CN105222285A - A kind of control system of air-conditioning heating frosting and control method - Google Patents
A kind of control system of air-conditioning heating frosting and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105222285A CN105222285A CN201510744247.9A CN201510744247A CN105222285A CN 105222285 A CN105222285 A CN 105222285A CN 201510744247 A CN201510744247 A CN 201510744247A CN 105222285 A CN105222285 A CN 105222285A
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- air
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- frosting
- conditioning
- detecting element
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of control system of air-conditioning heating frosting, comprise air-conditioning system, described air-conditioning system comprises outdoor unit heat exchanger (3), electric expansion valve (8), compressor (1) and outdoor motor (4), it also comprises outer shroud temperature detecting element (6) and the outer tube temperature detecting element be arranged on outdoor unit heat exchanger (3) and the controller (7) be all electrically connected with said elements, control signal is exported to electric expansion valve (8) by described controller (7), compressor (1), one or more in outdoor motor (4).According to control system of the present invention, frostless control can be carried out to the Frost formation process of heating outdoor unit, improve the comfortableness of indoor heating; Extend the frosting cycle, reduce the defrost action in user's use procedure; Technique is simple, and cost reduces; Initiatively defrosting, overcomes the defect of passive defrosting.The invention still further relates to the control method utilizing this system to carry out frosting control.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to air-conditioning technical field, be specifically related to a kind of control system and control method of air-conditioning heating frosting.
Background technology
In the air-conditioning system of currently available technology when heating indoor under low temperature and high humidity condition winter, outdoor unit heat exchanger generally can frosting, can cause that outer fan delivery reduces, heat transfer effect is deteriorated, causes indoor cannot normally heat supply after frosting.Therefore need to defrost to it.
The patent No. is the method for controlling of operation of CN87105945A air conditioner of heat pump type is defrosted by bypass line, and compressor pasta loss when the object of regulating frequency is to reduce defrosting, cause technique more complicated, and cost is higher.
The patent No. be the operating control device of 94190846.1 air-conditioners set forth be a kind of control refrigerant-recovery after carry out the mode that defrosts, it is still and only only can controls defrosting after frosting, for Frost formation process without control device, when frosting is too fast, easily enter frequent defrost action, impact heats the comfortableness of use;
The patent No. be the Defrost method of 201010190140.1 air-conditioners and application set forth be still conventional Defrost method, namely utilize detection system to having frostless judgement and passive defrosting.
Because the Defrost mode existence of air-conditioning system of the prior art only can control defrosting after frosting, for Frost formation process without control device, when frosting is too fast, easily enter frequent defrost action, cannot initiatively defrost in time, have a strong impact on the comfortableness that indoor heating uses, and technique is more complicated, cost comparatively high-technology problem, therefore research and design of the present invention goes out a kind of control system and control method of air-conditioning heating frosting.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that the Defrost mode existence overcoming air-conditioning system of the prior art only can control defrosting after frosting, for Frost formation process without control device, have a strong impact on the defect of indoor heating comfort, thus a kind of control system and control method of air-conditioning heating frosting are provided.
The invention provides a kind of control system of air-conditioning heating frosting, comprise air-conditioning system, described air-conditioning system comprises outdoor unit heat exchanger, electric expansion valve, compressor and outdoor motor, it also comprises outer shroud temperature detecting element and the controller that is arranged at the outer tube temperature detecting element on outdoor unit heat exchanger and is all electrically connected with said elements, and it is one or more that control signal exports in electric expansion valve, compressor and outdoor motor by described controller.
Preferably, bottom the outer wall that described temperature outside detecting element is arranged on described outdoor unit heat exchanger, middle part, its temperature lowest part, refrigerant inlet place or exit.
Preferably, described air-conditioning system also comprise be arranged at indoor for pipe temperature detecting element in temperature in sensing chamber.
Preferably, at least one in described outer tube temperature detecting element, described environment temperature detecting element and described interior pipe temperature detecting element is temperature temperature-sensitive bag.
