CN105222140A - A kind of waste gas purification apparatus for high-temperature heating device and method - Google Patents

A kind of waste gas purification apparatus for high-temperature heating device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105222140A
CN105222140A CN201510684249.3A CN201510684249A CN105222140A CN 105222140 A CN105222140 A CN 105222140A CN 201510684249 A CN201510684249 A CN 201510684249A CN 105222140 A CN105222140 A CN 105222140A
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heating device
temperature heating
waste gas
purification
purifying part
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CN105222140B (en
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吴正玉
汪琦
陆海全
姚水良
韩竞一
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Zhejiang Gongshang University
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Zhejiang Gongshang University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of waste gas purification apparatus for high-temperature heating device and method, waste gas purification apparatus comprises: the first purifying part, is located at described high-temperature heating device inner and with the first air inlet; Second purifying part, is located at described high-temperature heating device outside and is connected with the second air inlet be arranged on high-temperature heating device; Blower fan, provides power for the first purifying part and the second purifying part and is discharged by purified gas.The present invention adopts step purification method, and the first purification part is positioned over high-temperature heating device inside, and this part is removed organic matter; Described second purifying part is arranged at high-temperature heating device outside, is removed by inorganic gas, the organic exhaust gas produced and inorganic waste gases can be purified simultaneously, prevent toxic emission from working the mischief to health and environment in heating process.

Description

A kind of waste gas purification apparatus for high-temperature heating device and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of waste gas treatment, be specifically related to a kind of waste gas purification apparatus for high-temperature heating device and method.
Background technology
The units such as colleges and universities now, scientific research institutions, factory are carrying out often using high-temperature heating device to carry out determination of elemental analysis and various material calcination in the processes such as scientific research, product manufacturing and catalyst preparing, and this process all produces a large amount of toxic and harmfuls.Two large classes can be divided specifically, the first kind is organic pernicious gas, as: hydro carbons (benzene,toluene,xylene, formaldehyde etc.), halogenated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) etc., this kind of gas majority has penetrating odor and toxic or hypertoxicity, very large harm is had to health, be disposed in air, spread effect is had to the eye of people, nose, respiratory tract, also adverse effect can be produced to the internal organ such as the heart, lung, liver and nervous system, even cause acute and slow poisoning, can carcinogenic, mutagenesis; Equations of The Second Kind is inorganic hazardous gas, as: nitrogen oxide, sulfur-containing compound, phosphorous oxides and there is volatile acid alkaline gas etc., this kind of gas also can threaten to health and environment, if NO in NOx is blood borne poisonous substance, strong adhesion is had with hemoglobin, change oxygen and hemoglobin into denatured hemoglobin, make human body be in anaerobic condition rapidly.NO 2there is intense stimulus effect to eyes and paging system, when it enters lower respiratory tract, cause bronchiectasis, even toxic pneumonitis and pulmonary edema, the function of the infringement heart, liver, kidney and hematopoietic tissue, serious caused death.CO also can be combined by the hemoglobin in blood of human body, causes expiratory dyspnea and then occurs poisoning; Gaseous state phosphorus pentoxide can enter human body by respiratory tract and skin, and short-term sucks in a large number can stimulate respiratory tract, occurs sphagitis, bronchitis, and severe patient generation laryngeal edema causes and suffocates.
The pernicious gas produced when working for high-temperature heating device, if do not impose control techniques, these harmful substances spill in environment by stove surrounding or are directly disposed in air and all will cause serious harm to environment and human body.
Such as Authorization Notice No. is the China of CN203797670U utility modelpatent discloses a kind of liquid waste treating apparatus, be provided with the Muffle furnace for burning waste liquid, this device carries air through air inlet by air pump in Muffle furnace, and the waste gas in Muffle furnace is delivered to cooling vessel by blast pipe, the waste gas of cooling through Cemented filling to exhaust-gas treatment container.It is Sealing Arrangement that this patent highlights Muffle furnace, and with air pump air feed and bleeding, and the Muffle furnace equipment in reality is not Sealing Arrangement, has a large amount of waste gas from Muffle furnace surrounding to come out when roasting thing, causes environmental pollution.In addition, this purifier individual layer air feed is to Muffle furnace and then extract out, causes heat energy loss.
