CN105128680A - Three-freedom-degree series-parallel type pantograph - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-degree-of-freedom mixed pantograph, which comprises a base, a parallel bow raising mechanism, a bow head shock absorber and a bow head slide plate. There are supporting insulators on the four corners below the base; the bottom of the parallel bow raising mechanism is installed on the base; the bow head shock absorber has four groups, and is symmetrically fixed on the top of the parallel bow raising mechanism, It is used to realize the longitudinal vibration reduction of the pantograph; the bow head slide plate is fixed on the top of the bow head shock absorber through a safety screw, and a safety groove is provided on the polished rod section of the safety screw to protect the pantograph Pantograph body and catenary. The invention can overcome the technical defects of the existing pantograph, not only can realize the load bearing and vibration reduction in the direction of three degrees of freedom in space, but also can avoid the occurrence of safety accidents such as bow removal and scraping net, and improve the working stability of the pantograph , safety and adaptability to catenary, it has the advantages of simple structure, convenient installation, convenient operation and maintenance, etc.

Description

Three-degree-of-freedom hybrid pantograph

technical field

The invention relates to the field of electrical equipment for the operation of electric trains or locomotives, in particular to a three-degree-of-freedom hybrid pantograph capable of damping vibration in all directions of three degrees of freedom in space.

Background technique

The pantograph, also known as the pantograph, is the electrical equipment for the electric locomotive to receive electric energy from the catenary, and is installed on the roof. As one of the key components of the electric locomotive, the pantograph plays a key role in the safe and stable operation of the vehicle at high speed. In high-speed train running, the requirements for the smoothness between the pantograph and the catenary are very high, and a slight error will easily lead to failure. Especially in the operation of EMUs and subway trains, pantographs are relied on to obtain power from the catenary to drive the locomotive forward. Once the two are separated, the locomotive will lose power and lose control, and may even cause the train to derail.

At present, the pantographs used by electric locomotives can be divided into four categories: double-arm type, single-arm type, vertical type and Shijin type. Among them, the double-armed pantograph is also known as the "diamond" pantograph, but due to the high maintenance cost and the risk of breaking the tram line in case of failure, some new railway vehicles have been replaced by Single-arm pantograph; some railway vehicles (such as Shinkansen 300 series cars) have been transformed from the original double-arm pantograph to single-arm pantograph. The pantograph in the shape of "Z" (Z) (ㄑ) is the most commonly used. Its advantage is that it has lower noise than the double-armed pantograph, and it is less likely to break the tram line when it fails. It is currently the most common. Pantograph type. Vertical pantograph is also called "T" shape (also known as wing shape) pantograph. Its low wind resistance characteristics are more suitable for high-speed driving to reduce noise when driving. It is mainly used for high-speed railway vehicles. However, due to the high cost, the vertical pantograph has not been used (the Japanese Shinkansen 500 series was transformed from a vertical pantograph to a single-arm pantograph). The Ishizu-type pantograph was invented in 1951 by Ryusuke Ishizu, the sixth-generation president of Okayama Electric Railway in Japan, and is also known as "Okaden-type" and "Oka-rail type". In addition to the double-arm type, pantographs of other structures adopt a series structure.

Pantograph-catenary accidents account for about 80% of the total accidents caused by power outages and outages of electrified railways. The calculation of economic losses caused by pantograph-catenary accidents every year is quite considerable. Accidents caused by pantographs currently in use, such as bow scraping nets or net scraping bows, are relatively serious. The manifestations are as follows: in the slightest, a hanging hook is broken and the pantograph contact slats are scraped, in severe cases, the catenary wires and catenary cables are scraped, the pillars are dumped, the pantograph of the locomotive is completely destroyed, the catenary is powered off, and the driving is interrupted, etc. . All these accidents will bring a lot of difficulties and dangers to emergency repair if they occur in some special regional environmental conditions. In recent years, pantograph-catenary accidents have been improved to varying degrees from the pantograph to the catenary, and the technical performance of the equipment has been improved in management, and the pantograph-catenary accidents have declined to a certain extent. , did not fundamentally solve the above problems.

