CN105114551A - Single cycle reciprocating mechanism acted by gravitational potential energy - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a single-cycle reciprocating mechanism under the action of gravitational potential energy, comprising: a driving mechanism connected by a fork lever and a toggle mechanism, the driving mechanism can drive the drive gear to rotate forward and reverse; the toggle mechanism includes a sliding lever , two shift fork rods are arranged on the driving rod, and the two shift fork rods are respectively located outside the two ends of the driving gear; one end of the driving shaft is provided with a screw rod, and the screw sleeve thread connecting the bending rod is sleeved on the screw rod; The rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft, the swing rod is connected to the lever through the first rotating shaft, the swing rod is connected to the sleeve rod through the second rotating shaft, the sleeve rod is coaxially socketed in the sleeve, and the other end of the sleeve is connected to the bending rod. A counterweight plate is provided on the swing rod at the second rotating shaft, and the swing rod rotates through the third rotating shaft; a first stop mechanism is provided on the sleeve, and the first stop mechanism can be buckled to limit the relative position between the sleeve rod and the sleeve , There is also a bump on the lever, and the bump is connected with the manual stop mechanism.

Description

Single-period reciprocating mechanism with gravitational potential energy

technical field

The invention relates to a transmission conversion mechanism, in particular to a single-cycle reciprocating mechanism under the action of gravitational potential energy.

Background technique

The transmission conversion mode of modern power mechanism is mostly carried out by means of frequency converter to control the motor. The frequency converter controls the speed of the motor and controls the steering of the motor, which makes the speed output of the motor to the transmission mechanism extremely flexible. However, the common frequency converter has insufficient voltage compensation for the motor when outputting low frequency, and the torque boost of the motor is not enough, resulting in a decrease in the output torque of the motor and unstable load capacity. Therefore, in the case of low-speed operation and high power requirements, it is still necessary to use a reducer. When the power output by the motor is decelerated by the reducer, the torque can be increased. However, in the case of frequent cut-off of output power and frequent reversing, this type of device can only be realized by frequent start and stop of the motor, and frequent forward and reverse switching. Long-term use is not conducive to the normal operation of the motor. Therefore, it is necessary to design a set of mechanical transmission mechanism to realize the functions of frequent reversing and frequent cut-off of the output power under the condition of continuous and stable operation of the motor and reducer.

Contents of the invention

The invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and provides a reciprocating mechanism driven by a gravity swing rod and assisted by a sleeve.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a single-cycle reciprocating mechanism under the action of gravitational potential energy, including: a driving mechanism and a toggle mechanism connected by a shift fork lever, characterized in that,

- the drive mechanism can drive the drive gear to rotate forward and reverse;

- The toggling mechanism includes a sliding lever, on which two fork levers are arranged, and the two fork levers are respectively located outside the two ends of the drive gear; one end of the drive shaft is provided with a screw, connected to the The screw sleeve is threadedly socketed on the screw rod;

The first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft are arranged in turn on the swing rod, the swing rod is connected to the shift rod through the first rotating shaft, the swing rod is connected to the sleeve rod through the second rotating shaft, and the sleeve rod is coaxially sleeved on the sleeve Inside the barrel, the other end of the sleeve is connected to the bent rod, and a counterweight plate is arranged on the swing rod at the second rotating shaft, and the swing rod rotates through the third rotating shaft; the sleeve is provided with a first The stop mechanism, the first stop mechanism can be buckled to limit the relative position between the sleeve rod and the sleeve, and the shift lever is also provided with a projection, and the projection is engaged with the manual stop mechanism.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,

- when the drive gear meshes with the first gear, the swing link is biased toward the first gear;