Summary of the invention
For solving the technical problem of the exhaust emission environment produced when high-temperature heating device heats, the invention provides a kind of waste gas purification apparatus for high-temperature heating device and method.
For a waste gas purification apparatus for high-temperature heating device, comprising:
First purifying part, is located at described high-temperature heating device inner and with the first air inlet;
Second purifying part, is located at described high-temperature heating device outside and is connected with the second air inlet be arranged on high-temperature heating device;
Blower fan, provides power for the first purifying part and the second purifying part and is discharged by purified gas.
Apparatus of the present invention adopt step purification method, and the first purification part is positioned over high-temperature heating device inside, and this part is removed organic matter; Second purifying part is arranged at high-temperature heating device outside, is removed by inorganic gas, the organic exhaust gas produced and inorganic waste gases can be purified simultaneously, prevent toxic emission from working the mischief to health and environment in heating process.
The performance such as flow, rotating speed, power of blower fan should be suitable for temperature-control range and the intensification degree rate of high-temperature heating device, the generation of the problem such as avoid causing because purification flow rate is little slow the or purification flow rate of purification process to cause greatly high-temperature heating device function influenced.Preferred employing resisting blower (100-600 DEG C), flow 1-100m 3/ h.
First purifying part is mainly used in purifying the organic pollution produced in heating process, and preferred employing is high temperature resistant and the sorbing material that specific area is large carries out adsorption treatment.Therefore, preferably, described first purifying part is adsorbent equipment, this adsorbent equipment adopt adsorbent to be at least one in aluminium oxide, silica, magnesia, calcium oxide, titanium dioxide, high temperature molecular sieve and zeolite.
High temperature molecular sieve is 5A molecular sieve, 4A molecular sieve, 3A molecular sieve, 10X molecular sieve and 13X molecular sieve etc. more preferably.
Still more preferably, described adsorbent is alchlor, for the first purification part adsorb organic compound.
Further preferably, the shape of the adsorbent in described first purifying part is at least one in cellular, tabular, graininess and cylindrical shape.Still more preferably, the shape of described adsorbent is cellular or graininess.
Adsorbent equipment is originally as this area conventional absorbtion device, and the present invention is mainly that the adsorbent in adsorbent equipment is selected.
Second purifying part is mainly used in removing the inorganic pollution in waste gas, and preferably, described second purifying part is at least one in filter, adsorbent equipment, absorption tower, catalytic purification reactor and plasma reactor.
Filter, adsorbent equipment, absorption tower, catalytic purification reactor and plasma reactor are the conventional equipment in waste gas purification field, adopt wherein one or more combination.
Most preferably, described second purifying part is plasma discharge synergistic sorption purification reactor, comprising:
Reactor body, one end of this reactor is with air inlet, and the other end is with gas outlet;
That is located in described reactor is some to electrode, and often pair of electrode is made up of the earth electrode of the high-field electrode and ground connection that connect high voltage source;
Correspondence is located at the dielectric-slab between the high-field electrode of often pair of electrode and earth electrode;
Correspondence is filled in the adsorbent between dielectric-slab.
That is: arranged in parallel between some electrode pairs in reactor body, often pair of electrode pair is made up of the earth electrode of the high-field electrode and ground connection that connect high voltage source, two blocks of dielectric-slabs arranged in parallel are set between the high-field electrode of often pair of electrode pair and earth electrode, between two blocks of dielectric-slabs, fill adsorbent.
Further preferably, the discharge voltage 0.1-1000kV of dielectric impedance reactor of the present invention, frequency 10-10000Hz; Filler particles thing adsorbent in discharging gap; Adsorbent is activated alumina, magnesia, calcium oxide, oxidation are received, the metal oxide such as potassium oxide, titanium dioxide and the medium at least one of silica, high temperature molecular sieve and zeolite or its several compound.
Preferably, also comprise the temp controlled meter being located at described high-temperature heating device inside and the flow control valve be located on described fan outlet pipeline, described flow control valve is connected with temp controlled meter.
Further preferably, also comprise the refluxing opening be located on described high-temperature heating device, a wherein road of the export pipeline of described blower fan is connected to this refluxing opening.
