CN105118360B - Modern power electronic technology experiment platform and experiment method - Google Patents
Modern power electronic technology experiment platform and experiment method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a modern power electronic technology experiment platform, which comprises a public system platform, a direct current chopping and soft switching circuit, a single-ended forward/flyback and single-phase APFC rectification circuit, a single three-phase controllable rectification circuit, a single three-phase inversion and variable frequency motor control circuit and an upper computer, wherein the single-ended forward/flyback and single-phase APFC rectification circuit is connected with the public system platform; the public system platform consists of a three-phase alternating current power supply, a load, an alternating current and direct current instrument and a low-voltage direct current power supply. The method adopts a means based on a model design technology, and replaces a C language programming mode with a Simulink graphical programming method. The modularized hardware unit and the software module are convenient for students to understand the principle and the process of the experiment, and can also enable the students to develop an exploratory experiment for researching advanced control strategies.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical fields of modern power electronic technology, DSP control technology, model design technology and virtual instruments, and relates to an experiment teaching platform of the modern power electronic technology and a numerical control experiment method, which are suitable for research-type power electronic experiment requirements of senior students, researchers and the like in colleges and universities.
Background
The power electronic technology is a discipline for controlling and converting electric energy by using power electronic devices, and is a cross discipline among the technical fields of power, electronics and control electrical engineering. Power semiconductor devices, represented by power MOSFETs and IGBTs, which have been developed in the late eighties and early nineties of the last century, and which integrate high frequency, high voltage, and large current, indicate that power electronics technology has entered the modern power electronics era. At present, the electric energy accounts for about 40% of all energy sources, 40% of the electric energy sources are converted by power electronic equipment, and it is expected that 80% of the electric energy sources are converted by the power electronic equipment after ten years, so that the modern power electronic technology plays a greater role in the 21 st century.
In the traditional power electronic technology course, a silicon controlled rectifier is used as a power conversion device, and along with the development and application popularization of MOSFET and IGBT devices, the content of the power electronic technology course is changed. In particular, in recent years, a great amount of teaching contents of modern power electronic technology are added in various institutions, and the importance of the power electronic technology is increasing because some institutions set the modern power electronic technology as a professional main course in a student teaching plan.
Compared with the development of power electronic technology teaching courses, the content of power electronic technology experimental teaching is relatively lagged. At present, the content of experiment teaching of the department of university basically accounts for a large proportion of silicon controlled rectifier experiments, and the experiment content of modern power electronic technology mainly comprises split elements and application-specific integrated circuits.
Modern power electronic technology mainly comprises a rectification circuit, a direct current chopper circuit, an inverter circuit and an alternating current voltage regulation and frequency conversion circuit, wherein the control mode mainly adopts Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), and the frequency of the PWM is usually more than dozens of kilohertz.
Due to the complexity of power electronics, conventional controllers (e.g., discrete components or application specific integrated circuits) often do not achieve the desired control. When a microprocessor is used for control, a high demand is placed on the response speed of the microprocessor due to the rapidity of the power electronic circuit.
At present, in the existing modern power electronic technology experiment devices in colleges and universities, an experiment circuit which adopts a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) as a controller is provided. The control algorithm is developed by a manufacturer of an experimental device and is directly solidified in the processor, students can only observe the control effect of the algorithm, the control algorithm cannot be manually designed and experimental verification is carried out through an actual system, the controller is equivalent to a black box for the students, difficulty is brought to the understanding of the students, and the cultivation and the improvement of the innovation capability of the students are not facilitated.
A power electronic control system experimental device based on a semi-physical simulation technology is developed in colleges and universities, a multifunctional data acquisition card is used as an AD/DA interface, PWM waveforms are generated by a KA3525 integrated circuit to control the on-off of a power device, a control algorithm is opened for students, and the students can design the control algorithm and verify the control effect. Because only one path of PWM waveform can be generated, the requirements of most modern power electronic experiments cannot be met; due to the circuit structure, PWM waveforms synchronous with external signals and multiple paths of PWM waveforms synchronous in time sequence cannot be generated, and the method has great limitation on modern power electronic technology experiments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a full-digital modern power electronic technology experiment platform and an experiment method, which can cover all typical experiment contents in the aspects of a rectification circuit, a direct-current chopper circuit, an inverter circuit, an alternating-current voltage regulation circuit and a frequency conversion circuit of a modern power electronic technology course, and can meet the experiment teaching requirements of modern power electronic technology courses of the university department or research students. The invention takes full digital control as an experimental means, adopts an experimental method based on model design to enable students to intuitively know a control algorithm and various signal change processes, and adopts a digital signal processor TMS320F2812 as a controller to meet the requirements of quick response of modern power electronic circuits and the synchronous coordination of multiple paths of PWM signals.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a modern power electronic technology experiment platform comprises a public system platform, a direct current chopping and soft switching circuit, a single-ended forward/flyback and single-phase APFC rectifying circuit, a single three-phase controllable rectifying circuit, a single three-phase inversion and variable frequency motor control circuit and an upper computer;
the public system platform consists of a three-phase alternating current power supply, a load, an alternating current and direct current instrument and a low-voltage direct current power supply;
the direct-current chopping and soft switching circuit, the single-end forward/flyback and single-phase APFC rectifying circuit, the single-three-phase controllable rectifying circuit and the single-three-phase inversion and variable frequency motor control circuit respectively comprise a DSP core board TMS320F2812 and corresponding experimental circuits, each experimental circuit is connected with a common system platform, the output of each experimental circuit is connected with a data acquisition circuit through a voltage and current signal isolation circuit, and after the signal of the data acquisition circuit is processed by the core board, a control signal is sequentially input into the experimental circuit through a PWM signal output circuit and a PWM signal isolation driving circuit; each DSP core board is connected with an upper computer through a communication module.
