CN105172523A - 制冷和制热循环相互独立的电动汽车空调系统 - Google Patents
制冷和制热循环相互独立的电动汽车空调系统 Download PDFInfo
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- CN105172523A CN105172523A CN201510577666.8A CN201510577666A CN105172523A CN 105172523 A CN105172523 A CN 105172523A CN 201510577666 A CN201510577666 A CN 201510577666A CN 105172523 A CN105172523 A CN 105172523A
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- heating
- car
- heat exchanger
- compressor
- refrigeration
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound 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O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920002456 HOTAIR Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycol Chemical compound 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- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium bromide Chemical compound data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 data:image/svg+xml;base64,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 [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000004243 Sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titan oxide Chemical compound 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O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00007—Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
- B60H1/00021—Air flow details of HVAC devices
- B60H1/00028—Constructional lay-out of the devices in the vehicle
Abstract
一种制冷和制热循环相互独立的电动汽车空调系统，包括：制冷系统、制热系统，制热系统与制冷系统相互独立，依次实现对空气的加热和制冷，制冷系统使用R134a制冷剂，制热系统使用二氧化碳作为制冷剂。制冷系统包括：车内蒸发器、车外换热器、第一轴流风机、第一膨胀阀和汽车空调压缩机。制热系统包括：暖风芯体、二氧化碳压缩机、第二膨胀阀、第二轴流风机和车外蒸发器。制冷时，制冷系统单独制冷；制热时，制热系统单独制热；除雾时，制冷系统和制热系统同时运行，本发明提高了电动汽车空调系统的制热制冷效率，降低了能耗，从而提高了电动汽车的单次充电里程数。
Description
技术领域
[0001 ] 本发明涉及的是一种电动汽车领域的技术，具体是一种制冷和制热循环独立的电动汽车空调系统。
背景技术
[0002]目前，电动汽车通常采用热栗空调来实现车内制冷、制热、除湿和除雾等操作。
[0003] 电动汽车采用电池作为驱动动力，没有用来采暖的发动机余热，不能提供汽车冬天采暖用的热源必须自身具有供暖功能，即要采用热栗空调系统。现有电动汽车空调系统通常采用R134a制冷剂，当环境温度过低时，空调效率降低，制热量减少。所以低温条件下制热，会消耗更多的电力，减少了电动车每次充电的行程。
[0004] R134a制冷剂制冷效果良好，但是低温条件下，以R134a为工质的空调系统效率下降明显。而以二氧化碳工质时，系统仍能够稳定供热，并且耗电量相对较低。
[0005] 经过对现有技术的检索发现，中国专利文献号CN 202470253，公开日为2012年10月03日，公开了一种电动汽车空调系统。该电动汽车空调系统，只有一个循环并且使用单一工质，实现制热、制冷、除雾除湿等功能。该技术低温条件下制热耗能过多，降低了电动汽车的单次充电里程数。
