CN105233974B - Magnetic separation recovery mine tailing technique is regrinded in fine grinding magnetic separation roasting - Google Patents
Magnetic separation recovery mine tailing technique is regrinded in fine grinding magnetic separation roasting Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于铁矿选矿技术领域，特别是一种细磨磁选-焙烧-再磨磁选回收尾矿工艺。The invention belongs to the technical field of iron ore beneficiation, in particular to a tailing recovery process of fine grinding magnetic separation-roasting-regrinding magnetic separation.
背景技术Background technique
目前采用“阶段磨矿、粗细分选，重-磁-浮联合流程”的选厂产生的10%～15%，磨矿粒度为-0.074mm60%～70%的综合尾矿中流失的铁矿物主要是赤褐铁和磁性铁，对综合尾矿的回收目前效果较好的工艺是：以综合尾矿采用两段螺旋溜槽、永磁扫选，螺精、永磁精混合为粗精矿，粗精矿磨矿后再用弱磁、强磁，反浮选或离心机工艺精选。采用“螺旋溜槽、永磁- 磨矿-强磁、离心机工艺” 流程对赤铁矿综合矿进行选别，在磨矿粒度为92.5%-0.046mm时获得的选别指标为：给矿品位12.63%，精矿品位67.95%，精矿产率4.00%，回收率21.52%，尾矿品位10.33%，但由于综合尾矿中的铁矿物在0.037mm以下粒级中的分布率高达70%以上，其中在0.01mm以下粒级中的分布率为10%～20%，综合尾矿中的主要铁矿物粒度很细。因此综合尾矿经“螺旋溜槽、永磁- 磨矿-强磁、离心机工艺”选别后尾矿品位偏高的问题无法解决，造成回收率难以进一步提高。“磁选-焙烧-磁选工艺”通过对尾矿采用强磁进行选别后将得到的强磁精矿全部进行焙烧后再对焙烧矿采用弱磁进行选别，该工艺虽然提高了回收率，但由于尾矿中磁性铁分布率在15%～40%，而这部分产品不应进入工艺复杂（因焙烧前需浓缩、过滤、烘干等）、能耗高、成本高的焙烧工艺进行处理。At present, 10% to 15% of the iron ore lost in the comprehensive tailings with a grinding particle size of -0.074mm is 60% to 70% produced by the concentrator using "stage grinding, coarse and fine separation, and heavy-magnetic-flotation combined process" The materials are mainly red limonite and magnetic iron. The current effective process for the recovery of comprehensive tailings is: use two-stage spiral chute for comprehensive tailings, permanent magnet sweeping, and mix spiral concentrate and permanent magnet concentrate to form coarse concentrate. , Coarse concentrate is ground and then selected by weak magnetic, strong magnetic, reverse flotation or centrifuge process. Adopt the "spiral chute, permanent magnet-grinding-strong magnetic, centrifuge process" process to sort hematite comprehensive ore, and the sorting index obtained when the grinding particle size is 92.5%-0.046mm is: feed grade 12.63%, the concentrate grade is 67.95%, the concentrate yield is 4.00%, the recovery rate is 21.52%, and the tailings grade is 10.33%. However, due to the distribution rate of iron minerals in the comprehensive tailings in the particle size below 0.037mm is as high as 70% , in which the distribution rate in the particle size below 0.01mm is 10% to 20%, and the main iron minerals in the comprehensive tailings are very fine. Therefore, the problem of high grade tailings cannot be solved after the comprehensive tailings are sorted by "spiral chute, permanent magnet-grinding-strong magnetism, centrifuge process", which makes it difficult to further improve the recovery rate. "Magnetic separation-roasting-magnetic separation process" adopts strong magnetic separation for tailings, and then roasts all the obtained strong magnetic concentrates, and then uses weak magnetic separation for roasted ore. Although this process improves the recovery rate , but since the distribution rate of magnetic iron in the tailings is 15% to 40%, this part of the product should not be processed in a roasting process with complicated processes (concentration, filtration, drying, etc. before roasting), high energy consumption, and high cost deal with.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种能对目的矿物主要为极细粒级含多种铁矿物的尾矿进行经济有效回收，从而实现提高回收率，同时降低能耗的有效回收的细磨磁选-焙烧-再磨磁选回收尾矿工艺。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of fine grinding magnetic separation that can economically and effectively recover the tailings whose target minerals are mainly extremely fine-grained grades containing various iron minerals, so as to improve the recovery rate and reduce energy consumption. -Roasting-regrinding magnetic separation tailings recovery process.
