CN105175482A - Quinoa protein and extraction method thereof - Google Patents
Quinoa protein and extraction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105175482A CN105175482A CN201510562247.7A CN201510562247A CN105175482A CN 105175482 A CN105175482 A CN 105175482A CN 201510562247 A CN201510562247 A CN 201510562247A CN 105175482 A CN105175482 A CN 105175482A
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Abstract
The invention provides a quinoa protein and an extraction method thereof. The extraction method comprises the following steps: (A) cleaning quinoa, soaking the quinoa for a period of time, pulverizing the quinoa, adding a NaOH solution, performing stirring for a period of time, and performing preservation at low temperature for more than 24h to obtain quinoa paste; (B) centrifugally treating the quinoa paste to obtain a supernatant, and adjusting the pH to 4-5 so as to obtain a protein precipitation; (C) cleaning, centrifugally separating and freeze-drying the protein precipitation to obtain the quinoa protein. The extraction method of the quinoa protein, provided by the embodiment of the invention, is simple and easy to operate, and operation conditions are mild; a referable method is provided for a subsequent quinoa protein extraction process, and the method has great reference value, and the obtained quinoa protein is high in purity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to protein extraction manufacture field, in particular to a kind of lamb's-quarters aleuronat and extracting method thereof.
Background technology
Lamb's-quarters wheat (formal name used at school: Chenopodiumquinoawilld) originates in mountain area, South America Andean, it is the main conventional food that print adds native, there is the 5000-7000 plantation history of many years, because it has unique abundant, comprehensive nutritive value, brought up print and added nationality, ancient times, Inca was referred to as " mother of grain ".Lamb's-quarters Wheat Seeds color mainly contains white, black, red several color, and nutritive ingredient is more or less the same, and wherein white mouthfeel is best, and a little seed of black, red mouthfeel relative mistake is also less.Lamb's-quarters wheat is used for the space food of cosmonaut in the 1980's by NASA.Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO thinks that lamb's-quarters wheat is the food that unique a kind of solitary plant can meet human body basic nutrition demand substantially, and formal recommendation lamb's-quarters wheat is the perfect wholefood of the optimum mankind.United Nations was declared as international lamb's-quarters wheat year by 2013, to promote human nutrition health and food safety, realized MDGs.
In prior art, also do not have the relevant record of the shaping concrete extraction process for lamb's-quarters aleuronat, therefore the extractive technique of lamb's-quarters aleuronat still belongs to blank out state.
In view of this, special proposition the present invention.
In prior art, all containing protein ingredient in a lot of grain and animal and plant body, in order to improve the utilization ratio of protein, the extraction process of albumen is also arisen at the historic moment in succession, for different albumen, its extraction process is also had nothing in common with each other, and the extraction process of such as rice protein mainly contains the methods such as alkalinity extraction, Enzymatic Extraction, solvent extraction, physical sepn, compound collecting, each method respectively has relative merits, needs to carry out unrestricted choice according to practical situation.Lamb's-quarters wheat itself is a kind of full paddy full nutrition adequate proteins basic foodstuff, endosperm accounts for 68% of seed, and there is nutritional activities, protein content is up to 16%-22%, quality and milk powder and meat suitable, be rich in multiple amino acids, wherein there are whole 9 kinds of indispensable amino acids of needed by human, ratio suitably and be easy to absorb, but do not have a kind of concrete protein extraction technique in prior art to lamb's-quarters aleuronat, in order to solve this technical problem, making up this blank in protein extraction technique, the invention provides a kind of extracting method of lamb's-quarters aleuronat.
In step (A), first certain pre-treatment is carried out to lamb's-quarters wheat, the lamb's-quarters wheat that picking compares high-quality cleans up, if adulterate in the inside, some impurity are also picked out, first will soak for some time after process is clean is fully softeningly convenient to follow-up abundant grinding to make it, generally soaks 4-5h, soak fully softening after first tentatively sieving, fully dry after screen filtrations more than 50 orders, to ensure the size uniformity of lamb's-quarters wheat particle.Then pulverize, the equipment of grinding adopts common shredder to carry out, grind to form the order granularity of powdery more than 120 orders, if the particle of powder crosses the thick so follow-up extraction yield that can affect albumen when extracting, the easier stripping of effective constituent such as albumen when therefore needing to control certain order granularity to make subsequent extracted.
