CN105196150B - A spindle axial translation polishing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of axial parallel-moving type polishing machine of main shaft, including：Frame, main shaft, main shaft support mechanism, rotating drive mechanism, axial translation drive mechanism, polishing wheel mechanism；Polishing wheel mechanism is arranged on main shaft；Main shaft is arranged in frame by main shaft support mechanism, and main shaft is relative to main shaft support mechanism axial translation；The axial translation drive mechanism of main shaft axially reciprocating is promoted to be arranged in frame, the rotating drive mechanism that drive shaft is rotated is arranged in frame.The present invention has the advantages that simple in construction, easy to operate, only swinging by the i.e. achievable polishing wheel of main shaft axial translation, belongs to polishing machine technical field.

Description

A spindle axial translation polishing machine

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of polishing machines, in particular to a spindle axial translation polishing machine.

Background technique

The polishing wheel of the existing polishing machine is installed on the main shaft, and the rotation of the main shaft drives the polishing wheel to rotate and polish. In order to improve the polishing effect, the polishing wheel needs to swing left and right during the polishing process, that is, when the material is transported back and forth, the polishing wheel swings left and right and rotates. The advantage of swinging left and right is that the trajectory of the polishing wheel and the surface of the workpiece is a plane, not a line.

In order to realize the left and right swing, the existing polishing machine generally swings left and right with components such as the frame, motor, main shaft, and polishing wheel. This structure has the following disadvantages: there are many parts to be moved, the mass is large, and the vibration is large.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a spindle axial translation polishing machine which can realize the left and right swing polishing of the polishing wheel only through the axial translation of the spindle.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A main shaft axial translation polishing machine, comprising: a frame, a main shaft, a main shaft support mechanism, a rotation drive mechanism, an axial translation drive mechanism, and a polishing wheel mechanism; the polishing wheel mechanism is installed on the main shaft; the main shaft is installed through the main shaft support mechanism On the frame, the main shaft translates axially relative to the main shaft supporting mechanism; the axial translation driving mechanism that promotes the axial reciprocating movement of the main shaft is installed on the frame, and the rotation driving mechanism that drives the main shaft to rotate is installed on the frame.

From the head to the tail of the main shaft are the first shaft section, the second shaft section, the third shaft section and the fourth shaft section; the first shaft section and the third shaft section are connected to the main shaft support mechanism, and the second shaft section is equipped with In the polishing wheel mechanism, the fourth shaft section is connected to the rotation driving mechanism and is axially translated relative to the rotation driving mechanism, and the axial translation driving mechanism is connected to the third shaft section.

The rotary drive mechanism includes: a rotary drive motor, a driving wheel, a pulley and a belt; the output end of the rotary drive motor installed on the frame is connected to the drive wheel, the pulley is set on the fourth shaft segment, and the belt is wound around the drive wheel and the pulley; the fourth The shaft section is equipped with a key, and the key snaps into the key groove axially penetrating the pulley to limit the pulley and the main shaft in the circumferential direction. When the main shaft moves axially, the key slides axially along the key groove.

The main shaft support mechanism includes: a head bracket, a tail bracket, two support rods, three bearings, three end covers, and three bushings; two support rods are parallel to each other and are arranged on the main shaft parallel to the main shaft. Above; the head bracket is fixed on the head of the support rod, the tail bracket is fixed on the tail of the support rod, and the tail bracket is fixed on the frame; in the first shaft section, a sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft, and the sleeve passes through A bearing rotates in the head bracket, and the end cover set on the main shaft is fixed at the front end of the head bracket. The first shaft section is equipped with a key, and the key is inserted into the key groove axially penetrating the shaft sleeve to secure the shaft sleeve and the main shaft. Circumferential limit, when the main shaft axially translates, the key slides axially along the keyway; at the head of the third shaft section, a bushing is sleeved on the main shaft, and the bushing rotates in the tail bracket through a bearing, and the bushing The end cover on the main shaft is fixed on the front end of the tail bracket, the head of the third shaft section is equipped with a key, and the key snaps into the key groove axially penetrating the shaft sleeve to limit the shaft sleeve and the main shaft in the circumferential direction, and the main shaft moves axially At the same time, the key slides axially along the keyway; at the end of the third shaft section, a sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft, and the sleeve rotates in the tail bracket through a bearing, and the end cover set on the main shaft is fixed on the tail bracket. At the rear end of the frame, a key is installed at the end of the third shaft section, and the key snaps into the key groove axially penetrating the shaft sleeve to limit the shaft sleeve and the main shaft in the circumferential direction. When the main shaft moves axially, the key slides axially along the key slot ; An accommodating chamber for an axial translational drive mechanism is enclosed between the end caps at the head and tail of the third shaft section, the tail bracket and the main shaft.

