A kind of utilization flue energy-saving saves the ammonia desulfurizing process of fund simultaneously
(1) art
Save the ammonia process of desulfurization work of fund simultaneously the present invention relates to environment protection desulphurization field, especially a kind of utilization flue energy-saving
Skill.
(2) background technology
The advantage of the ammonia process of desulfurization is no residue contamination, and ammonia-process desulfurization technique the most frequently used in the world is still the U.S. at present
GE companies double tower technology and NKK's NKK techniques, domestic many ammonia process of desulfurizations are also close with NKK technologies, such as East China reason
The patent (application number 200510023222.6) of work university, content is:Desulfurizing tower includes the tower body of cylindrical type or rectangle;In desulfurization
Tower sets absorber portion;Central dividing plate is set below absorber portion, dividing plate is provided with the air rising hole risen for flue gas;In central dividing plate
Lower section sets humidifying cooling section;Bottom below humidifying cooling section sets dividing plate, the cavity between lower partition and humidifying cooling section
For sulphur ammonium crystallized region, the cavity between lower partition and tower body bottom is oxidation panel;Smoke inlet be arranged on humidifying cooling section with
Between sulphur ammonium crystallized region.
NKK technologies are that desulfurizing tower is divided longitudinally into upper, middle and lower segment, i.e. absorber portion, crystallized region, oxidation panel from top to bottom,
And the technology of East China University of Science is then that a humidifying cooling section is increased between absorber portion and crystallized region, belong to NKK
Identical type.The schematic flow sheet of the ammonia process of desulfurization of NKK and East China University of Science is as shown in figure 1, it is seen in fig. 1, that flue gas
Delivery pipe is entered from the height at the middle part of desulfurizing tower about 1/4~1/3, if the height of desulfurizing tower is 50 meters, delivery pipe
Height between 12 meters~17 meters.Because NKK technologies reduce occupation of land than the double tower technology of GE companies of the U.S., flue gas is also caused
Operation it is no longer up and down reciprocatingly tortuous so that flue gas operation is more unobstructed, secondary pressurized blower fan is eliminated, so in front in the world
Using most.But the desulfurizing tower of this upper, middle and lower layering there is also weak point, compared with double tower, tower body needs to increase,
Otherwise desulfurized effect is not reached, for the coal-burning boiler of medium-scale steam power plant, the effective depth of desulfurizing tower is generally
50 meters or so, diameter 6-10 meters, because tower body increases so also increasing therewith the intensity requirement of structure, the height of tower body
Increase the lift for also inevitably enlarging circulating pump, so as to increased power consumption;Also one shortcoming for being difficult to overcome, be exactly each section all
Need to be separated with dividing plate, flue gas needs to be upward through dividing plate, is run up by air rising hole, and air rising hole seriously hinders flue gas
Operation, does not allow trickling downwards due to liquid, it is necessary to carry out oxidation processes on dividing plate, so needing to increase above air rising hole
If the gas cap for only being passed through for flue gas, this necessarily increases the resistance of flue gas, as an orifice plate has been put into inside pipeline, is formed
Bottleneck effect, and make complicated, moreover, high-order liquid is top-heavy as high-order water tower, forces desulfurizing tower
Structure strengthen again, cost is also enhanced again.
(3) content of the invention
In order to overcome that NKK desulfurization technological investments are big, power consumption is high and air rising hole hinders the problem of flue gas operation, the present invention to provide
A kind of equipment is simple, low cost small to flue gas circulating resistance, the method for saving electric energy, i.e., a kind of to utilize the flue energy-saving same time
The ammonia desulfurizing process of province's fund.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:A part for conveying flue is transformed into
Desulfurization case with desulfurizing function, the tall and big desulfurizing tower of substitution equipment, it is characterized in that being changed using the position below flue gas delivery pipe
Make, so being not take up space, desulfurization case is characterized in be divided into 3 sections in the horizontal direction, be respectively condensing crystallizing section, main suction
Section, cleaning section are received, tail end is provided with dehydrater, the bottom of each section is provided with circulating slot, and inside is provided with the shower nozzle of upward direction, outside
Circulating pump is correspondingly provided with, circulating pump drives fluids through pipeline and sprayed to shower nozzle so that each section forms sealing and circulating shape
State;The inside of condensing crystallizing section circulating slot is provided with two position controller, the magnetic valve for controlling condensate make-up piping, flue gas water
It is flat to travel through this 3 sections, contacted with the liquid sprayed from each section of shower nozzle, the sulfur dioxide in flue gas by liquid absorption,
Last peace and quiet flue gas is discharged by chimney, and due to low cost, so the length for somewhat lengthening desulfurization case just can be thorough
Scrubbing CO_2.