- when the driving gear meshes with the second gear, the swing link is biased towards the second gear.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first stop mechanism includes a stop rod with a wedge-shaped head at one end and a first spring sleeved on the stop rod, and the wedge-shaped head of the stop rod extends into the sleeve. Inside the cylinder, the other end of the stop rod extends out of the sleeve, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively fixed on the outer wall of the sleeve and the stop rod.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one end of the second spring is fixedly arranged, and the other end is connected to one end of the stop rod.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the second spring is obliquely stretched long enough, the wedge-shaped head is out of contact with the sleeve rod in the sleeve, and the swing rod can move the The sleeve rod is inserted into or extracted from the sleeve.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a stopper is provided on both sides of the free end of the swing rod.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the manual stop mechanism includes a stop lever with a wedge-shaped head at one end and a fixed plate, the wedge-shaped head of the stop lever protrudes outside one surface of the fixed plate, and the stop lever also One end of the first spring protrudes from the other side of the fixed plate, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively fixed on the fixed plate and the stop bar; the wedge-shaped head includes a wedge-shaped surface and a right-angled surface , the right-angled surface is parallel to the gear lever axis.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the two ends of the driving rod are respectively slidably socketed on the respective sleeve blocks.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving gear sliding key is arranged on the driving shaft, and the moving distance of the driving gear on the sliding key of the driving shaft is the axis of the first gear and the second gear to the distance.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drive mechanism includes a first gear and a second gear that can respectively mesh with the drive gear, the drive gear is slidably arranged on the drive shaft, the first gear and the second gear The gears rotate in the opposite direction;

The first gear is coaxially connected with a transmission gear, and the transmission gear meshes with the second gear.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixing plate is fixedly connected with one of the sets.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a handle is provided at the end of the stop lever on the manual stop mechanism.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the two shift fork rods is greater than the axial length of the driving gear.

The present invention solves the defect existing in the background technology, and the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) Through the action of the toggle mechanism, the position of the driving gear can be changed between the first gear and the second gear, which plays the role of changing the meshing object of the driving gear. At the same time, because the first gear and the second gear rotate in opposite directions, Ensure that the drive shaft changes direction of rotation each time the drive gear changes meshing objects.

(2) The rotation direction of the drive shaft and the toggle direction of the toggle mechanism just form a linkage structure. When the drive gear meshes with the first gear, the toggle mechanism is driven by the drive shaft so that the toggle mechanism has the ability to turn the drive gear to the second gear. The inclination and power of the gears, and the final driving gear is separated from the first gear, and is driven by the gravity potential energy of the balance plate on the swing bar to mesh with the second gear; otherwise, when the driving gear meshes with the second gear, the toggle mechanism will make the driving gear reverse movement.

(3) On the one hand, the structure of the feather key can ensure that there is a clamp limit between the drive gear and the drive shaft along the circumference of the drive shaft, so that the drive gear will not move relative to the drive shaft along the circumference; on the other hand, the drive gear can Sliding along the axial direction of the drive shaft ensures that the drive gear moves between the first gear and the second gear.

(4) The two fork levers are respectively located on both sides of the drive gear, and the drive gear can move axially along the drive shaft under the drive of the lever.

(5) The set block can limit the movement posture of the lever, and the stopper can limit the swing lever driven by the gravity of the weight plate within a certain swing range, and then the movement range of the lever is also limited to ensure that the lever will not be excessive The left and right offsets only ensure that the driving gear changes the meshing distance between the first gear and the second gear.

(6) When the driving gear meshes with the first gear, the pendulum shifts towards the side of the first gear. At this time, the weight plate gives the pendulum a pulling force toward the side due to gravity, and the screw sleeve is driven by the screw rod to move away from the first gear. A gear, then the bent rod pulls the sleeve to move, at this time, because the first stop mechanism clamps the sleeve rod in the sleeve, the sleeve rod will not slide relative to the sleeve until the swing rod is pulled beyond its vertical position and starts to move toward the One side of the second gear is offset. At this time, the stop rod of the first stop mechanism is pulled out by the second spring for a distance of one end, so the sleeve rod slides relative to the sleeve until the sleeve rod is completely inserted into the sleeve, and the sleeve rod and the sleeve At this time, the sum of the lengths of the cylinders is the smallest, because the inertia screw sleeve continues to move, and due to the gravity of the weight plate, the pendulum can push the lever to the second gear side, and finally push the driving gear to the second gear. engage; then

