CN105206371A - Rare earth permanent magnetic material with low cost and high coercive force - Google Patents
Rare earth permanent magnetic material with low cost and high coercive force Download PDFInfo
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- CN105206371A CN105206371A CN201510669653.3A CN201510669653A CN105206371A CN 105206371 A CN105206371 A CN 105206371A CN 201510669653 A CN201510669653 A CN 201510669653A CN 105206371 A CN105206371 A CN 105206371A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rare earth permanent magnetic material with low cost and high coercive force. The rare earth permanent magnetic material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 20-35% of rare earth elements, 0.8-1.5% of boron, 0.02-0.2% of zinc, 0.5-5% of manganese, 0.1-3% of titanium, 0.02-0.5% of tin, 0.02-0.5% of zirconium, 0.02-0.5% of chromium, 0.5-5% of aluminum and the balance of iron and inevitable impurities. The mechanical property and coercive force of the permanent magnetic material are greatly improved, the cost is low, the manufacturing stability is high, the manufacturing method is simple, and large-scale industrial production is easy to realize.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to alloy field, be all greatly improved and rare earth permanent-magnetic material with low cost in particular to a kind of mechanical property and coercive force.
Background technology
Since 1966, added a newcomer in permanent magnetic material, it is exactly " rare-earth permanent magnet ".Due to the performance of rare earth permanent-magnetic material excellence, its application that appears as opens the brand-new gate of a fan.Particularly the third generation rare earth permanent-magnetic material neodymium iron boron of nineteen eighty-three appearance, is the permanent magnetic material that in the world today, magnetic is the strongest always.
Nd-Fe-B rare earth permanent magnetic material is the important foundation material supporting modern society, closely bound up with the life of people.Little of wrist-watch, camera, recorder, CD player, VCD machine, hard disc of computer, CD drive, arrive greatly automobile, generator, aerotrain, Medical Instruments etc., permanent magnetic material is omnipresent.Magnetic material is filled with in low-carbon (LC) life, rare earth permanent magnet NdFeB material plays very important role, in wind power generation, hybrid power/electric automobile, energy-conservation household electrical appliances etc., all be unable to do without rare earth permanent-magnetic material, the rare earth permanent magnet variable-frequency motor etc. wherein in the rare earth permanent-magnet synchronization motor of direct current permanent magnetic Wind turbines, hybrid electric vehicle, convertible frequency air-conditioner all have employed Nd-Fe-B rare earth permanent magnetic material.
Tension, the bending strength of Nd-Fe-B rare earth permanent magnetic material are all lower, and coercive force is also lower, and magnet is easily ftractureed in the course of processing, fall slag, this greatly reduces rate of finished products and the machining accuracy of magnet, improves the processing cost of magnet, limits the application of magnet on high-precision motor.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, this rare earth permanent-magnetic material all obtains larger improvement in mechanical property and coercive force, and with low cost, manufacture stability is high, manufacture method simple, easily realizes large-scale industrial production.
Specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, comprise rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc.
In the execution mode that the present invention one is concrete, described a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, comprises rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium.
In the execution mode that the present invention one is concrete, described a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, its rare earth elements is the combination of neodymium, cerium, lanthanum and praseodymium.
In the execution mode that the present invention one is concrete, described a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, wherein the weight ratio of neodymium, cerium, lanthanum and praseodymium is 20:0.5:2:1.5.
In the execution mode that the present invention one is concrete, described a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, comprises rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium, the percentage by weight of each component is: rare earth element 20-35%, boron 0.8-1.5%, zinc 0.02-0.2%, manganese 0.5-5%, titanium 0.1-3%, tin 0.02-0.5%, zirconium 0.02-0.5%, chromium 0.02-0.5%, aluminium 0.5-5%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
In the execution mode that the present invention one is concrete, described a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, comprise rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium, the percentage by weight of each component is: rare earth element 20-35%, boron 0.8-1.5%, zinc 0.02-0.2%, manganese 0.5-5%, titanium 0.1-3%, tin 0.02-0.5%, zirconium 0.02-0.5%, chromium 0.02-0.5%, aluminium 0.5-5%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity, and rare earth element is the combination of neodymium, cerium, lanthanum and praseodymium.
In the execution mode that the present invention one is concrete, described a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, wherein the weight ratio of neodymium, cerium, lanthanum and praseodymium is 20:0.5:2:1.5.
