CN105115093A - Solar combined type air change system for building - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar combined type air change system for a building, which takes solar energy as natural power for the air change and ventilation of indoor air of the building. The air change system consists of a solar water heater 100 with a radiating device, a hot vertical shaft 200 and a plurality of air openings which are communicated with the interior in the building, wherein the solar water heater 100 is arranged outside the building; the hot vertical shaft 200 is attached to an external wall of the building; a hot water pipeline of the solar water heater 100 passes the hot vertical shaft from top to bottom; a radiating mechanism 12 of the solar water heater is wrapped inside the hot vertical shaft 200. The solar combined type air change system is capable of continuously providing clean warm air for the interior in an all-weather way in winter, and improving the comfort level of a room in summer by intensifying natural convection of north window air from interior to exterior by self-generated draft force.

Description

A solar combined ventilation system for buildings

technical field

The invention relates to a building indoor ventilation device, in particular to a building indoor automatic ventilation device utilizing solar energy.

Background technique

With the improvement of people's material and cultural level, people's requirements for health are getting higher and higher. People have higher and higher requirements for indoor air quality. However, with the promotion of building energy-saving technology in my country in recent years, the airtightness of household housing has been greatly improved, which makes the fresh air in the household indoors insufficient, and the activities of indoor humans and pets cause the oxygen content of the air to decrease, as well as the emissions from cooking and bathing. Harmful gases cannot be taken away in time, which will have adverse effects on human health. Relevant studies have also shown that an overly closed gas space also has a certain negative impact on human mental health. At present, most residents adopt the method of directly opening windows to promote the replacement of indoor air and outdoor air, which has two adverse consequences:

1) A large amount of cold air enters the room, which will cause waste of heating load in winter;

2) Harmful dust and viruses in the outdoor air enter the room and accumulate on various objects in the room, causing adverse effects on human health.

Therefore, there is an urgent need to invent a home ventilation system that utilizes clean energy to heat fresh air and can efficiently capture fresh air dust and microorganisms. .

The conventional windows of buildings are composed of windows and sashes, and their main functions are to carry out lighting and ventilation. But ordinary windows cannot make full use of the solar radiation to force the indoor air to be heated by convection circulation and to ventilate the outside. In summer, natural convection from north to south through windows is used for ventilation.

Most modern house construction also adopts "breathing" walls, hoods, additional ventilation windows, etc.

1) "breathing" curtain wall. The use of double-layer glass as the enclosure structure, leaving a certain width of air passage between the glass and the adjustable angle of the louver is an advanced technology commonly used in the ecological building industry today. They are called "double skins". curtain wall. In summer, open the upper and lower air inlets, and the air in the ventilation channel is heated. Under the action of the chimney effect and a certain wind pressure, the hot air rises, and the cold air enters the channel from the lower layer to form natural ventilation. In winter, the air inlet and exhaust outlets are closed. The wind speed is reduced, and the additional sunlight room formed by the space between the double-layer glass is used to store heat for heating. Double-layer roof ventilation: The traditional flat roof of a building is insulated with a brick overhead insulation layer, which cannot be actively ventilated by thermal pressure. The heat insulation interlayer installed on the sloping roof, when the roof is exposed to solar radiation, the temperature of the air in the interlayer rises, the hot air rises along the sloping roof, and the cold air is replenished from the lower eaves of the roof, forming a natural environment under the action of heat pressure and wind pressure. Ventilation takes away the radiant heat from the sun on the roof.

2) Hood. The hood is the inlet or outlet of the natural air intake and exhaust system. It uses the positive or negative pressure caused by wind force or temperature difference to enhance the air intake and exhaust capacity. Hoods can be installed where localized ventilation is required or on the roof to facilitate general intake and exhaust. The air intake type hood is a hood that can induce wind to the internal space under the action of external wind pressure. The feature is that it can use the wind blowing from any direction to guide the outdoor airflow to the inner space. The air exhaust type hood is under the action of external wind pressure, the hood itself generates negative pressure, and the air is exhausted from the inside of the space. wind.