Preferably, described air-conditioning system is frequency-conversion air-conditioning system.
The present invention also provides a kind of control method of air-conditioning heating frosting, and it utilizes the control system of aforesaid air-conditioning heating frosting to carry out frosting control and regulation to described air-conditioning system.
Preferably, as the outdoor environment temperature T that outer shroud temperature detector survey element testing obtains
outer shroudwhen reaching the temperature range of setting, the outer tube temperature changing trend △ T of outdoor unit heat exchanger is monitored.
Preferably, the described temperature range set is as-5 ~ 2 degree.
Preferably, the outdoor unit heat exchanger outer tube temperature T obtained is detected in time by the outer tube temperature detecting element on outdoor unit heat exchanger
outer tube, recycling controller carries out analyzing the variation tendency △ T=T judging outdoor unit heat exchanger temperature outside
outer tube-T
outer shroud, when △ T reaches the first assigned temperature, adjustment expansion valve step number, adjustment compressor frequency, at least one item regulated in outdoor motor rotating speed.
Preferably, when △ T is less than described first assigned temperature, reduce the step number of expansion valve; And/or, reduce compressor frequency; And/or, reduce outdoor motor rotating speed.
Preferably, when △ T is greater than described first assigned temperature, increase the step number of expansion valve; And/or, increase compressor frequency; And/or, raise motor speed; And/or, maintain original operation constant.
Preferably, described first assigned temperature is 0 ~-6 degree.
Preferably, when △ T be less than the second assigned temperature indoor environment is significantly lowered the temperature time, direct regulating system makes it reach the condition of defrost fast.
Preferably, the operation of described direct regulating system comprises the step number increasing expansion valve; And/or, increase compressor frequency; And/or, improve motor speed.
Preferably, described second assigned temperature is-7 ~-12 degree.
Control system and the control method of air-conditioning heating frosting provided by the invention have following beneficial effect:
1. can realize carrying out frostless control to the Frost formation process of heating outdoor unit, reduce the defrost action in user's use procedure; Effectively prevent frosting or delayed to arrive the time producing frosting, thus effectively ensure that be unlikely to cause due to frosting indoor temperature to decline suddenly and bring uncomfortable, improve the comfortableness that indoor heating uses;
2. can active adjustment and defrosting, overcome and utilize detection system to the defect having frostless judgement and passive defrosting;
3. can also pass through frequency modulation control off-premises station temperature outside, the thickness of restriction frosting layer and the length of heat pamp, technique is simple, and cost reduces.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Indoor leaving air temp when Fig. 1 is the air-conditioning system heating operation of prior art and the relation schematic diagram of time;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the control system of air-conditioning heating frosting of the present invention;
Indoor leaving air temp when Fig. 3 is air-conditioning system heating operation of the present invention and the relation schematic diagram of time.
In figure, Reference numeral is expressed as:
1-compressor, 2-cross valve, 3-outdoor heat exchanger, 4-outdoor motor, 5-temperature outside detecting element, 6-environment temperature detecting element, 7-controller, 8-electric expansion valve, 9-indoor heat exchanger, 10-gas-liquid separator.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
As shown in Figure 2, the invention provides a kind of control system of air-conditioning heating frosting, comprise air-conditioning system, described air-conditioning system comprises outdoor unit heat exchanger 3, electric expansion valve 8, compressor 1 and outdoor motor 4, its controller 7 also comprising the outer shroud temperature detecting element 6 for detecting outdoor environment temperature and be arranged at the outer tube temperature detecting element 5 on outdoor unit heat exchanger 3 and be all electrically connected with said elements, it is one or more that control signal exports in electric expansion valve 8, compressor 1, outdoor motor 4 by described controller 7.Here outdoor motor drives fan outdoor unit heat exchanger to be carried out to the effect of assisting and strengthening to dispel the heat.
