CN105240327B - Multistage retractable Pneumatic hydraulic catapult-launching gear - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage retractable pneumatic-hydraulic ejection device. The output end of the high-pressure air source is connected with the air source input end of the pneumatic valve, and the control signal output end of the controller is connected with the electric input end of the pneumatic valve. The two gas output ports of the pneumatic valve are respectively connected to the air inlet of the two-way gas-liquid mixing multistage cylinder and the vent port of the two-way gas-liquid mixing multistage cylinder. The load is set on the bracket, and the bracket is connected to the two-way gas-liquid mixing multistage cylinder. The end face of the ejection extension rod of the cylinder is fixedly connected, one end of the pre-tensioning device is fixed, and the other end is connected to the bracket to provide a pre-tightening force opposite to the direction in which the ejection extension rod extends; the invention has high ejection efficiency, and the ejection mechanism after ejection It can be automatically retracted, and at the same time, it can use multi-stage cylinders and pre-tensioning devices to achieve ultra-high-speed ejection.

Description

Multi-stage retractable pneumatic hydraulic ejection device

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of pneumatic-hydraulic ejection devices, in particular to a multi-stage retractable pneumatic-hydraulic ejection device.

Background technique

Pneumatic-hydraulic ejection devices are widely used in military and civilian fields, such as the ejection of drones and missiles.

For example, the patent CN201010524849 proposes a single-stage gas-liquid mixed ejection method. During rapid ejection, the single-stage gas-liquid mixing cylinder is filled with a large flow of oil through the air bag accumulator, and the first-stage ejection extension end is mainly affected by the oil thrust and Negligible air resistance, so as to achieve high-speed ejection; at the same time, the device can realize the automatic retraction of the ejection piston rod under valve control; however, it is limited by the single-stage cylinder with a small effective ejection stroke and ultra-high-speed ejection (≥15m/s) Sealing cannot be guaranteed, making this ejection device unable to eject loads at ultra-high speeds.

The patent CN200910166299 proposes an ejection device for a multi-stage gas-liquid mixing cylinder driven by high-pressure gas, which increases the effective ejection stroke in the form of a multi-stage cylinder, reduces the movement speed of adjacent two-stage cylinders, and avoids ultra-high-speed sealing However, this type of ejection device needs to use auxiliary equipment to realize the automatic retraction of the ejection mechanism after ejection, and because the initial ejection does not apply a preload force to the load and directly pushes the load to move laterally, the oil pressure cannot be quickly raised to the maximum Therefore, the power of the ejection extension rod is insufficient, the ejection speed cannot be guaranteed to reach a high level, and the ejection efficiency is low; in addition, since the ejection device uses oil with a closed oil chamber as the transmission medium, it can be ejected at high speed several times. After that, the internal oil will deteriorate and fail, and the ejection device does not provide an oil port for changing the oil.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage retractable pneumatic hydraulic ejection device with high ejection efficiency, the ejection mechanism can be automatically retracted after ejection, and the multi-stage cylinder and pretensioning device can be used to realize ultra-high-speed ejection.

The technical solution that realizes the object of the present invention is:

A multi-stage retractable pneumatic-hydraulic ejection device, including a high-pressure air source, a controller, a pneumatic valve, a two-way gas-liquid mixing multi-stage cylinder, a pretensioning device, a bracket and a load; wherein, the two-way gas-liquid mixing multi-stage cylinder The main cylinder is equipped with a multi-stage sleeve piston cylinder, and there is a cavity between the outermost sleeve of the multi-stage sleeve piston cylinder and the inner wall of the main cylinder, which is filled with oil, and the multi-stage sleeve The bottom of the piston cylinder is sliding and sealingly matched with the main cylinder body, the open end of the main cylinder body is slidingly and sealingly matched with the multi-stage sleeve type piston cylinder, and the main gas is between the bottom of the multi-stage sleeve type piston cylinder and the bottom of the main cylinder body The multi-stage sleeve type piston cylinder is a multi-layer sleeve structure. The space between the innermost sleeve and the ejection piston rod in it is the gas chamber at the extension end. The bottom of the ejection piston rod and the innermost The sleeves of the first layer are in sliding and sealing fit, and the opening end of the innermost sleeve is in sliding and sealing fit with the ejection piston rod. Except for the gas cavity at the protruding end to ensure sealing, the cavities between the other sleeves pass through the side wall and the bottom. The opening of the hole makes the cavity between the inner and outer sleeves penetrate, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are both sliding and sealing at the bottom and the opening end, and the opening is on the side of the main gas chamber of the main cylinder body. There is an air inlet, and an oil filling port is opened on one side of the multi-stage sleeve piston cylinder of the main cylinder body, and an oil filling port is opened on the side where the innermost sleeve of the multi-stage sleeve piston cylinder protrudes from the outer sleeve. Ventilation port; the output end of the high-pressure air source is connected to the air source input end of the pneumatic valve, the control signal output end of the controller is connected to the electrical input end of the pneumatic valve, and the two gas output ports of the pneumatic valve are connected to the air inlet and the ventilation port respectively. The port is connected, the load is set on the bracket, and the bracket is fixedly connected with the end face of the ejection extension rod of the two-way gas-liquid mixing multistage cylinder. Preload in the opposite direction.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has significant advantages:

