CN105136315A - Real-time quantification phase retrieval apparatus - Google Patents
Real-time quantification phase retrieval apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN105136315A CN105136315A CN201510509032.9A CN201510509032A CN105136315A CN 105136315 A CN105136315 A CN 105136315A CN 201510509032 A CN201510509032 A CN 201510509032A CN 105136315 A CN105136315 A CN 105136315A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a real time quantification phase retrieval apparatus. The real time quantification phase retrieval apparatus is coordinated with an imaging device, and comprises a first lens assembly and a second lens assembly, wherein the optical center of the first lens assembly and the optical center of the second lens assembly are arranged on the same straight line; the first lens assembly and the second lens assembly are arranged back and forth; the imaging device performs imaging at the front focus position of the first lens assembly; the real time quantification phase retrieval apparatus also includes at least one beam splitter and at least two CCD image sensors for capturing the light after beam splitting by a beam splitter, wherein one of the CCD image sensors is located at the back focus position of the second lens assembly to capture a positive image; other CCD image sensors capture the under-focused or over-focused image; the positive image is geometrically symmetrically with the under-focused image or the over-focused image; and the size of the positive image is identical to the size of the under-focused image or the over-focused image. The real time quantification phase retrieval apparatus has no requirement for performing mechanical moving or adjusting during the light intensity image acquisition process, and is high in stability, and can retrieve the quantification phase information, and is suitable for any imaging systems, and is high in resolution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of optical measurements, in particular a kind of real-time quantitative phase recovery device.
Background technology
Complete field information comprises intensity signal and phase information.Current light sensitive device (as CCD etc.) can only detect the strength information of light field.Therefore, how being calculated the PHASE DISTRIBUTION of light field by strength information, is an important topic of contemporary optics development.In prior art, two classes are substantially divided into from the method for distribution of light intensity information extraction PHASE DISTRIBUTION, process of iteration and direct extraction method, such as, based on the one that the Phase Retrieve Algorithm of light intensity transmission equation (TIE:TransportofIntensityEquation) is exactly in extracting directly.
The ultimate principle of TIE algorithm is the PHASE DISTRIBUTION utilizing the light intensity measure of the change along optical propagation direction to extrapolate vertical direction distribution, and it realizes the general luminous intensity measurement needing more than twice or twice, comprises the intensity signal measured on different focal plane, out of focus face.And in order to gather these out of focus plot of light intensity pictures, generally need mechanically repeatedly motive objects plane or the mobile intensity signal obtained as plane on object out of focus face.This way inevitably reduces the speed of data acquisition, make the method be difficult to be applied to needs in real time, the occasion of kinetic measurement.In recent years, for this problem, the research improving light intensity transmission equation method intensity recording mode also emerges in an endless stream.Their common objective is the Mechanical Moving avoiding introducing in intensity image collection, such as expose obtain equivalent defocus plot of light intensity picture by aberration and the multiplexing single coloured image that realizes of Color Channel, and utilize spatial light modulator to carry out electric light out of focus, the pattern of different defocusing amount is gathered by one camera subregion.Although these methods can avoid the Mechanical Moving taking intensity image to introduce, still lower in the accuracy of Phase Build Out, and sacrifice the resolution of camera, reduce practicality and actual effect.
Therefore, prior art has yet to be improved and developed.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of real-time quantitative phase recovery device, acquisition plot of light intensity picture rapidly and efficiently also calculates light field phase place according to plot of light intensity picture, effectively the range of application of light intensity transmission equation method is extended to quick dynamic object from static gradual object.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: a kind of real-time quantitative phase recovery device, with imaging device with the use of, wherein, comprise photocentre and be in the first lens combination on same straight line and the second lens combination, described first lens combination and the second lens combination are arranged before and after; Described imaging device is in the front focus place imaging of the first lens combination;
Also comprise at least one beam splitter and at least two for catching the ccd image sensor of the light after beam splitter beam splitting, one of them ccd image sensor is positioned at the back focus place of the second lens combination, seizure obtains positive burnt image, other ccd image sensors catch owes burnt or overfocus image, described positive burnt image with owe burnt or overfocus image geometry symmetrical and measure-alike.
Described real-time quantitative phase recovery device, wherein, the distance of described first lens combination and the second lens combination is greater than the focal length of the second lens combination, makes diaphragm be in the front focal plane place of the second lens combination.