The temperature of outdoor environment can be detected accurately and effectively by outer shroud temperature detecting element, the temperature on outdoor unit heat exchanger can be detected accurately and effectively by outer tube temperature detecting element, again the above-mentioned temperature signal detected is delivered to controller, controller is utilized to analyze it and judge, draw the outer tube temperature variation tendency temperature value △ T on outdoor unit heat exchanger in following certain hour, corresponding operating procedure is performed again by this outer tube temperature variation tendency temperature value △ T, operating procedure signal is exported to electric expansion valve and/or compressor and/or outdoor motor, perform corresponding step (variable expansion valve aperture or step number, and/or adjustment compressor frequency, and/or regulate the rotating speed of outdoor motor), to regulate Air Conditioning Cycle power and to heat, the size of cold, the outer tube temperature variation tendency temperature value of outdoor unit heat exchanger is made to be unlikely to lower than assigned temperature during generation frosting, thus effectively prevent frosting or delayed to arrive the time producing frosting, thus effectively ensure that be unlikely to cause indoor temperature to decline suddenly and bring due to frosting uncomfortable, improve the comfortableness that indoor heating uses, active adjustment can defrost, overcome and utilize detection system to the defect having frostless judgement and passive defrosting, realize carrying out frostless control to the Frost formation process of heating outdoor unit, reduce the defrost action in user's use procedure, can also pass through frequency modulation control off-premises station temperature outside, the thickness of restriction frosting layer and the length of heat pamp, technique is simple, and cost reduces.
Preferably, described temperature outside detecting element 5 is arranged on bottom described outdoor unit heat exchanger 3 outer wall.This is a kind of preferred set-up mode of temperature outside detecting element, can detect the temperature outside outdoor unit heat exchanger exactly.
Preferably, temperature outside detecting element 5 is arranged on described outdoor unit heat exchanger 3 refrigerant inlet place or exit.This is also a kind of preferred set-up mode of temperature outside detecting element, can detect the temperature outside outdoor unit heat exchanger exactly.
Preferably, described temperature outside detecting element 5 is arranged in the middle part of described outdoor unit heat exchanger 3 outer wall.This is also a kind of preferred set-up mode of temperature outside detecting element, can detect the temperature outside outdoor unit heat exchanger exactly.
Preferably, described temperature outside detecting element 5 is arranged at the temperature lowest part of outdoor unit heat exchanger 3.This is also a kind of preferred set-up mode of temperature outside detecting element, can detect the temperature outside outdoor unit heat exchanger exactly.
Preferably, described air-conditioning system also comprise be arranged at indoor for pipe temperature detecting element (not shown) in temperature in sensing chamber.Indoor temperature can be detected in real time and accurately and effectively by pipe temperature detecting element in disposed in the interior, accurately judge temperature variations indoor in frosting control procedure, frosting control procedure is provided to the effect of good data feedback, interpretation of result value is provided to indoor comfortable degree.
Preferably, described temperature outside detecting element 5 and/or described environment temperature detecting element 6 and/or described inner side detector unit are temperature temperature-sensitive bag.This is preferred structure and the kind of detector unit.Certainly the thermometric mode of temperature-sensitive bag can also be need not be confined to.
Preferably, described air-conditioning system is frequency-conversion air-conditioning system.Adopt frequency-conversion air-conditioning system effectively to regulate the frequency of compressor, thus reach air-conditioning system is heated, the intensity of refrigerating capacity regulates, and have effectively achieved the control action to outdoor unit heat exchanger frosting.
The present invention also provides a kind of control method of air-conditioning heating frosting, and it utilizes the control system of aforesaid air-conditioning heating frosting to carry out frosting control and regulation to described air-conditioning system.The outer tube temperature variation tendency temperature value of outdoor unit heat exchanger can be made like this to be unlikely to lower than assigned temperature during generation frosting, thus effectively prevent frosting or delayed to arrive the time producing frosting, thus effectively ensure that be unlikely to cause indoor temperature to decline suddenly and bring due to frosting uncomfortable, improve the comfortableness that indoor heating uses; Active adjustment can defrost, overcome and utilize detection system to the defect having frostless judgement and passive defrosting; Can also realize carrying out frostless control to heating outdoor unit, reduce the defrost action in user's use procedure; Can also pass through frequency modulation control off-premises station temperature outside, the thickness of restriction frosting layer and the length of heat pamp, technique is simple, and cost reduces.
