CN105090848A - Solar LED street lamp with automatic charging control function - Google Patents
Solar LED street lamp with automatic charging control function Download PDFInfo
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- CN105090848A CN105090848A CN201510638112.4A CN201510638112A CN105090848A CN 105090848 A CN105090848 A CN 105090848A CN 201510638112 A CN201510638112 A CN 201510638112A CN 105090848 A CN105090848 A CN 105090848A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S8/00—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation
- F21S8/08—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard
- F21S8/085—Lighting devices intended for fixed installation with a standard of high-built type, e.g. street light
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S9/00—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply
- F21S9/02—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator
- F21S9/03—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator rechargeable by exposure to light
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S9/00—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply
- F21S9/02—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator
- F21S9/026—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a battery or accumulator rechargeable by using wind power, e.g. using wind turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
- F21S9/00—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply
- F21S9/04—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a generator
- F21S9/043—Lighting devices with a built-in power supply; Systems employing lighting devices with a built-in power supply the power supply being a generator driven by wind power, e.g. by wind turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V23/00—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices
- F21V23/003—Arrangement of electric circuit elements in or on lighting devices the elements being electronics drivers or controllers for operating the light source, e.g. for a LED array
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F21V33/00—Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
- H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F21—LIGHTING
- F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
- F21W2131/10—Outdoor lighting
- F21W2131/103—Outdoor lighting of streets or roads
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/72—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps in street lighting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及LED照明领域,尤其涉及一种自动化充电控制的太阳能LED路灯。The invention relates to the field of LED lighting, in particular to a solar LED street lamp with automatic charging control.
背景技术Background technique
现有技术中,也出现了一些通过太阳能对LED路灯进行供电的技术方案,虽然,该技术方案在一定程度了进一步提高了LED路灯的节能等级,但是,在提高LED路灯节能能力的同时,牺牲了LED路灯的可靠性,例如,在太阳能不足的环境下,LED路灯会在某些时段出现供电不足的情况。In the prior art, there are also some technical solutions for powering LED street lamps through solar energy. Although this technical solution further improves the energy-saving level of LED street lamps to a certain extent, it sacrifices This affects the reliability of LED street lights. For example, in an environment where solar energy is insufficient, LED street lights will have insufficient power supply at certain times.
为此,本发明提出了一种自动化充电控制的太阳能LED路灯,能够将风能供电电路引入到现有的太阳能LED路灯中,优化和兼容现有的风能供电电路和太阳能供电电路,通过设定机制实时进行风能供电电路和太阳能供电电路的切换,从而兼顾LED路灯的节能效果和可靠性。For this reason, the present invention proposes a solar LED street lamp with automatic charging control, which can introduce the wind energy power supply circuit into the existing solar LED street lamp, optimize and be compatible with the existing wind energy power supply circuit and solar power supply circuit, and through the setting mechanism Real-time switch between wind power supply circuit and solar power supply circuit, so as to take into account the energy-saving effect and reliability of LED street lamps.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决现有技术存在的技术问题,本发明提供了一种自动化充电控制的太阳能LED路灯,首先,改善现有的太阳能供电电路,将风能供电电路引入到LED路灯的供电体系中,搭建兼容二者的LED供电结构,其次,利用实时时钟芯片产生的当前系统时间进行太阳能供电电路和风能供电电路之间的切换,保证LED路灯在各种天气环境下都能进行正常照明。In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a solar LED street lamp with automatic charging control. Secondly, the current system time generated by the real-time clock chip is used to switch between the solar power supply circuit and the wind power supply circuit, so as to ensure that the LED street lamps can be illuminated normally under various weather conditions.
根据本发明的一方面,提供了一种自动化充电控制的太阳能LED路灯,所述LED路灯包括LED灯管、飞思卡尔IMX6处理器、实时时钟芯片、光电池和铅酸蓄电池,光电池为铅酸蓄电池充电,充电后的铅酸蓄电池为飞思卡尔IMX6处理器、实时时钟芯片和LED灯管提供电力供应,飞思卡尔IMX6处理器与实时时钟芯片连接,根据实时时钟芯片提供的当前的系统时间控制光电池对铅酸蓄电池的充电。According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar LED street lamp with automatic charging control, the LED street lamp includes an LED lamp tube, a Freescale IMX6 processor, a real-time clock chip, a photocell and a lead-acid battery, and the photocell is a lead-acid battery Charging, the charged lead-acid battery provides power supply for the Freescale IMX6 processor, real-time clock chip and LED lamp, and the Freescale IMX6 processor is connected to the real-time clock chip, and is controlled according to the current system time provided by the real-time clock chip Photovoltaic charging of lead-acid batteries.