The clearance of sulfur dioxide in flue gas is relevant with the length of device, also with the spraying intensity and absorbing liquid of absorbing liquid
PH value it is relevant.Device of the invention is only that the conveying box of flue gas is transformed, so taking up an area small, small investment, energy-conservation, it sets
Standby layout drawing is shown in Fig. 2;Due to NKK techniques desulfurizing tower its be highly enlarged, do not reach desulfurized effect if highly relatively low, and
And the top of tower, middle part and bottom are with the presence of liquid, so make must be firm, the requirement to intensity and material is very high, makes
Obtaining cost increases;And its cost of desulfurization case of the invention only has 1/3~1/4 of desulfurizing tower or so, because the height of device
Reduce so also low to the intensity requirement of material, it is the conveyance conduit that desulfurization case only takes up original flue gas to reduce the reason for taking up an area
Region, energy-conservation is even more more than 4 times.
Its liquid level of the circulating slot of each section is different in the desulfurization case, the circulating slot liquid level of cleaning section higher than main absorber portion and
The circulating slot liquid level of condensing crystallizing section, unnecessary liquid can overflow to main absorber portion in cleaning section circulating slot, in main absorber portion
Unnecessary liquid can overflow to condensing crystallizing section.
Described shower nozzle injection direction is top, and the purpose sprayed upward is to allow liquid injection to close to desulfurization case
The position at top, then turns around downwards, circulating slot to be dropped in the form of freely falling body, and the effect sprayed upward is mainly energy
Enough ensure that the upper and lower concentration of liquid (or absorbing liquid, circulation fluid) of injection in desulfurization case is consistent, so that the top and bottom of flue gas
Portion all by liquid uniform pickup, next to that upwards injection can also extend absorbing liquid in desulfurization case with the time of smoke contacts,
So as to improve the concentration of product (ammonium sulfate, ammonium sulfite) in absorbing liquid;Direction injection to the front upwards, in order to support
The kinetic energy of imperial flue gas operation blows to absorbing liquid, to ensure that liquid falls back to origin;Assuming that the clear height of desulfurization case flue gas partial
Degree is 10 meters, and jet velocity is 1m/s, if shower nozzle sprays from the top down of desulfurization case, its residence time only has 0.6 second left side
The right side, and liquid is ejected into summit upwards, then drops down onto circulating slot down again, its time of theoretical calculation is 2 seconds or so, and is actually measured
Residence time is 2.2 seconds, and residence time has been extended 3.7 times, and such absorptivity is increased substantially, and the purification of flue gas is also more thorough
Bottom.
The circulation trench bottom of the condensing crystallizing section is tapered, it is therefore an objective to is easy to the sedimentation of crystal and collects, Er Qieyou
Beneficial to liquid radiating, because the temperature of liquid needs to reduce just is beneficial to sulfur dioxide absorption to a certain extent;At the top of circulating slot
The circulating slot of main absorber portion is highly slightly less than, the liquid for consuming is supplemented from main absorber portion overflow;Crystal is conveyed
The import of pump is connected with circulating slot conical lower portion, and the magma (mixture of liquid and crystal) that will be deposited on circulating slot is transported to down
One system carries out separation of solid and liquid and drying;The inside of circulating slot is provided with two position controller, the two position controller
Signal is used to control the open degree of supplement water solenoid valve door, and supplement water solenoid valve is located above the condensate make-up piping outside cleaning section,
When liquid level is in extreme lower position, the open degree of valve is maximum, the valve closing when liquid level is in a high position;The top of circulating slot sets
Have forward upward to shower nozzle;The import of circulating pump connects the middle part of circulating slot, and outlet connection shower nozzle is so as to form closed cycle;
Flue gas is horizontally through the section, and from shower nozzle ejection is with certain density ammoniacal liquor, concentration sulfuric acid imonium higher and a small amount of sulphur
The liquid mixture of sour ammonium, these liquid constantly sulfur dioxide absorption in cyclic process, while being collected at following for taper
In annular groove, the ammonium sulfite in liquid is oxidized gas and is oxidized into ammonium sulfate again;The import of crystal delivery pump and circulating slot taper
Bottom connects, and the magma mixture of crystal (liquid with) that will be deposited on circulating slot is transported to next system and carries out solid-liquid point
From;The liquid being consumed is supplemented from the liquid of main absorber portion again.