Preferably, when outer shroud temperature detecting element 6 detects when the outdoor environment temperature obtained reaches the temperature range of setting, the outer tube temperature changing trend △ T of outdoor unit heat exchanger 3 is monitored.Such controlled condition is taked to be because when the environment temperature that air-conditioning system is in just there will be frosting situation lower than during uniform temperature, if when higher than the situation that there will not be frosting during this temperature, therefore avoid the situation of the idle work doing invalid operational motion, be also frosting and control to provide effective precondition.
Preferably, the described temperature range set is as-5 ~ 2 degree.This is the temperature range of the outdoor environment temperature of conventional air-conditioning system generation frosting, is set to that such design temperature interval can provide the operating condition of prerequisite for the frosting action that prevents afterwards, frost-free to greatest extent when ensureing that air-conditioning system is run.Further preferably, can segment again the temperature range of this setting, as-5 ~-4 degree ,-4 ~-3 degree etc.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 3, indoor leaving air temp when it illustrates air-conditioning system heating operation of the present invention and the relation schematic diagram of time.Wherein:
A segment table shows the indoor process normally heated;
When B segment table shows outer tube temperature trend △ T< the first assigned temperature, carry out system fading margin compensation and make △ T > first assigned temperature all the time, delay the stage arriving frosting;
When C segment table shows outer tube temperature variation tendency △ T< the second assigned temperature, the stage of direct regulating system, (make its reach as early as possible can the condition of defrost);
D segment table shows the stage of normal defrost.
The outdoor unit heat exchanger outer tube temperature T obtained is detected in time by the outer tube temperature detecting element 5 on outdoor unit heat exchanger 3
outer tube, utilize controller 7 to carry out analyzing variation tendency △ the T (=T judging outer tube temperature
outer tube-t
outer shroud), when △ T reaches the first assigned temperature, adjustment expansion valve step number, and/or adjustment compressor frequency, and/or regulate outdoor motor rotating speed.Can suppress Frost formation process like this, realize the frosting cycle of heating outdoor unit under frostless control when heating outdoor unit under sub-load faces frosting and prolongation load or greatly extend the frosting cycle, reduce the defrost action in user's use procedure, improve the comfortableness that indoor heating uses.
Preferably, when △ T is less than the first assigned temperature, reduce the step number of expansion valve; And/or, reduce compressor frequency; And/or, reduce outdoor motor rotating speed.Show that when △ T is less than assigned temperature the outer tube of now outdoor unit heat exchanger will produce frost, therefore the intensity of system cloud gray model can be reduced by above-mentioned adjustment, make the automatic varying loading of system, line temperature outside off-premises station is made to increase, maintain △ T> first assigned temperature, extend the time that frosting does not occur outer machine, although now complete machine provides heating capacity than step-down under usual conditions, but owing to there is no the obstruction of frost layer, the coefficient of heat transfer is still greater than the effect after frosting, complete machine leaving air temp keeps declining more gently, greatly improve comfortableness.
Here it should be noted that, reduce the step number of expansion valve and can reduce intensity to cold-producing medium throttling expansion and power, reach and reduce the object that air-conditioning system heats circulating power; Reduce compressor operating frequency and directly can reach the object that reduction air-conditioning system heats circulating power; In addition, outdoor motor drives fan to carry out auxiliary heat dissipation to outdoor unit heat exchanger, therefore reduces intensity and power that outdoor motor rotating speed can reduce outdoor heat exchanger evaporation endothermic effectively, and final acquisition prevents frosting or delays the effect of frosting.