The TMS320F2812 core board is a DSP core board, and the TMS320F2812 core board comprises a TMS320F2812 processor, a JTAG interface, an RAM chip, a switching value input/output interface, an analog value input interface, a PWM signal output interface, a 232 communication interface, a 485 communication interface and a USB communication interface.
Preferably, single three-phase contravariant and inverter motor control circuit's experimental circuit include rectifier circuit, controllable full-bridge inverter circuit, load inductance and voltage current detection circuit, rectifier circuit's input is connected with the three-phase alternating current power supply of public system platform, rectifier circuit's output and controllable full-bridge inverter circuit are connected, PWM signal keeps apart drive circuit and connects controllable full-bridge inverter circuit, voltage current detection circuit is connected with controllable full-bridge inverter circuit and voltage current signal isolation circuit respectively.
Preferably, the dc chopper and soft switching circuit includes:
the system protection module is used for realizing overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, undervoltage protection, overload protection and dead zone protection, so that the system works more safely and stably;
the direct current chopping control module is used for detecting voltage and current and generating a control signal switching waveform;
the soft switch control module is used for measuring voltage and current through the AD converter, analyzing the detection signal to calculate the initial position and width of the current control pulse width, and realizing closed-loop regulation of output voltage by utilizing a PID algorithm;
the voltage and current detection module is used for triggering and interrupting sampling of a detected signal by adopting a timer, calculating current voltage, current and real-time power data, and filtering an interference signal by a first-order inertia filter to obtain a stable measured value;
the USB communication module enables data interaction between the core board and the upper computer in a high-speed interrupt mode;
and the human-computer interface module is used for selecting functions, downloading control commands, displaying voltage, current and power data, acquiring real-time waveforms, and storing, recovering and analyzing the data.
Preferably, the single-ended forward/flyback and single-phase APFC rectifier circuit includes:
the system protection module is used for realizing overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection, overcurrent protection, dead zone time delay, soft start and overload protection;
the single-end forward/flyback module starts the soft start module according to a given voltage value, detects a feedback value of the current voltage, controls the current voltage by the PID controller to realize closed-loop voltage control, and simultaneously limits the maximum output current of the system by adopting current cut-off negative feedback to prevent the system from being damaged by overload;
the APFC rectification module is used for judging by detecting the output current of the current rectification circuit and the phase of a system power supply, and switching on the duty ratio of a rectification power tube to enable the rectification current of the system to be close to a sine value, so that the power factor of the rectification circuit is improved, and the function of a green power supply is realized;
the data acquisition module is used for triggering and interrupting sampling of a measured signal by adopting a timer, calculating current voltage and current data, and filtering an interference signal by a first-order inertia filter to obtain a stable measured value;
the USB communication module enables data interaction between the core board and the upper computer in a high-speed interrupt mode;
and the human-computer interface module is used for selecting functions, downloading control commands, displaying data such as voltage, current and power, acquiring waveforms in real time, and storing, recovering and analyzing the data.
Preferably, the single three-phase controllable rectifying circuit comprises:
the system protection module is used for realizing overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, undervoltage protection, overload protection and dead zone protection, so that the system works more safely and stably;
the single-phase controllable rectification module determines the starting time of a control pulse by detecting the phase of a single-phase alternating current power supply, determines the width of the pulse by comparing a given signal with a detection voltage, and controls the size of a rectification voltage;
the three-phase controllable rectification module determines the starting time of a control pulse by detecting the phase of a three-phase alternating current power supply, determines the width of the pulse by comparing a given signal with a detection voltage, and controls the size of the rectification voltage;
the voltage and current detection module is used for triggering and interrupting the sampling of a detected signal by adopting a timer and calculating the current voltage, current and real-time power data; filtering an interference signal through a first-order inertia filter to obtain a stable measured value;
the USB communication module enables data interaction between the core board and the upper computer in a high-speed interrupt mode;
and the human-computer interface module is used for selecting functions, downloading control commands, displaying data such as voltage, current and power, acquiring waveforms in real time, and storing, recovering and analyzing the data.
Preferably, the single three-phase inverter and inverter motor control circuit includes:
the system protection module is used for realizing over-speed protection, under-voltage protection, overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection and dead zone protection, so that the system works more safely and stably;
the single three-phase inversion module generates single three-phase SPWM inversion control signals through the EVA module, respectively drives four and six IGBT power tubes, and simultaneously realizes stable control of voltage through the PID control module;
the alternating current motor control module downloads a control algorithm of alternating current motors SPWM, SVPWM, space vector and magnetic field orientation to the DSP core board, realizes the formation of SPWM control signals through an EVA module of the DSP, and achieves the rotation speed regulation of the asynchronous motor in a double-closed-loop mode;
and the direct current motor control module realizes the measurement of voltage, current and rotating speed through the AD converter, analyzes the detection signal to calculate the initial position and the width of the current control pulse width, and realizes the self-adaptive regulation of the PID parameters of the rotating speed and the current by utilizing a neural network PID algorithm.