Then, add NaOH solution to stir, general stirring at normal temperature 2-3h, stir speed (S.S.) is 200-300rad/min, and the described NaOH solution added and the mass ratio of lamb's-quarters wheat are 1-2:10, and the concentration of described NaOH solution is 0.015-0.02mol/L, after stirring, preserve under cryogenic, the temperature of cryopreservation preferably controls at 4-5 DEG C, and the shelf time is preferably 24-26h.By utilizing alkaline condition, lamb's-quarters aleuronat is fully extracted, come with starch separation, but the concentration of alkali lye and alkali charge all have certain requirement, because if the too high molecular force effect that can affect between protein of concentration of lye, the violent sex change of protein can be caused, also amino acid structure can be destroyed, if corresponding concentration of lye is too low, alkali charge increases, and alkali charge does not reach the extraction yield that can affect albumen, and therefore suitable NaOH solution concentration and NaOH solution consumption are necessary.Stirring is to promote fully contacting of alkali lye and lamb's-quarters flour end, stir speed (S.S.) is unsuitable too fast, otherwise the effective constituent that can destroy in lamb's-quarters wheat, after ensureing that lamb's-quarters aleuronat is fully extracted after finally stirring for some time, need to preserve at low temperatures, the temperature of low temperature is preferably at 4-5 DEG C, preserve more than 24h, the more excellent shelf time is 24-26h, preserve under this condition and can ensure that the structure of lamb's-quarters aleuronat itself is not destroyed, preserve complete, this transparency that will be conducive to after lamb's-quarters aleuronat centrifugation subsequently.
In step (B), lamb's-quarters wheat mud first will discard the precipitation of bottom through centrifugal treating.Leave the upper liquid on upper strata, then by the pH regulator of upper liquid to 4-5, the principle of isoelectric precipitation is utilized to obtain target product, the temperature of centrifugal treating controls at 10-15 DEG C, speed is 8000-9000rad/min, the time controling of centrifugal treating at 30-40min, to make the best results of centrifugation.
In addition, the HCl solution of to be concentration the be 0.8mol/L-1.5mol/L regulating pH to adopt, the concentration of HCl solution is not easily too high, otherwise can have destruction to the structure of lamb's-quarters aleuronat, also can affect the extraction yield of lamb's-quarters aleuronat.
In step (C), the protein precipitation obtained also needs through a series of aftertreatment, first clean, preferably impurity is rinsed well for 2-3 time by cleaning, then centrifuging treatment, the temperature of centrifugation preferably controls at 10-15 DEG C, and speed is preferably 8000-9000rad/min, the time of centrifugal treating preferably controls at 30-40min, improves centrifugal efficiency.After centrifuging treatment, by lamb's-quarters aleuronat lyophilize process, lyophilize under preferably adopting vacuum condition cryodesiccated mode carry out, first vacuumize 1-2h, then lyophilize 8-10h under the condition of-40 ~-50 DEG C, lyophilize gained be lamb's-quarters aleuronat.
Finally, also comprise after lyophilize and be crushed to more than 80 orders and the step of preserving under the condition of 4-5 DEG C, lamb's-quarters aleuronat finished product is oyster white, show slightly flaxen powder, put into dark closed glass container, preserve at 4-5 DEG C of refrigerator, the quality guaranteed period can reach more than 1 year.Lyophilize protein can keep original chemical constitution and physical properties to greatest extent.