The axial translation drive mechanism includes: axial translation drive motor, eccentric wheel, clamp arm, slider, and push sleeve; the push sleeve is sleeved on the third shaft section of the main shaft, fixed axially with the main shaft, and rotates relative to the circumference; The upper and lower end surfaces of the sleeve are flat, and the upper end plane is provided with a transverse straight groove perpendicular to the main shaft; the clamping arms clamping the upper and lower end surfaces of the push sleeve include: the upper arm that fits the upper end surface of the push sleeve, and the push The lower arm that fits the lower end of the sleeve, the connecting arm that connects the upper arm and the lower arm; the upper arm is connected with the slider, and the lower arm is connected with the eccentric wheel; the axial translation drive motor that drives the eccentric wheel to rotate circularly is opposite to the frame fixed; the slide block is located in the horizontal straight groove and slides along the horizontal straight groove; the eccentric wheel drives the slide block to translate through the clamp arm, and the slide block drives the push sleeve to move axially through the horizontal straight groove.

Bearings are installed between the push sleeve and the main shaft; two stop rings sleeved on the main shaft withstand the head and tail of the push sleeve respectively.

The shaft diameter of the first shaft section is r1; the shaft diameters of the second shaft section and the fourth shaft section are both r2; the shaft diameter of the third shaft section corresponding to the bushing at the head of the third shaft section is r3, which The shaft diameter of the third shaft section corresponding to the translational drive mechanism and the bushing at the end of the third shaft section is r2; r1<r2<r3.

At the tail of the third shaft section, the third shaft section is sleeved and fixed with a pad sleeve with an outer diameter of r3, the key is installed on the pad sleeve, and the shaft sleeve is sleeved outside the pad sleeve.

A main shaft axial translation polishing machine also includes a polishing wheel lifting mechanism and a base; the frame is lifted and lowered on the base through the polishing wheel lifting mechanism.

The polishing wheel lifting mechanism includes: lifting drive motor, column, support seat, nut seat, screw, upper screw seat, and lower screw seat; the column is erected and fixed on the base, the upper screw seat is fixed on the upper end of the column, and the lower screw seat is fixed on the base On the top, the screw is erected and installed between the upper screw seat and the lower screw seat, and the lifting drive motor that drives the screw to rotate is installed on the upper screw seat; the frame and the supporting seat are relatively fixed, and the supporting seat is set on the column and is up and down relative to the column Sliding; the support seat is connected with the nut seat, and the nut seat is threadedly connected with the screw. When the screw rotates, the nut seat moves up and down; the column is equipped with a key, and the key is inserted into the keyway that runs through the support seat to limit the support seat and the column in the circumferential direction. , when the support seat is axially translated, the key slides axially along the keyway.

Generally speaking, the present invention has following advantages:

1. The left and right swing of the polishing wheel can be realized only through the axial translation of the main shaft, and the control of the translation of the main shaft only requires a motor with a small power, and there is no need to set up a huge translation mechanism.

2. Simple structure and convenient operation.

3. The polishing action is controlled by three motors: the rotation of the driving motor drives the polishing wheel to rotate, the axial translational driving motor cooperates with the main shaft to drive the polishing wheel to reciprocate, and the lifting driving motor realizes the lifting of the polishing wheel.

4. Through the cooperation of the key and the through-type keyway, the circumferential positioning and axial translation are realized, and the structure is simple.

5. The movement of the slider is driven by the structure of the eccentric wheel and the clamp arm, and the reciprocating translation of the main shaft is driven by the structure of the slider and the horizontal straight groove. The structure is ingenious and the operation is convenient.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of a spindle axial translation polishing machine.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view in the right direction of Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the axial translation drive mechanism in Fig. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2 .