Described real-time quantitative phase recovery device, wherein, described beam splitter arranges one, is placed on rear side of the second lens combination, carries out beam splitting to the light through the second lens combination;
Described ccd image sensor arranges two, a back focus position being placed in the second lens combination, and for catching the light through beam splitter, obtain positive burnt image, another is for catching the light of beam splitter reflection, obtains owing burnt or overfocus image.
Described real-time quantitative phase recovery device, wherein, described beam splitter arranges one, is placed between the first lens combination and the second lens combination, carries out beam splitting to the light through the first lens combination;
Also comprise catoptron and the 3rd lens, described 3rd lens and the second lens combination be arranged in parallel, and the focal length of the 3rd lens is identical with the focal length of the second lens combination, and the light after beam splitter reflection after catoptron reflection, penetrates through the 3rd lens again;
Described ccd image sensor arranges two, and a back focus position being placed in the second lens combination, for catching the light through beam splitter, obtains positive burnt image; Another is placed in after the 3rd lens, for catching the light through the 3rd lens injection, obtains owing burnt or overfocus image.
Described real-time quantitative phase recovery device, wherein, described beam splitter arranges two, be respectively the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter, two beam splitters are all placed between the first lens combination and the second lens combination, second beam splitter carries out beam splitting to the light through the first lens combination, and the first beam splitter carries out beam splitting to the light through the second beam splitter;
Also comprise the first catoptron, the second catoptron, the 3rd lens and the 4th lens, described 3rd lens and the 4th lens and the second lens combination be arranged in parallel, 3rd lens are identical with the focal length of the second lens combination with the focal length of the 4th lens, light after the first beam splitter reflection is again after the first catoptron reflection, through the 3rd lens injection, light after the second beam splitter reflection after the second catoptron reflection, penetrates through the 4th lens again;
Described ccd image sensor arranges three, be respectively the first ccd image sensor, the second ccd image sensor and the 3rd ccd image sensor, first ccd image sensor is placed in the back focus position of the second lens combination, for catching the light through beam splitter, obtains positive burnt image; Second ccd image sensor is placed in after the 3rd lens, for catching the light through the 3rd lens injection, obtains deficient burnt image; 3rd ccd image sensor is placed in after the 4th lens, for catching the light through the 4th lens injection, obtains overfocus image.
Described real-time quantitative phase recovery device, wherein, in described real-time quantitative phase recovery device, the target position of each ccd image sensor and the light of its seizure the difference of focal position of last lens of process be less than 100 μm.
Described real-time quantitative phase recovery device, wherein, in described real-time quantitative phase recovery device, each ccd image sensor is color image sensor.
Described real-time quantitative phase recovery device, wherein, in described real-time quantitative phase recovery device, each beam splitter is non-polarizing beamsplitter.
Described real-time quantitative phase recovery device, wherein, its phase recovery method comprises the following steps:
A, utilize two ccd image sensors to catch to obtain two width intensity maps, be respectively positive burnt image I0 (x, y) and out-of-focus image Id (x, y), described out-of-focus image is for owing Jiao or overfocus image;
B, align burnt image and out-of-focus image and carry out numerical value and check the mark, obtain axial differential:
Wherein dz be catch the target position of ccd image sensor of out-of-focus image Id and the light of its seizure the difference of focal position of last lens of process;
C, utilize axial differential and positive burnt image I0, by following equations PHASE DISTRIBUTION, formula is:
Wherein, IFT is inverse fourier transform, and FT is Fourier transform, and k is wave number.
Described real-time quantitative phase recovery device, wherein, its phase recovery method comprises the following steps:
A, utilize three ccd image sensors to catch to obtain three width intensity maps, be respectively positive burnt image I0 (x, y), owe burnt image I1 (x, y) and overfocus image I2 (x, y);
B, ask axial differential, formula is as follows:
Wherein dz1 by seizure owe the target position of ccd image sensor of burnt image I1 and the light of its seizure the difference of focal position of last lens of process; Dz2 be catch the target position of ccd image sensor of overfocus image I2 and the light of its seizure the difference of focal position of last lens of process;
C, solve PHASE DISTRIBUTION, formula is as follows:
Wherein, IFT is inverse fourier transform, and FT is Fourier transform, and k is wave number.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention gather plot of light intensity as time without the need to carrying out Mechanical Moving or adjustment, good stability, the high quick-recovery quantitative phase information of energy, the present invention is simultaneously applicable to any imaging system, applied range, adopt multiple ccd image sensor to catch image, resolution is high, is applicable to applying.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of real-time quantitative phase recovery device in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram that real-time quantitative phase recovery device coordinates microscopic system use.