本发明的目的是通过下述技术方案来实现的：The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
本发明的细磨磁选-焙烧-再磨磁选回收尾矿工艺，包括将品位为10%～15%、粒度为-0.074mm60%～70%的综合尾矿给入一段筒式磁选机进行磁选作业，一段筒式磁选机的尾矿给入一段立环磁选机进行磁选作业，一段筒式磁选机的精矿和一段立环磁选机的精矿合并给入一段旋流器与一段球磨机构成的闭路磨矿分级作业，即：一段筒式磁选机的精矿和一段立环磁选机的精矿合并给入一段旋流器，一段旋流器的沉砂给入一段球磨，一段球磨的排矿返回一段旋流器；粒度90%～95%-0.074mm的一段旋流器的溢流给入二段筒式磁选机进行磁选作业，其特征在于还包括下列步骤：The fine grinding magnetic separation-roasting-regrinding magnetic separation tailings recovery process of the present invention includes feeding comprehensive tailings with a grade of 10% to 15% and a particle size of -0.074mm60% to 70% into a section of a drum type magnetic separator Carry out magnetic separation operation, the tailings of a section of drum magnetic separator are fed into a section of vertical ring magnetic separator for magnetic separation operation, the concentrate of a section of drum magnetic separator and the concentrate of a section of vertical ring magnetic separator are combined and fed into a section The closed-circuit grinding and grading operation composed of a cyclone and a ball mill, that is, the concentrate of a section of drum magnetic separator and the concentrate of a section of vertical ring magnetic separator are combined and fed into a section of cyclone, and the sand of a section of cyclone Feed into the first section of ball mill, and the ore discharge of the first section of ball mill returns to the first section of cyclone; the overflow of the first section of cyclone with a particle size of 90%~95%-0.074mm is fed into the second section of drum magnetic separator for magnetic separation operation, which is characterized in that Also includes the following steps:
1）二段筒式磁选机的精矿给入二段旋流器，二段旋流器的沉砂给入二段塔磨，二段塔磨的排矿返回二段旋流器构成闭路磨矿系统，二段磨矿分级作业产品粒度为90%-0.025mm以上，二段旋流器的溢流给入一段弱磁进行选别，一段弱磁机尾矿与二段筒式磁选机尾矿一起给入一段浓密机进行浓缩作业，一段浓密机的溢流作为循环水使用，浓度为30%～40%的一段密机的底流给入二段立环磁选机进行磁选作业，二段立环磁选机的尾矿抛尾，二段立环磁选机的精矿给入二段浓密机进行浓缩作业；1) The concentrate of the second-stage drum magnetic separator is fed into the second-stage cyclone, the grit of the second-stage cyclone is fed into the second-stage tower mill, and the ore discharge of the second-stage tower mill is returned to the second-stage cyclone to form a closed circuit Grinding system, the particle size of the second-stage grinding and grading operation is above 90%-0.025mm, the overflow of the second-stage cyclone is fed into the first-stage weak magnetic separation, and the tailings of the first-stage weak magnetic machine and the second-stage drum magnetic separation The tailings of the machine are fed into the first-stage thickener together for thickening operation, the overflow of the first-stage thickener is used as circulating water, and the underflow of the first-stage thickener with a concentration of 30% to 40% is fed into the second-stage vertical ring magnetic separator for magnetic separation operation. The tailings of the first-stage vertical-ring magnetic separator are thrown away, and the concentrate of the second-stage vertical-ring magnetic separator is fed into the second-stage thickener for thickening operation;