In the execution mode that the present invention one is concrete, described a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, comprises rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium, the percentage by weight of each component is: boron 1.0%, zinc 0.1%, manganese 3%, titanium 1.5%, tin 0.3%, zirconium 0.1%, chromium 0.2%, aluminium 3%, neodymium 20%, cerium 0.5%, lanthanum 2%, praseodymium 1.5%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
In the execution mode that the present invention one is concrete, a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material stated, comprises rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium, the percentage by weight of each component is: boron 1.2%, zinc 0.14%, manganese 2%, titanium 2%, tin 0.15%, zirconium 0.3%, chromium 0.4%, aluminium 2%, neodymium 24%, cerium 0.6%, lanthanum 2.4%, praseodymium 1.8%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
In the execution mode that the present invention one is concrete, described a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, comprises rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium, the percentage by weight of each component is: boron 1.4%, zinc 0.06%, manganese 1%, titanium 2.5%, tin 0.45%, zirconium 0.4%, chromium 0.1%, aluminium 4.5%, neodymium 28%, cerium 0.7%, lanthanum 2.8%, praseodymium 2.1%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
Low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material of the present invention can adopt common production equipment conventionally to prepare.Such as, concrete steps can comprise:
(1) raw material prepare: prepared burden by weight ratio by the raw material removed through surface;
(2) melting: above-mentioned batching is placed in intermediate frequency vacuum induction melting furnace and is smelted into ingot casting; Again ingot casting is put Homogenization Treatments in a vacuum furnace, the temperature of described process is 850-950 DEG C, and the time is 8-10 hour;
(3) powder process: the magnetic ingot casting of Homogenization Treatments being ground to form 3-5 μm;
(4) pressing under magnetic field: above-mentioned magnetic is placed on orientation in the magnetic field of 1.2T-2.0T, compressing with the pressure of 10MPa-20MPa;
(5) isostatic cool pressing: the magnetic of forming is carried out isostatic pressed with the pressure of 200MPa-300MPa, isostatic pressed time 10-20 minute;
(6) sinter: sinter in vacuum air-quenching furnace, sintering temperature is 1100-1180 DEG C, and sintering time is 4-5 hour;
(7) Ageing Treatment: the magnet sintered is carried out double tempering heat treatment, tempering heat treatment temperature is 900-1000 DEG C for the first time, and the time is 4-5 hour, and second time tempering heat treatment temperature is 400-600 DEG C, and the time is 7-9 hour;
(8) magnetize, the magnet prepared is magnetized again, to obtain final product through above-mentioned steps.
Rare earth permanent-magnetic material of the present invention all obtains larger improvement in mechanical property and coercive force, and with low cost, and manufacture stability is high, manufacture method simple, easily realizes large-scale industrial production.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, comprise rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium, the percentage by weight of each component is: boron 1.0%, zinc 0.1%, manganese 3%, titanium 1.5%, tin 0.3%, zirconium 0.1%, chromium 0.2%, aluminium 3%, neodymium 20%, cerium 0.5%, lanthanum 2%, praseodymium 1.5%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, comprise rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium, the percentage by weight of each component is: boron 1.2%, zinc 0.14%, manganese 2%, titanium 2%, tin 0.15%, zirconium 0.3%, chromium 0.4%, aluminium 2%, neodymium 24%, cerium 0.6%, lanthanum 2.4%, praseodymium 1.8%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.Embodiment 3:
A kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, comprise rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium, the percentage by weight of each component is: boron 1.4%, zinc 0.06%, manganese 1%, titanium 2.5%, tin 0.45%, zirconium 0.4%, chromium 0.1%, aluminium 4.5%, neodymium 28%, cerium 0.7%, lanthanum 2.8%, praseodymium 2.1%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.Comparative example 1:
A kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, comprise rare earth element, iron, boron, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium, the percentage by weight of each component is: boron 1.0%, manganese 3%, titanium 1.5%, tin 0.3%, zirconium 0.1%, chromium 0.2%, aluminium 3%, neodymium 20%, cerium 0.5%, lanthanum 2%, praseodymium 1.5%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
Comparative example 2:
A kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, comprise rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, zirconium, chromium, aluminium, the percentage by weight of each component is: boron 1.0%, zinc 0.1%, manganese 3%, titanium 1.5%, zirconium 0.1%, chromium 0.2%, aluminium 3%, neodymium 20%, cerium 0.5%, lanthanum 2%, praseodymium 1.5%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
Comparative example 3:
A kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, comprise rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, aluminium, the percentage by weight of each component is: boron 1.0%, zinc 0.1%, manganese 3%, titanium 1.5%, tin 0.3%, zirconium 0.1%, aluminium 3%, neodymium 20%, cerium 0.5%, lanthanum 2%, praseodymium 1.5%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
Comparative example 4:
A kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, comprise rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium, the percentage by weight of each component is: boron 1.0%, zinc 0.1%, manganese 3%, titanium 1.5%, tin 0.3%, zirconium 0.1%, chromium 0.2%, aluminium 3%, neodymium 20%, lanthanum 2.5%, praseodymium 1.5%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
Comparative example 5:
A kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, comprise rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium, the percentage by weight of each component is: boron 1.0%, zinc 0.1%, manganese 3%, titanium 1.5%, tin 0.3%, zirconium 0.1%, chromium 0.2%, aluminium 3%, neodymium 20%, cerium 0.5%, lanthanum 3.5%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
Comparative example 6:
A kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, comprise rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium, the percentage by weight of each component is: boron 1.0%, zinc 0.1%, manganese 3%, titanium 1.5%, tin 0.3%, zirconium 0.1%, chromium 0.2%, aluminium 3%, neodymium 20%, cerium 1.5%, lanthanum 2%, praseodymium 0.5%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
Comparative example 7:
A kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, comprise rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium, the percentage by weight of each component is: boron 1.0%, zinc 0.1%, manganese 3%, titanium 1.5%, tin 0.3%, zirconium 0.1%, chromium 0.2%, aluminium 3%, neodymium 15%, cerium 1.5%, lanthanum 5%, praseodymium 2.5%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
Embodiment 4: the Performance Detection of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material of the present invention
The permanent magnetic material different temperatures curve measurement system NIM200C of China National Measuring Science Research Inst. and universal testing machine CMT51505 is adopted to measure the mechanical property of the magnetic property of embodiment 1-3 and reference examples 1-7.The results are shown in Table 1.