Fig. 3 is the lateral symmetry principle key diagram that two ccd image sensors catch image.
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structure diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
For making object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, clearly, developing simultaneously referring to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail for embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment discloses a kind of real-time quantitative phase recovery device, its structural representation as shown in Figure 1, comprise photocentre and be in the first lens 110 and the second lens 120 on same straight line, first lens 110 and the second lens 120 are arranged before and after, the distance of the first lens 110 and the second lens 120 is greater than the focal length of the second lens 120, and ensures that the diaphragm of system is in the front focal plane place of the second lens 120.On rear side of the second lens 120, be provided with the first beam splitter 210, this first beam splitter 210 is for carrying out beam splitting to the light penetrated from the second lens 120.Second lens 120 back focus place is provided with the first ccd image sensor 310, for catching the light through the first beam splitter 210; The lower end of the first beam splitter 210 is provided with the second ccd image sensor 320, for catching the light after the first beam splitter 210 reflects.In practical application, the first lens 110 (or first lens 120) can be substituted by lens combination and use.
Traditional imaging system only adopts lens to carry out imaging, can produce extra spherical aberration at imaging surface, and this will cause the magnification of optical system to change along with the change of out of focus distance, thus complicates the issue.And the present invention adopts infinity imaging system, be parallel rays between two lens, this setup, even if change over image planes distance, multiplying power also can not change, and is highly suitable for non-iterative Phase Retrieve Algorithm.
See Fig. 2, the real-time quantitative phase recovery device 10 of the present embodiment uses in conjunction with microscopic system 20, wherein, microscopic system 20 comprises collecting lens 21, aperture diaphragm 22, condenser 23, testing sample 24, microcobjective 25, microscopic mirrors 26 and tube lens 27.During use, microscopic system 20 is in the front focus place imaging (in see Fig. 2 label 28) of the first lens of real-time quantitative phase recovery device 10, first ccd image sensor 310 catches and obtains positive burnt image, and the second ccd image sensor 320 catches and obtains deficient burnt image.
Imaging is carried out, so need to mate two ccd image sensors owing to employing two ccd image sensors.See Fig. 3, light arrives two ccd image sensors respectively by the first beam splitter 210, and the first ccd image sensor 310 collects the light signal of transmission, and the second ccd image sensor 320 collects the light signal of reflection.In order to figuratively bright problem, suppose that this light signal is " right-angle triangle " and " circle " (as shown in Figure 3), can find out, see along horizontal pixel array direction, it is right-angle triangle that first ccd image sensor 310 catches the right on the image that obtains, and the left side is round; Second ccd image sensor 320 for the right be round, the left side is right-angle triangle.Be not difficult to find, the image that two ccd image sensors collect is contrary in the horizontal direction of collection face, in the vertical direction is identical, namely there is geometry symmetric relation in the horizontal direction of CCD pixel, but in the vertical direction does not have geometry symmetric relation, so need in actual applications to carry out flip horizontal operation to image.In the ideal case, it should be completely corresponding that first ccd image sensor 310 and the second ccd image sensor 320 catch the image obtained, i.e. perfect alignment and measure-alike, but certain systematic error may be there is in reality, so adopt method for registering images (as prior aries such as cross-correlation, Fourier phase correlation methods) to carry out image registration to two figure, select suitable region to ensure that size is completely the same, after process, finally obtain focusing, out of focus two width plot of light intensity picture.
The present embodiment also proposed a kind of phase recovery method based on this real-time quantitative phase recovery device, comprises the following steps:
A, utilize the first ccd image sensor 310 and the second ccd image sensor 320 to catch to obtain two width intensity maps, be respectively positive burnt image I0 (x, y) and deficient burnt image Id (x, y).
B, align burnt image and owe burnt image and carry out numerical value and check the mark, obtain axial differential:
Wherein dz is the distance (see Fig. 1) of the target position of the second ccd image sensor 320 and the back focal plane of the second lens 120, and in practical application, this dz is no more than 100 μm, otherwise can cause extreme influence to computational accuracy.