Because the drive gear meshes with the second gear, the drive shaft rotates in the opposite direction, so the movement of the screw sleeve is also reversed. At this time, the sleeve rod driven by the bent rod pushes the swing rod in the opposite direction, and then the driving rod is reversely driven, and the swing rod faces The direction of the first gear deflects, and after crossing its vertical position, it shifts to the side of the first gear. At this time, due to the gravity of the counterweight, the swing rod pulls the sleeve rod out of the sleeve. The length of the sleeve rod and the sleeve The sum is the largest, and then the second spring tension gradually decreases, and the stop bar blocks the sleeve rod and the sleeve and is relatively fixed.

(7) During the left and right movement of the fork lever, the two fork levers continuously push the drive gear to move left and right along the drive shaft to change the meshing objects.

(8) The first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft cooperate with each other, so that the pendulum can rotate with the third rotating shaft as the center of a circle, drive the shift lever to move left and right, and then drive the fork lever to follow the shift lever to move left and right.

(9) When the pendulum is biased to the first gear side, the pendulum is in the vertical state, and the pendulum has just crossed the vertical state and is deflected to the second gear side for a distance of two shift fork rod margins, the stop rod is Block the sleeve rod and the sleeve; after the swing rod is biased to the second gear for a certain distance, the stretching length of the second spring becomes larger and larger, and the stop rod is pulled out for a certain distance at this time, and the sleeve rod can slide relative to the sleeve.

(10) The setting of the stopper ensures that the lower end of the swing rod will not deviate beyond the range, that is, the swing rod will not make the moving range of the lever too large.

(11) The structure of the screw driving the screw sleeve, and then the screw sleeve provides the power source for the toggle mechanism. Since the rotation direction of the screw is related to the meshing object of the drive gear, the movement direction of the screw sleeve is related to the rotation direction of the drive shaft. The direction of rotation of the drive shaft is controlled by the toggle mechanism; thus, the above-mentioned process forms a cyclic motion process that influences each other, and the toggle mechanism and the drive mechanism continuously affect the continuous cycle control.

(12) The distance between the two shift fork rods is greater than the axial length of the drive gear, which can provide inertial buffering for the reverse movement of the drive gear.

(13) The distance between the two shift fork rods is greater than the axial length of the drive gear, and the length longer than the drive gear is the margin of the distance between the two shift fork rods relative to the length of the drive gear. Due to the existence of the above margin, the swing rod is When in the vertical state, the two shift fork rods will not be blocked by the drive gear, and the swing rod only needs to rely on inertia when it crosses its vertical state.

(14) The transmission gear is coaxial with the first gear, and the second gear meshes with the transmission gear, realizing the reverse rotation of the first gear and the second gear.

(15) The first spring on the first stop mechanism can reset the displaced stop lever in time.

(16) The handle can pull up the stop lever on the manual stop mechanism, so that the bump blocked by the right-angled surface on the manual stop mechanism can be released from the restraint, and the lever can continue to move left and right. As long as the mechanism is not pulled up, it can only Do single-period exercises.

(17) The position set by the manual stop mechanism can block the bump at the position where the drive gear is just between the first gear and the second gear, and the drive gear is disengaged at this time.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of the sleeve and stop rod of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional structural view of stop mechanism of the present invention;

In the figure: 1, the first gear, 2, the second gear, 3, the driving gear, 4, the driving shaft, 5, the feather key, 6, the transmission gear, 7, the driving lever, 8, the fork lever, 9, the cover block , 10, screw rod, 11, screw sleeve, 12, bent rod, 13, sleeve, 14, sleeve rod, 15, swing rod, 16, first rotating shaft, 17, second rotating shaft, 18, third rotating shaft, 19, Counterweight plate, 20, block, 21, first stop mechanism, 22, stop lever, 23, first spring, 24, second spring, 25, wedge-shaped head, 26, wedge-shaped surface, 27, right-angled surface, 28, Manual stop mechanism, 29, protrusion, 30, handle, 31, fixed plate, 32, bolt locking device.