2）二段浓密机的溢流作为循环水使用，将浓度为55%～60%的二段浓密机的底流给入过滤机进行过滤，得到滤饼为粗精矿，其含水率为9%～13%，品位为25%～33%、产率为15%～20%；2) The overflow of the second-stage thickener is used as circulating water, and the underflow of the second-stage thickener with a concentration of 55% to 60% is fed into the filter for filtration, and the obtained filter cake is coarse concentrate with a moisture content of 9%. ~13%, the grade is 25%~33%, and the yield is 15%~20%;
3）将所述的粗精矿由皮带给入悬浮磁化焙烧炉进行悬浮焙烧作业，其焙烧温度为500℃～600℃，使粗精矿含水率达到2%后，再通入CO还原气体将其还原为磁性铁分布率在88%以上的磁性铁矿物；3) Feed the coarse concentrate from the belt into the suspension magnetization roaster for suspension roasting operation, the roasting temperature is 500°C-600°C, after the moisture content of the coarse concentrate reaches 2%, then the CO reducing gas It is reduced to magnetic iron minerals with a magnetic iron distribution rate of more than 88%;
4）将悬浮焙烧作业后的磁性铁分布率在88%以上的磁性铁矿物给入给入三段旋流器，三段旋流器的沉砂给入三段塔磨，三段塔磨的排矿返回三段旋流器构成闭路磨矿系统，三段磨矿分级作业产品粒度为90%-0.025mm以上，三段旋流器的溢流给入二段弱磁机；4) Feed the magnetic iron minerals with a magnetic iron distribution rate of more than 88% after the suspension roasting operation into the three-stage cyclone, and the grit of the three-stage cyclone is fed into the three-stage tower mill, and the three-stage tower mill The ore discharge returns to the three-stage cyclone to form a closed-circuit grinding system. The particle size of the three-stage grinding and grading operation product is above 90%-0.025mm, and the overflow of the three-stage cyclone is fed into the second-stage magnetic weakening machine;
5）一段弱磁机和二段弱磁机精矿合并给入三段弱磁机，三段弱磁机的精矿给入四段弱磁机，四段弱磁机的精矿给入五段弱磁机，五段弱磁机精矿为最终精矿，其精矿品位65%以上，金属回收率53%以上，一段立环磁选机、二段立环磁选机尾矿和一段弱磁机尾矿、二段弱磁机尾矿、三段弱磁机尾矿、四段弱磁机尾矿和五段弱磁机尾矿合并为品位5%～7%的最终尾矿。5) The concentrate of the first-stage magnetic weakening machine and the second-stage magnetic weakening machine are combined into the third-stage magnetic weakening machine, the concentrate of the third-stage magnetic weakening machine is fed into the fourth-stage magnetic weakening machine, and the concentrate of the fourth-stage magnetic weakening machine is fed into the fifth One-stage magnetic separator, five-stage magnetic separator concentrate is the final concentrate, its concentrate grade is above 65%, metal recovery rate is above 53%, one-stage vertical ring magnetic separator, second-stage vertical ring magnetic separator tailings and one-stage The tailings of the machine tailings, the tailings of the second-stage magnetic field weakening machine, the tailings of the third-stage magnetic field-weakening machine, the tailings of the fourth-stage magnetic field-weakening machine and the tailings of the fifth-stage magnetic field-weakening machine are combined into the final tailings with a grade of 5% to 7%.
所述的一段筒式磁选机的磁感应强度为300～500mT，一段立环磁选机的磁感应强度300～500mT。The magnetic induction intensity of the one-stage drum magnetic separator is 300-500mT, and the magnetic induction intensity of the one-stage vertical ring magnetic separator is 300-500mT.
所述的二段筒式磁选机的磁感应强度为150～180mT，二段立环磁选机的磁感应强度300～500mT。The magnetic induction intensity of the two-stage drum type magnetic separator is 150-180mT, and the magnetic induction intensity of the two-stage vertical ring magnetic separator is 300-500mT.