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view along direction B in FIG. 4 .

Figure 6 is a top view of the clamp arm.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the tail bracket.

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the upper half of the polisher.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the assembly view of the polishing wheel holding sleeve and the fixed sleeve.

FIG. 10 is a top view of FIG. 9 .

Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the tensioner, where the lower part is cut at the position where the screws are removed.

Figure 12 is a side view of the tensioning taper sleeve.

Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view along the direction A-A in Fig. 12 .

Figure 14 is a side view of the fixed expansion sleeve.

3-1 is the frame, 3-2 is the main shaft, 3-3 is the main shaft support mechanism, 3-4 is the rotation drive mechanism, 3-5 is the axial translation drive mechanism, 3-6 is the polishing wheel mechanism, 3- 7 is a polishing wheel lifting mechanism, and 3-8 is a base.

3-2-1 is the first shaft section, 3-2-2 is the second shaft section, 3-2-3 is the third shaft section, and 3-2-4 is the fourth shaft section.

3-3-1 is the head bracket, 3-3-2 is the tail bracket, 3-3-3 is the support rod, 3-3-4 is the bearing, 3-3-5 is the end cover of the main shaft support mechanism , 3-3-6 is an axle sleeve, and 3-3-7 is a cushion sleeve.

3-4-1 is a rotating drive motor, 3-4-2 is a driving wheel, 3-4-3 is a pulley, and 3-4-4 is a belt.

3-5-1 is the axial translation drive motor, 3-5-2 is the eccentric wheel, 3-5-3 is the clamp arm, 3-5-4 is the slider, 3-5-5 is the push sleeve, 3 -5-6 is the stop ring. 3-5-3-1 is the upper arm, 3-5-3-2 is the lower arm, and 3-5-3-3 is the connecting arm. 3-5-5-1 is a horizontal straight groove.

3-7-1 is the lifting drive motor, 3-7-2 is the column, 3-7-3 is the support seat, 3-7-4 is the nut seat, 3-7-5 is the screw rod, 3-7-6 is the Last screw seat, 3-7-7 is following screw seat.

1-2 is a fixed sleeve, 1-3 is a polishing wheel clamping sleeve, 1-4 is a tensioning sleeve, and 1-5 is a polishing wheel. α is the slope.

1-21 is the inner sleeve, 1-22 is the extension, 1-211 is the first inner sleeve segment, and 1-212 is the second inner sleeve segment.

1-31 is a cylindrical sleeve, and 1-32 is an end cap of a polishing wheel holding sleeve.

1-41 is the tensioning taper sleeve, 1-42 is the fixed expansion sleeve, 1-43 is the locking screw, 1-44 is the removal screw, 1-421 is the cylindrical part, and 1-422 is the outer cone part.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail below.

A main shaft axial translation polishing machine includes: a frame, a main shaft, a main shaft supporting mechanism, a rotation driving mechanism, an axial translation driving mechanism, a polishing wheel mechanism, a polishing wheel lifting mechanism, and a base. Each part is described in detail below.

1. Spindle:

The main shaft is successively the first shaft section, the second shaft section, the third shaft section and the fourth shaft section from the head to the tail. Among them, the first shaft section and the third shaft section are connected with the main shaft support mechanism, the second shaft section is equipped with a polishing wheel mechanism, and the fourth shaft section is connected with the rotation driving mechanism and is axially translated relative to the rotation driving mechanism. The translation drive mechanism is connected with the third shaft segment.

The shaft diameter of the first shaft section is r1; the shaft diameters of the second shaft section and the fourth shaft section are both r2; the shaft diameter of the third shaft section corresponding to the position of the bushing at the head of the third shaft section is r3; and The shaft diameter of the third shaft segment corresponding to the position of the axial translation drive mechanism and the position of the bushing at the tail of the third shaft segment is r2; r1<r2<r3. At the tail of the third shaft section, the third shaft section is socketed and fixed with a pad sleeve with an outer diameter of r3. After the pad sleeve is installed, the head of the third shaft section and the outer surface equal in diameter.