The USB communication module enables data interaction between the core board and the upper computer in a high-speed interrupt mode;
and the human-computer interface module is used for selecting functions, downloading control commands, displaying data such as voltage, current and rotating speed, displaying sinusoidal voltage and current signals of the SPWM waveform and the motor in real time, and storing, recovering and printing the data.
A modern power electronic technology experiment method comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of writing control software of a DSP core board TMS320F2812 through graphical programming software in an MATLAB/Simulink software environment, wherein the control software comprises a control algorithm, an input and output interface program, a monitoring interface program and the like, and the control software is a Simulink system model with a clear structure and definite functions of all modules;
(2) compiling a Simulink model into a CCS project through an automatic code generation tool under Simulink, and converting a control program into a C code program;
(3) compiling the C code program in a CCS environment to generate an HEX file, and downloading the HEX file to a DSP core board TMS320F 2812;
(4) a direct-current chopping and soft switching circuit, a single-end forward/flyback and single-phase APFC rectifying circuit, a single three-phase controllable rectifying circuit, a single three-phase inversion and variable frequency motor control circuit are constructed by adopting a DSP core board, and a public system platform and an upper computer are combined to carry out power electronic technology experiments.
Aiming at the defects of the existing power electronic technology experimental equipment, the invention provides a set of complete digital modern power electronic technology experimental platform and experimental method, and a C language programming mode is replaced by a Simulink graphical programming method by adopting a model design technology-based means. The modularized hardware unit and the software module are convenient for students to understand the principle and the process of the experiment, and can also enable the students to develop an exploratory experiment for researching advanced control strategies. The method is suitable for relevant experiments and course design of modern power electronic technology courses of the students and researchers in the colleges and universities, and can also be used for scheme verification, prototype development and control strategy optimization of modern power electronic circuits in the colleges and universities and research institutes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural layout diagram of a modern power electronic technology experiment table of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental principle of a modern power electronic technology of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a voltage-current signal isolation circuit according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a PWM signal isolation circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is Simulink model software of a soft switching experiment control program according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is the Simulink model software of the single-phase APFC experimental control program of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is Simulink model software of a single-phase controllable rectification experimental control program according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is Simulink model software of a three-phase controllable rectification experimental control program according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is Simulink model software of a single-phase inversion experiment control program according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is Simulink model software of a three-phase inversion experiment control program according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a Simulink model software of a variable frequency motor control experiment control program according to the present invention;
fig. 12 is Simulink model software of an experimental control program of a dc brushless motor according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a modern power electronic technology experimental platform comprises a public system platform, a direct current chopping and soft switching circuit, a single-ended forward/flyback and single-phase APFC rectifier circuit, a single three-phase controllable rectifier circuit, a single three-phase inversion and variable frequency motor control circuit and an upper computer;
the public system platform consists of a three-phase alternating current power supply, a load, an alternating current and direct current instrument and a low-voltage direct current power supply;
the direct-current chopping and soft switching circuit, the single-end forward/flyback and single-phase APFC rectifying circuit, the single-three-phase controllable rectifying circuit and the single-three-phase inversion and variable frequency motor control circuit respectively comprise a DSP core board TMS320F2812 and corresponding experimental circuits, each experimental circuit is connected with a common system platform, the output of each experimental circuit is connected with a data acquisition circuit through a voltage and current signal isolation circuit, and after the signal of the data acquisition circuit is processed by the core board, a control signal is sequentially input into the experimental circuit through a PWM signal output circuit and a PWM signal isolation driving circuit; each DSP core board is connected with an upper computer through a communication module.
In fig. 1, the devices/circuits of the present invention are placed on a laboratory table in sequence to facilitate the operation of the experiment.
The experimental circuit of single three-phase contravariant and inverter motor control circuit include rectifier circuit, controllable full-bridge inverter circuit, load inductance and voltage current detection circuit, rectifier circuit's input is connected with the three-phase alternating current power supply of public system platform, rectifier circuit's output and controllable full-bridge inverter circuit are connected, PWM signal keeps apart drive circuit and connects controllable full-bridge inverter circuit, voltage current detection circuit is connected with controllable full-bridge inverter circuit and voltage current signal isolation circuit respectively. A three-phase alternating current power supply of the public system platform is rectified into a high-voltage direct current power supply through a rectifying circuit and used as the power supply input of a controllable full-bridge inverter circuit (IPM). The DSP control system composed of the TMS320F2812 core board outputs 6 paths of PWM signals, and the PWM signals are used as control signals of a controllable full-bridge inverter circuit (IPM) after being isolated by a PWM signal driving circuit. The pulse width modulation voltage output by the controllable full-bridge inverter circuit is filtered by the load inductance LC circuit, and then the output voltage and the frequency of the alternating current power supply can be adjusted. Meanwhile, the voltage and the current of the direct current side in the system and the voltage and the current of the inverted alternating current power supply are received by the data acquisition circuit after passing through the voltage and current detection circuit and the voltage and current signal isolation circuit.