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides and adopts the extracting method of above-mentioned lamb's-quarters aleuronat to extract the lamb's-quarters aleuronat obtained, and this lamb's-quarters aleuronat purity is high, and purity can reach more than 90%, inclusion-free.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) the present invention is by a large amount of optimization experiment, draw the optimum parameter in lamb's-quarters aleuronat matter extraction process, thus the protein effectively extracted in lamb's-quarters wheat, the extraction process for follow-up lamb's-quarters aleuronat has formulated standardized operation steps, and having can the value of reference;
(2) the lamb's-quarters aleuronat that the embodiment of the present invention obtains is highly profitable to health, be rich in the amino acid of multiple needed by human body and various trace element, the nourishing function there is cosmetology, promoting tissue regeneration, promoting digestion, raising immunizing power, immunomodulatory, antifatigue and delay senility;
(3) extract the purity of the lamb's-quarters aleuronat obtained by the extraction process of the embodiment of the present invention high, purity can reach more than 90%, inclusion-free, lamb's-quarters aleuronat finished product is oyster white, show slightly flaxen powder, and the extraction yield of extraction process itself is high, can 10-12% be reached.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention is the extracting method providing a kind of lamb's-quarters aleuronat, the extracting method of described lamb's-quarters aleuronat has that method is simple, easy handling, operational condition is gentle, technique for subsequent extracted lamb's-quarters aleuronat provides can the method for reference, very there is reference value, the lamb's-quarters aleuronat purity advantages of higher obtained.
The second object of the present invention is that providing a kind of adopts above-mentioned lamb's-quarters aleuronat extracting method to extract the lamb's-quarters aleuronat obtained, this lamb's-quarters aleuronat is creamy white, show slightly faint yellow, for homogeneous pulverulence, purity is high after testing, and be rich in and multiplely can be the amino acid and trace element that human body absorbs, high nutritive value.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy by the following technical solutions:
Embodiments provide a kind of extracting method of lamb's-quarters aleuronat, comprise the steps:
(A) lamb's-quarters wheat cleaned up, soak for some time and pulverize, add NaOH solution and stir for some time more than cryopreservation 24h and obtain lamb's-quarters wheat mud;
(B) described lamb's-quarters wheat mud centrifugal treating is obtained upper liquid, regulate pH to 4-5, obtain protein precipitation;
(C) by described protein precipitation after cleaning, centrifugation, lyophilize step, obtain lamb's-quarters aleuronat.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, embodiment of the present invention are described in detail, but it will be understood to those of skill in the art that the following example only for illustration of the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention.Unreceipted actual conditions person in embodiment, the condition of conveniently conditioned disjunction manufacturers suggestion is carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, be and can buy by commercially available the conventional products obtained.
Embodiment 1
The extracting method of lamb's-quarters aleuronat is as follows:
1) lamb's-quarters wheat clean water cleaned, and remove impurity, pick out the lamb's-quarters wheat of handing over high-quality, lamb's-quarters wheat is soaked 4h in clear water, make it soften, be convenient to grinding, then by soaked lamb's-quarters wheat, with 50 object screen filtrations, drying also leaves standstill 30min;
2) lamb's-quarters wheat is ground to form the powdery of more than 120 orders, equipment is common grinding machine; NaOH (lamb's-quarters wheat/NaOH solution mass ratio is 10:1, and NaOH solution concentration is 0.015mol/L) is added in lamb's-quarters flour.Stir 2h (stir speed (S.S.) is 200rad/min) subsequently at normal temperatures.Lamb's-quarters wheat mud good for mix and blend is preserved 24h in 4 DEG C of refrigerators;
3) by lamb's-quarters wheat mud good for cryopreservation, centrifuging treatment (rotating speed 8000rad/min, treatment time 30min) is carried out at 10 DEG C; Get upper liquid, then adopt 100 object screen filtrations, add the HCL solution that concentration is 0.8mol/L, regulate filtrate acidity to pH4, obtain protein precipitation;
4) protein precipitation distilled water is cleaned, 10 DEG C are carried out centrifuging treatment (rotating speed 8000rad/min, treatment time 30min), isolatedly be lamb's-quarters aleuronat, then lamb's-quarters aleuronat is carried out lyophilize, lyophilize condition is: first vacuumize 1h, subsequently temperature is adjusted to-40 DEG C, and lyophilize is about 8h;
5) lyophilize gained, is lamb's-quarters aleuronat.Cryodesiccated lamb's-quarters aleuronat is carried out pulverizing evenly to 80 orders, lamb's-quarters aleuronat finished product is oyster white, show slightly flaxen powder, put into dark closed glass container, preserve at 4 DEG C of refrigerators, the quality guaranteed period can reach 1 year, and the extraction yield of lamb's-quarters aleuronat is 10% after testing, purity is 90%, and impurity is starch, a small amount of ash content and food fibre.