2. Polishing wheel mechanism:

The polishing wheel mechanism is installed on the second shaft section of the main shaft.

The polishing wheel mechanism includes: a fixed sleeve, a polishing wheel clamping sleeve, a tensioning sleeve, a polishing wheel, a locking screw, and a removal screw.

The fixed sleeve includes: an inner sleeve and an outer extension. The inner sleeve includes a first inner sleeve segment and a second inner sleeve segment. From left to right are the first inner sleeve segment, the second inner sleeve segment, and the extension. The first inner sleeve section is cylindrical, the inner diameter is consistent with the outer diameter of the main shaft, and the outer diameter is smaller than the second inner sleeve section. The second inner sleeve segment is cylindrical, with an inner diameter consistent with the outer diameter of the main shaft, and an outer diameter consistent with the inner diameter of the cylindrical sleeve. The extension is disc-shaped. The fixing sleeve is fixed to the main shaft through a screw and key connection.

The polishing wheel holder consists of a cylindrical sleeve and two end caps. The cylinder sleeve is cylindrical. The end caps are sleeved on the outside of the cylindrical sleeve and located at both ends of the cylindrical sleeve, and the end caps are fixed on the outside of the cylindrical sleeve by screws.

Tension sleeves include tension taper sleeves and fixed expansion sleeves. The tensioning taper sleeve is circular, the inner ring is matched with the main shaft and fitted on the main shaft, and the outer circumference is frustum-shaped to cooperate with the fixed expansion sleeve. The fixed expansion sleeve includes a cylindrical part and an outer cone part. The cylindrical part is sleeved and fixed on the main shaft. The outer diameter of the cylindrical part is consistent with the inner diameter of the cylindrical sleeve. The inner ring of the outer cone part is the The frustum shape of the tight taper sleeve is closely matched, and the outer diameter of the outer cone part is consistent with the inner diameter of the cylindrical sleeve. The fixed expansion sleeve is fixed on the main shaft by screws. The tensioning taper sleeve and the fixed expansion sleeve are connected by locking screws. The inclination of the frustum-shaped outer periphery of the tensioning taper sleeve is 5 degrees.

The polishing wheel is set on the cylindrical sleeve and is located between the two end caps. The polishing wheel and the cylinder sleeve are connected by a key.

There are four locking screws, which are evenly distributed along the circumference. The locking screw passes through the tensioning taper sleeve, and the end is screwed into the cylindrical part of the fixed expansion sleeve to lock the expansion taper sleeve and the fixed expansion sleeve.

There are four dismounting screws, which are uniformly distributed along the circumference and staggered from the locking screws. The removal screw passes through the tensioning taper sleeve, and the end is pushed against the end of the cylindrical part of the fixed expansion sleeve.

The installation method of the polishing wheel mechanism includes the following steps: (1) installing the polishing wheel on the cylindrical sleeve through a key connection, and installing the end cover to limit the axial direction of the polishing wheel; (2) fixing the fixed sleeve on the main shaft, The latter is connected by screws and keys; the fixed expansion sleeve is fixed on the main shaft through the screw sleeve; (3) the polishing wheel clamping sleeve is sleeved outside the fixed sleeve and the fixed expansion sleeve, and the end of the polishing wheel clamping sleeve is on the fixed (4) Insert the tensioning cone sleeve, and lock the tensioning cone sleeve and the fixed expansion sleeve with the locking screw. The tighter the connection between the expansion cone sleeve and the fixed expansion sleeve, the better the fixed expansion sleeve The radial clamping force of the polishing wheel holding sleeve is greater. After step (1), it is necessary to use the peripheral polishing wheel calibration equipment to calibrate the polishing wheel to correct the position of the polishing wheel relative to the main shaft of the polishing wheel calibration equipment. When the wheel holder is properly installed, the calibrated position of the wheel relative to the spindle of the polisher is within tolerance and does not need to be recalibrated on the polisher.

After the polishing wheel is worn out, it needs to be replaced with a new one. The disassembly method of the polishing wheel mechanism includes the following steps: (1) remove the locking screw; (2) screw the disassembly screw deeper, and tighten the end of the disassembly screw against the fixed expansion sleeve, thereby pushing the expansion cone sleeve out ; (3) Pull out the polishing wheel holding sleeve with the polishing wheel. Install a new calibrated buff and buff holder on the spindle.