C, utilize axial differential and positive burnt image I0, by following equations PHASE DISTRIBUTION, formula is:
Wherein, IFT is inverse fourier transform, and FT is Fourier transform, and k is wave number.
Can be seen by above-mentioned steps, at a time, the present invention can gather the plot of light intensity picture that two have different defocusing amount.Relative defocusing amount between two width images is determined by when setting up system, and can not change in use procedure.Due in gatherer process without any need for Mechanical Moving and adjustment, so system can highly stable, recover quantitative phase images at high speed, and image taking speed is only determined by the picking rate of imaging device, little to environmental requirement, practical.Meanwhile, device of the present invention can coordinate different imaging systems to use, applied range.Finally, Measuring Time of the present invention is short, and due to the use of two ccd image sensor, solves the problem that resolution is low.
Embodiment 2
In order to the volume of reduction means, the present embodiment improves on the basis of embodiment 1, proposes scheme as shown in Figure 4.Concrete, the first differential 210 is moved between the first lens 110 and the second lens 120, increase the first catoptron 410 coordinated with the second ccd image sensor 320 and the 3rd lens 130 simultaneously.First differential 210 carries out beam splitting (transmitted light and reflected light) to the light through the first lens 110, after transmitted light enters the second lens 120, enters the first ccd image sensor 310; Reflected light enters the second ccd image sensor 320 after the first catoptron 410 and the 3rd lens 130.This setup, utilizes catoptron to change light path, makes whole device compacter, decrease the volume of whole device.
In practical application, in order to ensure the first ccd image sensor 310 and the second ccd image sensor 320 catch the images match obtained, the focal length of the second lens 120 and the 3rd lens 130 requires identical.
The phase recovery method of the present embodiment is consistent with embodiment.
Embodiment 3
In order to improve precision and the accuracy of phase recovery result, the present embodiment improves embodiment 2, see Fig. 5, device adds a light path and a ccd image sensor again, device realizes seizure and obtains three width images, and calculated by this three width image, greatly improve precision and the accuracy of result of calculation.
Concrete, between the first beam splitter 210 and the first lens 110, the second beam splitter 220 is set, the second catoptron 420 coordinated with the second beam splitter 220 and the 4th lens 140 being set simultaneously, the 3rd ccd image sensor 330 being set, for catching overfocus image below at the 4th lens 140.
The device of the present embodiment catches and obtains three width images, be respectively by the first ccd image sensor 310 catch obtain positive burnt image, to be caught the deficient burnt image that obtains by the second ccd image sensor 320 and caught the overfocus image obtained by the 3rd ccd image sensor 330, in order to make this three width images match, require that the second lens, the 3rd lens are identical with the focal length of the 4th lens.
For the device of the present embodiment, original phase recovery computing method are changed, specifically comprise the following steps:
A, utilize three ccd image sensors to catch to obtain three width intensity maps, be respectively positive burnt image I0 (x, y), owe burnt image I1 (x, y) and overfocus image I2 (x, y);
B, ask axial differential, formula is as follows:
Wherein dz1 is the distance of the target position of the second ccd image sensor 320 and the back focal plane of the 3rd lens 130, and dz2 is the distance (see Fig. 5) of the target position of the 3rd ccd image sensor 330 and the back focal plane of the 4th lens 140.
C, solve PHASE DISTRIBUTION, formula is as follows:
Wherein, IFT is inverse fourier transform, and FT is Fourier transform, and k is wave number.
Should be understood that, application of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned citing, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or convert, and all these improve and convert the protection domain that all should belong to claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a real-time quantitative phase recovery device, with imaging device with the use of, it is characterized in that, comprise photocentre and be in the first lens combination on same straight line and the second lens combination, described first lens combination and the second lens combination are arranged before and after; Described imaging device is in the front focus place imaging of the first lens combination;
Also comprise at least one beam splitter and at least two for catching the ccd image sensor of the light after beam splitter beam splitting, one of them ccd image sensor is positioned at the back focus place of the second lens combination, seizure obtains positive burnt image, other ccd image sensors catch owes burnt or overfocus image, described positive burnt image with owe burnt or overfocus image geometry symmetrical and measure-alike.
2. real-time quantitative phase recovery device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the distance of described first lens combination and the second lens combination is greater than the focal length of the second lens combination, makes diaphragm be in the front focal plane place of the second lens combination.