The current receiving quality of pantograph and catenary line of electric locomotive mainly depends on the interaction between pantograph and catenary. In order to ensure the smooth circulation of the traction current, there must be a certain contact pressure between the pantograph and the contact wire. If the pantograph-catenary contact pressure is too small, it will increase the off-line rate; if it is too large, it will cause greater mechanical wear between the slide plate and the contact line. The actual pantograph-catenary contact pressure is composed of four parts: the pantograph lifting device is applied to the slide plate, so that the upward vertical force is the static contact pressure; due to the elastic difference of the contact suspension itself, the contact line will be generated under the lifting action of the pantograph Different degrees of rise, so that the pantograph will vibrate up and down during operation, so that the pantograph produces an up and down dynamic contact pressure related to its own reduced mass; the pantograph is generated by the action of air flow during operation An aerodynamic force that increases rapidly with increasing speed; the damping force generated by the joints of the pantograph during the lifting and lowering of the bow. In addition, if the electric locomotive encounters a side wind during operation, it will also generate a large lateral force on the pantograph.

The traditional pantograph is limited by its inherent structure. The bow head mainly moves in the vertical direction. Only the pre-tightening force and the buffer device for vibration reduction are set in the vertical direction, while there is no vibration reduction device in other directions. In addition, the existing pantograph is not equipped with a bow head separation device. When pantograph-catenary scraping occurs, the scraper on the bow head cannot be disengaged, which easily leads to pantograph-catenary scraping accidents. The existing pantograph not only has poor structural stability, but also seldom considers the protection measures when the lateral force and the pantograph-catenary scrape, so there are certain safety hazards.

Aiming at the problems of insufficient motion freedom and vibration damping performance of existing pantographs, existing patent documents have also proposed some solutions. For example, Chinese patent application number 201410409208.9 discloses a three-degree-of-freedom hybrid The pantograph includes an electric drive transmission system fixed on the base, and the bow head, and also includes a transverse shock absorber, a parallel support frame and a longitudinal shock absorber. There are four transverse shock absorbers on the base, and the parallel support frame There are four longitudinal shock absorbers on the top of the bow, and a separator on the bow head, which can realize the bearing and vibration reduction in the three degrees of freedom directions of the space, and can also avoid the occurrence of safety accidents such as bow removal and scraping the net, and improve the power receiving. The structural stability of the bow and the adaptability to the catenary, but its structure is too complicated, the control is inconvenient, and the cost is high; the Chinese patent application number 201410409246.4 discloses a three-degree-of-freedom hybrid pantograph based on a double parallel mechanism , including the base, double-parallel support frame, longitudinal shock absorber, safety pin shaft, skateboard pillar and skateboard, two sets of longitudinal shock absorbers are arranged on the connecting plate, and safety pin shafts are arranged between the guide bracket and the skateboard, The invention can realize load bearing and vibration reduction in the directions of three degrees of freedom in space, and has good adaptability to catenary, but it requires high manufacturing precision, and the control is inconvenient and the cost is high.

The present invention relates to a hybrid mechanism used as the support and lifting device of the pantograph slide, so that the bow slide has three degrees of freedom in space, two movements and one independent rotation, and in the directions of the above three degrees of freedom The utility model has the function of damping vibration, and has the advantages of fast bow raising and fast off-grid, and can overcome the technical defects existing in the existing pantograph.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a three-degree-of-freedom hybrid pantograph capable of damping vibrations in three directions in space, aiming at the deficiencies of the existing pantograph technology. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions.

A three-degree-of-freedom hybrid pantograph includes a base, a bow head slide plate, a parallel bow raising mechanism and a bow head shock absorber. Wherein, there are supporting insulators on the four corners below the base; the bottom of the parallel bow-raising mechanism is installed on the base; The top of the bow mechanism is used to realize the longitudinal vibration reduction of the pantograph; the bow head slide plate is fixed on the top of the bow head shock absorber through safety screws.