(1) The present invention adopts a pre-tightening device to apply a pre-tightening force to the ejection load, which helps the internal pressure of the ejection mechanism to increase rapidly during ejection, and increases the ejection speed by increasing the initial acceleration during ejection.

(2) Compared with the existing gas-liquid mixing multi-stage cylinder, the gas cavity provided at the extension end of the present invention can reduce the movement resistance of the ejection extension rod, and improve the ejection speed and ejection efficiency within the same stroke.

(3) The present invention uses a pneumatic valve to connect with the main gas cavity and the gas cavity at the extension end, which can not only control the rapid ejection of the multi-stage cylinder, but also make the multi-stage cylinder retract without adding other auxiliary devices, so as to quickly provide The first ejection is ready.

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the multi-stage retractable pneumatic-hydraulic ejection device of the present invention.

detailed description

A multi-stage retractable pneumatic-hydraulic ejection device of the present invention includes a high-pressure air source 1, a controller 3, a pneumatic valve 4, a two-way gas-liquid mixing multi-stage cylinder 9, a pretensioning device 14, a bracket 15 and a load 16; Wherein, the main cylinder body 7 of the two-way gas-liquid mixing multistage cylinder 9 is provided with a multistage sleeve type piston cylinder 10, and there is a gap between the outermost sleeve of the multistage sleeve type piston cylinder 10 and the inner wall of the main cylinder body 7 The cavity is filled with oil, the bottom of the multi-stage sleeve type piston cylinder 10 is in sliding and sealing fit with the main cylinder body 7, and the open end of the main cylinder body 7 is in sliding and sealing fit with the multi-stage sleeve type piston cylinder 10. The main gas chamber 6 is between the bottom of the stage sleeve type piston cylinder 10 and the bottom of the main cylinder body 7, and the multistage sleeve type piston cylinder 10 is a multi-layer sleeve structure, and the innermost sleeve and the ejection extension in it Between the piston rods 11 is the gas chamber 8 at the protruding end. The bottom of the protruding piston rod 11 is in sliding and sealing fit with the innermost sleeve, and the opening end of the innermost sleeve is sliding with the protruding piston rod 11. Sealing fit, except for the gas chamber 8 at the extension end to ensure the sealing, the cavities between the other sleeves are all through the openings in the side wall and the bottom to make the cavities between the inner and outer sleeves penetrate, and the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve The layered sleeves are all in sliding and sealing fit at the bottom and the opening end, and an air inlet 5 is opened on one side of the main gas chamber 6 of the main cylinder body 7, and on the side of the main cylinder body 7 multi-stage sleeve type piston cylinder 10 There is an oil filling port 12 on one side, and an air vent 13 is opened on the side where the innermost sleeve of the multi-stage sleeve type piston cylinder 10 protrudes from the outer sleeve; The air source input terminal is connected, the control signal output terminal of the controller 3 is connected with the electrical input terminal of the pneumatic valve 4, the two gas output ports of the pneumatic valve 4 are respectively connected with the air inlet 5 and the ventilation port 13, and the load 16 is set on the support On the frame 15, the bracket 15 is fixedly connected with the end face of the ejection extension rod 11 of the two-way gas-liquid mixing multi-stage cylinder 9, and one end of the pretensioning device 14 is fixed, and the other end is connected with the bracket 15 to provide a connection with the ejection extension rod 11. Preload in the opposite direction.

The vent port 13 communicates with the atmospheric port 2 through the pneumatic valve 4 .

The pretensioning devices 14 are evenly distributed around the bracket.