3. Rotation drive mechanism:

The rotary drive mechanism includes: a rotary drive motor, a driving wheel, a pulley and a belt.

The output end of the rotating drive motor installed on the frame is connected to the driving pulley, the pulley is sleeved on the fourth shaft segment, and the belt is wound around the driving pulley and the pulley. The fourth shaft section is equipped with a key, and the key snaps into the key groove axially penetrating the pulley to limit the pulley and the main shaft in the circumferential direction. When the main shaft moves axially, the key slides axially along the key groove.

The rotation drive motor drives the belt pulley to rotate through the driving wheel and the belt, the belt pulley drives the main shaft to rotate through the key, the main shaft can slide axially relative to the belt pulley, and the main shaft drives the polishing wheel to rotate and reciprocate.

4. Spindle support mechanism:

The main shaft support mechanism includes: a head bracket, a tail bracket, two support rods, three bearings, three end covers, and three shaft sleeves.

The two support rods are parallel to each other and arranged above the main shaft parallel to the main shaft; the head bracket is fixed on the head of the support rod, the tail bracket is fixed on the tail of the support rod, and the tail bracket is fixed on the frame.

In the first shaft section, a shaft sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft, and the shaft sleeve rotates in the head bracket through a bearing, and the end cover sleeved on the main shaft is fixed on the front end of the head bracket. The first shaft section is equipped with a key, and the key snaps into the key groove axially penetrating the shaft sleeve to limit the shaft sleeve and the main shaft in the circumferential direction. When the main shaft moves axially, the key slides axially along the key groove.

In the section near the head of the third shaft section, a bushing is sleeved on the main shaft, and the bushing rotates in the tail bracket through a bearing, and the end cover set on the main shaft is fixed at the front end of the tail bracket. The head of the section is equipped with a key, and the key snaps into the key groove axially penetrating the shaft sleeve to limit the shaft sleeve and the main shaft in the circumferential direction. When the main shaft moves axially, the key slides axially along the key groove.

In the section near the tail of the third shaft section, the pad sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft, and a shaft sleeve is sleeved on the pad sleeve. The shaft sleeve rotates in the tail bracket through a bearing, and the end cover set on the main shaft is fixed on the tail bracket. At the rear end of the frame, a key is installed on the pad sleeve, and the key snaps into the keyway axially penetrating the shaft sleeve to limit the shaft sleeve and the pad sleeve in the circumferential direction. When the main shaft and the pad sleeve move axially, the key slides axially along the keyway. shift.

An accommodating cavity for the axial translational drive mechanism is enclosed between the two end covers at the head and tail of the third shaft section, the tail bracket and the main shaft.

5. Axial translation drive mechanism:

The axial translation drive mechanism includes: an axial translation drive motor, an eccentric wheel, a clamp arm, a slider, and a push sleeve.

The push sleeve is sleeved on the third shaft section of the main shaft, fixed axially with the main shaft, and rotates relative to the circumference. The specific installation structure is: a bearing is installed between the push sleeve and the main shaft; Push the head and tail of the sleeve. The upper and lower end faces of the push sleeve are both flat, and the upper end plane is provided with a transverse straight groove perpendicular to the axial direction of the main shaft.

The clamp arm clamps the upper and lower end surfaces of the push sleeve, including: an upper arm fitted to the upper end surface of the push sleeve, a lower arm fitted to the lower end surface of the push sleeve, and a connecting arm connecting the upper arm and the lower arm. The connecting arm arranged along the vertical direction is rotatably installed on the tail bracket. When the connecting arm rotates, the upper arm and the lower arm rotate synchronously. The upper arm is connected with the upper end of the slide block, and the lower end of the slide block extends into the transverse straight groove. The lower arm has a through hole in the vertical direction, the through hole is larger than the eccentric wheel, and the eccentric wheel stretches into the through hole. The axial translation drive motor that drives the circular rotation of the eccentric wheel is relatively fixed to the frame, and is installed on the tail bracket in this embodiment.