[0006] 中国专利文献CN102121765B，公开日为2012年8月29日，公开了一种太阳能驱动制冷机与二氧化碳热栗的联合空调系统。该系统采用两种工质，分别为溴化锂和二氧化碳。二氧化碳热栗制冷制热，溴化锂制冷机辅助制冷。溴化锂制冷机主要为了解决二氧化碳热栗制冷不足的问题。并不能解决的电动汽车空调系统低温条件下制热耗电量大的问题。
发明内容
[0007] 本发明针对现有技术存在的上述不足，提出一种制冷和制热循环相互独立的电动汽车空调系统，与通常采用R134a制冷剂的电动汽车空调系统相比，能够实现高效制冷制热，降低系统能耗。
[0008] 本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
[0009] 本发明包括:制冷系统和制热系统，其中:制冷系统和制热系统依次对空气加热和制冷，制热系统使用二氧化碳作为制冷剂。
[0010] 所述的制冷系统包括:车内蒸发器、车外换热器、第一轴流风机、第一膨胀阀和汽车空调压缩机，其中:车内蒸发器输出端与汽车空调压缩机输入端相连，车内蒸发器输出端通过第一膨胀阀与车外换热器相连，车外换热器输入端与汽车空调压缩机输出端相连。
[0011] 所述的制热系统包括:暖风芯体、二氧化碳压缩机、第二膨胀阀、第二轴流风机和车外蒸发器，其中:暖风芯体输出端通过第二膨胀阀与车外蒸发器输入端相连，暖风芯体输入端与二氧化碳压缩机输出端相连，二氧化碳压缩机输入端与车外蒸发器输出端相连。
[0012] 空调系统制热时，制冷系统停止运行，制热系统运行加热，制冷剂由车外蒸发器进入二氧化碳压缩机，进入暖风芯体加热空气后，经第二膨胀阀回到车外蒸发器。
[0013] 所述的制热系统包括:暖风芯体、二氧化碳压缩机、第二膨胀阀、第二轴流风机、车外蒸发器、板式换热器、循环水栗和膨胀水箱，其中:二氧化碳压缩机输出端与板式换热器二氧化碳介质输入口相连，暖风芯体输出端与板式换热器中间介质输入口相连，暖风芯体输入端依次与膨胀水箱和循环水栗相连，循环水栗输入端与板式换热器中间介质输出口相连，板式换热器二氧化碳介质输出口与车外蒸发器相连。
[0014] 所述的系统制热时，二氧化碳制冷剂由压缩机进入板式换热器，与中间介质进行换热，而后中间介质流经循环水栗增加扬程，中间介质由膨胀水箱进入暖风芯体中加热空气。
[0015] 空调系统在除霜和除湿时，制冷系统与制热系统同时运行，空气首先经过制冷系统除湿，再经过制热系统加热。
技术效果
[0016]与现有技术相比，本发明实现提高制热效率，同时制冷效率没有降低，整体系统能耗降低。
附图说明
[0017] 图1为实施例1制冷制热循环图；
[0018] 图2为实施例2制冷制热循环图；
[0019] 图中:1离心风机；2车内蒸发器；3暖风芯体；4车外换热器；5第一轴流风机；6第一膨胀阀；7汽车空调压缩机；8 二氧化碳压缩机；9第二膨胀阀；10第二轴流风机；11车外蒸发器；12板式换热器；13循环水栗；14膨胀水箱。
具体实施方式
[0020] 下面对本发明的实施例作详细说明，本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程，但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1
[0021] 如图1所示，本实施例包括:制冷系统、制热系统，制热系统与制冷系统相互独立，依次实现对空气的加热和制冷，制冷系统使用R134a作为制冷剂，制热系统使用二氧化碳作为制冷剂。
[0022] 所述的制冷系统采用R134a制冷剂，制热系统采用二氧化碳作为制冷剂。
[0023] 所述的制冷系统包括:车内蒸发器2、车外换热器4、第一轴流风机5、第一膨胀阀6和汽车空调压缩机7，其中:车内蒸发器2输出端与汽车空调压缩机7输入端相连，车内蒸发器2输出端通过第一膨胀阀6与车外换热器4相连，车外换热器4输入端与汽车空调压缩机7输出端相连。
[0024] 所述的制热系统包括:暖风芯体3、二氧化碳压缩机8、第二膨胀阀9、第二轴流风机10和车外蒸发器11，其中:暖风芯体3输出端通过第二膨胀阀9与车外蒸发器11输入端相连，暖风芯体3输入端与二氧化碳压缩机8输出端相连，二氧化碳压缩机8输入端与车外蒸发器11输出端相连。
[0025] 空调制冷时，单独运行制冷系统，汽车空调压缩机7从车内蒸发器2吸入制冷剂进行压缩，排气口连接车外换热器4。制冷剂在车外换热器4中，经环境冷却后，通过第一膨胀阀6节流后进入车内蒸发器2内蒸发制冷，对由离心风机I给入的空气降温，完成制冷循环。
[0026] 空调制热时，单独运行制热系统，二氧化碳压缩机8从车外蒸发器11中吸入制冷剂进行压缩，排气口连接暖风芯体3，暖风芯体3加热空气。制冷剂经第二膨胀阀9节流后，回到车外蒸发器11内，完成制热循环。
[0027] 空调除湿和除雾时，制冷系统和制热系统同时开启，空气首先经过制冷系统进行除湿，而后经过制热系统加热，实现车内除湿和除雾。