Flow control valve accepts the temperature signal of temp controlled meter and according to the temperature signal adjust flux received, the gas flow controlling to discharge is greater than the swell increment equaling gas; Second purifying part purified gas controls through flow control valve, and a part is discharged, part backflow.Heat exchange is carried out in reflux gas and purifier air inlet, so that heat recovery.
Preferably, between described refluxing opening and the second air inlet, there is certain distance, prevent gas short circuit.
Preferably, described high-temperature heating device is Muffle furnace, boiler or baking oven.Most preferably be Muffle furnace.
Also be provided with the autocontrol valve for controlling the first air inlet and the second air inlet opening and closing.
Gas pipeline of the present invention needs corrosion-and high-temp-resistant.
During high-temperature heating device work, start purifier of the present invention, the first air inlet is opened, the second inlet close, waste gas purification apparatus enters the first purification part by the first air inlet, and the adsorbent of the first purification part all adsorbs the organic and inorganic gas that high-temperature heating produces; When heating-up temperature is elevated to setting value (50-300 DEG C), the first inlet close is controlled by autocontrol valve, second air inlet is opened, and the organic matter of the first purification partial adsorbates is at high temperature burned is oxidized to harmless carbon dioxide, harmful inorganic matter at high temperature desorption.Harmful inorganic gas after desorption enters to the second purifying part by the second air inlet and purifies.Purified gas controls through flow control valve, and a part is discharged, and another part refluxes.Reflux gas and purifier air inlet carry out heat exchange at return duct, so that heat recovery.
Comprise a Muffle furnace for described waste gas purification apparatus, comprise Muffle furnace body, described waste gas purification apparatus is arranged on Muffle furnace body.Muffle furnace body is conventional Muffle furnace.
When firing equipment is Muffle furnace, the preferred installation site of the first purifying part is on the sidewall at close top in Muffle furnace, second air inlet is preferably arranged on Muffle furnace top, and refluxing opening is preferably arranged on Muffle furnace top and away from the first air inlet and the second air inlet place.
The present invention also provides a kind of exhaust gas purifying method for high-temperature heating device, comprises the steps:
(1) waste gas produced during high-temperature heating device heating carries out primary purification in high-temperature heating device, remove the organic pollution produced in heating process, the method of described primary purification is absorption, and sorbent used is at least one in aluminium oxide, silica, magnesia, calcium oxide, titanium dioxide, high temperature molecular sieve and zeolite;
(2) waste gas after primary purification is delivered to outside high-temperature heating device and is carried out double purification, removes the inorganic pollution in waste gas, and the method for described double purification is at least one in filtration, absorption, absorption, catalytic purification and plasma reaction;
(3) gas after double purification is discharged through flow control valve metering rear portion, and a part is back in high-temperature heating device carries out energy regenerating.
Preferably, described flow control valve is according to the temperature regulated flow in high-temperature heating device.
Purification method of the present invention is preferably realized by waste gas purification apparatus of the present invention.
Preferably, the method for described double purification is the purification of plasma discharge synergistic sorption, the discharge voltage 0.1-1000kV of plasma discharge process, frequency 10-10000Hz; The adsorbent of adsorption cleaning is activated alumina, and its area load has CaO.To containing SO 2and NO xwaste gas there is good treatment effect.
Preferably, when temperature in high-temperature heating device reach 200 DEG C and above time, open the second purifying part, carry out double purification.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
In prior art, the units such as colleges and universities, scientific research institutions, factory are carrying out often using high-temperature heating device to carry out determination of elemental analysis and various material calcination in the processes such as scientific research, product manufacturing and catalyst preparing, this process all produces a large amount of toxic and harmfuls, if do not impose control techniques, these harmful substances spill in environment by stove surrounding or are directly disposed in air and all will cause serious harm to environment and human body.
The present invention adopts step purification method, and the first purification part is positioned over high-temperature heating device inside, and this part is removed organic matter; Second purifying part is arranged at high-temperature heating device outside, is removed by inorganic gas, the organic exhaust gas produced and inorganic waste gases can be purified simultaneously, prevent toxic emission from working the mischief to health and environment in heating process.