The axial translation drive motor drives the eccentric wheel to rotate, the eccentric wheel pushes the lower arm to swing axially, the lower arm drives the upper arm to swing axially through the connecting arm, the upper arm pushes the sleeve to move axially through the slider, and the push sleeve drives the main shaft and the polishing wheel to synchronize Axial reciprocating translation.

6. Polishing wheel lifting mechanism:

The lifting mechanism of the polishing wheel includes: a lifting drive motor, a column, a support seat, a nut seat, a screw rod, an upper screw seat, and a lower screw seat.

The column is erected and fixed on the base, the upper screw seat is fixed on the upper end of the column, the lower screw seat is fixed on the base, the rotatable screw is erected and installed between the upper screw seat and the lower screw seat, and the lifting drive motor that drives the screw to rotate is installed On the upper screw seat.

The frame and the support seat are relatively fixed, and the support seat is covered on the column and slides up and down relative to the column; the support seat is connected with the nut seat, and the nut seat sleeve is threadedly connected with the screw rod outside the screw rod, and when the screw rod rotates, the nut seat translates up and down. A key is installed on the column, and the key is inserted into the keyway that runs through the support seat to limit the support seat and the column in the circumferential direction. When the support seat moves axially, the key slides axially along the keyway.

The lifting drive motor rotates, driving the screw to rotate, the screw drives the nut seat to move up and down, the nut seat, support seat, and the frame as a whole move up and down, and the frame drives the main shaft and polishing wheel fixed on the frame to move up and down, realizing The lifting action of the polishing wheel. Set the sensor to sense the pressure of the polishing wheel, adjust the current of the lifting drive motor according to the pressure of the polishing wheel, control the height of the polishing wheel, and realize the automatic control and adjustment of the polishing wheel pressure.

7. Rack:

The main shaft support mechanism, the rotation drive mechanism and the axial translation drive mechanism are relatively fixed with the frame.

8. Base:

The frame lifts up and down on the base through the polishing wheel lifting mechanism to realize the pressure control of the polishing wheel, the movement of the wheel in and out.

During operation, the material is fed along the horizontal direction perpendicular to the main shaft; the rotating drive motor runs to drive the polishing wheel to rotate; the axial translation drive motor runs to drive the polishing wheel to reciprocate along the axis of the main shaft; after reaching the bottom of the polishing wheel, the lifting The drive motor runs, and the polishing wheel is pressed down to complete the polishing action.