Embodiment 2
The extracting method of lamb's-quarters aleuronat is as follows:
1) lamb's-quarters wheat clean water cleaned, and remove impurity, pick out the lamb's-quarters wheat of handing over high-quality, lamb's-quarters wheat is soaked 5h in clear water, make it soften, be convenient to grinding, then by soaked lamb's-quarters wheat, with 60 object screen filtrations, drying also leaves standstill 40min;
2) lamb's-quarters wheat is ground to form the powdery of more than 120 orders, equipment is common grinding machine; NaOH (lamb's-quarters wheat/NaOH solution mass ratio is 10:2, and NaOH solution concentration is 0.02mol/L) is added in lamb's-quarters flour.Stir 3h (stir speed (S.S.) is 300rad/min) subsequently at normal temperatures.Lamb's-quarters wheat mud good for mix and blend is preserved 25h in 5 DEG C of refrigerators;
3) by lamb's-quarters wheat mud good for cryopreservation, centrifuging treatment (rotating speed 9000rad/min, treatment time 40min) is carried out at 15 DEG C; Get upper liquid, then adopt 100 object screen filtrations, add the HCL solution that concentration is 1.5mol/L, regulate filtrate acidity to pH4.5, obtain protein precipitation;
4) protein precipitation distilled water is cleaned, 15 DEG C are carried out centrifuging treatment (rotating speed 9000rad/min, treatment time 40min), isolatedly be lamb's-quarters aleuronat, then lamb's-quarters aleuronat is carried out lyophilize, lyophilize condition is: first vacuumize 1h, subsequently temperature is adjusted to-50 DEG C, and lyophilize is about 10h;
5) lyophilize gained, is lamb's-quarters aleuronat.Cryodesiccated lamb's-quarters aleuronat is carried out pulverizing evenly to 90 orders, lamb's-quarters aleuronat finished product is oyster white, show slightly flaxen powder, put into dark closed glass container, preserve at 5 DEG C of refrigerators, the quality guaranteed period can reach 1 year, and the extraction yield of lamb's-quarters aleuronat is 11% after testing, purity is 93%, and impurity is starch, a small amount of ash content and food fibre.
Embodiment 3
The extracting method of lamb's-quarters aleuronat is as follows:
1) lamb's-quarters wheat clean water cleaned, and remove impurity, pick out the lamb's-quarters wheat of handing over high-quality, lamb's-quarters wheat is soaked 4.5h in clear water, make it soften, be convenient to grinding, then by soaked lamb's-quarters wheat, with screen filtrations more than 50 orders, drying also leaves standstill 30min;
2) lamb's-quarters wheat is ground to form the powdery of more than 120 orders, equipment is common grinding machine; NaOH (lamb's-quarters wheat/NaOH solution mass ratio is 10:1.5, and NaOH solution concentration is 0.018mol/L) is added in lamb's-quarters flour.Stir 2.5h (stir speed (S.S.) is 250rad/min) subsequently at normal temperatures.Lamb's-quarters wheat mud good for mix and blend is preserved 25h in 5 DEG C of refrigerators;
3) by lamb's-quarters wheat mud good for cryopreservation, centrifuging treatment (rotating speed 8500rad/min, treatment time 30min) is carried out at 10 DEG C; Get upper liquid, then adopt 100 object screen filtrations, add the HCL solution that concentration is 0.9mol/L, regulate filtrate acidity to pH5, obtain protein precipitation;
4) protein precipitation distilled water is cleaned, 10 DEG C are carried out centrifuging treatment (rotating speed 8500rad/min, treatment time 30min), isolatedly be lamb's-quarters aleuronat, then lamb's-quarters aleuronat is carried out lyophilize, lyophilize condition is: first vacuumize 2h, subsequently temperature is adjusted to-45 DEG C, and lyophilize is about 9h;
5) lyophilize gained, is lamb's-quarters aleuronat.Cryodesiccated lamb's-quarters aleuronat is carried out pulverizing evenly to 80 orders, lamb's-quarters aleuronat finished product is oyster white, show slightly flaxen powder, put into dark closed glass container, preserve at 5 DEG C of refrigerators, the quality guaranteed period can reach 1 year, and the extraction yield of lamb's-quarters aleuronat is 12% after testing, purity is 94%, and impurity is starch, a small amount of ash content and food fibre.