Accompanying drawing explanation
fig. 1this bright uselessthe structural representation of air purifying apparatus figure.
fig. 2it is the structural representation of the present invention second purifying part figure.
fig. 3for the treatment effect of embodiment 1 figure.
fig. 4for the treatment effect of embodiment 2 figure.
in figureshown in accompanying drawingmark as follows:
1-first air inlet 2-second air inlet 3-first purifying part
4-second purifying part 5-blower fan 6-flow control valve
7-exhaust outlet 8-refluxing opening 9-high-temperature heating device body
10-return duct 11-autocontrol valve 4-1-high-field electrode
4-2-earth electrode 4-3-adsorbent 4-4-dielectric-slab
4-5-electrode pair 4-6-reactor body.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make this inventiontechnical problem to be solved, technical scheme and beneficial effect are clearly understood, below in conjunction with accompanying drawingand embodiment, to this inventionbe further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only for explaining the present invention, being not intended to limit the present invention.
Purifier of the present invention as Fig. 1shown in, comprise high-temperature heating device body 9, this high-temperature heating device body is laboratory conventional high temperature firing equipment, such as Muffle furnace, in this high-temperature heating device inside (for Muffle furnace, preferably be arranged on the sidewall at close top in Muffle furnace) the first purifying part 3 is set, first purifying part is with the first air inlet 1, in present embodiment, first purifying part is adsorbent equipment, adsorbent equipment itself can adopt conventional absorbtion device, adsorbent in adsorbent equipment is activated alumina, silica, magnesia, calcium oxide, titanium dioxide, at least one in high temperature molecular sieve and zeolite, activated alumina is preferably in present embodiment.
Second air inlet 2 and refluxing opening 6 are set at the top of high-temperature heating device body 9, in high-temperature heating device body 9 outer setting second purifying part 4, the air inlet of the second purifying part is connected with the second air inlet 2, second purifying part is filter, adsorbent equipment, absorption tower, at least one in catalytic purification reactor and plasma reactor, filter, adsorbent equipment, absorption tower, catalytic purification reactor and plasma reactor are the conventional equipment in waste gas purification field, first air inlet and the second air inlet control to start and close by autocontrol valve 11.
In present embodiment, the second purifying part preferably adopts dielectric impedance reactor, structural representation figure is as Fig. 2shown in, comprise reactor body 4-6, one end of reactor is with air inlet, and the other end is with gas outlet.Arranged in parallel between some electrode pair 4-5 in reactor, each electrode and gas move towards to parallel, often pair of electrode pair is made up of the earth electrode 4-2 of the high-field electrode 4-1 and ground connection that connect high voltage source, two pieces of dielectric-slab 4-4 arranged in parallel are set between the high-field electrode of often pair of electrode pair and earth electrode, fill adsorbent 4-3 between two blocks of dielectric-slabs, adsorbent is the activated alumina ball that load has CaO.
The discharge voltage 0.1-1000kV of dielectric impedance reactor, frequency 10-10000Hz; Filler particles thing adsorbent in discharging gap.
In high-temperature heating device body 9 outside, one Fans 5 is also set, blower fan 5 is connected with the first purifying part and the second purifying part, power is provided for waste gas enters in the first purifying part or the second purifying part, and the second purifying part purified gas is discharged, the export pipeline of blower fan 5 is arranged flow control valve 6, divide two-way by the gas after flow control valve measures, a road is exhaust outlet 7, and a route return duct 10 is connected to refluxing opening 8.Purified gas controls through flow control valve, and a part is discharged, and another part refluxes.Heat exchange is carried out in reflux gas and purifier air inlet, so that heat recovery.
Simultaneously be connected to electroheat pair in high-temperature heating device inside, electroheat pair temperature sensor passes to temp controlled meter, and flow control valve is connected with temp controlled meter, the temperature information accepting temp controlled meter also adjust flux based on this.