The DC chopper and soft switching circuit comprises:
the system protection module is used for realizing overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, undervoltage protection, overload protection and dead zone protection, so that the system works more safely and stably;
the direct current chopping control module is used for detecting voltage and current and generating a control signal switching waveform;
the soft switch control module is used for measuring voltage and current through the AD converter, analyzing the detection signal to calculate the initial position and width of the current control pulse width, and realizing closed-loop regulation of output voltage by utilizing a PID algorithm;
the voltage and current detection module is used for triggering and interrupting sampling of a detected signal by adopting a timer, calculating current voltage, current and real-time power data, and filtering an interference signal by a first-order inertia filter to obtain a stable measured value;
the USB communication module enables data interaction between the core board and the upper computer in a high-speed interrupt mode;
and the human-computer interface module is used for selecting functions, downloading control commands, displaying voltage, current and power data, acquiring real-time waveforms, and storing, recovering and analyzing the data.
The single-ended forward/flyback and single-phase APFC rectifying circuit comprises:
the system protection module is used for realizing overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection, overcurrent protection, dead zone time delay, soft start and overload protection;
the single-end forward/flyback module starts the soft start module according to a given voltage value, detects a feedback value of the current voltage, controls the current voltage by the PID controller to realize closed-loop voltage control, and simultaneously limits the maximum output current of the system by adopting current cut-off negative feedback to prevent the system from being damaged by overload;
the APFC rectification module is used for judging by detecting the output current of the current rectification circuit and the phase of a system power supply, and switching on the duty ratio of a rectification power tube to enable the rectification current of the system to be close to a sine value, so that the power factor of the rectification circuit is improved, and the function of a green power supply is realized;
the data acquisition module is used for triggering and interrupting sampling of a measured signal by adopting a timer, calculating current voltage and current data, and filtering an interference signal by a first-order inertia filter to obtain a stable measured value;
the USB communication module enables data interaction between the core board and the upper computer in a high-speed interrupt mode;
and the human-computer interface module is used for selecting functions, downloading control commands, displaying data such as voltage, current and power, acquiring waveforms in real time, and storing, recovering and analyzing the data.
The single three-phase controllable rectifying circuit comprises:
the system protection module is used for realizing overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, undervoltage protection, overload protection and dead zone protection, so that the system works more safely and stably;
the single-phase controllable rectification module determines the starting moment of the control pulse by detecting the phase of the single-phase alternating current power supply, determines the width of the pulse by comparing a given signal with the detected voltage, and controls the size of the rectified voltage.
And the three-phase controllable rectifying module determines the starting moment of the control pulse by detecting the phase of the three-phase alternating-current power supply, determines the width of the pulse by comparing a given signal with the detected voltage, and controls the magnitude of the rectified voltage.
The voltage and current detection module is used for triggering and interrupting the sampling of a detected signal by adopting a timer and calculating the current voltage, current and real-time power data; and filtering the interference signal by a first-order inertia filter to obtain a stable measured value.
The USB communication module enables data interaction between the core board and the upper computer in a high-speed interrupt mode;
and the human-computer interface module is used for selecting functions, downloading control commands, displaying data such as voltage, current and power, acquiring waveforms in real time, and storing, recovering and analyzing the data.
The single three-phase inversion and variable frequency motor control circuit comprises:
the system protection module is used for realizing over-speed protection, under-voltage protection, overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection and dead zone protection, so that the system works more safely and stably;
the single three-phase inversion module generates single three-phase SPWM inversion control signals through the EVA module, respectively drives four and six IGBT power tubes, and simultaneously realizes stable control of voltage through the PID control module;
the alternating current motor control module downloads a control algorithm of alternating current motors SPWM, SVPWM, space vector and magnetic field orientation to the DSP core board, realizes the formation of SPWM control signals through an EVA module of the DSP, and achieves the rotation speed regulation of the asynchronous motor in a double-closed-loop mode;
and the direct current motor control module realizes the measurement of voltage, current and rotating speed through the AD converter, analyzes the detection signal to calculate the initial position and the width of the current control pulse width, and realizes the self-adaptive regulation of the PID parameters of the rotating speed and the current by utilizing a neural network PID algorithm.
The USB communication module enables data interaction between the core board and the upper computer in a high-speed interrupt mode;
and the human-computer interface module is used for selecting functions, downloading control commands, displaying data such as voltage, current and rotating speed, displaying sinusoidal voltage and current signals of the SPWM waveform and the motor in real time, and storing, recovering and printing the data.
A modern power electronic technology experiment method comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of writing control software of a DSP core board TMS320F2812 through graphical programming software in an MATLAB/Simulink software environment, wherein the control software comprises a control algorithm, an input and output interface program, a monitoring interface program and the like, and the control software is a Simulink system model with a clear structure and definite functions of all modules;
(2) compiling a Simulink model into a CCS project through an automatic code generation tool under Simulink, and converting a control program into a C code program;
(3) compiling the C code program in a CCS environment to generate an HEX file, and downloading the HEX file to a DSP core board TMS320F 2812;
(4) a direct-current chopping and soft switching circuit, a single-end forward/flyback and single-phase APFC rectifying circuit, a single three-phase controllable rectifying circuit, a single three-phase inversion and variable frequency motor control circuit are constructed by adopting a DSP core board, and a public system platform and an upper computer are combined to carry out power electronic technology experiments.