The parallel bow raising mechanism is mainly used to support the bow head shock absorber and the bow head slide plate, and realize the lifting of the bow head slide plate and the function of touching the net and taking off the net. The parallel bow raising mechanism includes a front raising bow branch chain, a rear raising bow branch chain, a quick acting cylinder and a connecting plate. Wherein, the structure of the front lifting bow branch chain and the rear lifting bow branch chain is exactly the same, and they are arranged symmetrically between the base and the connecting plate; the lower end of the front lifting bow branch chain and the base pass through the first rotating pair The upper end of the front ascending bow branch chain is connected with the middle connecting plate through the fourth rotating pair; the lower end of the rear ascending bow branch chain is connected with the base through the fifth rotating pair, and the upper end of the rear ascending bow branch chain is connected with the The connecting plate is connected through the eighth rotating pair; the fast-acting cylinder is located directly below the connecting plate, and is used to realize the rapid lifting of the bow head slide plate and the functions of quickly touching the net and taking off the net. The fast-acting cylinder The front end is connected with the front ascending bow branch chain through the ninth rotating pair, and the rear end of the fast-acting cylinder is connected with the rear ascending bow branch chain through the tenth rotating pair; 1. The top of the rear ascending bow chain is used to connect the front ascending bow chain, the rear ascending bow chain, and install the bow shock absorber, and a square process hole is arranged on the connecting plate.

The front lifting bow branch chain includes a front support ear seat, a front telescopic cylinder, a front synchronous shaft, a front cylinder connecting rod, a front damping spring and a front top connecting rod. Wherein, the number of the front support lugs, the front telescopic cylinder and the front top connecting rod is two, and the number of the front damping springs is four; the front support lugs are fixedly connected with the base by screws ; The lower end of the front telescopic cylinder is connected with the front support ear seat through the first rotating pair, and the upper end of the front telescopic cylinder is connected with the front synchronous shaft through the second rotating pair; the connecting rod of the front cylinder is located at Between the two front telescopic cylinders, and fixedly connected with the front telescopic cylinders; the front damping spring is sleeved on the front synchronous shaft, and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper end of the front telescopic cylinders; the front top connecting rod The lower end is connected with the front synchronous shaft through the third rotating pair, and the upper end of the front top connecting rod is connected with the middle connecting plate through the fourth rotating pair; a front reinforcing steel cable is arranged between the two front top connecting rods.

The rear bow branch chain includes a rear support lug, a rear telescopic cylinder, a rear synchronous shaft, a rear cylinder connecting rod, a rear damping spring and a rear top connecting rod, and the rear support lug, a rear telescopic cylinder and a rear The number of top connecting rods is two, and the number of the rear damping springs is four; the rear support lugs are fixedly connected to the base through screws; the lower end of the rear telescopic cylinder is connected to the rear support lugs through The fifth rotating pair is connected, and the upper end of the rear telescopic cylinder is connected with the rear synchronous shaft through the sixth rotating pair; the connecting rod of the rear cylinder is located between the two rear telescopic cylinders and is fixedly connected with the rear telescopic cylinder ; The rear damping spring is sleeved on the rear synchronous shaft, and is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper end of the rear telescopic cylinder; the lower end of the rear top connecting rod is connected with the rear synchronous shaft through the seventh rotating pair, and the rear top The upper end of the connecting rod is connected with the middle connecting plate through the eighth rotating pair; a rear reinforcing steel cable is arranged between the two rear top connecting rods.

The front end of the fast-acting cylinder is connected with the connecting rod of the front cylinder through the ninth rotating pair, and the rear end of the fast-acting cylinder is connected with the connecting rod of the rear cylinder through the tenth rotating pair.

The front telescopic cylinder and the rear telescopic cylinder adopt two-stage or three-stage telescopic cylinders, which are mainly used to realize the vertical lifting of the parallel bow-raising mechanism and the vibration reduction function in the vertical direction; the fast-acting cylinder adopts a double-acting cylinder , mainly used to realize the quick contact and separation between the bow slide and the catenary.

The axes of the first revolving pair, the second revolving pair, the third revolving pair, the fourth revolving pair, the fifth revolving pair, the sixth revolving pair, the seventh revolving pair and the eighth revolving pair are parallel to each other, the axes of the ninth rotating pair and the tenth rotating pair are parallel to each other, the axes of the front telescopic cylinder and the rear telescopic cylinder are perpendicular to the axis of the first rotating pair, and the axes of the fast acting cylinder are vertical on the axis of the ninth rotating pair.