For Muffle furnace, when Muffle furnace starts time, this waste gas purification apparatus first air inlet is opened by controller valve, the second inlet close, organic and the inorganic waste gases now produced in stove is all entered the first purification part by by the first air inlet, divides carry out adsorption cleaning in the first purification portion; When heating-up temperature is elevated to setting value, as 200 DEG C, the first inlet close, second air inlet is opened, burnedly harmless carbon dioxide is oxidized under the organic matter of the first purification partial adsorbates high temperature after temperature raises, meanwhile, harmful inorganic matter at high temperature desorption of the first purification partial adsorbates.Inorganic gas after desorption enters the second purifying part by the 2nd air inlet and purifies, and the second purifying part is that electric discharge synergistic sorption purifies.(the reagent raw material for roasting be nitrate or sulfate time, the waste gas produced in roasting process is SO 2and NO x, now the sorbing material of the second purifying part is the activated alumina ball particle that load has calcium oxide, under electric discharge, produce strong oxidizing property active material as O and OH and SO 2and NO xcalcium oxide reaction is CaSO 4and CaNO 3.) purified gas controls through flow control valve, a part is discharged, and another part refluxes.Heat exchange is carried out in reflux gas and purifier air inlet, so that heat recovery
Embodiment 1 organic exhaust gas and mineral acid waste gas purification)
With cleaning catalyst MnO x/ TiO 2the waste gas produced in Muffle furnace roasting process is example.
Catalyst MnO x/ TiO 2obtain with sol-gel process, reagent used is: tetrabutyl titanate, ethanol, water, acetic acid and manganese nitrate.Producing process: at room temperature stir, forms yellow sol.Stablize a few days, be converted into after gel until colloidal sol, gel is dried 12h at 100 DEG C, obtain a porosu solid, then roasting 6h at 600 DEG C in Muffle furnace, can obtain catalyst MnO x/ TiO 2.
Producing catalyst MnO x/ TiO 2oven dry roasting process in, when opening Muffle furnace, purifier is opened simultaneously, first air inlet is opened (the first purification partial interior fills activated alumina), second inlet close, produce the volatilization gas such as ethanol, acetic acid in heating process to be entered by the first air inlet, and purify part by activated alumina ball adsorption cleaning at first of purifier.Along with in-furnace temperature raises, when temperature is higher than 200 DEG C, control valve is by the first inlet close, and the second air inlet is opened, and the gas now produced in stove is with inorganic gas NO 2be main, NO 2directly enter the second purifying part and be cleaned that (the second purifying part is for being filled with CaO-Al 2o 3).A purified gas part is discharged, and a part is back in stove.Along with heating is carried out, after in-furnace temperature is greater than 500 DEG C, the oxidized burning of organic matter of the sorbent of the first purification part is the innocuous gas such as carbon dioxide, simultaneously, this first purifies the inorganic gas desorption partially absorbed, and the inorganic gas after desorption enters the second purifying part by the second air inlet and is discharged synergistic sorption and purifies.
Detect respectively in exit and do not add adsorption particle and add adsorption particle exhaust gas concentration value.
as Fig. 3shown in, when not purifying, the maximum concentration of ethanol can reach 850.39mg/m 3, NO 2cmax can reach 126.05mg/m 3, when the first purification part all puts into adsorbent with the second purifying part, and the discharge voltage of the second purifying part is 8kV, and frequency is 50Hz, can reach 96.73%, to NO to ethanol single purifying rate 2single purifying rate reaches 98.86%.
Embodiment 2 (inorganic alkaline waste gas purification)
For the waste gas that cleaning catalyst Ni-Mo-W produces in Muffle furnace roasting process.
By ammonium molybdate and metatungstic acid ammonia water-soluble, dropwise add ammoniacal liquor and regulate pH to appropriate value, and be heated to uniform temperature, obtain solution A.Nickel nitrate is soluble in water and be heated to the temperature identical with solution A, obtain solution B.Solution B is slowly added drop-wise in solution A, dropwises rear arrest reaction a period of time.Then catalyst n i-Mo-W type catalyst is obtained by after solution filtration, washing, drying, roasting.Inorganic hazardous gas NH can be produced in this drying and roasting process 3.
In the oven dry roasting process producing catalyst n i-Mo-W, in drying and roasting process, purifier and Muffle furnace are opened simultaneously, now only have inorganic waste gases-NH 3produce, so the gas in Muffle furnace directly enters to the second purifying part from the second air inlet, purified by electric discharge synergistic sorption in the second purifying part.