Embodiment 4
The extracting method of lamb's-quarters aleuronat is as follows:
1) lamb's-quarters wheat clean water cleaned, and remove impurity, pick out the lamb's-quarters wheat of handing over high-quality, lamb's-quarters wheat is soaked 5h in clear water, make it soften, be convenient to grinding, then by soaked lamb's-quarters wheat, with 70 object screen filtrations, drying also leaves standstill 30min;
2) lamb's-quarters wheat is ground to form 130 object powderies, equipment is common grinding machine; NaOH (lamb's-quarters wheat/NaOH solution mass ratio is 10:1, and NaOH solution concentration is 0.017mol/L) is added in lamb's-quarters flour.Stir 2h (stir speed (S.S.) is 300rad/min) subsequently at normal temperatures.Lamb's-quarters wheat mud good for mix and blend is preserved 26h in 4.5 DEG C of refrigerators;
3) by lamb's-quarters wheat mud good for cryopreservation, centrifuging treatment (rotating speed 8500rad/min, treatment time 35min) is carried out at 10 DEG C; Get upper liquid, then adopt 100 object screen filtrations, add the HCL solution that concentration is 1.0mol/L, regulate filtrate acidity to pH4.5, obtain protein precipitation;
4) protein precipitation distilled water is cleaned, 10 DEG C are carried out centrifuging treatment (rotating speed 8500rad/min, treatment time 30min), isolatedly be lamb's-quarters aleuronat, then lamb's-quarters aleuronat is carried out lyophilize, lyophilize condition is: first vacuumize 2h, subsequently temperature is adjusted to-40 DEG C, and lyophilize is about 10h;
5) lyophilize gained, is lamb's-quarters aleuronat.Cryodesiccated lamb's-quarters aleuronat is carried out pulverizing evenly to 100 orders, lamb's-quarters aleuronat finished product is oyster white, show slightly flaxen powder, put into dark closed glass container, preserve at 4 DEG C of refrigerators, the quality guaranteed period can reach 1 year, and the extraction yield of lamb's-quarters aleuronat is 12% after testing, purity is 95%, and impurity is starch, a small amount of ash content and food fibre.
Experimental example 1
The indices extracting method of embodiment of the present invention 1-4 being extracted to the lamb's-quarters aleuronat obtained detects, and concrete detected result is as following table 1:
Table 1 detected result
| Sequence number | Test item | Detection method | Detected result |
| 1 | Protein (g/100g) | GB/T5009.5-2010 | 13-14 |
| 2 | Ash content (g/100g) | GB/T5009.4-2010 | 1-2 |
| 3 | Total reducing sugar (g/100g) | GB/T22221-2008 | 5-6 |
| 4 | Phosphorus (mg/kg) | GB/T5009.87-2003 | 3-4 |
| 5 | Iron (mg/kg) | GB/T5009.90-2003 | 28-30 |
| 6 | Magnesium (mg/kg) | GB/T5009.90-2003 | 820-830 |
| 7 | Potassium (mg/kg) | GB/T5009.91-2003 | 540-550 |
| 8 | Sodium (mg/kg) | GB/T5009.91-2003 | 20-23 |
| 9 | VITAMIN (mg/100g) | GB/T5009.82-2003 | 6-7 |
| 10 | Total amino acid (g/100g) | GB/T5009.124-2003 | 11-12 |
| 11 | Total folic acid (g/100g) | GB/T5413.16-2010 | 31-32 |
As can be seen from upper table 1, each nutritive element content of the raw material lamb's-quarters aleuronat of the embodiment of the present invention is high, be rich in the multiple nutritive element useful to human body, the amino acid classes of the lamb's-quarters aleuronat of the embodiment of the present invention comprises ten multiple amino acids such as aspartic acid, Threonine, Serine, L-glutamic acid, glycine, L-Ala, Methionin, VITAMIN comprises alpha-tocopherol, (β/γ)-VITAMIN and delta-tocopherol etc., the nutritive value of the more common animal proteinum of this albumen, com gluten protein is all abundant.