Detailed ways

The present invention will now be further described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, only illustrating the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, so it only shows the composition related to the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, a single-cycle reciprocating mechanism under the action of gravitational potential energy includes: a driving mechanism and a toggle mechanism connected by a shift fork lever 8, and the driving mechanism includes a driving mechanism that can be connected to the first gear 1 and the first gear respectively. The driving gear 3 engaged with the second gear 2, the driving gear 3 is slidably arranged on the driving shaft 4, and the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 rotate in opposite directions; Two shift fork levers 8, two shift fork levers 8 are located outside the two ends of the drive gear 3 respectively; to the movement.

One end of the drive shaft 4 is provided with a screw rod 10, and the screw sleeve 11 connected to the bent rod 12 is threaded on the screw rod 10; the screw rod 10 drives the structure of the screw sleeve 11, and then the screw sleeve 11 provides a power source for the toggle mechanism. The direction of rotation is related to the meshing object of the drive gear 3, so the direction of motion of the screw sleeve 11 is related to the direction of rotation of the drive shaft 4, and the direction of rotation of the drive shaft 4 is controlled by the toggle mechanism; During the cycle movement process, the toggle mechanism and the drive mechanism continuously affect the continuous cycle control.

The first rotating shaft 16, the second rotating shaft 17 and the third rotating shaft 18 are arranged in turn on the swing rod 15, the swing rod 15 is connected to the shift lever 7 through the first rotating shaft 16, the swing rod 15 is connected to the sleeve rod 14 through the second rotating shaft 17, and the sleeve rod 14 Coaxially socketed in the sleeve 13, the other end of the sleeve 13 is connected to the bent rod 12, and the swing rod 15 located at the second rotating shaft 17 is provided with a counterweight plate 19, and the swing rod 15 rotates through the third rotating shaft 18; A first stop mechanism 21 is provided on the barrel 13 , and the first stop mechanism 21 can be buckled to limit the relative position between the sleeve rod 14 and the sleeve 13 . The first rotating shaft 16, the second rotating shaft 17 and the third rotating shaft 18 cooperate with each other, so that the swing rod 15 can rotate with the third rotating shaft 18 as the center of a circle, and drive the shift lever 7 to move left and right, and then drive the shift fork rod 8 to follow the shift rod 7 to move left and right .

Through the action of the toggle mechanism, the position of the driving gear 3 can be changed between the first gear 1 and the second gear 2, which plays the role of changing the meshing object of the driving gear 3. At the same time, due to the rotation of the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 The direction is opposite to ensure that the drive shaft 4 changes the direction of rotation each time the drive gear 3 changes the meshing object.

The rotation direction of the drive shaft 4 and the toggle direction of the toggle mechanism just form a linkage structure. When the drive gear 3 meshes with the first gear 1, the toggle mechanism is driven by the drive shaft 4 so that the toggle mechanism has the ability to turn the drive gear 3 to The inclination and power of the second gear 2, and the final drive gear 3 breaks away from the first gear 1, and drives to mesh with the second gear 2 by virtue of the gravity potential energy of the balance plate 19 on the swing bar 15; otherwise the drive gear 3 and the second gear 2 When engaged, the toggle mechanism will cause the drive gear 3 to move in reverse.

During the left and right movement of the shift lever 7, the shift fork lever 8 continuously pushes the drive gear 3 to move left and right along the drive shaft 4 through the two shift fork levers 8 to change the meshing object.