Preferably, when △ T is greater than the first assigned temperature, increase the step number of expansion valve; And/or, increase compressor frequency; And/or, raise motor speed; And/or, maintain original operation constant.Show that when △ T is greater than assigned temperature now outdoor unit heat exchanger outer tube does not also reach frosting or the degree by frosting, therefore now by maintaining the action of original operation or further increasing power, the effect that can also improve further on the basis of frost-free indoor heating can be made.
Preferably, described first assigned temperature is 0 ~-6 degree.First assigned temperature is selected and is set as that-6 degree are what to draw according to a large amount of experiments and result of study, usually at outdoor unit heat exchanger outer tube temperature T
outer tubelower than outdoor environment temperature T
outer shroudthe phenomenon of frosting can occur when 6 degree, and such setting can effectively ensure and prevent the phenomenon of outdoor unit heat exchanger frosting from occurring and delay the time of frosting, makes complete machine leaving air temp keep mild and declines, effectively improve the level of comfort of indoor environment.Certainly this basis must meet at T
outer shroudcan meet under temperature range (such as-5 ~ 2 degree) set by arrival.And also can change according to this first assigned temperature under each region, various meteorological condition, can adjust according to actual conditions.
Here preferably the first assigned temperature is-5 degree further, supposes that when outer tube=-3 are spent, frosting certain thickness affects performance, now △ T=-3-2=-5 degree, as △ T<-5 when outer shroud=2 degree.Illustrate that frosting starts to become thicker.At this moment by regulating electric expansion valve or outer blower fan, outer tube temperature can be made to raise, maintaining △ T>-5 degree.
Preferably, when △ T be less than the second assigned temperature indoor environment is significantly lowered the temperature time, mean that the frost layer of now outdoor unit heat exchanger outer tube is thicker, calculate that now indoor heat exchange becomes very poor, the time now continuing to delay frosting can not maintain or improve indoor temperature and (badly influence the operation of air-conditioning system because frost layer is thicker, continuing through variable expansion valve or outer blower fan etc. also cannot make △ T become large), then now directly regulating system makes it reach the condition of defrost fast, thus shorten the time of indoor temperature reduction, make to complete defrost as early as possible, recover normal indoor heating, improve indoor comfortableness.
The operation of further preferred described direct regulating system comprises the step number increasing expansion valve; And/or, increase compressor frequency; And/or improve motor speed, make effectively to shorten air-conditioning system and arrive the time can carrying out direct defrost, making air-conditioning system to arrive as early as possible can the degree of defrost.
Preferably, described second assigned temperature is-7 ~-12 degree.Second assigned temperature is selected and is set as that-10 degree are what to draw according to a large amount of experiments and result of study, the phenomenon of frost layer thicker, serious frosting can be there is when usually reaching this temperature, indoor heat exchange is caused to become very poor, now make to operate the degree that antiport accelerates outdoor condensation heat release, shorten it and reach the time can carrying out defrost, thus reduce the time of indoor uncomfortable (temperature reduction).
Here preferably the second assigned temperature is-10 degree further, when △ T low to this value (-10 degree) time, △ T also cannot be made to become large by variable expansion valve and outer blower fan, then directly enter quick defrost.
Preferably, after this direct regulating system makes it reach the step of the condition of defrost fast, the action of defrost is just performed.Further preferably can select the direction of the closed circuit by cross valve conversion cold-producing medium, outdoor unit heat exchanger be heated, indoor refrigeration, to reach the object directly defrosted to off-premises station frosting.