The bow head shock absorber includes a shock absorber, a shock absorber shaft, a left-handed torsion spring, a right-hand torsion spring, a bow head bracket and an air spring. Wherein, the vibration-damping bearing is fixedly connected with the central connecting plate, and is mainly used to support the vibration-damping shaft, and at the same time, fix and limit the outer ends of the left-handed torsion spring and the right-hand torsion spring; the vibration-damping The two ends of the shaft are fixedly installed in the damping support; the bow bracket is used to support the bow slide, the lower end of the bow bracket is sleeved on the vibration damping shaft, and the upper end of the bow bracket is connected to the bow slide Connected by safety screws; the left-handed torsion spring and the right-handed torsion spring are set on the damping shaft, and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bow head bracket, which is used to adjust the bow head slide plate and the bow head bracket around the vibration damping shaft. The forward and backward swing plays the role of damping and buffering; the gas spring is located between the front and rear bow brackets, and is connected with the bow bracket through a hinge. The front and rear swing of the vibrating shaft plays the role of damping and buffering, and also plays the role of linkage constraint on the movement of the front and rear bow head slides.

The safety screw includes a screw head, a polished rod section and a threaded section. Wherein, the polished rod section is located between the screw head and the threaded section, and a safety groove is provided on the polished rod section, and the safety groove is located in the middle and upper part of the polished rod section, and is close to the screw head. When the motion resistance between the bow head slide plate and the catenary exceeds the set safety value, the safety screw breaks from the safety slot to protect the pantograph body and the catenary to avoid major safety accidents.

The parallel bow-raising mechanism adopts a {2RPRPRR-RPR} structure, which has two degrees of freedom in translation and one rotation in total. The parallel bow raising mechanism and the bow shock absorber together constitute a hybrid mechanism with the structure {2RPRPRR-RPR}-R, that is, a revolving pair R is connected in series on the basis of the parallel mechanism {2RPRPRR-RPR}. Among them, the structure of the front ascending bow branch chain and the rear ascending bow branch chain is {2RPRPRR}, while the front cylinder connecting rod, the fast acting cylinder and the rear cylinder connecting rod constitute the middle branch chain of {RPR} structure; the bow head damping The device constitutes a revolving pair {R}, the symbol R represents the revolving pair, and the symbol P represents the moving pair. Since the revolving pair formed by the bow shock absorber and the parallel bow raising mechanism {2RPRPRR-RPR} have the same rotational degree of freedom, the {2RPRPRR-RPR} mechanism after the hybrid connection is still a two-translation-rotation three-degree-of-freedom mechanism , can produce three degrees of freedom of movement in the vertical direction, the movement parallel to the axial direction of the vibration-damping shaft, and the rotation around the axial direction of the vibration-damping shaft.