The performance of table 1 material of the present invention
B r(kGs) | (BH) max(MGOe) | H cj(kOe) | Bending strength (MPa) | |
Embodiment 1 | 12.71 | 38.26 | 29.89 | 389.16 |
Embodiment 2 | 12.59 | 37.59 | 29.68 | 388.83 |
Embodiment 3 | 12.48 | 37.63 | 29.93 | 389.92 |
Comparative example 1 | 12.85 | 34.93 | 15.91 | 320.59 |
Comparative example 2 | 11.93 | 33.59 | 16.54 | 306.82 |
Comparative example 3 | 12.37 | 34.12 | 13.95 | 313.75 |
Comparative example 4 | 12.17 | 36.83 | 21.25 | 322.79 |
Comparative example 5 | 12.86 | 37.82 | 21.39 | 327.53 |
Comparative example 6 | 12.49 | 37.57 | 23.98 | 344.62 |
Comparative example 7 | 12.76 | 38.13 | 24.16 | 347.62 |
As can be drawn from Table 1, rare earth permanent-magnetic material of the present invention has higher coercive force and bending strength, and stable remanent magnetism (B
r) and magnetic energy product (BH)
max, each component of the present invention is worked in coordination with mutually, indispensable, after comparative example 1-3 omits zinc, tin, chromium respectively, and coercive force H
cjand bending strength all can decline; Adopt the rare earth element of the combination of neodymium, cerium, lanthanum and praseodymium, and adopt specific proportioning also can improve coercive force and bending strength, and comparative example 4-5 proves that eliminating certain rare earth element can make coercive force and bending strength decline, comparative example 6-7 proves that the selection of proportioning can make rare earth permanent-magnetic material of the present invention obtain unforeseeable technique effect.
Claims (10)
1. a low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material, comprises rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc.
2. a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material according to claim 1, comprises rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium.
3. a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material according to claim 1 and 2, its rare earth elements is the combination of neodymium, cerium, lanthanum and praseodymium.
4. a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material according to claim 3, wherein the weight ratio of neodymium, cerium, lanthanum and praseodymium is 20:0.5:2:1.5.
5. a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material according to claim 2, comprise rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium, the percentage by weight of each component is: rare earth element 20-35%, boron 0.8-1.5%, zinc 0.02-0.2%, manganese 0.5-5%, titanium 0.1-3%, tin 0.02-0.5%, zirconium 0.02-0.5%, chromium 0.02-0.5%, aluminium 0.5-5%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
6. a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material according to claim 5, comprises rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium, and the percentage by weight of each component is: rare earth element 20-35%, boron 0.8-1.5%, zinc 0.02-0.2%, manganese 0.5-5%, titanium 0.1-3%, tin 0.02-0.5%, zirconium 0.02-0.5%, chromium 0.02-0.5%, aluminium 0.5-5%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity, and rare earth element is the combination of neodymium, cerium, lanthanum and praseodymium.
7. a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material according to claim 6, wherein the weight ratio of neodymium, cerium, lanthanum and praseodymium is 20:0.5:2:1.5.
8. a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material according to claim 5, comprises rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium, and the percentage by weight of each component is: boron 1.0%, zinc 0.1%, manganese 3%, titanium 1.5%, tin 0.3%, zirconium 0.1%, chromium 0.2%, aluminium 3%, neodymium 20%, cerium 0.5%, lanthanum 2%, praseodymium 1.5%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
9. a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material according to claim 5, comprises rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium, and the percentage by weight of each component is: boron 1.2%, zinc 0.14%, manganese 2%, titanium 2%, tin 0.15%, zirconium 0.3%, chromium 0.4%, aluminium 2%, neodymium 24%, cerium 0.6%, lanthanum 2.4%, praseodymium 1.8%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
10. a kind of low cost high-coercive force rare earth permanent magnetic material according to claim 5, comprises rare earth element, iron, boron, zinc, manganese, titanium, tin, zirconium, chromium, aluminium, and the percentage by weight of each component is: boron 1.4%, zinc 0.06%, manganese 1%, titanium 2.5%, tin 0.45%, zirconium 0.4%, chromium 0.1%, aluminium 4.5%, neodymium 28%, cerium 0.7%, lanthanum 2.8%, praseodymium 2.1%, surplus is iron and inevitable impurity.
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CN105913990A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-08-31 | 无锡新大力电机有限公司 | Low-cost and high-coercivity rare earth permanent magnetic material |
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