Exit detect respectively do not purify with purify after the concentration value of waste gas.
as Fig. 4shown in, when not purifying, NH 3maximum concentration can reach 750mg/m 3, this waste gas enters into the second purifying part through blower fan, and what regulate the second purifying part is discharged to 5kV, frequency 30Hz, NH 3harmless N is oxidized at this region of discharge being filled with activated alumina ball 2, now, NH 3clearance reach 98.13%.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. for a waste gas purification apparatus for high-temperature heating device, it is characterized in that, comprising:
First purifying part, is located at described high-temperature heating device inner and with the first air inlet;
Second purifying part, is located at described high-temperature heating device outside and is connected with the second air inlet be arranged on high-temperature heating device;
Blower fan, provides power for the first purifying part and the second purifying part and is discharged by purified gas.
2. according to claim 1 for the waste gas purification apparatus of high-temperature heating device, it is characterized in that, described first purifying part is adsorbent equipment, this adsorbent equipment adopt adsorbent to be at least one in aluminium oxide, silica, magnesia, calcium oxide, titanium dioxide, high temperature molecular sieve and zeolite.
3. according to claim 1 for the waste gas purification apparatus of high-temperature heating device, it is characterized in that, described second purifying part is at least one in filter, adsorbent equipment, absorption tower, catalytic purification reactor and plasma reactor.
4. according to claim 1 for the waste gas purification apparatus of high-temperature heating device, it is characterized in that, described second purifying part is plasma discharge synergistic sorption purification reactor, comprising:
Reactor body, one end of this reactor is with air inlet, and the other end is with gas outlet;
That is located in described reactor is some to electrode, and often pair of electrode is made up of the earth electrode of the high-field electrode and ground connection that connect high voltage source;
Correspondence is located at the dielectric-slab between the high-field electrode of often pair of electrode and earth electrode;
Correspondence is filled in the adsorbent between dielectric-slab.
5. according to claim 1 for the waste gas purification apparatus of high-temperature heating device, it is characterized in that, also comprise the temp controlled meter being located at described high-temperature heating device inside and the flow control valve be located on described fan outlet pipeline, described flow control valve is connected with temp controlled meter.
6. according to claim 1 for the waste gas purification apparatus of high-temperature heating device, it is characterized in that, also comprise the refluxing opening be located on described high-temperature heating device, a wherein road of the export pipeline of described blower fan is connected to this refluxing opening.
7. according to claim 1 for the waste gas purification apparatus of high-temperature heating device, it is characterized in that, described high-temperature heating device is Muffle furnace, boiler or baking oven.
8. according to claim 1 for the waste gas purification apparatus of high-temperature heating device, it is characterized in that, being also provided with the autocontrol valve for controlling the first air inlet and the second air inlet opening and closing.
9. for an exhaust gas purifying method for high-temperature heating device, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) waste gas produced during high-temperature heating device heating carries out primary purification in high-temperature heating device, remove the organic pollution produced in heating process, the method of described primary purification is absorption, and sorbent used is at least one in aluminium oxide, silica, magnesia, calcium oxide, titanium dioxide, high temperature molecular sieve and zeolite;
(2) waste gas after primary purification is delivered to outside high-temperature heating device and is carried out double purification, removes the inorganic pollution in waste gas, and the method for described double purification is at least one in filtration, absorption, absorption, catalytic purification and plasma reaction;
(3) gas after double purification is discharged through flow control valve metering rear portion, and a part is back in high-temperature heating device carries out energy regenerating.
10. exhaust gas purifying method according to claim 9, is characterized in that, the method for described double purification for purifying for plasma discharge synergistic sorption, the discharge voltage 0.1-1000kV of plasma discharge process, frequency 10-10000Hz; The adsorbent of adsorption cleaning is activated alumina, magnesia, calcium oxide, oxidation are received, at least one in potassium oxide, titanium dioxide, silica, high temperature molecular sieve and zeolite.
CN201510684249.3A 2015-10-20 2015-10-20 A kind of exhaust gas purifying method for high-temperature heating device Expired - Fee Related CN105222140B (en)

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