Three states when the fork 15 is biased toward the first gear 1 side, the fork 15 is in the vertical state and the fork 15 has just crossed the vertical state and deflected to the second gear 2 side for a section of two shift fork rods 8 margin distances, Both the stop rods 22 clamp the sleeve rod 14 and the sleeve 13; after the swing rod 15 is deflected to the second gear 2 for a certain distance, the stretching length of the second spring 24 becomes larger and larger, and the stop rod 22 is pulled out for a certain distance at this time, and the sleeve The rod 14 is slidable relative to the sleeve 13 .

When the driving gear 3 meshes with the first gear 1 , the pendulum 15 is biased toward the first gear 1 ; when the driving gear 3 is meshed with the second gear 2 , the pendulum 15 is biased toward the second gear 2 . When the driving gear 3 meshes with the first gear 1, the swing rod 15 is shifted towards the first gear 1 side, at this time, the weight plate 19 gives the swing rod 15 a pulling force to the side shifted to it due to gravity, and the screw sleeve 11 is The screw rod 10 drives away from the first gear 1, and then the curved rod 12 pulls the sleeve 13 to move. At this time, because the first stop mechanism 21 clamps the sleeve rod 14 in the sleeve 13, the sleeve rod 14 will not slide relative to the sleeve 13 until The swing bar 15 is pulled beyond its vertical position and begins to deviate towards the second gear 2 side. At this time, the stop bar 22 of the first stop mechanism 21 is pulled out by the second spring 24 for an end distance, so the sleeve bar 14 is opposite to the sleeve. The sleeve 13 slides until the sleeve rod 14 is completely inserted into the sleeve 13, the sum of the lengths of the sleeve rod 14 and the sleeve 13 is the minimum at this time, because the inertia screw sleeve 11 continues to move, and due to the gravity of the weight plate 19 , the swing lever 15 can push the lever 7 to the side of the second gear 2, and finally push the driving gear 3 to mesh with the second gear 2; then the driving shaft 4 rotates because the driving gear 3 meshes with the second gear 2 Reverse, so the movement of the screw sleeve 11 is also reversed. At this time, the sleeve rod 14 driven by the curved rod 12 pushes the swing rod 15 in the opposite direction, and then the shift rod 7 is reversely driven, and the swing rod 15 is deflected toward the first gear 1. After crossing its vertical position, it shifts to the side of the first gear 1. At this time, due to the gravity effect of the counterweight plate 19, the swing rod 15 extracts the sleeve rod 14 from the sleeve 13, and the connection between the sleeve rod 14 and the sleeve 13 The sum of the lengths is the largest, and then the pulling force of the second spring 24 gradually decreases, and the stop rod 22 blocks the sleeve rod 14 and the sleeve 13 to be relatively fixed.

The first stop mechanism 21 comprises a stop bar 22 with a wedge-shaped head 25 at one end and a first spring 23 that is enclosed within the stop bar 22. The wedge-shaped head 25 of the stop bar 22 stretches into the sleeve 13, and the other end of the stop bar 22 extends Outside the sleeve 13, the two ends of the first spring 23 are respectively fixed on the outer wall of the sleeve 13 and the stop rod 22. The first spring 23 on the first stop mechanism 21 can reset the displaced stop rod 22 in time.

One end of the second spring 24 is fixedly arranged, and the other end is connected to one end of the stop rod 22 .

When the second spring 24 is obliquely stretched long enough, the wedge-shaped head 25 is out of contact with the sleeve rod 14 in the sleeve 13, and the swing rod 15 can insert or pull the sleeve rod 14 into or out of the sleeve due to the gravitational potential energy of the counterweight plate 19. 13.

Both sides of the free end of the swing rod 15 are respectively provided with a stopper 20 . The setting of the stopper 20 ensures that the lower end of the swing rod 15 will not deviate beyond the range, that is, the swing rod 15 will not cause the shifting rod 7 to move too far.

The distance between the two shift fork rods 8 is greater than the axial length of the drive gear 3, which can provide inertia buffering for the reverse movement of the drive gear 3, and the distance between the two shift fork rods 8 is greater than the axial length of the drive gear 3. Length, longer than the length of the drive gear 3 is the length margin of the distance between the two shift fork levers 8 relative to the drive gear 3, due to the existence of the above margin, when the fork 15 is in a vertical state, the two shift fork levers 8 are not Can be blocked by drive gear 3, only need to get final product by virtue of inertia when fork 15 crosses its vertical state.