The invention is placed on the top of the electric vehicle or locomotive, and its working process is: after the vehicle enters the station, the front telescopic cylinder and the rear telescopic cylinder in the parallel bow raising mechanism are synchronously elongated, driving the center connecting plate and the The bow head slide plate rises, and when the bow head slide plate approaches the grid height, the front telescopic cylinder and the rear telescopic cylinder stop extending. Then, the quick-action cylinder shortens, and then drives the intermediate connecting plate to rise to realize the second rapid rise of the bow slide, so that the bow slide can effectively contact with the power grid and reach the set pre-tightening force to complete the task of touching the grid. When it is necessary to perform the pantograph-catenary separation task, start the fast-acting cylinder first, so that the fast-acting cylinder is extended, and the bow head slide plate is quickly separated from the power grid. Then, the front telescopic cylinder and the rear telescopic cylinder in the parallel bow raising mechanism are driven to shorten synchronously, the height of the pantograph is reduced, and the pantograph completes one operation.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that, compared with the existing technology, the present invention adopts the parallel bow raising mechanism and the bow shock absorber of the {2RPRPRR-RPR}-R hybrid structure to replace the connecting rod of the traditional pantograph series structure Type lifting mechanism, so that the bow head has three degrees of freedom of movement in space: two translations and one rotation. It mainly realizes the lifting, bearing and vibration reduction functions of the bow head in the vertical direction. The three degrees of freedom in the longitudinal direction and the rotation around the vibration damping axis provide effective vibration reduction; the setting of safety screws can also avoid safety accidents such as bow removal and scraping, and improve the structural stability of the pantograph and the protection of the catenary. Adaptability, also has the advantages of stable and reliable work, convenient operation and maintenance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the parallel bow raising mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the mechanism principle of the parallel bow raising mechanism of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of bow shock absorber of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the safety screw of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and illustrations.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 , a three-degree-of-freedom hybrid pantograph includes a base 1 , a parallel bow raising mechanism 2 , a bow head shock absorber 3 and a bow head slide plate 4 . Wherein, the four corners below the base 1 are provided with support insulators 11; the bottom of the parallel bow raising mechanism 2 is installed on the base 1; the bow shock absorbers 3 have four groups, and It is symmetrically fixed on the top of the parallel bow raising mechanism 2 to realize the longitudinal vibration reduction of the pantograph; the bow head slide plate 4 is fixed on the top of the bow head shock absorber 3 through safety screws 5 .

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the parallel bow raising mechanism 2 is mainly used to support the bow head shock absorber 3 and the bow head slide plate 4, and realize the lifting of the bow head slide plate 4 and touch the net and take off the net Function. The parallel bow raising mechanism 2 includes a front raising bow branch chain 21 , a rear raising bow branch chain 22 , a quick acting cylinder 23 and a connecting plate 24 . Wherein, the structures of the front lifting bow branch chain 21 and the rear lifting bow branch chain 22 are exactly the same, and they are arranged symmetrically between the base 1 and the connecting plate 24; 1 is connected through the first rotation pair 210, the upper end of the front lifting bow branch chain 21 is connected with the central connecting plate 24 through the fourth rotation pair 219; the lower end of the rear lifting bow branch chain 22 is connected with the base 1 through the fifth rotation The pair 220 is connected, and the upper end of the rear bow branch chain 22 is connected with the middle connecting plate 24 through the eighth rotating pair 229; the fast-acting cylinder 23 is located directly below the middle connecting plate 24, and is used to realize the bow head slide 4 The fast lifting and fast touching and off-netting functions, the front end of the fast acting cylinder 23 is connected with the front lifting bow branch chain 21 through the ninth rotating pair 231, the rear end of the fast acting cylinder 23 is connected with the rear lifting The bow branch chain 22 is connected through the tenth rotation pair 232; the said connecting plate 24 is located at the top of the front lifting bow branch chain 21 and the rear lifting bow branch chain 22, and is used to connect the front lifting bow branch chain 21 and the rear lifting bow branch chain. The branch chain 22 and the bow shock absorber 3 are installed, and a square process hole 241 is provided on the connecting plate 24 .