Referring to fig. 2, in the PC 1, control software for a three-phase inverter circuit experiment is built by using Simulink model programming software, and the control software includes a closed-loop controller module of the inverter circuit and control modules of units such as AD, EVA, PIE, SCI, GPIO and the like of the DSP processor TMS320F2812, as shown in fig. 10 (other experiments can refer to fig. 5-9 and 11-12). The Simulink model is compiled into a project file under the Texas Instruments (TI) microprocessor integrated development environment (CCS) by an automatic code generation tool under Simulink, at which time the control program has been converted to a C code program. And compiling the C code program in a CCS environment to generate an HEX file, and downloading the HEX file to the TMS320F2812 microprocessor through a JTAG interface to complete the development work of the control software. In the software development process, students do not need to write or view complex C language programs, and only need to build a functional module in a Simulink environment, so that the software development process is simple, convenient and easy to understand, and is a programming mode suitable for students in a learning stage to perform verification and research experiments. In the research experiment, students can research a new control strategy only by changing the regulator module, and other modules can be free from any modification.
And downloading the control program from the JTAG port to the TMS320F2812 core board 4 by using the simulator, and starting the microprocessor TMS320F2812 to run the control program after resetting. An event manager EVA in the microprocessor TMS320F2812 generates a PWM signal, outputs the PWM signal to a PWM signal isolation driving circuit 9 through a PWM signal output circuit 6, and outputs a gate control signal for controlling an IGBT tube in a controllable full-bridge inverter circuit (namely an experimental circuit) (IPM) 8. Each voltage and current amount in the controllable full-bridge inverter circuit 8 in the experimental process is output to the voltage and current signal isolation circuit 7 through the detection circuit, is output to the data acquisition circuit 5 after being isolated by strong and weak electricity, and is fed back to a control program through the AD conversion circuit in the microprocessor TMS320F2812 for closed-loop control. And various feedback parameters and required control parameters generated by the TMS320F2812 core board 4 in the control program operation process are exchanged with the virtual instrument monitoring software 3 in the PC 1 through the USB interface in real time, so that students can observe various operation parameters in the inverter circuit experiment process on the virtual instrument monitoring software, and the control parameters can be modified in the monitoring software to observe the experiment effect under different control parameters.
The voltage-current signal isolation circuit of the present invention is shown in fig. 3. The alternating current-direct current signal isolation circuit receives an output signal IF1 of the Hall current sensor, and because the output voltage of the Hall current sensor is 2.5V when the detection current is 0A, a negative bias direct current voltage is added to an input stage operational amplifier U2A of the circuit and is adjusted by an RP2 potentiometer, and the gain of the circuit can be adjusted by the potentiometer RP 1. U2B, IC1, U3A are analog quantity linear opto-coupler isolation circuits, can carry out isolation transmission to the analog quantity, have added stabilivolt WD1 at the output terminal of U3A, make the output voltage amplitude limit between 0-3.3V, match with analog signal input amplitude of TMS320F 2812.
The direct-current voltage signal isolation circuit receives a voltage division signal UF1 of the high-voltage direct-current voltage, and because UF1 is a unipolar signal, a bias signal does not need to be added, and the potentiometer RP3 adjusts the gain of the circuit. U4B, IC2, U5A are analog quantity linear optical coupling isolation circuits, and the working principle is the same as above.
The alternating voltage signal isolation circuit receives an alternating voltage signal through a voltage transformer T1, a direct current offset is superposed (9V 1 is superposed through R30), a unipolar alternating voltage signal is output at U7A, U7B, IC3 and U8A are analog linear optical coupling isolation circuits, and the working principle is the same as the above.
As shown in FIG. 4, the PWM signal isolation driving circuit of the invention is characterized in that 6 paths of PWM signals generated by a CPU on a TMS320F2812 core board are output and input to a PWM signal isolation circuit after being driven by a gate circuit, and 6 IGBT devices of a full-bridge inverter circuit (IPM) can be driven after the 6 paths of PWM signals are isolated by a high-speed optical coupler.
The modern power electronic technology experiment project which can be carried out by the invention comprises the following steps:
1. buck Chopper circuit (Buck Chopper) performance studies;
2. the performance research of a Boost Chopper circuit (Boost Chopper);
3. the performance research of a Buck/Boost Chopper circuit (Buck-Boost Chopper);
4. the performance of the Cuk chopper circuit is researched;
5. sepic chopper circuit performance research;
6. researching the performance of the Zeta chopper circuit;
7. phase-shifted full-bridge zero-voltage switching conversion circuit (soft switching circuit) research experiment.
The modern power electronic technology experiment project which can be carried out by the single-ended forward/flyback and single-phase APFC rectifying circuit of the invention is as follows:
1. experimental study of a single-ended forward switching power supply;
2. experimental study of a single-ended flyback switching power supply;
3. single-phase Boost type APFC rectifier circuit experimental study.
The modern power electronic technology experiment project which can be carried out by the single three-phase controllable rectifying circuit of the invention comprises:
1. voltage regulation experiment of a voltage type single-phase full-bridge rectifier circuit;
2. a voltage type single-phase full-bridge rectifier circuit inversion experiment;
3. voltage regulation experiment of a voltage type three-phase bridge rectifier circuit;
4. and (3) performing inversion experiments on the voltage type three-phase bridge rectifier circuit.