The two ends of the driving rod 7 are respectively slidably socketed on the respective corresponding sets of blocks 9. The sets of blocks 9 can limit the movement posture of the driving rod 7, and at the same time, the stoppers 20 can limit the swing rod 15 driven by the gravity of the weight plate 19 to a certain position. Within the swing range, the movement range of the driving lever 7 is also limited to ensure that the driving lever 7 will not deviate excessively from left to right, and only ensure that the driving gear 3 changes the meshing distance between the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 .

The sliding key 5 of the driving gear 3 is arranged on the driving shaft 4 , and the moving distance of the driving gear 3 on the sliding key 5 of the driving shaft 4 is the axial distance between the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 . On the one hand, the structure of the feather key 5 can ensure that there is a clamp limit between the drive gear 3 and the drive shaft 4 along the circumference of the drive shaft 4, so that the drive gear 3 will not move relative to the drive shaft 4 along the circumference; The driving gear 3 can slide along the axial direction of the driving shaft 4 to ensure that the driving gear 3 moves between the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 .

The first gear 1 is coaxially connected with the transmission gear 6 , and the transmission gear 6 meshes with the second gear 2 . The transmission gear 6 is coaxial with the first gear 1 , and the second gear 2 meshes with the transmission gear 6 , realizing the reverse rotation of the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 .

The end of stop bar 22 on the manual stop mechanism 28 is provided with handle 30, and handle 30 can pull up stop bar 22 on the manual stop mechanism 28, and the projection 29 blocked by right-angled surface 27 on the manual stop mechanism 28 can break away from like this Restraint, driving lever 7 just can continue to move left and right, as long as do not pull up this mechanism just can only do single-cycle motion. The position provided by the manual stop mechanism 28 can block the protrusion 29 at the position where the driving gear 3 is just located between the first gear 1 and the second gear 2, and the driving gear 3 is disengaged at this moment.

Manual stop mechanism 28 comprises a stop bar 22 and a fixed plate 31 that one end has wedge-shaped head 25, and fixed plate 31 is connected with a sleeve block 9, and the wedge-shaped head 25 of stop bar 22 stretches out fixed plate 31 one face outsides, and stop bar 22 The other end is sleeved with the outside of the other surface of the first spring 23 protruding from the fixed plate 31. The two ends of the first spring 23 are respectively fixed on the fixed plate 31 and the stop bar 22. The wedge-shaped head 25 includes a wedge-shaped surface 26 and a right-angled surface 27. .

As shown in Figure 1, projection 29 can only cross the wedge-shaped surface 26 on the manual stop mechanism 28 from the left side of manual stop mechanism 28 and reach the right side of manual stop mechanism 28, but projection 29 cannot reach the right side of manual stop mechanism 28 from the right side of manual stop mechanism 28. The side crosses the right-angled surface 27 on the manual stop mechanism 28 and reaches the left side of the manual stop mechanism 28.

The curved rod 12 is provided with a bolt locking device 32 at its corner, and the part of the curved rod 12 parallel to the drive shaft 4 can be inserted into the inner hole of the bolt locking device 32 and slide in the inner hole. The bolt locking device 32 The bolts on the top are screwed in and screwed out to control the tightness; by adjusting the relative position of the bent rod 12 and the bolt locking device 32, the position adjustment of the bent rod 12 to the shift fork rod 8 can be realized, so as to adjust the shifting of the shift fork rod 8 to the driving gear. timing.

The driving rod 7 can only move along the axial direction of the driving rod 7 itself under the restriction of the cover block 9, but the driving rod 7 cannot rotate along the axial direction of the driving rod itself in the cover block 9, so that the movement on the driving rod 7 is ensured. The shift fork lever 8 can not turn to, and it has also ensured that the shift fork lever 8 can be moved to the drive gear 3 on its motion track.