The present invention, by frequency modulation control off-premises station Guan Wen, makes under some load, limit the thickness of frosting layer and the length of heat pamp; Under some load, utilize the adjustable electronic valve of system and Frequency Adjustable rotating speed to change flow and system loading, effectively control Frost formation process not affecting under comfortableness condition, the frequent frosting defrost of prevention that can be at utmost intelligent down, and the timely defrost when frosting thickness effect comfortableness, be a kind of intelligent mode of active adjustment system.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand, under the prerequisite of not conflicting, above-mentioned each advantageous manner freely can combine, superpose.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite not departing from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and modification, these improve and modification also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. the control system of an air-conditioning heating frosting, comprise air-conditioning system, described air-conditioning system comprises outdoor unit heat exchanger (3), electric expansion valve (8), compressor (1) and outdoor motor (4), it is characterized in that: also comprise outer shroud temperature detecting element (6) and the outer tube temperature detecting element (5) that is arranged on outdoor unit heat exchanger (3) and the controller (7) be all electrically connected with said elements, control signal is exported to electric expansion valve (8) by described controller (7), one or more in compressor (1) and outdoor motor (4).
2. the control system of air-conditioning heating frosting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: bottom the outer wall that described outer tube temperature detecting element (5) is arranged on described outdoor unit heat exchanger (3), middle part, its temperature lowest part, refrigerant inlet place or exit.
3., according to the control system of the air-conditioning heating frosting one of claim 1-2 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that: described air-conditioning system also comprise be arranged at indoor for pipe temperature detecting element in temperature in sensing chamber.
4. the control system of air-conditioning heating frosting according to claim 3, is characterized in that: at least one in described outer tube temperature detecting element (5), described outer shroud temperature detecting element (6) and described interior pipe temperature detecting element is temperature temperature-sensitive bag.
5. according to the control system of the air-conditioning heating frosting one of claim 1-4 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that: described air-conditioning system is frequency-conversion air-conditioning system.
6. a control method for air-conditioning heating frosting, is characterized in that: utilize the control system of the described air-conditioning heating frosting of one of claim 1-5 to carry out frosting control and regulation to described air-conditioning system.
7. the control method of air-conditioning heating frosting according to claim 6, is characterized in that: when outer shroud temperature detecting element (6) detects the outdoor environment temperature T obtained
outer shroudwhen reaching the temperature range of setting, the outer tube temperature changing trend △ T of outdoor unit heat exchanger (3) is monitored.
8. the control method of air-conditioning heating frosting according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the described temperature range set is as-5 ~ 2 degree.
9. according to the control method of the air-conditioning heating frosting one of claim 7-8 Suo Shu, it is characterized in that: detected the outdoor unit heat exchanger outer tube temperature T obtained in time by the outer tube temperature detecting element (5) on outdoor unit heat exchanger (3)
outer tube, recycling controller carries out analysis and judges outer tube temperature changing trend △ T=T
outer tube-T
outer shroud, when △ T reaches the first assigned temperature, adjustment expansion valve step number, adjustment compressor frequency, at least one item regulated in outdoor motor rotating speed.
10. the control method of air-conditioning heating frosting according to claim 9, is characterized in that: when △ T is less than described first assigned temperature, reduces the step number of expansion valve; And/or, reduce compressor frequency; And/or, reduce outdoor motor rotating speed.
The control method of 11. air-conditioning heating frostings according to claim 9, is characterized in that: when △ T is greater than described first assigned temperature, increases the step number of expansion valve; And/or, increase compressor frequency; And/or, raise motor speed; And/or, maintain original operation constant.
12., according to the control method of the air-conditioning heating frosting one of claim 9-11 Suo Shu, is characterized in that: described first assigned temperature is 0 ~-6 degree.
13., according to the control method of the air-conditioning heating frosting one of claim 7-8 Suo Shu, is characterized in that: when △ T be less than the second assigned temperature indoor environment is significantly lowered the temperature time, direct regulating system makes it reach the condition of defrost fast.
The control method of 14. air-conditioning heating frostings according to claim 13, is characterized in that: the operation of described direct regulating system comprises the step number increasing expansion valve; And/or, increase compressor frequency; And/or, improve motor speed.
15., according to the control method of the air-conditioning heating frosting one of claim 13-14 Suo Shu, is characterized in that: described second assigned temperature is-7 ~-12 degree.
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