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the front lifting bow branch chain 21 includes a front support ear seat 211, a front telescopic cylinder 212, a front synchronous shaft 213, a front cylinder connecting rod 214, a front damping spring 215 and Front top link 216. Wherein, the number of the front support ear seat 211, the front telescopic cylinder 212 and the front top connecting rod 216 is two, and the number of the front damping spring 215 is four; the front support ear seat 211 is screwed It is fixedly connected with the base 1; the lower end of the front telescopic cylinder 212 is connected with the front support lug 211 through the first rotating pair 210, and the upper end of the front telescopic cylinder 212 is connected with the front synchronous shaft 213 through the second rotating pair 217; the front cylinder connecting rod 214 is located between the two front telescopic cylinders 212, and is fixedly connected with the front telescopic cylinder 212; the front damping spring 215 is sleeved on the front synchronous shaft 213, and arranged symmetrically On both sides of the upper end of the front telescopic cylinder 212; the lower end of the front top connecting rod 216 is connected with the front synchronous shaft 213 through the third rotating pair 218, and the upper end of the front top connecting rod 216 is connected with the middle connecting plate 24 through the fourth rotation Auxiliary 219 is connected; Between two front top connecting rods 216, be provided with front reinforcement cable 2161.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the described back-rising bow branch chain 22 includes a rear support lug seat 221, a rear telescopic cylinder 222, a rear synchronous shaft 223, a rear cylinder connecting rod 224, a rear damping spring 225 and The rear top link 226, the number of the rear support lugs 221, the rear telescopic cylinder 222 and the rear top link 226 are two, and the number of the rear damping springs 225 is four; the rear support ears The seat 221 is fixedly connected with the base 1 through screws; the lower end of the rear telescopic cylinder 222 is connected with the rear support ear seat 221 through the fifth rotating pair 220, and the upper end of the rear telescopic cylinder 222 is connected with the rear synchronous shaft 223 through The sixth rotating pair 227 is connected; the rear cylinder connecting rod 224 is located between the two rear telescopic cylinders 222, and is fixedly connected with the rear telescopic cylinders 222; the rear damping spring 225 is sleeved on the rear synchronous shaft 223 , and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper end of the rear telescopic cylinder 222; the lower end of the rear top connecting rod 226 is connected to the rear synchronous shaft 223 through the seventh rotating pair 228, and the upper end of the rear top connecting rod 226 is connected to the middle connecting plate 24 They are connected through the eighth rotating pair 229; a rear reinforcing steel cable 2261 is provided between the two rear top connecting rods 226.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the front end of the fast acting cylinder 23 is connected with the front cylinder connecting rod 214 through the ninth rotating pair 231, and the rear end of the fast acting cylinder 23 is connected with the rear cylinder connecting rod 224 through The tenth rotary pair 232 is connected.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the front telescopic cylinder 212 and the rear telescopic cylinder 222 adopt two-stage or three-stage telescopic cylinders, which are mainly used to realize the vertical lifting of the parallel bow raising mechanism 2 and the damping function; the fast-acting cylinder 23 adopts a double-acting cylinder, which is mainly used to realize the rapid contact and separation between the bow slide 4 and the catenary.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the first revolving pair 210, the second revolving pair 217, the third revolving pair 218, the fourth revolving pair 219, the fifth revolving pair in the parallel bow raising mechanism 2 220, the axes of the sixth rotation pair 227, the seventh rotation pair 228, and the eighth rotation pair 229 are all parallel, the axes of the ninth rotation pair 231 and the tenth rotation pair 232 are parallel to each other, and the front telescopic cylinder 212 1. The axis of the rear telescopic cylinder 222 is perpendicular to the axis of the first rotating pair 210 , and the axis of the fast acting cylinder 23 is perpendicular to the axis of the ninth rotating pair 231 .

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 , the bow shock absorber 3 includes a shock absorber 31 , a shock absorber shaft 32 , a left-handed torsion spring 33 , a right-hand torsion spring 34 , a bow head bracket 35 and an air spring 36 . Wherein, the damping support 31 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 24, and is mainly used to support the damping shaft 32, and simultaneously fix and limit the outer ends of the left-handed torsion spring 33 and the right-hand torsion spring 34; Both ends of the damping shaft 32 are fixedly installed in the damping support 31; the bow bracket 35 is used to support the bow slide 4, and the lower end of the bow bracket 35 is sleeved on the vibration damping shaft 32 Above, the upper end of the bow head bracket 35 is connected with the bow head slide plate 4 through the safety screw 5; the left-handed torsion spring 33 and the right-hand torsion spring 34 are set on the damping shaft 32, and are symmetrically arranged on the bow head bracket 35. Both sides are used for damping and buffering the front and rear swings of the bow slide 4 and the bow bracket 35 around the damping shaft 32; the gas spring 36 is located between the front and rear bow brackets 35, The bracket 35 is connected by a hinge, and the gas spring 36 is used for damping and buffering the front and rear swings of the bow slide 4 and the bow bracket 35 around the damping shaft 32, and also for the movement of the two bow slides 4 before and after. Act as a linkage constraint.