The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, Simplifications should be equivalent replacement methods, and all are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A main shaft axial translation polishing machine, characterized in that: comprising: a frame, a main shaft, a main shaft supporting mechanism, a rotating drive mechanism, an axial translation driving mechanism, a polishing wheel mechanism; the polishing wheel mechanism is installed on the main shaft; The main shaft is installed on the frame through the main shaft supporting mechanism, and the main shaft translates axially relative to the main shaft supporting mechanism; shelf; From the head to the tail of the main shaft are the first shaft section, the second shaft section, the third shaft section, and the fourth shaft section; the first shaft section and the third shaft section are connected to the main shaft support mechanism, and the second shaft section A polishing wheel mechanism is installed, the fourth shaft section is connected with the rotation driving mechanism and is axially translated relative to the rotation driving mechanism, and the axial translation driving mechanism is connected with the third shaft section; The axial translation drive mechanism includes: an axial translation drive motor, an eccentric wheel, a clamp arm, a slider, and a push sleeve; The push sleeve is sleeved on the third shaft section of the main shaft, fixed in the axial direction with the main shaft, and relatively rotated in the circumferential direction; the upper and lower end surfaces of the push sleeve are flat, and the upper end plane is provided with a transverse straight groove perpendicular to the main shaft; The clamp arm clamping the upper and lower end surfaces of the push sleeve includes: an upper arm fitted with the upper end surface of the push sleeve, a lower arm fitted with the lower end surface of the push sleeve, a connecting arm connecting the upper arm and the lower arm; the upper arm and the slider Connected, the lower arm is connected to the eccentric wheel; The axial translational drive motor that drives the circular rotation of the eccentric wheel is relatively fixed with the frame; The slider is located in the horizontal straight groove and slides along the horizontal straight groove; The eccentric wheel drives the slider to translate through the clamp arm, and the slider drives the push sleeve to translate axially through the transverse straight groove. 2. A spindle axial translation polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: said rotational drive mechanism comprises: a rotational drive motor, a driving wheel, a pulley and a belt; a rotational drive motor mounted on the frame The output end of the drive wheel is connected to the driving pulley, the pulley is sleeved on the fourth shaft section, and the belt is wound around the driving pulley and the pulley; the fourth shaft section is equipped with a key, and the key is inserted into the keyway that runs through the pulley in the axial direction to limit the pulley and the main shaft in the circumferential direction. When the main shaft translates axially, the key slides axially along the keyway. 3. A spindle axial translation polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: said spindle support mechanism comprises: a head bracket, a tail bracket, two support rods, three bearings, Three end caps, three shaft sleeves; The two support rods are parallel to each other and arranged above the main shaft parallel to the main shaft; the head bracket is fixed on the head of the support rod, the tail bracket is fixed on the tail of the support rod, and the tail bracket is fixed on the frame; In the first shaft section, a shaft sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft, and the shaft sleeve rotates in the head bracket through a bearing. The end cover sleeved on the main shaft is fixed at the front end of the head bracket. , the key snaps into the keyway axially penetrating the shaft sleeve to limit the shaft sleeve and the main shaft in the circumferential direction. When the main shaft moves axially, the key slides axially along the keyway; At the head of the third shaft section, a bushing is sleeved on the main shaft, and the bushing rotates in the tail bracket through a bearing. The end cover set on the main shaft is fixed at the front end of the tail bracket. A key is installed on the top, and the key snaps into the keyway that axially penetrates the shaft sleeve to limit the shaft sleeve and the main shaft in the circumferential direction. When the main shaft moves axially, the key slides axially along the keyway; At the end of the third shaft section, a sleeve is sleeved on the main shaft, and the sleeve rotates in the tail bracket through a bearing, and the end cover set on the main shaft is fixed at the rear end of the tail bracket. A key is installed, and the key snaps into the keyway axially penetrating the shaft sleeve to limit the shaft sleeve and the main shaft in the circumferential direction. When the main shaft moves axially, the key slides axially along the keyway; An accommodating chamber for the axial translational drive mechanism is enclosed between the end caps, the tail bracket and the main shaft at the head and tail of the third shaft section. 4. A main shaft axial translation polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: a bearing is installed between the push sleeve and the main shaft; two stop rings sleeved on the main shaft respectively withstand the push sleeve head and tail. 5. A spindle axial translation polishing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: the shaft diameter of the first shaft section is r1; the shaft diameters of the second shaft section and the fourth shaft section are both r2 ; The shaft diameter of the third shaft segment corresponding to the shaft sleeve at the head of the third shaft segment is r3, the shaft diameter of the third shaft segment corresponding to the axial translation drive mechanism and the shaft sleeve at the tail of the third shaft segment is r2; r1<r2<r3. 6. A spindle axial translation polishing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: at the tail of the third shaft section, the third shaft section is sleeved and fixed with a cushion sleeve with an outer diameter of r3, and the key is installed on On the cushion sleeve, the shaft sleeve is sleeved outside the cushion sleeve. 7. A spindle axially translational polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes a polishing wheel lifting mechanism and a base; the frame moves up and down on the base through the polishing wheel lifting mechanism. 8. A spindle axial translation polishing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: said polishing wheel lifting mechanism comprises: lifting drive motor, column, support seat, nut seat, screw, upper screw seat, lower Screw seat; the column is erected and fixed on the base, the upper screw seat is fixed on the upper end of the column, the lower screw seat is fixed on the base, the screw is erected and installed between the upper screw seat and the lower screw seat, and the lifting drive motor that drives the screw to rotate is installed On the upper screw seat; the frame and the support seat are relatively fixed, the support seat is sleeved on the column and slides up and down relative to the column; the support seat is connected with the nut seat, and the nut seat is threaded with the screw rod. When the screw rotates, the nut seat translates up and down A key is installed on the column, and the key is inserted into the keyway that runs through the support seat to limit the support seat and the column in the circumferential direction. When the support seat moves axially, the key slides axially along the keyway.