponding Poincar é ball of fiber spinning State rotates 4 π, vectorWithDirection is vertical.
The method analysis that the burst that Rotating with Uniform optical fiber can use McIntyre and Snyder to propose is accumulated[1].Tool One section of spin fiber is averagely subdivided into several fragments by body, and the birefringence in each fragment is uniform, and each fragment (removes first Section) main shaft be angularly offset relative to previous fragment main shaft, the change of the light field between fragment is using coupled mode reason By analysis.In the case where not considering residual stress, it is maximum to optical fiber local that different rotary rate ξ/Δ β is calculated in this way Phase difference between patternInfluence, see Fig. 1.When for linear polarization keep optical fiber,When for circular polarization protect Hold optical fiber,When for elliptical polarization keep optical fiber,Smaller, optical fiber keeps optical fiber closer to circular polarization.
According to Fig. 1 it can be seen that twist polarization optical fiber can not realize that guarantor truly justifies characteristic, it, which justifies bat length, is not Infinity, therefore the optimum length of spin fiber should be its macrocyclic integral multiple in application.The B2 of patent US 6721469 and Spiral chirality optical fiber disclosed in the B2 of US 7095911, although its screw pitch in wavelength magnitude, can be considered as certainly round light Fibre, but the circularly polarized light consistent with optical fiber chirality can only be passed through.
One kind is proposed on the symmetrical four stressed zones knot of fiber optic hub in patent CN 1041129C and its series of patents Structure, be characterized in optical fiber without linear polarization polarization property, therefore relatively low specific rotation can be achieved circular polarization and keep effect, and answer The presence in power area can reduce stress sensitivity of the optical fiber to outside.But its preparation process is more complicated to need to prepare four (or three Root) stress rods, and rotation drawing process in need to vacuumize or needs using to burning etch.
It is related to bibliography in text：
[1]Light propagation in twisted anisotropic media:Application to photoreceptors.JOSA,Vol.68,No.2,1978.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, prepare simple the invention provides one kind and can realize that circular polarization keeps work( Twisted fiber of energy and preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
First, a kind of spin fiber, fibre core, covering and coat are followed successively by from inside to outside, belt stress area is included in covering, Belt stress area contacts with fibre core or not contacted；The area and thermal coefficient of expansion in belt stress area meet condition | Δ α | × ζ >= 0.2, wherein,ζ=Ssap/Sfiber, αsapAnd αcladRespectively belt stress area and covering Thermal coefficient of expansion, SsapFor belt stress area cross-sectional area, SfiberFor spin fiber cross-sectional area.
Above-mentioned belt stress area is by being doped acquisition to covering.
2nd, the preparation method of twisted fiber, including step：
Step 1, preform is prepared, is specially：
Covering, fibre core are sequentially depositing in bushing pipe, contracting rod burns obtains preform in fact；Before depositing fibre core, covering is mixed Miscellaneous acquisition belt stress area, belt stress area contacts with fibre core or not contacted；The size and thermal coefficient of expansion in belt stress area expire Foot | Δ α | × ζ >=0.2, wherein,ζ=Ssap/Sfiber, αsapAnd αcladRespectively annular should Power area and the thermal coefficient of expansion of covering, SsapFor belt stress area cross-sectional area, SfiberFor spin fiber cross-sectional area；
Step 2, twisted fiber is prepared, is specially：
Preform is rotated, wire drawing, coating is carried out successively to preform, obtains twisted fiber；Or keep light Fine prefabricated rods do not rotate, and carry out wire drawing, coating successively to preform；Then the post processing mode reversed by heating obtains Twisted fiber.
Preferably, the swing circle of preform is not more than 30mm.
In step 1, can use PCVD (gas ions chemical vapour deposition technique), MCVD (chemical vapour deposition technique of improvement) or FCVD (fluid chemistry vapour deposition process) prepares preform, and covering is doped.
It is embodied as one kind, using B2O3Or GeO2Adulterate covering and obtain belt stress area, now, belt stress area Thermal coefficient of expansion be higher than covering thermal coefficient of expansion.
It is embodied as another kind, using TiO2Adulterate covering and obtain belt stress area, now, the heat in belt stress area The coefficient of expansion is less than the thermal coefficient of expansion of covering.
Compared to the prior art, the invention has the advantages that and beneficial effect：
1st, belt stress area is introduced in optical fiber prefabricating stick cladding, in drawing process, by rotating prefabricated rods along axis Introduce circular brief-ringence so that prepared optical fiber possesses good circular polarization retention performance, while has anti-interference to extraneous stress.
2nd, the present invention can use sedimentation in existing ripe pipe to directly generate belt stress area, and preparation method simply may be used Lean on, reduce production difficulty, improve product quality, and can realize that the circular polarization of optical fiber keeps function.
3rd, spin fiber of the present invention can replace traditional low birefringent fiber in the Application in Sensing such as current transformer, can avoid Traditional low birefringent fiber performance is by preparation defect (for example, fibre core ovalization, asymmetry stress etc.) and extraneous factor (example Such as, temperature, bending, vibrations etc.) etc. influence；Simultaneously as spin fiber of the present invention has relatively low limitation loss (4dB/ Min@1310nm, 2dB/min@1550nm), so as to improve the test result degree of accuracy of the Application in Sensing such as current transformer and can By property.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is different rotary rate ξ/Δ β to optical fiber maximum local mode phase differenceInfluence curve；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of twisted fiber prepared by Examples 1 and 2, and coat is not shown in figure；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of twisted fiber prepared by embodiment 3, and coat is not shown in figure.