As shown in FIG. 5 , the safety screw 5 includes a screw head 51 , a polished rod section 52 and a threaded section 54 . Wherein, the polished rod section 52 is located between the screw head 51 and the threaded section 54 , and a safety groove 53 is provided on the polished rod section 52 , and the safety groove 53 is located in the middle and upper part of the polished rod section 52 and is close to the screw head 51 . When the movement resistance between the bow slide 4 and the catenary exceeds the set safety value, the safety screw 5 breaks from the safety slot 53 to protect the pantograph body and the catenary to avoid major safety accidents.

The parallel bow raising mechanism 2 adopts {2RPRPRR-RPR} structure, which has three degrees of freedom in total of two translations and one rotation. The parallel bow raising mechanism 2 and the bow shock absorber 3 constitute a hybrid mechanism with the structure {2RPRPRR-RPR}-R, that is, a revolving pair R is connected in series on the basis of the parallel mechanism {2RPRPRR-RPR}. Among them, the structure of the front ascending bow branch chain 21 and the rear ascending bow branch chain 22 is {2RPRPRR}, while the front cylinder connecting rod 214, the fast acting cylinder 23 and the rear cylinder connecting rod 224 constitute the middle branch chain of {RPR} structure ; The bow shock absorber 3 constitutes a revolving pair {R}, the symbol R represents the revolving pair, and the symbol P represents the moving pair. Since the rotation produced by the revolving pair formed by the bow shock absorber 3 and the parallel bow raising mechanism 2 with the structure {2RPRPRR-RPR} has the same rotational degree of freedom, the {2RPRPRR-RPR} mechanism after the hybrid connection is still two translations and one The rotation of the three-degree-of-freedom mechanism can produce three degrees of freedom in total: vertical movement, movement parallel to the axial direction of the vibration-damping shaft 32 , and rotation around the axial direction of the vibration-damping shaft 32 .

The present invention is placed on the top of the electric motor vehicle or locomotive, and its working process is: after the vehicle enters the station, the front telescopic cylinder 212 and the rear telescopic cylinder 222 in the parallel bow raising mechanism 2 are synchronously elongated, driving the middle connecting plate 24 and installing in the middle The bow head slide plate 4 above the connecting plate 24 rises, and when the bow head slide plate 4 approaches the grid height, the front telescopic cylinder 212 and the rear telescopic cylinder 222 stop elongation. Then, the fast-acting cylinder 23 shortens, and then drives the intermediate connecting plate 24 to rise, so as to realize the secondary rapid rise of the bow slide 4, so that the bow slide 4 can effectively contact with the power grid and reach the set pre-tightening force, and complete the task of touching the grid. When the pantograph-catenary separation task needs to be performed, the fast-acting cylinder 23 is started first, so that the fast-acting cylinder 23 is extended, and the bow slide 4 is quickly separated from the power grid. Then, the front telescopic cylinder 212 and the rear telescopic cylinder 222 in the parallel bow lifting mechanism 2 are driven to shorten synchronously, the height of the pantograph is reduced, and the pantograph completes one operation.

The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. What are described in the above-mentioned embodiments and the description only illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have Various changes and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (3)

1. a Three-freedom-degree hybrid formula pantograph, comprises base and bow slide plate, it is characterized in that: also comprise rising bow mechanism in parallel and bow shock absorber, and four angles below described base are provided with supporting insulator; The bottom of described rising bow mechanism in parallel is arranged on base; Described bow shock absorber has four groups, and symmetry is fixed on the top of rising bow mechanism in parallel; Described bow slide plate is fixed on the top of bow shock absorber by safety screw;

Described rising bow mechanism in parallel comprises front rising bow side chain, rear rising bow side chain, snap action cylinder and middle connecting plate, and described front rising bow side chain, the structure of rear rising bow side chain are identical, and are arranged symmetrically between base and middle connecting plate; The lower end of described front rising bow side chain is connected by the first revolute pair with base, and the upper end of front rising bow side chain is connected by the 4th revolute pair with middle connecting plate; The lower end of described rear rising bow side chain is connected by the 5th revolute pair with base, and the upper end of rear rising bow side chain is connected by the 8th revolute pair with middle connecting plate; Described snap action cylinder is arranged in immediately below connecting plate, and the front end of described snap action cylinder is connected by the 9th revolute pair with front rising bow side chain, and the rear end of described snap action cylinder is connected by the tenth revolute pair with rear rising bow side chain; Described middle connecting plate is positioned at the top of front rising bow side chain, rear rising bow side chain, and connecting plate is provided with square auxiliary hole in described;