所述的五段弱磁机采用磁振式高效磁选机。The five-stage magnetic weakening machine adopts a magnetic vibration type high-efficiency magnetic separator.
本发明的优点是：The advantages of the present invention are:
本发明由于采用了上述细磨磁选-焙烧-再磨磁选回收尾矿工艺，在原矿品位10%～15%，最终磨矿粒度-0.025mm90%以上的条件下，对二段筒式磁精单独磨矿至粒度-0.025mm90%以上后经一段弱磁选别，使强磁性矿物与弱磁性矿物及脉石实现充分有效的分离，一段弱磁精直接给入后续弱磁选别作业，在确保了铁矿物回收率的同时，减少了焙烧作业处理量，获得品位65%以上、产率9%以上的精矿，尾矿品位5%～7%、金属回收率53%以上的良好指标，该工艺实现了尾矿中铁的高效回收，其回收率较传统工艺提高30个百分点以上，同时节约生产成本，适合于对目的矿物主要为极细粒级铁矿物的尾矿进行经济有效回收。Because the present invention adopts the above-mentioned fine grinding magnetic separation-roasting-regrinding magnetic separation tailings recovery process, under the condition that the raw ore grade is 10% to 15% and the final grinding particle size is over 90% of -0.025mm, the two-stage drum magnetic The refined ore is ground separately to a particle size of -0.025mm90% or more, and then undergoes a stage of weak magnetic separation to achieve sufficient and effective separation of strong magnetic minerals from weak magnetic minerals and gangues. A stage of weak magnetic fines is directly fed into subsequent weak magnetic separation operations. While ensuring the recovery rate of iron ore, the amount of roasting operation has been reduced to obtain concentrates with a grade of more than 65% and a yield of more than 9%, good tailings with a grade of 5% to 7% and a metal recovery rate of more than 53%. indicators, the process realizes the efficient recovery of iron in tailings, and its recovery rate is more than 30 percentage points higher than that of traditional processes, while saving production costs, and is suitable for economical and effective treatment of tailings whose target minerals are mainly very fine-grained iron minerals Recycle.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的预富集-细磨焙烧-再磨磁选回收尾矿工艺的流程图。Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the pre-concentration-fine grinding roasting-regrinding magnetic separation tailings recovery process of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合附图进一步说明本发明的具体实施方式。The specific implementation manner of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1所示，本发明的细磨磁选-焙烧-再磨磁选回收尾矿工艺，包括将品位为10%～15%粒度为-0.074mm60%～70%的综合尾矿给入一段筒式磁选机进行磁选作业，一段筒式磁选机的尾矿给入一段立环磁选机进行磁选作业，一段筒式磁选机的精矿和一段立环磁选机的精矿合并给入一段旋流器与一段球磨机构成的闭路磨矿分级作业，即：一段筒式磁选机的精矿和一段立环磁选机的精矿合并给入一段旋流器，一段旋流器的沉砂给入一段球磨，一段球磨的排矿返回一段旋流器；粒度90%～95%-0.074mm的一段旋流器的溢流给入二段筒式磁选机进行磁选作业，其特征在于还包括下列步骤：As shown in Figure 1, the fine grinding magnetic separation-roasting-regrinding magnetic separation tailings recovery process of the present invention includes feeding comprehensive tailings with a grade of 10% to 15% and a particle size of -0.074mm60% to 70% into a section The magnetic separation operation is carried out by the drum magnetic separator. The tailings of the first drum magnetic separator are fed into the first vertical ring magnetic separator for magnetic separation operation. The concentrate of the first drum magnetic separator and the fine ore of the first vertical ring