3) Additional ventilation windows. This is a flexible solution to the contradiction between natural lighting and natural ventilation. Sometimes the area of the daylighting windows on the building surface meets the requirements of indoor natural lighting, but in a certain period of time, such as summer, even if the windows are fully opened, it cannot meet the requirements of indoor natural ventilation. At this time, some additional ventilation windows can be designed. . They are made of opaque thermal insulation materials and can be opened and closed freely. They are usually closed and not used, and they are opened and used when the natural ventilation requirements cannot be met indoors.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to design a more effective solar ventilation system to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical means

The utility model relates to a solar combined ventilation system for a building, which uses solar energy as a natural power to ventilate and ventilate the indoor air of a building. The ventilation system is composed of a solar water heater 100 with a cooling device, a heat shaft 200, and a plurality of air outlets communicating with the building; the solar water heater 100 is placed outside the building, and the heat shaft 200 is attached to the outer wall of the building. The hot water pipeline of the solar water heater 100 passes through the heat shaft from top to bottom, and its cooling mechanism 12 is contained in the heat shaft 200; : heat shaft upper left baffle 13, heat shaft upper right baffle 16, heat shaft lower left baffle 15 and heat shaft lower right baffle 5; heat shaft upper right baffle 13 and heat shaft lower right baffle 5 are respectively connected with the upper The tuyere 310 and the lower tuyere 320 are connected.

With the structure of the present invention, residential buildings in northern my country and some southern regions can continuously provide clean warm air for the room in winter, and in summer, the natural convection of air from the north window can be strengthened from the outside to the room through self-generated draft force, which improves the comfort of the room in summer Spend. The following excellent functions have been realized:

1) Fresh air heating function in winter

The present invention arranges the heater before the fresh air enters the room, and utilizes hot water to heat the fresh air. The heater uses a finned tube heat exchanger, and the hot water is generated by a solar water heater.

2) Winter fresh air cleaning function

The present invention arranges a low-voltage electrostatic fresh air filter before the fresh air enters the room, uses the electrostatic field to filter and sterilize the dust, and considers the cost of power supply from solar panels and household electricity as well as the effect of energy saving and emission reduction. Electrostatic filters are powered by electricity.

3) Strengthen the air convection function of the north window to the room in summer

The invention arranges a heater in the air shaft, uses warm water to heat the air in the air shaft, the air in the air shaft floats to the outdoor space, and forms a negative pressure in the shaft, thereby attracting indoor air to flow into the shaft, and finally strengthens the The flow of air from the north window to the interior.

4) Clean energy is used for heating

The hot water used for heating the fresh air in winter and the hot water for heating the air in the air shaft in summer all come from solar water heaters. In the case of ensuring domestic hot water for residents, we divert some circulating water to meet the heat exchange between hot water and air to achieve satisfactory heat exchange. Gas effect, while not consuming other energy sources, energy saving and pollution-free.

5) The system structure is simple, the investment is moderate, and the maintenance and cleaning are simple.

The accompanying drawings are as follows:

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a building solar combined ventilation system according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Building exterior wall 2. External power supply 3. Wire 4. Electrostatic precipitator net 5. Heat shaft lower right baffle 6. Cold water pipe 7. Solar water heater 8. Heater lower header 9. Heating window cooling pipe 10 .Hot water pipe 11. Heat insulation baffle 12. Heat dissipation mechanism 13. Upper right baffle of heat shaft 14. Upper header of heater 15. Lower left baffle of heat shaft 16. Upper left baffle of heat shaft

Detailed ways

The implementation of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, it should be emphasized that the following embodiments are only exemplary and not intended to limit the scope and application of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1:

The building solar combined ventilation system is composed of a solar water heater 100 with heat dissipation device, a heat shaft 200 and a plurality of air outlets communicating with the building and indoors; the solar water heater 100 is placed outside the building, and the heat shaft 200 is attached to the building If the external wall is set, the thermal shaft needs to be made of thermal insulation material. The hot water pipeline of the solar water heater 100 passes through the heat shaft from top to bottom, and its heat dissipation mechanism 12 (here, a heat sink group) is contained in the heat shaft 200; the heat shaft 200 is a strip-shaped airtight box with four Two baffle plates that can be opened and closed, namely: the upper left baffle plate 13 of the thermal shaft, the upper right baffle plate 16 of the thermal shaft, the lower left baffle plate 15 of the thermal shaft and the lower right baffle plate 5 of the thermal shaft; the upper right baffle plate 16 of the thermal shaft and the lower right baffle plate of the thermal shaft The baffles 5 respectively communicate with the upper air outlet 310 and the lower air outlet 320 of the building.