In figure, 101- fibre cores, 102- coverings, 103- belt stresses area.
Embodiment
The preparation method of spin fiber of the present invention includes two steps：The preparation of preform and the drawing of preform Silk.The preparation of preform can use PCVD methods, MCVD methods or FCVD methods, first, covering be deposited in bushing pipe；Then, it is right Covering is doped, and doped region is belt stress area, and the size and thermal coefficient of expansion in belt stress area should meet condition | Δ α | ×ζ≥0.2.The size in belt stress area can be adjusted by changing deposition process parameters, the thermal expansion system in belt stress area Number can be adjusted by changing dopant species and doping, the size in belt stress area and the adjustment law of thermal coefficient of expansion It can be obtained by the routine test of limited number of time, therefore not to repeat here.
Above-mentioned, Δ α is the relative thermal expansion coefficient in belt stress area,ζ should for annular The ratio of power area cross-sectional area and spin fiber cross-sectional area, ζ=Ssap/Sfiber；αsapAnd αcladRespectively belt stress area and The thermal coefficient of expansion of covering, SsapFor belt stress area cross-sectional area, SfiberFor spin fiber cross-sectional area.
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.These embodiments are used only as the benefit to the present invention Fill, be not intended to limit protection domain of the presently claimed invention.
Embodiment 1
See Fig. 2, the present embodiment optical fiber is followed successively by fibre core 101, covering 102 and coat, included in covering 102 from inside to outside Belt stress area 103, fibre core 101 and belt stress area 103 do not contact.In the present embodiment, belt stress area is to use B2O3To bag Layer is doped acquisition, and the relative thermal expansion coefficient delta α in gained belt stress area is 300%, its cross-sectional area and twisted fiber The ratio ζ of cross-sectional area is 20%.
The preparation technology of the present embodiment spin fiber is：
Covering is deposited in bushing pipe using PCVD methods, B is adulterated in covering2O3Form belt stress area；Then, in annular Covering, fibre core are sequentially depositing on the inside of stressed zone, contracting rod burns in fact, obtains preform.Rotate preform, to predispersed fiber Rod processed carries out wire drawing, coating successively, and torsion is cured in optical fiber, obtains spin fiber.
Embodiment 2
See Fig. 2, the present embodiment optical fiber is followed successively by fibre core 101, covering 102 and coat, included in covering 102 from inside to outside Belt stress area 103, fibre core 101 and belt stress area 103 do not contact.In the present embodiment, belt stress area is to use GeO2It is right Covering is doped acquisition, and the relative thermal expansion coefficient delta α in gained belt stress area is 200%, its cross-sectional area and rotation light The ratio ζ of fine cross-sectional area is 25%.
The preparation technology of the present embodiment spin fiber is：
Covering is deposited in bushing pipe using PCVD methods, GeO is adulterated in covering2Form belt stress area；Then, in annular Covering, fibre core are sequentially depositing on the inside of stressed zone, contracting rod burns in fact, obtains preform.Preform is kept not rotate, to light Fine prefabricated rods carry out wire drawing successively, coating obtains optical fiber.The coat of optical fiber is peelled off, will by heating the post processing mode reversed Torsion is cured in optical fiber, obtains spin fiber
Embodiment 3
See Fig. 3, the present embodiment optical fiber is followed successively by fibre core 101, covering 102 and coat, included in covering 102 from inside to outside Belt stress area 103, fibre core 101 and belt stress area 103 directly contact.In the present embodiment, belt stress area is to use GeO2 Acquisition is doped to covering, the relative thermal expansion coefficient delta α in belt stress area is 200%, its cross-sectional area and spin fiber The ratio ζ of cross-sectional area is 25%.
The preparation technology of the present embodiment spin fiber is：
Covering is deposited in bushing pipe using PCVD methods, the covering deposited is all adulterated into GeO2Form belt stress area； Then, covering, fibre core are sequentially depositing on the inside of belt stress area, contracting rod burns in fact, obtains preform.Revolve preform Turn, carry out wire drawing, coating successively to preform, torsion is cured in optical fiber, obtain spin fiber.
Embodiment 4
Spin fiber obtained by the present invention is tested.
Method of testing：Two meters of long spin fibers are taken, relaxation is placed.Wavelength 1310nm SLD light sources are after Polarization Controller As incident light source.First, incident light source is directly transmitted on polarization analysis instrument, tests polarization state, and is recorded, as incidence The incident state of light.Then, spin fiber incidence end to be measured is connect into incident light source, it is emitted termination polarization analysis instrument, and test is inclined Shake state, and record, the outgoing state as incident light.
Line polarisation, left-handed rotation, lower transmission characteristic of the incident light in torsioned fibres of right-handed rotation injection are tested respectively.The present invention Torsion relation and the test result of conventional spin fiber (i.e. bow-tie type polarization maintaining optical fibre) are shown in Table 1~2, can be sent out according to test result Existing, there is spin fiber of the present invention good polarized component to keep effect, i.e. DOP is all higher than 99%.
The twisted fiber polarized light component (DOP) of the present invention of table 1 and polarization ellipse degree test result
The polarized light component (DOP) and polarization ellipse degree test result of 2 conventional spin fiber of table
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with A variety of changes, modification can be carried out to these embodiments, replace without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding And modification, the scope of the present invention is by appended claims and its equivalent limits.