Although illustrate and describe the present invention with specific embodiment, however it will be appreciated that can to make when not deviating from the spirit and scope of the present invention many other change and amendment.Therefore, this means to comprise all such changes and modifications belonged in the scope of the invention in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. an extracting method for lamb's-quarters aleuronat, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(A) lamb's-quarters wheat cleaned up, soak for some time and pulverize, add NaOH solution and stir for some time more than cryopreservation 24h and obtain lamb's-quarters wheat mud;
(B) described lamb's-quarters wheat mud centrifugal treating is obtained upper liquid, regulate pH to 4-5, obtain protein precipitation;
(C) by described protein precipitation after cleaning, centrifugation, lyophilize step, obtain lamb's-quarters aleuronat.
2. the extracting method of a kind of lamb's-quarters aleuronat according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (A), the time of immersion is 4-5h; Preferably, soaking and pulverizing between step and also comprise: the screen filtration of soaked lamb's-quarters wheat more than 50 orders is dry.
3. the extracting method of a kind of lamb's-quarters aleuronat according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (A), the described NaOH solution added and the mass ratio of lamb's-quarters wheat are 1-2:10, and the concentration of described NaOH solution is 0.015-0.02mol/L; Preferably, stirring at normal temperature 2-3h, stir speed (S.S.) is 200-300rad/min.
4. the extracting method of a kind of lamb's-quarters aleuronat according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (A), the order granularity of pulverizing is more than 120 orders; Preferably, the temperature of cryopreservation controls at 4-5 DEG C, and the shelf time is 24-26h.
5. the extracting method of a kind of lamb's-quarters aleuronat according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (B), the temperature of centrifugal treating controls at 10-15 DEG C, and speed is 8000-9000rad/min, and the time controling of centrifugal treating is at 30-40min.
6. the extracting method of a kind of lamb's-quarters aleuronat according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (B), adjustment pH employing concentration is the HCl solution of 0.8-1.5mol/L.
7. the extracting method of a kind of lamb's-quarters aleuronat according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (C), the temperature of centrifugation controls at 10-15 DEG C, and speed is 8000-9000rad/min, and the time controling of centrifugal treating is at 30-40min.
8. the extracting method of a kind of lamb's-quarters aleuronat according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (C), cryodesiccated step comprises: first vacuumize 1-2h, then lyophilize 8-10h under the condition of-40 ~-50 DEG C.
9. the extracting method of a kind of lamb's-quarters aleuronat according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (C), also comprises and be crushed to more than 80 orders and the step of preserving under the condition of 4-5 DEG C after lyophilize.
10. adopt the extracting method of a kind of lamb's-quarters aleuronat described in any one of claim 1-9 to extract the lamb's-quarters aleuronat obtained.
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| CN108142551A (en) * | 2017-12-23 | 2018-06-12 | 西南林业大学 | A kind of quinoa milk beverage for having anti-oxidation function and preparation method thereof |
| CN110438178A (en) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-11-12 | 甘肃省轻工研究院有限责任公司 | A method of amino acid is extracted using quinoa slag |
| CN112358535A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-02-12 | 成都大学 | Method for extracting protein inhibiting candida albicans from quinoa |
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| CN112358535A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-02-12 | 成都大学 | Method for extracting protein inhibiting candida albicans from quinoa |
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Application publication date: 20151223 |