The modern power electronic technology experiment project which can be carried out by the single-phase and three-phase inversion and variable frequency motor control circuit of the invention is as follows:
1. single-phase SPWM alternating current inversion experimental study;
2. three-phase SPWM alternating current inversion experimental study;
3. performing a variable frequency speed regulation experiment on the alternating current asynchronous motor;
4. a pulse width speed regulation experiment (rotating speed and current double closed loop feedback control) of the direct current motor;
5. speed regulation experiments (PI, PID, FUZZY-PID control) of the square wave brushless motor.
When the direct current chopper circuit experiment is carried out, the DSP core board generates adjustable PWM waves to control the operation of the direct current chopper circuit, meanwhile, the DSP core board collects voltage and current values in the direct current chopper circuit in real time, and waveform and parameters of the direct current chopper circuit are displayed in the experiment monitoring software in real time. The phase-shifted full-bridge zero-voltage switching conversion circuit (soft switching circuit) is composed of an H-bridge circuit, a load circuit and the like, and control signals of the H-bridge are generated by a DSP core board. The DSP core board generates an H-bridge PWM control signal required by the soft switching circuit according to a voltage value or duty ratio set by the upper computer and other operation parameters, collects a voltage current value in the soft switching circuit, and displays the waveform and parameters of the soft switching circuit in real time in experiment monitoring software.
When a single-ended forward/flyback switching power supply experiment is carried out, the DSP core board generates a PWM signal of a switching power supply power tube, collects an output voltage value of the switching power supply, realizes constant voltage output of the switching power supply, and simultaneously displays operation parameters of the switching power supply in real time in experiment monitoring software.
When a single-phase APFC rectifying circuit experiment is carried out, the DSP core board acquires alternating voltage and current signals input by the rectifying circuit and outputs direct voltage signals, and after operation, the PWM signals of the power tube are controlled, so that normal work of the single-phase APFC rectifying circuit is completed. And the setting of control parameters and the display of real-time parameters are realized in experiment monitoring software.
When carrying out the controllable rectifier circuit experiment of single three-phase, the alternating voltage and the current signal of rectifier circuit input and the direct current voltage and the current signal of output are gathered in real time to the nuclear core plate of DSP, according to the control parameter that host computer experiment control software set for, output full-bridge rectifier circuit controllable device's PWM control signal realizes rectifier circuit's rectification or contravariant state operation. And displaying real-time parameters in the experiment monitoring software.
When carrying out the AC inversion experiment, the DSP nuclear core plate gathers the alternating voltage and the current signal of inverter circuit output in real time, according to the control parameter that host computer experiment control software set for, outputs the PWM control signal of the controllable device of full-bridge inverter circuit, realizes inverter circuit's alternating current power supply operation. And displaying real-time parameters in the experiment monitoring software.
When carrying out the speed governing control experiment, the rotational speed or position signal and the current signal of motor are gathered in real time to DSP nuclear core plate, according to the control parameter that host computer experiment control software set for, output full-bridge inverter circuit controllable device's PWM control signal realizes the closed-loop control of motor rotational speed to carry out the demonstration of real-time parameter in experiment monitoring software.
The present invention is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments shown and described, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features herein disclosed.
Claims (1)
1. An experimental method of a modern power electronic technology experimental platform is characterized in that: the experimental platform adopts a modern power electronic technology, and comprises a public system platform, a direct-current chopping and soft switching circuit, a single-ended forward/flyback and single-phase APFC rectifying circuit, a single three-phase controllable rectifying circuit, a single three-phase inversion and variable frequency motor control circuit and an upper computer;
the public system platform consists of a three-phase alternating current power supply, a load, an alternating current and direct current instrument and a low-voltage direct current power supply;
the direct-current chopping and soft switching circuit, the single-end forward/flyback and single-phase APFC rectifying circuit, the single-three-phase controllable rectifying circuit and the single-three-phase inversion and variable frequency motor control circuit respectively comprise a DSP core board TMS320F2812 and corresponding experimental circuits, each experimental circuit is connected with a common system platform, the output of each experimental circuit is connected with a data acquisition circuit through a voltage and current signal isolation circuit, and after the signal of the data acquisition circuit is processed by the core board, a control signal is sequentially input into the experimental circuit through a PWM signal output circuit and a PWM signal isolation driving circuit; each DSP core board TMS320F2812 is connected with an upper computer through a communication module;
the experimental method comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of writing control software of a DSP core board TMS320F2812 through graphical programming software under an MATLAB/Simulink software environment of a PC (personal computer), wherein the control software comprises a control algorithm, an input/output interface program and a monitoring interface program;
(2) compiling a Simulink model into a CCS project through an automatic code generation tool under Simulink, and converting a control program into a C code program;
(3) compiling the C code program in a CCS environment to generate an HEX file, and downloading the HEX file to a DSP core board TMS320F 2812;
(4) a direct-current chopping and soft switching circuit, a single-end forward/flyback and single-phase APFC rectifying circuit, a single three-phase controllable rectifying circuit, a single three-phase inversion and variable frequency motor control circuit are constructed by adopting a DSP core board TMS320F2812, and a power electronic technology experiment is carried out by combining a public system platform and an upper computer;