The circulating slot of main absorber portion bottom, its top is slightly larger than bottom, it is therefore an objective to which the surface area for expanding circulating slot is beneficial to
Radiating, and the height at top is slightly less than the circulating slot of cleaning section, while a little higher than concentration absorber portion, makes the liquid that this section is consumed
Can be supplemented from cleaning section overflow, at the same also can overflow go supplement condensing crystallizing section in consume liquid;Circulating slot
Top is provided with upward shower nozzle, and shower nozzle is connected by pipeline with the circulating pump outside circulating slot, and the import connection of circulating pump is followed
The bottom of annular groove, the outlet of circulating pump connects the shower nozzle inside this main absorber portion, so as to form closed cycle.
The circulating slot of cleaning section bottom, top is slightly larger than bottom, it is therefore an objective to which the surface area for increasing circulating slot is beneficial to radiating,
The highly a little higher than main absorber portion at top, enables the liquid that main absorber portion is consumed to be supplemented from the overflow of this cleaning section;
The top of circulating slot be provided with forward upward to shower nozzle, a part of shower nozzle by pipeline with outside circulating slot circulating pump connect
Connect, the import of circulating pump connects the bottom of circulating slot, so as to form closed cycle, some shower nozzle connects with fresh water pipeline
Connect, used as the supplement water of desulfurization case, the magnetic valve for supplementing water is concentrated the signal of crystallized region two position controller and is controlled.When
The open degree of valve is maximum when liquid level is in extreme lower position, the valve closing when liquid level is in a high position.Circulation fluid and supplement water are total to
Same-action, the sulfur dioxide that can thoroughly absorb the ammonia of escape and escape.
(4) illustrate:
Fig. 1 is the ammonia-process desulfurization technique flow simplified schematic diagram of NKK and East China University of Science;
Fig. 2 is process chart of the invention;
In Fig. 2:1. flue gas delivery pipe, 2. desulfurization casing, 201. cleaning sections supplement sprinkler head, 202. clear water supplement water pipe
Road, 203. solenoid electric valves, 301. cleaning sections circulation shower nozzle, 302. cleaning section circulating slots, 303. cleaning section circulating pumps, 304. is clear
Wash a section circulating line, 401. absorber portion ammoniacal liquor shower nozzles, 402. absorber portion circulating slots, 403. absorber portion circulating pumps, 404. absorber portions
Circulating line, 405. absorber portion ammoniacal liquor conveyance conduits, 501. condensing crystallizings section shower nozzle, 502. condensing crystallizings section circulating slot, 503.
Condensing crystallizing section circulating pump, 504 condensing crystallizings section circulating line, 505. condensing crystallizings section ammoniacal liquor supplement pipeline, 506. magmas are defeated
Go out pipeline, 6. aoxidize feed channel, 7. dehydrater, 8. chimney.
(5) specific embodiment:
Technological process is as shown in Fig. 2 in fig. 2, pending flue gas is conveyed through flue gas from left to right in the direction of the arrow
Pipe (1), into desulfurization casing (2), the absorbing liquid for being sprayed with condensing crystallizing section shower nozzle (501) first is contacted, this section of absorbing liquid
In composition be mainly ammoniacal liquor and concentration ammonium sulfite higher, in addition also have and ammonium sulfate composition, ammoniacal liquor therein and
Ammonium sulfite all absorbs to sulfur dioxide, is stripped of most sulfur dioxide.Then flue gas continues along desulfurization case level
Run to the right to main absorber portion, the absorbing liquid sprayed with main absorber portion shower nozzle (401) is contacted, and the liquid of main absorber portion is mainly
The ammonium sulfate of ammoniacal liquor, the ammonium sulfite of low concentration and low concentration, completes to the sulfur dioxide of remainder in flue gas
Removing, by this two-grade desulfurizing, sulfur dioxide is removed clean.Then flue gas is further continued for being run to the left to clear along desulfurization case level
Section is washed, the clear water sprayed with cleaning section circulation shower nozzle (301) and clear water supplement sprinkler head (201) is contacted, and is used to wash
The ammonia of escape and the sulfur dioxide of escape is washed, last peace and quiet flue gas is discharged into chimney.