3. real-time quantitative phase recovery device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described beam splitter arranges one, is placed on rear side of the second lens combination, carries out beam splitting to the light through the second lens combination;
Described ccd image sensor arranges two, a back focus position being placed in the second lens combination, and for catching the light through beam splitter, obtain positive burnt image, another is for catching the light of beam splitter reflection, obtains owing burnt or overfocus image.
4. real-time quantitative phase recovery device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described beam splitter arranges one, is placed between the first lens combination and the second lens combination, carries out beam splitting to the light through the first lens combination;
Also comprise catoptron and the 3rd lens, described 3rd lens and the second lens combination be arranged in parallel, and the focal length of the 3rd lens is identical with the focal length of the second lens combination, and the light after beam splitter reflection after catoptron reflection, penetrates through the 3rd lens again;
Described ccd image sensor arranges two, and a back focus position being placed in the second lens combination, for catching the light through beam splitter, obtains positive burnt image; Another is placed in after the 3rd lens, for catching the light through the 3rd lens injection, obtains owing burnt or overfocus image.
5. real-time quantitative phase recovery device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described beam splitter arranges two, be respectively the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter, two beam splitters are all placed between the first lens combination and the second lens combination, second beam splitter carries out beam splitting to the light through the first lens combination, and the first beam splitter carries out beam splitting to the light through the second beam splitter;
Also comprise the first catoptron, the second catoptron, the 3rd lens and the 4th lens, described 3rd lens and the 4th lens and the second lens combination be arranged in parallel, 3rd lens are identical with the focal length of the second lens combination with the focal length of the 4th lens, light after the first beam splitter reflection is again after the first catoptron reflection, through the 3rd lens injection, light after the second beam splitter reflection after the second catoptron reflection, penetrates through the 4th lens again;
Described ccd image sensor arranges three, be respectively the first ccd image sensor, the second ccd image sensor and the 3rd ccd image sensor, first ccd image sensor is placed in the back focus position of the second lens combination, for catching the light through beam splitter, obtains positive burnt image; Second ccd image sensor is placed in after the 3rd lens, for catching the light through the 3rd lens injection, obtains deficient burnt image; 3rd ccd image sensor is placed in after the 4th lens, for catching the light through the 4th lens injection, obtains overfocus image.
6. the real-time quantitative phase recovery device according to Claims 1 to 5 any one, it is characterized in that, in described real-time quantitative phase recovery device, the target position of each ccd image sensor and the light of its seizure the difference of focal position of last lens of process be less than 100 μm.
7. the real-time quantitative phase recovery device according to Claims 1 to 5 any one, is characterized in that, in described real-time quantitative phase recovery device, each ccd image sensor is color image sensor.
8. the real-time quantitative phase recovery device according to Claims 1 to 5 any one, is characterized in that, in described real-time quantitative phase recovery device, each beam splitter is non-polarizing beamsplitter.
9. the real-time quantitative phase recovery device according to claim 3 or 4, it is characterized in that, its phase recovery method comprises the following steps:
A, utilize two ccd image sensors to catch to obtain two width intensity maps, be respectively positive burnt image I0 (x, y) and out-of-focus image Id (x, y), described out-of-focus image is for owing Jiao or overfocus image;
B, align burnt image and out-of-focus image and carry out numerical value and check the mark, obtain axial differential:
Wherein dz be catch the target position of ccd image sensor of out-of-focus image Id and the light of its seizure the difference of focal position of last lens of process;
C, utilize axial differential and positive burnt image I0, by following equations PHASE DISTRIBUTION, formula is:
Wherein, IFT is inverse fourier transform, and FT is Fourier transform, and k is wave number.
10. real-time quantitative phase recovery device according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, its phase recovery method comprises the following steps:
A, utilize three ccd image sensors to catch to obtain three width intensity maps, be respectively positive burnt image I0 (x, y), owe burnt image I1 (x, y) and overfocus image I2 (x, y);
B, ask axial differential, formula is as follows:
Wherein dz1 by seizure owe the target position of ccd image sensor of burnt image I1 and the light of its seizure the difference of focal position of last lens of process; Dz2 be catch the target position of ccd image sensor of overfocus image I2 and the light of its seizure the difference of focal position of last lens of process;
C, solve PHASE DISTRIBUTION, formula is as follows:
Wherein, IFT is inverse fourier transform, and FT is Fourier transform, and k is wave number.
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Application publication date: 20151209 |