downloading a control program from a JTAG port to a DSP core board TMS320F2812 by using an emulator, and starting a microprocessor TMS320F2812 to run the control program after resetting; an event manager EVA in the microprocessor TMS320F2812 generates a PWM signal, outputs the PWM signal to the PWM signal isolation driving circuit through the PWM signal output circuit 6 and outputs a gate control signal capable of controlling an IGBT tube in the experimental circuit; each voltage and current amount of the experimental circuit in the experimental process is output to a voltage and current signal isolation circuit through a detection circuit, is output to a data acquisition circuit after being isolated by strong and weak current, and is fed back to a control program through an AD conversion circuit in a microprocessor TMS320F2812 for closed-loop control; various feedback parameters and required control parameters generated by the DSP core board TMS320F2812 in the control program operation process are exchanged with virtual instrument monitoring software in the PC through a USB interface in real time, students can observe various operation parameters in the inverter circuit experiment process on the virtual instrument monitoring software, can modify the control parameters in the monitoring software, and observe experiment effects under different control parameters;
the experimental circuit of the single three-phase inversion and variable frequency motor control circuit comprises a rectification circuit, a controllable full-bridge inversion circuit, a load inductor and a voltage and current detection circuit, wherein the input end of the rectification circuit is connected with a three-phase alternating current power supply of a public system platform, the output end of the rectification circuit is connected with the controllable full-bridge inversion circuit, a PWM signal isolation driving circuit is connected with the controllable full-bridge inversion circuit, and the voltage and current detection circuit is respectively connected with the controllable full-bridge inversion circuit and a voltage and current signal isolation circuit;
a three-phase alternating current power supply of the public system platform is rectified into a high-voltage direct current power supply through a rectifying circuit and is used as the power supply input of a controllable full-bridge inverter circuit; a DSP control system consisting of a DSP core board TMS320F2812 outputs 6 paths of PWM signals, and the PWM signals are used as control signals of the controllable full-bridge inverter circuit after being isolated from the driving circuit by the PWM signals; the pulse width modulation voltage output by the controllable full-bridge inverter circuit is filtered by a load inductance LC circuit and then outputs an alternating current power supply with adjustable voltage and frequency; meanwhile, the voltage and the current quantity of the direct current side in the system and the voltage and the current quantity of the inverted alternating current power supply are received by the data acquisition circuit after passing through the voltage and current detection circuit and the voltage and current signal isolation circuit;
the DC chopper and soft switching circuit comprises:
the system protection module is used for realizing overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, undervoltage protection, overload protection and dead zone protection, so that the system works more safely and stably;
the direct current chopping control module is used for detecting voltage and current and generating a control signal switching waveform;
the soft switch control module is used for measuring voltage and current through the AD converter, analyzing the detection signal to calculate the initial position and width of the current control pulse width, and realizing closed-loop regulation of output voltage by utilizing a PID algorithm;
the voltage and current detection module is used for triggering and interrupting sampling of a detected signal by adopting a timer, calculating current voltage, current and real-time power data, and filtering an interference signal by a first-order inertia filter to obtain a stable measured value;
the USB communication module enables data interaction between the core board and the upper computer in a high-speed interrupt mode;
the human-computer interface module is used for selecting functions, downloading control commands, displaying voltage, current and power data, acquiring real-time waveforms, and storing, recovering and analyzing the data;
the single-ended forward/flyback and single-phase APFC rectifying circuit comprises:
the system protection module is used for realizing overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection, overcurrent protection, dead zone time delay, soft start and overload protection;
the single-end forward/flyback module starts the soft start module according to a given voltage value, detects a feedback value of the current voltage, controls the current voltage by the PID controller to realize closed-loop voltage control, and simultaneously limits the maximum output current of the system by adopting current cut-off negative feedback to prevent the system from being damaged by overload;
the APFC rectification module is used for judging by detecting the output current of the current rectification circuit and the phase of a system power supply, and switching on the duty ratio of a rectification power tube to enable the rectification current of the system to be close to a sine value, so that the power factor of the rectification circuit is improved, and the function of a green power supply is realized;
the data acquisition module is used for triggering and interrupting sampling of a measured signal by adopting a timer, calculating current voltage and current data, and filtering an interference signal by a first-order inertia filter to obtain a stable measured value;
the USB communication module enables data interaction between the core board and the upper computer in a high-speed interrupt mode;
the human-computer interface module is used for selecting functions, downloading control commands, displaying voltage, current and power data, acquiring real-time waveforms, and storing, recovering and analyzing the data;
the single three-phase controllable rectifying circuit comprises:
the system protection module is used for realizing overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection, undervoltage protection, overload protection and dead zone protection, so that the system works more safely and stably;
the single-phase controllable rectification module determines the starting time of a control pulse by detecting the phase of a single-phase alternating current power supply, determines the width of the pulse by comparing a given signal with a detection voltage, and controls the size of a rectification voltage;
the three-phase controllable rectification module determines the starting time of a control pulse by detecting the phase of a three-phase alternating current power supply, determines the width of the pulse by comparing a given signal with a detection voltage, and controls the size of the rectification voltage;
the voltage and current detection module is used for triggering and interrupting the sampling of a detected signal by adopting a timer and calculating the current voltage, current and real-time power data; filtering an interference signal through a first-order inertia filter to obtain a stable measured value;
the USB communication module enables data interaction between the core board and the upper computer in a high-speed interrupt mode;