Claims (5)

  1. A kind of 1. twisted fiber, it is characterised in that：
    Fibre core, covering and coat are followed successively by from inside to outside, and belt stress area, belt stress area and fibre are included in covering Core is contacted or not contacted；The size and thermal coefficient of expansion in belt stress area meet condition | Δ α | × ζ >=0.2, wherein,ζ=Ssap/Sfiber, αsapAnd αcladThe respectively thermal expansion system in belt stress area and covering Number, SsapFor belt stress area cross-sectional area, SfiberFor twisted fiber cross-sectional area；
    Described belt stress area is by being doped acquisition to covering.
  2. 2. the preparation method of twisted fiber, it is characterised in that including step：
    Step 1, preform is prepared, is specially：
    Covering, fibre core are sequentially depositing in bushing pipe, contracting rod burns obtains preform in fact；Before depositing fibre core, covering is doped and obtained Belt stress area is obtained, belt stress area contacts with fibre core or do not contacted；The size and thermal coefficient of expansion in belt stress area meet | Δ α | × ζ >=0.2, wherein,ζ=Ssap/Sfiber, αsapAnd αcladRespectively belt stress area and The thermal coefficient of expansion of covering, SsapFor belt stress area cross-sectional area, SfiberFor twisted fiber cross-sectional area；
    Step 2, twisted fiber is prepared, is specially：
    Preform is rotated, wire drawing, coating is carried out successively to preform, obtains twisted fiber；Or keep predispersed fiber Rod processed does not rotate, and carries out wire drawing, coating successively to preform；Then reversed by heating the post processing mode reversed Optical fiber.
  3. 3. the preparation method of twisted fiber as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：
    In step 1, using ion body chemical vapor phase growing, the chemical vapour deposition technique of improvement or fluid chemistry vapour deposition legal system Standby preform, and covering is doped.
  4. 4. the preparation method of twisted fiber as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：
    In step 1, using B2O3Or GeO2Adulterate covering and obtain belt stress area.
  5. 5. the preparation method of twisted fiber as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that：
    In step 1, using TiO2Adulterate covering and obtain belt stress area.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106199825B (en) * 2016-08-02 2018-11-23 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 A kind of sensor fibre and preparation method thereof and sensing fiber ring
CN110133797B (en) * 2019-05-30 2020-07-28 山东光韵智能科技有限公司 Visible light three-layer wavy-lined colorful optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof
CN111620560B (en) * 2020-06-10 2021-11-09 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 Drawn optical fiber twisting control device and method and multimode optical fiber
CN113777701B (en) * 2021-08-27 2022-05-20 华中科技大学 Optical fiber wave plate based on space spiral bending

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1052379A (en) * 1989-12-09 1991-06-19 中国科学技术大学 Birefringence optical fibre by stress and porous structure
CN1085665A (en) * 1992-10-10 1994-04-20 黄宏嘉 Keep the optical fiber of circular polarization state and its preparation method
CN1632629A (en) * 2004-12-29 2005-06-29 江苏法尔胜光子有限公司 I shaped polarization maintaining optical fiber and producing method thereof
CN101320109A (en) * 2008-06-13 2008-12-10 华中科技大学 Rare earth ion annular doping double-cladding optical fiber
CN102103228A (en) * 2011-01-26 2011-06-22 武汉长盈通光电技术有限公司 Double waveguide parallel polarization maintaining fiber and manufacturing method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100581622B1 (en) * 1999-12-20 2006-05-22 주식회사 케이티 Rare-earth doped optical fiber

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1052379A (en) * 1989-12-09 1991-06-19 中国科学技术大学 Birefringence optical fibre by stress and porous structure
CN1085665A (en) * 1992-10-10 1994-04-20 黄宏嘉 Keep the optical fiber of circular polarization state and its preparation method
CN1632629A (en) * 2004-12-29 2005-06-29 江苏法尔胜光子有限公司 I shaped polarization maintaining optical fiber and producing method thereof
CN101320109A (en) * 2008-06-13 2008-12-10 华中科技大学 Rare earth ion annular doping double-cladding optical fiber
CN102103228A (en) * 2011-01-26 2011-06-22 武汉长盈通光电技术有限公司 Double waveguide parallel polarization maintaining fiber and manufacturing method thereof

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