magnetic separator The ore is combined into a closed-circuit grinding and classification operation consisting of a section of cyclone and a section of ball mill, that is: the concentrate of a section of drum magnetic separator and the concentrate of a section of vertical ring magnetic separator are combined and fed into a section of cyclone, and a section of cyclone The sand settling of the flow device is fed into the first stage of the ball mill, and the ore discharge of the first stage of the ball mill is returned to the first stage of the cyclone; the overflow of the first stage of the cyclone with a particle size of 90%-95%-0.074mm is fed into the second stage of the drum magnetic separator for magnetic separation The job is characterized in that it also includes the following steps:
1）二段筒式磁选机的精矿给入二段旋流器，二段旋流器的沉砂给入二段塔磨，二段塔磨的排矿返回二段旋流器构成闭路磨矿系统，二段磨矿分级作业产品粒度为90%-0.025mm以上，铁矿物解离度达到80%以上，二段旋流器的溢流给入一段弱磁进行选别，选别后一段弱磁精矿中主要为强磁性矿物，一段弱磁尾矿中主要是单体脉石、弱磁性矿物和连生体，一段弱磁机尾矿与二段筒式磁选机尾矿一起给入一段浓密机进行浓缩作业，一段浓密机的溢流作为循环水使用，浓度为30%～40%的一段密机的底流给入二段立环磁选机进行磁选作业，二段立环磁选机的尾矿抛尾，二段立环磁选机的精矿给入二段浓密机进行浓缩作业；1) The concentrate of the second-stage drum magnetic separator is fed into the second-stage cyclone, the grit of the second-stage cyclone is fed into the second-stage tower mill, and the ore discharge of the second-stage tower mill is returned to the second-stage cyclone to form a closed circuit Grinding system, the particle size of the second-stage grinding and grading operation is above 90%-0.025mm, the dissociation degree of iron minerals is above 80%, and the overflow of the second-stage cyclone is fed into the first-stage weak magnetic field for separation The weak magnetic concentrate of the latter stage is mainly strong magnetic minerals, the weak magnetic tailings of the first stage are mainly single gangue, weak magnetic minerals and joint organisms, the tailings of the first stage of weak magnetic machine and the tailings of the second stage of the drum magnetic separator together The first-stage thickener is fed into the thickener for thickening operation, the overflow of the first-stage thickener is used as circulating water, the underflow of the first-stage thickener with a concentration of 30% to 40% is fed into the second-stage vertical ring magnetic separator for magnetic separation, and the second-stage vertical ring magnetic separator The tailings are discarded, and the concentrate of the second-stage vertical ring magnetic separator is fed into the second-stage thickener for thickening operation;
所述的一段筒式磁选机的磁感应强度为300～500mT，一段立环磁选机的磁感应强度300～500mT。The magnetic induction intensity of the one-stage drum magnetic separator is 300-500mT, and the magnetic induction intensity of the one-stage vertical ring magnetic separator is 300-500mT.
所述的二段筒式磁选机的磁感应强度为150～180mT，二段立环磁选机的磁感应强度300～500mT。The magnetic induction intensity of the two-stage drum type magnetic separator is 150-180mT, and the magnetic induction intensity of the two-stage vertical ring magnetic separator is 300-500mT.