the human-computer interface module is used for selecting functions, downloading control commands, displaying voltage, current and power data, acquiring real-time waveforms, and storing, recovering and analyzing the data;
the single three-phase inversion and variable frequency motor control circuit comprises:
the system protection module is used for realizing over-speed protection, under-voltage protection, overvoltage protection, overcurrent protection and dead zone protection, so that the system works more safely and stably;
the single three-phase inversion module generates single three-phase SPWM inversion control signals through the EVA module, respectively drives four and six IGBT power tubes, and simultaneously realizes stable control of voltage through the PID control module;
the alternating current motor control module downloads a control algorithm of alternating current motors SPWM, SVPWM, space vector and magnetic field orientation to the DSP core board TMS320F2812, realizes the formation of SPWM control signals through an EVA module of the DSP, and achieves the rotation speed regulation of the asynchronous motor in a double-closed-loop mode;
the direct current motor control module is used for measuring voltage, current and rotating speed through the AD converter, analyzing the detection signal to calculate the initial position and width of the current control pulse width, and realizing the self-adaptive adjustment of the rotating speed and current PID parameters by utilizing a neural network PID algorithm;
the USB communication module enables data interaction between the core board and the upper computer in a high-speed interrupt mode;
the human-computer interface module is used for selecting functions, downloading control commands, displaying voltage, current and rotating speed data, displaying sinusoidal voltage and current signals of an SPWM waveform and a motor in real time, and storing, recovering and printing the data;
in the voltage and current signal isolation circuit, the alternating current and direct current signal isolation circuit receives an output signal IF1 of a Hall current sensor, and because the output voltage of the Hall current sensor is 2.5V when the detection current is 0A, a negative bias direct current voltage is added to an input stage operational amplifier U2A of the circuit and is adjusted by an RP2 potentiometer, and the potentiometer RP1 can adjust the gain of the circuit; U2B, IC1 and U3A are analog quantity linear optical coupling isolation circuits, and can carry out isolation transmission on analog quantity, and a voltage regulator tube WD1 is added at the output end of U3A, so that the output voltage amplitude is limited between 0 and 3.3V and is matched with the analog signal input amplitude of TMS320F 2812;
the direct-current voltage signal isolation circuit receives a voltage division signal UF1 of the high-voltage direct-current voltage, and because UF1 is a unipolar signal, a bias signal does not need to be added, and a potentiometer RP3 adjusts the gain of the circuit;
the alternating voltage signal isolation circuit receives an alternating voltage signal through a voltage transformer T1, superposes a direct current offset, and outputs a unipolar alternating voltage signal at U7A;
in the PWM signal isolation driving circuit, 6 paths of PWM signals generated by a CPU on a DSP core board TMS320F2812 are output and input to the PWM signal isolation circuit after being driven by a gate circuit, and 6 IGBT devices of the full-bridge inverter circuit can be driven after the 6 paths of PWM signals are isolated by the high-speed optical coupler;
when a direct current chopper circuit experiment is carried out, the DSP core board TMS320F2812 generates adjustable PWM waves to control the operation of the direct current chopper circuit, meanwhile, the DSP core board TMS320F2812 collects voltage and current values in the direct current chopper circuit in real time, and waveform and parameters of the direct current chopper circuit are displayed in real time in experiment monitoring software; the phase-shifted full-bridge zero-voltage switch conversion circuit comprises an H-bridge circuit and a load circuit part, and a control signal of the H-bridge is generated by a DSP core board TMS320F 2812; the DSP core board TMS320F2812 generates an H bridge PWM control signal required by the soft switching circuit according to a voltage value or duty ratio set by an upper computer and other operation parameters, collects a voltage current value in the soft switching circuit, and displays the waveform and parameters of the soft switching circuit in real time in experiment monitoring software;
when a single-ended forward/flyback switching power supply experiment is carried out, the DSP core board TMS320F2812 generates a PWM signal of a switching power supply power tube, collects an output voltage value of the switching power supply, realizes constant voltage output of the switching power supply, and simultaneously displays operation parameters of the switching power supply in real time in experiment monitoring software;
when a single-phase APFC rectifier circuit experiment is carried out, a DSP core board TMS320F2812 acquires alternating-current voltage and current signals input by a rectifier circuit and outputs direct-current voltage signals, after operation, a PWM (pulse width modulation) signal of a power tube is controlled, normal work of the single-phase APFC rectifier circuit is completed, and setting of control parameters and display of real-time parameters are realized in experiment monitoring software;
when a single three-phase controllable rectifying circuit experiment is carried out, a DSP core board TMS320F2812 acquires alternating current voltage and current signals input by the rectifying circuit and direct current voltage and current signals output by the rectifying circuit in real time, outputs PWM control signals of controllable devices of a full-bridge rectifying circuit according to control parameters set by upper computer experiment control software, realizes the rectifying or inverting state operation of the rectifying circuit, and displays real-time parameters in experiment monitoring software;
when an alternating current inversion experiment is carried out, the DSP core board TMS320F2812 collects alternating current voltage and current signals output by the inverter circuit in real time, outputs PWM control signals of a full-bridge inverter circuit controllable device according to control parameters set by upper computer experiment control software, realizes the operation of an alternating current power supply of the inverter circuit, and displays real-time parameters in experiment monitoring software;
when a speed regulation control experiment is carried out, the DSP core board TMS320F2812 collects the rotating speed or position signal and current signal of the motor in real time, outputs the PWM control signal of the controllable device of the full-bridge inverter circuit according to the control parameter set by the experiment control software of the upper computer, realizes the closed-loop control of the rotating speed of the motor, and displays the real-time parameter in the experiment monitoring software.
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