In this embodiment, the heat dissipation mechanism 12 is a heat sink group connected to the hot water pipeline at 100 . An electrostatic air filter and purification device is arranged on the upper air outlet 310 of the building.

The working principle of the present invention

1) The principle of fresh air heating

The solar water heater converts solar energy into heat energy of water, and the hot water enters the upper part of the radiator, and returns to the solar water heater after releasing heat to the cold air in the radiator. During winter, the upper left baffle plate 13 of the thermal shaft and the lower right baffle plate 5 of the thermal shaft are closed, the lower left baffle plate 15 of the thermal shaft and the upper right baffle plate 16 of the thermal shaft are opened, the temperature of the cold air rises after being heated in the lower part of the shaft, and due to the decrease in density When floating upwards, the pressure on the upper part of the shaft is higher than the indoor pressure, so warm fresh air enters the room through the upper air outlet 310 of the building.

2) The principle of fresh air filtration

In order to achieve the purpose of filtering the air, an electrostatic filter (purifier) is provided on the upper air outlet 310 of the building. In this embodiment, an electrostatic dust removal net and a washable aluminum pre-filter are used. The design of the twisted metal pattern maximizes the dust collection capacity and the best effect; there is also a high-energy ionization wire, which emits 8150 volts of high voltage electricity, resulting in an ultra-high voltage gradient, which strongly charges the polluted particles; integrated board, integrated board strip Positive and negative charges, adsorbing the charged pollution particles, at this stage the voltage is reduced to 4075 volts, so that the dust collecting plates can be densely arranged and the dust collecting surface can be enlarged; the granular activated carbon filter, the granular activated carbon filter, can effectively Removes unpleasant odors such as smoke and ozone. According to the information, the electrostatic filter can capture 95% of particles above 0.5 microns in the air, kill 90% of fungi and viruses, 70% of bacteria, and 60% of dust mites.

3) The principle of ventilation in summer

During summer, the left lower baffle 15 and the upper right baffle 16 of the thermal shaft are closed, the upper left baffle 13 of the thermal shaft and the lower right baffle 5 of the thermal shaft are opened, the air in the shaft floats up after being heated and leaves the shaft, and negative pressure is generated in the shaft , the indoor air is continuously replenished into the shaft, and continues to float out of the shaft. The indoor air volume decreases to generate negative pressure, and the air outside the north window flows into the room under the action of the pressure difference.

The building solar combined ventilation system of the present invention can be attached to a building and be installed in multiple places according to needs.

With the system of the present invention, solar energy is used to complete the operation of the entire system, and the indoor air is supplemented with fresh air on the premise of ensuring that the indoor temperature is not lowered, and the air is dedusted and disinfected during the air intake process to eliminate dust in the fresh air, which is harmful Gases, PM2.5, etc., use clean warm air to continuously replace indoor low-oxygen air and harmful gases emitted from cooking and bathing, ensuring heating in winter. In summer, the negative pressure formed inside the heat shaft draws out the indoor air, which promotes the flow of air with a lower temperature from the north window to the room, strengthens the flow of indoor air, and saves electricity for air conditioning.

Claims (3)

1. the solar combined air exchange system of building, be that natural power ventilates for Indoor environment carries out ventilation with solar energy, it is characterized in that, air exchange system is by having the solar water heater (100) of heat abstractor, hot vertical shaft (200) and forming with multiple air ports that building communicates with indoor; Solar water heater is placed in outside building, and the wall face that hot vertical shaft depends on building is arranged; The hot water line of solar water heater is from top to bottom by hot vertical shaft, and its cooling mechanism (12) contains in hot vertical shaft; Hot vertical shaft is the adiabatic containment housing of bar shaped, it have four baffle plates able to turn on or off, that is: hot vertical shaft upper left baffle plate (13), hot vertical shaft upper right baffle plate (16), hot vertical shaft lower-left baffle plate (15) and hot vertical shaft bottom right baffle plate (5); Hot vertical shaft upper right baffle plate (13) and hot vertical shaft bottom right baffle plate (5) respectively with the uptake (310) of building and lower air port (320) through.

2. the solar combined air exchange system of building according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the uptake (310) of building is provided with static air depurate device.

3. the solar combined air exchange system of building according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described cooling mechanism (12) is for being connected in the groups of fins of the hot water line of (100).