Example:

Combined with Figure 1:

A multi-stage retractable pneumatic-hydraulic ejection device, including a high-pressure air source 1, a controller 3, a pneumatic valve 4, a two-way gas-liquid mixing multi-stage cylinder 9, a pretensioning device 14, a bracket 15 and a load 16; wherein, The main cylinder body 7 of the two-way gas-liquid mixing multistage cylinder 9 is provided with a multistage sleeve type piston cylinder 10, and there is a cavity between the outer sleeve of the multistage sleeve type piston cylinder 10 and the inner wall of the main cylinder body 7. Filled with oil, the bottom of the multi-stage sleeve piston cylinder 10 is in sliding and sealing fit with the main cylinder body 7, and the open end of the main cylinder body 7 is in sliding and sealing fit with the multi-stage sleeve type piston cylinder 10, the multi-stage sleeve type The main gas chamber 6 is between the bottom of the piston cylinder 10 and the bottom of the main cylinder body 7. The multi-stage sleeve type piston cylinder 10 has a two-layer sleeve structure, and the inner sleeve and the ejection inside the piston rod 11 extend out. It is the gas cavity 8 at the extension end, the bottom of the ejection piston rod 11 is in sliding and sealing fit with the inner sleeve, the open end of the inner sleeve is in sliding and sealing fit with the ejection extension piston rod 11, the bottom of the inner sleeve is in contact with the inner sleeve The side wall opening is lower than the limit position of the bottom limit position of the ejection piston rod 11, and the side wall opening of the outer sleeve is lower than the limit position of the bottom of the inner sleeve, so that the cavity between the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve The body communicates with the cavity between the outer sleeve and the main cylinder body 7, and the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are in sliding and sealing fit at the bottom and the open end,

There is an air inlet 5 on one side of the main cylinder body 7 and the main gas chamber 6, and an oil filling port 12 is opened on one side of the main cylinder body 7 multistage sleeve type piston cylinder 10, and the multistage sleeve type piston There is a vent 13 on the side where the inner sleeve of the cylinder 10 protrudes from the outer sleeve; the output end of the high-pressure air source 1 is connected to the air source input end of the pneumatic valve 4, and the control signal output end of the controller 3 is connected to the pneumatic valve 4 The two gas output ports of the pneumatic valve 4 are respectively connected with the air inlet 5 and the air port 13, the air port 13 communicates with the atmospheric port 2 through the pneumatic valve 4, the load 16 is arranged on the bracket 15, and the The frame 15 is fixedly connected with the end face of the ejection extension rod 11 of the two-way gas-liquid mixing multi-stage cylinder 9, one end of the pretensioner 14 is fixed, and the other end is connected with the bracket 15, and the pretensioner 14 is evenly distributed around the bracket, providing The pre-tightening force opposite to the direction in which the ejection extension rod 11 is extended.

The ejection process of the multi-stage retractable pneumatic-hydraulic ejection device is as follows:

The signal output terminal of the controller 3 controls the pneumatic valve 4, so that the output gas of the high-pressure gas source 1 enters the main gas chamber 6 of the two-way gas-liquid mixing multi-stage cylinder 9, and the vent 13 of the gas chamber 8 communicates with the atmospheric port 2 through the pneumatic valve 4 , the ejection starts at this time; at the initial moment of ejection, high-pressure gas enters the main gas chamber 6, and the gas pressure inside the main gas chamber 6 gradually increases, which tends to push the multi-stage sleeve-type piston cylinder 10 to move, while the pretensioner 14 pulls The bracket 15 and the load 16 on it enable the two-way multi-stage gas-liquid mixing cylinder 9 to store force to ensure the gas pressure in the main gas chamber 6 and the oil pressure between the multi-stage sleeve piston cylinder 10 and the main cylinder body 7 to increase rapidly ; After the gas pressure in the main gas chamber 6 reaches a certain level, the oil pressure between the multi-stage sleeve type piston cylinder 10 and the main cylinder body 7 acts on the force of the ejection extension rod 11, which is gradually greater than the counter bracket of the pretensioning device 14 15 of the pretightening force, the pretightening device 14 is loosened, so that the pressure of the main gas chamber 6 pushes the multistage sleeve type piston cylinder 10 to move; the oil between the multistage sleeve type piston cylinder 10 and the main cylinder body 7 passes through multiple The circumferential through holes 17 of the multi-stage sleeve type piston cylinder 10 flow to the inside of the multi-stage sleeve type piston cylinder 10 to push the cylinders of each level inside the multi-stage sleeve type piston cylinder 10 to extend, and push the ejection extension rod 11 to move At the same time, the gas in the gas chamber 8 is quickly discharged to the atmosphere through the atmospheric port 2 of the pneumatic valve 4. At the same time, the resistance of the gas in the gas chamber 8 to the ejection extension rod 11 is much smaller than that of the oil in the multi-stage sleeve type piston cylinder 10 to the ejection extension. The thrust of the rod 11 is ejected, so that the ejection rod 11 pops up quickly, and the load 16 on the bracket 15 is ejected; The control signal makes the pneumatic valve 4 switch the valve port, and forms a smaller valve opening, so that the output end of the high-pressure gas source 1 is connected to the vent 13 of the gas chamber 8 of the bidirectional gas-liquid mixing multistage cylinder 9, and the main gas chamber 6 The air inlet 5 is connected to the atmospheric port 2 of the pneumatic valve 4. At this time, the gas from the high-pressure gas source 1 gradually enters the gas chamber 8 through the small valve opening of the pneumatic valve, and pushes the ejection rod 11 and the multi-stage sleeve type The cylinders of each stage of the piston cylinder 10 retract slowly, and the gas in the main gas chamber 6 is discharged through the atmospheric port 2 of the pneumatic valve 4, thereby realizing the automatic retraction of the ejection device.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of multistage retractable Pneumatic hydraulic catapult-launching gear, it is characterised in that：Including high-pressure air source (1), controller (3), Pneumatic operated valve (4), two-way gas-liquid mixed Multi-stage cylinder (9), pre-tightening apparatus (14), bracket (15) and load (16)；Wherein, two-way gas-liquid Multilevel sleeve type piston cylinder (10) is provided with the Master cylinder body (7) of hybrid multi-stage cylinder (9), multilevel sleeve type piston cylinder (10) is most Have cavity between outer layer sleeve and Master cylinder body (7) inwall, be filled with fluid in it, the bottom of multilevel sleeve type piston cylinder (10) with Master cylinder body (7) is slidingly sealed cooperation, and openend and the multilevel sleeve type piston cylinder (10) of Master cylinder body (7) are slidingly sealed cooperation, many It is main air chamber (6), multilevel sleeve type piston cylinder (10) between the bottom and Master cylinder body (7) bottom of the telescopic piston cylinder (10) of level For multi-layer sleeve structure, the sleeve of its innermost layer and the ejection in it stretch out piston rod (11) between be external part air chamber (8), The bottom of piston rod (11) is stretched out in ejection and the sleeve of innermost layer is slidingly sealed cooperation, the openend of the sleeve of innermost layer and ejection Stretch out piston rod (11) and be slidingly sealed cooperation, in addition to external part air chamber (8) ensures sealing, the cavity between remaining sleeve passes through The perforate of side wall and bottom causes the cavity insertion between ectonexine sleeve, the bottom of between interior one layer of sleeve and outer one layer of sleeve Portion and openend are slidingly sealed cooperation, and air inlet (5) is provided with the side of Master cylinder body (7) main air chamber (6), and in Master cylinder body (7) side of multilevel sleeve type piston cylinder (10) is provided with oil-filled mouth (12), in multilevel sleeve type piston cylinder (10) innermost layer sleeve The one end for stretching out outer one layer of sleeve is provided with blow vent (13)；The output end of high-pressure air source (1) and the air source input end of pneumatic operated valve (4) It is connected, the control signal output of controller (3) is connected with the electrical input terminal of pneumatic operated valve (4), two gases of pneumatic operated valve (4) Output port is connected with air inlet (5) and blow vent (13) respectively, and load (16) is arranged on bracket (15), bracket (15) with it is double The end face for stretching out piston rod (11) to the ejection of gas-liquid mixed Multi-stage cylinder (9) is fixedly connected, and pre-tightening apparatus (14) one end is fixed, separately One end is connected that there is provided stretch out piston rod (11) with ejection to stretch out pretightning force in opposite direction with bracket (15).

2. multistage retractable Pneumatic hydraulic catapult-launching gear according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The blow vent (13) connected by pneumatic operated valve (4) with the air port (2) of pneumatic operated valve.

3. multistage retractable Pneumatic hydraulic catapult-launching gear according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The pre-tightening apparatus (14) it is distributed on the surrounding of bracket.