The operation of liquid (or absorbing liquid) is then to be circulated absorption with oxidation in each section respectively;In condensing crystallizing
Section, the absorbing liquid sprayed from shower nozzle (501) is collected in circulating slot (502), then is driven by circulating pump (503), by pipeline
(504) shower nozzle (501) ejection is delivered to again, carries out reciprocation cycle;Constantly sulfur dioxide absorption, sulfurous in cyclic process
Sour ammonium concentration gradually increases, and the ammonium sulfite of generation is by oxidizing gas (mainly air) oxygen from oxidation feed channel (6) ejection
Change, generate ammonium sulfate product, ammonium sulfate forms crystallization suspension after reaching finite concentration, magma output channel is then passed through again
(506) crystallization suspension is delivered to next process carries out separation of solid and liquid treatment, and the ammonium sulfate crystallization being separated passes through
After drying process, can be sold as agrochemical;Separate liquid returns again to circulating slot (502) recycling;Ammoniacal liquor source
Source constantly supplements pipeline (505) and circulation fluid is supplemented by condensing crystallizing section ammoniacal liquor, and the circulation fluid for consuming is then from following
Annular groove (402) overflow is supplemented, and liquid magnitude of recruitment is controlled by the fluid level controller (505) being located in circulating slot (502), liquid level
Controller (505) can be carried out being turned on or off clear water supplement valve (203) according to the low-output signal high of liquid level, to protect
Hold liquid level and be in poised state automatically.
In main absorber portion, liquid sprays from shower nozzle (401), is then collected in circulating slot (402), then by circulating pump
(403) drive, being delivered to shower nozzle (401) by pipeline (404) reuses;Gradually increase in cyclic process sulfite ammonium concentration
Greatly, the oxidizing gas oxidation that the ammonium sulfite of generation is sprayed from oxidation feed channel (6) again, generates ammonium sulfate weak solution, ammoniacal liquor
Continuously circulation fluid is supplemented by pipeline (405), the liquid for consuming then is supplemented from circulating slot (302) overflow, many
Remaining liquid then overflows to circulating slot (502) and goes, and liquid level is kept balance automatically.
In cleaning section, liquid is divided to two strands, and a portion is supplement water, and being delivered to shower nozzle (201) by pipeline (202) sprays
Go out, another part is recirculated water, being delivered to shower nozzle (301) by pipeline (304) sprays;This two strands of liquid being ejected together are received
Collection drives in circulating slot (302), then by circulating pump (303), and being delivered to shower nozzle (301) by pipeline (304) reuses;
Liquid constantly absorbs the ammonia of escape and the sulfur dioxide of escape in cyclic process, and amount of makeup water is controlled by valve (203), valve
(203) signal deciding that open and close are sent by fluid level controller (505), unnecessary liquid flooding to circulating slot (402)
Go, the water smoke that peace and quiet flue gas is taken away is intercepted by dehydrater.
Energy saving comparison, for middle-size and small-size thermal power plant boiler, the height of desulfurizing tower is generally 50 meters or so, the lift of circulating pump
50 meters should be more than, and desulfurization case of the invention is highly generally 10 meters or so, so the lift of circulating pump is only with 10 meters,
The liquid of same traffic, its circulating pump energy-conservation is more than 5 times;Again because height reduces nearly 5 times, and liquid is all minimum
Place, so the intensity that material is born is reduced at double, wall thickness is also relative to be greatly reduced, and is installed and is very easy to;Desulfurization case is square
Shape, manufacture of being more convenient for.