Described front rising bow side chain comprises front support ear seat, front stretching cylinder, preamble axle, front air cylinder connecting rod, front damper spring and sinciput connecting rod, the quantity of described front support ear seat, front stretching cylinder and sinciput connecting rod is two, and the quantity of described front damper spring is four; Described front support ear seat is connected mutually by screw and base; The lower end of described front stretching cylinder is connected by the first revolute pair with front support ear seat, and the upper end of described front stretching cylinder is connected by the second revolute pair with preamble axle; Described front air cylinder connecting rod between two front stretching cylinders, and is connected with front stretching cylinder; Described front damper spring is enclosed within preamble axle, and is arranged symmetrically in the both sides, upper end of front stretching cylinder; The lower end of described sinciput connecting rod is connected by the 3rd revolute pair with preamble axle, and the upper end of sinciput connecting rod is connected by the 4th revolute pair with middle connecting plate; Cable wire is strengthened before being provided with between two sinciput connecting rods;

Described rear rising bow side chain comprises rear support ear seat, rear telescopic cylinder, rear synchronizing shaft, exhaust hood connecting rod, rear damper spring and rear top connecting rod, the quantity of described rear support ear seat, rear telescopic cylinder and rear top connecting rod is two, and the quantity of described rear damper spring is four; Described rear support ear seat is connected mutually by screw and base; The lower end of described rear telescopic cylinder is connected by the 5th revolute pair with rear support ear seat, and the upper end of described rear telescopic cylinder is connected by the 6th revolute pair with rear synchronizing shaft; Described exhaust hood connecting rod after two between telescopic cylinder, and is connected with rear telescopic cylinder; Described rear damper spring is enclosed within rear synchronizing shaft, and is arranged symmetrically in the both sides, upper end of rear telescopic cylinder; The lower end of described rear top connecting rod is connected by the 7th revolute pair with rear synchronizing shaft, and the upper end of rear top connecting rod is connected by the 8th revolute pair with middle connecting plate; Push up after two after being provided with between connecting rod and strengthen cable wire;

The front end of described snap action cylinder is connected by the 9th revolute pair with front air cylinder connecting rod, and the rear end of snap action cylinder is connected by the tenth revolute pair with exhaust hood connecting rod;

Described front stretching cylinder, rear telescopic cylinder adopt two-stage or three grades of telescopic cylinders; Described snap action cylinder adopts double-acting cylinder.

2. Three-freedom-degree hybrid formula pantograph according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described bow shock absorber comprises vibration damping holder, vibration damping axle, left-handed torsion spring, dextrorotation torsion spring, arch head bracket and gas spring, and described vibration damping holder is connected mutually with middle connecting plate; The two ends of described vibration damping axle are fixedly mounted in vibration damping holder; The lower end of described arch head bracket is enclosed within vibration damping axle, and the upper end of arch head bracket is connected by safety screw with bow slide plate; Described left-handed torsion spring, dextrorotation torsion spring set are contained on vibration damping axle, and are arranged symmetrically in the both sides of arch head bracket; Described gas spring between former and later two arch head brackets, and is connected by hinge with arch head bracket.

3. Three-freedom-degree hybrid formula pantograph according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the axis of the first revolute pair in described rising bow mechanism in parallel, the second revolute pair, the 3rd revolute pair, the 4th revolute pair, the 5th revolute pair, the 6th revolute pair, the 7th revolute pair, the 8th revolute pair is all parallel, the 9th described revolute pair, the axis of the tenth revolute pair are parallel to each other, described front stretching cylinder, the axes normal of rear telescopic cylinder are in the axis of the first revolute pair, and the axes normal of described snap action cylinder is in the axis of the 9th revolute pair.