[0028] 本发明的空调系统，与现有技术相比，能够提高制冷和制热效率，大大减少了电动汽车空调系统的耗能，从而增加了电动汽车的里程数。
实施例2
[0029] 如图2所示，本实施例包括:制冷系统、制热系统，制热系统与制冷系统相互独立，依次实现对空气的加热和制冷，制冷系统使用R134a作为制冷剂，制热系统使用二氧化碳作为制冷剂。
[0030] 二氧化碳制冷剂的循环压力较高，对系统换热器的耐压要求很高，所以通过中间介质对空气进行加热，降低对换热器的要求。中间介质可以是水、水和乙二醇的混合液或其他惰性液体。
[0031] 本实施例与实施例1相比的不同之处在于:
[0032] 所述的制热系统包括:暖风芯体3、二氧化碳压缩机8、第二膨胀阀9、第二轴流风机10、车外蒸发器11、板式换热器12、循环水栗13和膨胀水箱14，其中:二氧化碳压缩机8输出端与板式换热器12 二氧化碳介质输入口相连，暖风芯体3输出端与板式换热器12中间介质输入口相连，暖风芯体3输入端依次与膨胀水箱14和循环水栗13相连，循环水栗13输入端与板式换热器12中间介质输出口相连，板式换热器12 二氧化碳质输出口与车外蒸发器11相连。
[0033] 空调制冷时，单独运行制冷系统，汽车空调压缩机7从车内蒸发器2吸入制冷剂进行压缩，排气口连接车外换热器4。制冷剂在车外换热器4中，经环境冷却后，通过第一膨胀阀6节流后进入车内蒸发器2内蒸发制冷，完成制冷循环。
[0034] 空调制热时，单独运行制热系统。二氧化碳压缩机8从车外蒸发器11中吸入制冷剂进行压缩，排气口连接板式换热器12。板式换热器12还与暖风芯体3、循环水栗13以及第二膨胀阀相连。制冷剂经过板式换热器12，再经第二膨胀阀9，回到车外蒸发器11。制冷剂在板式换热器12中与中间介质进行热交换，而后中间介质流经循环水栗13增加扬程，中间介质由膨胀水箱14进入暖风芯体3中加热空气，实现对空气的加热。
[0035] 空调除湿和除雾时，制冷系统和制热系统同时开启，空气首先经过制冷系统进行除湿，而后经过制热系统加热，实现车内除湿和除雾。
[0036] 与实施例1相比，本实施例进一步的技术效果在于:通过中间介质加热空气，进一步提高了空调系统的效率，提高了空调系统的适用性，降低了系统换热器的耐压要求，减少了成本。
Claims (6)
1.一种制冷和制热循环相互独立的电动汽车空调系统，其特征在于，包括:制冷系统和制热系统，其中:制冷系统和制热系统能够依次对空气加热和制冷，制热系统使用二氧化碳作为制冷剂； 所述的制热系统为以下任意一种结构实现: ①该制热系统包括:暖风芯体、二氧化碳压缩机、第二膨胀阀、第二轴流风机和车外蒸发器，其中:暖风芯体输出端通过第二膨胀阀与车外蒸发器输入端相连，暖风芯体输入端与二氧化碳压缩机输出端相连，二氧化碳压缩机输入端与车外蒸发器输出端相连； ②该制热系统包括:暖风芯体、二氧化碳压缩机、第二膨胀阀、第二轴流风机、车外蒸发器、板式换热器、循环水栗和膨胀水箱，其中:二氧化碳压缩机输出端与板式换热器二氧化碳介质输入口相连，暖风芯体输出端与板式换热器中间介质输入口相连，暖风芯体输入端依次与膨胀水箱和循环水栗相连，循环水栗输入端与板式换热器中间介质输出口相连，板式换热器二氧化碳介质输出口与车外蒸发器相连。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制冷和制热循环相互独立的电动汽车空调系统，其特征是，所述的制冷系统包括:车内蒸发器、车外换热器、第一轴流风机、第一膨胀阀和汽车空调压缩机，其中:车内蒸发器输出端与汽车空调压缩机输入端相连，车内蒸发器输出端通过第一膨胀阀与车外换热器相连，车外换热器输入端与汽车空调压缩机输出端相连。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制冷和制热循环相互独立的电动汽车空调系统，其特征是，空调系统制热时，制冷系统停止运行，制热系统运行加热，制冷剂由车外蒸发器进入二氧化碳压缩机，进入暖风芯体加热空气后，经第二膨胀阀回到车外蒸发器。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制冷和制热循环相互独立的电动汽车空调系统，其特征是，所述的系统加热时，二氧化碳制冷剂由压缩机进入板式换热器，与中间介质进行换热，而后中间介质流经循环水栗增加扬程，中间介质由膨胀水箱进入暖风芯体中加热空气，空调系统在除霜和除湿时，制冷系统与制热系统同时运行，空气首先经过制冷系统除湿，再经过制热系统加热。
5.根据权利要求2所述的制冷和制热循环相互独立的电动汽车空调系统，其特征是，所述的制冷系统采用R134a制冷剂。
6.根据权利要求1或4所述的制冷和制热循环相互独立的电动汽车空调系统，其特征是，所述的中间介质采用水、水和乙二醇的混合液或其他惰性液体。
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