The above is inspired by the ideal embodiment of the present invention. Through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications within the scope of not departing from the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A single-period reciprocating mechanism acting on gravitational potential energy, comprising: a drive mechanism and a toggle mechanism connected by a fork lever, characterized in that, - the drive mechanism can drive the drive gear to rotate forward and reverse; - The toggling mechanism includes a sliding lever, on which two fork levers are arranged, and the two fork levers are respectively located outside the two ends of the drive gear; one end of the drive shaft is provided with a screw, connected to the The screw sleeve is threadedly socketed on the screw rod; The first rotating shaft, the second rotating shaft and the third rotating shaft are arranged in turn on the swing rod, the swing rod is connected to the shift rod through the first rotating shaft, the swing rod is connected to the sleeve rod through the second rotating shaft, and the sleeve rod is coaxially sleeved on the sleeve Inside the barrel, the other end of the sleeve is connected to the bent rod, and a counterweight plate is arranged on the swing rod at the second rotating shaft, and the swing rod rotates through the third rotating shaft; the sleeve is provided with a first The stop mechanism, the first stop mechanism can be buckled to limit the relative position between the sleeve rod and the sleeve, and the shift lever is also provided with a projection, and the projection is engaged with the manual stop mechanism. 2. The single-period reciprocating mechanism of a kind of gravitational potential energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: - when the drive gear meshes with the first gear, the swing link is biased toward the first gear; - when the driving gear meshes with the second gear, the swing link is biased towards the second gear. 3. A single-cycle reciprocating mechanism with gravitational potential energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: said first stop mechanism comprises a stop rod with a wedge-shaped head at one end and a first stop rod sleeved on said stop rod. A spring, the wedge-shaped head of the stop rod extends into the sleeve, the other end of the stop rod extends outside the sleeve, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively fixed on the outer wall of the sleeve and the stop rod superior. 4. A single-cycle reciprocating mechanism with gravitational potential energy according to claim 3, characterized in that: one end of the second spring is fixedly arranged, and the other end is connected to one end of the stop rod. 5. A single-cycle reciprocating mechanism acting on gravitational potential energy according to claim 4, characterized in that: when the second spring is obliquely stretched long enough, the wedge-shaped head and the sleeve in the sleeve The lever is out of contact and the swing lever is able to insert or pull the sleeve rod into or out of the sleeve due to the gravitational potential of the weight plate. 6 . The single-cycle reciprocating mechanism with gravitational potential energy according to claim 1 , wherein a stopper is provided on both sides of the free end of the swing rod. 7. The single-cycle reciprocating mechanism of a kind of gravitational potential energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the manual stop mechanism includes a stop bar with a wedge-shaped head at one end and a fixed plate, and the wedge-shaped head of the stop bar protruding from one side of the fixing plate, the other end of the stop rod is sleeved with a first spring protruding from the other side of the fixing plate, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively fixed on the fixing plate and the stop on the rod; the wedge-shaped head includes a wedge-shaped surface and a right-angled surface, and the right-angled surface is parallel to the axis of the gear lever. 8 . The single-cycle reciprocating mechanism under the action of gravitational potential energy according to claim 1 , characterized in that: the two ends of the driving rod are respectively slidably socketed on the respective corresponding blocks. 9. A single-cycle reciprocating mechanism with gravitational potential energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drive gear feather key is arranged on the drive shaft, and the drive gear moves on the drive shaft feather key The distance is the axial distance between the first gear and the second gear. 10. A single-cycle reciprocating mechanism with gravitational potential energy according to claim 9, characterized in that: said driving mechanism comprises a first gear and a second gear respectively capable of meshing with a driving gear, and said driving gear is slidably arranged On the drive shaft, the first gear and the second gear rotate in opposite directions; The first gear is coaxially connected with a transmission gear, and the transmission gear meshes with the second gear.