2）二段浓密机的溢流作为循环水使用，将浓度为55%～60%的二段浓密机的底流给入过滤机进行过滤，得到滤饼为粗精矿，其含水率为9%～13%，品位为25%～33%、产率为15～20%；2) The overflow of the second-stage thickener is used as circulating water, and the underflow of the second-stage thickener with a concentration of 55% to 60% is fed into the filter for filtration, and the obtained filter cake is coarse concentrate with a moisture content of 9%. ~13%, the grade is 25%~33%, and the yield is 15~20%;
3）将所述的粗精矿由皮带给入悬浮磁化焙烧炉进行悬浮焙烧作业，其焙烧温度为500℃～600℃，使粗精矿含水率达到2%后，再通入CO还原气体将其还原为磁性铁分布率在88%以上的磁性铁矿物；3) Feed the coarse concentrate from the belt into the suspension magnetization roaster for suspension roasting operation, the roasting temperature is 500°C-600°C, after the moisture content of the coarse concentrate reaches 2%, then the CO reducing gas It is reduced to magnetic iron minerals with a magnetic iron distribution rate of more than 88%;
4）将悬浮焙烧作业后的磁性铁分布率在88%以上的磁性铁矿物给入给入三段旋流器，三段旋流器的沉砂给入三段塔磨，三段塔磨的排矿返回三段旋流器构成闭路磨矿系统，三段磨矿分级作业产品粒度为90%-0.025mm以上，三段旋流器的溢流给入二段弱磁机；4) Feed the magnetic iron minerals with a magnetic iron distribution rate of more than 88% after the suspension roasting operation into the three-stage cyclone, and the grit of the three-stage cyclone is fed into the three-stage tower mill, and the three-stage tower mill The ore discharge returns to the three-stage cyclone to form a closed-circuit grinding system. The particle size of the three-stage grinding and grading operation product is above 90%-0.025mm, and the overflow of the three-stage cyclone is fed into the second-stage magnetic weakening machine;
5）一段弱磁机和二段弱磁机精矿合并给入三段弱磁机，三段弱磁机的精矿给入四段弱磁机，四段弱磁机的精矿给入五段弱磁机，所述的五段弱磁机采用磁振式高效磁选机，五段弱磁机精矿为最终精矿，其精矿品位65%以上，金属回收率53%以上，一段立环磁选机、二段立环磁选机尾矿和一段弱磁机尾矿、二段弱磁机尾矿、三段弱磁机尾矿、四段弱磁机尾矿和五段弱磁机尾矿合并为品位5%～7%的最终尾矿。5) The concentrate of the first-stage magnetic weakening machine and the second-stage magnetic weakening machine are combined into the third-stage magnetic weakening machine, the concentrate of the third-stage magnetic weakening machine is fed into the fourth-stage magnetic weakening machine, and the concentrate of the fourth-stage magnetic weakening machine is fed into the fifth The five-stage magnetic weakening machine adopts a magnetic vibration type high-efficiency magnetic separator, and the concentrate of the five-stage magnetic weakening machine is the final concentrate with a concentrate grade of more than 65% and a metal recovery rate of more than 53%. Vertical ring magnetic separator, two-stage vertical ring magnetic separator tailings and one-stage magnetic weakening machine tailings, two-stage magnetic weakening machine tailings, three-stage magnetic weakening machine tailings, four-stage magnetic weakening machine tailings and five-stage magnetic weakening machine The tailings are combined into final tailings with a grade of 5% to 7%.
本发明选别区内有若干聚磁区、闪振区，当矿浆进入分选区经过聚磁区时磁性矿物形成磁链，磁链向下移动经过闪振区时又被重新击碎，使非磁性矿物随上升水流溢出，这样经过多次聚磁、闪振，使脉石和铁矿物充分分离，实现对极细级别铁矿物的有效回收。There are several magnetic accumulation areas and flash vibration areas in the sorting area of the present invention. When the ore pulp enters the sorting area and passes through the magnetic accumulation area, the magnetic minerals form a magnetic chain, and the magnetic chain is crushed again when it moves downward through the flash vibration area, so that the non-magnetic minerals It overflows with the rising water flow, so that after several times of magnetic accumulation and flash vibration, the gangue and iron minerals are fully separated, and the effective recovery of ultra-fine iron minerals is realized.
本发明的磨矿粒度、磁场强度、粗细分级粒度等参数，都要根据矿石的性质，通过实验研究结果来确定。The parameters of the present invention, such as grinding particle size, magnetic field strength, coarse and subdivision particle size, etc., should be determined according to the properties of the ore and through experimental research results.
采用本发明的工艺，实现了尾矿中铁的高效回收，其回收率较传统工艺提高30个百分点以上。By adopting the technology of the invention, the high-efficiency recovery of iron in the tailings is realized, and the recovery rate is increased by more than 30 percentage points compared with the traditional technology.
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| CN107597430A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-01-19 | 鞍钢集团矿业有限公司 | A kind of magnetic reconnection for handling iron tailings closes ore-dressing technique |
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