更具体地,在所述自动化充电控制的太阳能LED路灯中,还包括:实时时钟芯片,产生当前的系统时间,并在当前的系统时间在预设白天时间段内时,发出白天判断信号,在当前的系统时间在预设黑夜时间段内时,发出黑夜判断信号;光电池,设置在灯架顶部,具有电能输出接口,用于输出光电池将太阳能转换后的电能,电能输出接口包括输出正端和输出负端;瞬态电压抑制器,并联在电能输出接口的输出正端和输出负端之间;第一电阻,其一端连接电能输出接口的输出正端,其另一端连接第二电阻的一端;第二电阻,其另一端连接电能输出接口的输出负端;升力风机主结构,设置在灯架顶部,包括三个叶片、偏航设备、轮毂和传动设备;三个叶片在风通过时,由于每一个叶片的正反面的压力不等而产生升力,所述升力带动对应叶片旋转;偏航设备与三个叶片连接,用于提供三个叶片旋转的可靠性并解缆;轮毂与三个叶片连接,用于固定三个叶片,以在叶片受力后被带动进行顺时针旋转,将风能转化为低转速的动能;传动设备包括低速轴、齿轮箱、高速轴、支撑轴承、联轴器和盘式制动器,齿轮箱通过低速轴与轮毂连接,通过高速轴与风力发电机连接,用于将轮毂的低转速的动能转化为风力发电机所需要的高转速的动能,联轴器为一柔性轴,用于补偿齿轮箱输出轴和发电机转子的平行性偏差和角度误差,盘式制动器,为一液压动作的盘式制动器,用于机械刹车制动;风力发电机,与升力风机主结构的齿轮箱连接,为一双馈异步发电机,用于将接收到的高转速的动能转化为风力电能,风力发电机包括定子绕组、转子绕组、双向背靠背IGBT电压源变流器和风力发电机输出接口,定子绕组直连风力发电机输出接口,转子绕组通过双向背靠背IGBT电压源变流器与风力发电机输出接口连接,风力发电机输出接口为三相交流输出接口,用于输出风力电能;整流电路,与风力发电机输出接口连接,对风力发电机输出接口输出的三相交流电压进行整流以获得风力直流电压;滤波稳压电路,与整流电路连接以对风力直流电压进行滤波稳压,以输出稳压直流电压;第三电阻和第四电阻,串联后并联在滤波稳压电路的正负二端,第三电阻的一端连接滤波稳压电路的正端,第四电阻的一端连接滤波稳压电路的负端;第一电容和第二电容,串联后并联在滤波稳压电路的正负二端,第一电容的一端连接滤波稳压电路的正端,第二电容的一端连接滤波稳压电路的负端,第一电容的另一端连接第三电阻的另一端,第二电容的另一端连接第四电阻的另一端;第三电容,并联在滤波稳压电路的正负二端;第五电阻,其一端连接滤波稳压电路的正端;第一开关管,为一P沟增强型MOS管,其漏极与第五电阻的另一端连接,其衬底与源极相连,其源极与滤波稳压电路的负端连接;手动卸荷电路,其两端分别与第一开关管的漏极和源极连接;第一防反二极管,其正端与滤波稳压电路的正端连接,其负端与第一开关管的漏极连接;第二开关管,为一P沟增强型MOS管,其漏极与滤波稳压电路的正端连接,其衬底与源极相连;第二防反二极管,其正端与第二开关管的源极连接;第四电容和第五电容,都并联在第二防反二极管的负端和滤波稳压电路的负端之间;第三防反二极管,并联在第二防反二极管的负端和滤波稳压电路的负端之间;第三开关管,为一P沟增强型MOS管,其漏极与第三防反二极管的负端连接,其衬底与源极相连;第四防反二极管,并联在第三开关管的源极和滤波稳压电路的负端之间;第一电感,其一端与第三开关管的源极连接;第六电容和第七电容,都并联在第一电感的另一端和滤波稳压电路的负端之间;第五防反二极管,并联在第一电感的另一端和滤波稳压电路的负端之间;铅酸蓄电池,并联在电能输出接口的输出正端和输出负端之间,同时其正极与第五防反二极管的负极连接,其负极与第五防反二极管的正极连接;继电器,位于LED灯管和铅酸蓄电池之间,通过是否切断LED灯管和铅酸蓄电池之间的连接来控制LED灯管的打开和关闭;光耦,位于继电器和飞思卡尔IMX6处理器之间,用于在飞思卡尔IMX6处理器的控制下,决定继电器的切断操作;电压检测器,用于实时检测铅酸蓄电池的充电电压;电流检测器,用于实时检测铅酸蓄电池的充电电流;太阳能充电控制器,与电能输出接口、铅酸蓄电池、电压检测器和电流检测器分别连接,在检测到电能输出接口对铅酸蓄电池供电时,当接收到的充电电压小于预设蓄电池电压阈值时,采用恒流充电方式对铅酸蓄电池进行充电,当接收到的充电电压大于等于预设蓄电池电压阈值且接收到的充电电流大于等于预设蓄电池电流阈值时,采用恒压充电方式对铅酸蓄电池进行充电,当接收到的充电电压大于等于预设蓄电池电压阈值且接收到的充电电流小于预设蓄电池电流阈值时,采用浮充充电方式对铅酸蓄电池进行充电;飞思卡尔IMX6处理器,与实时时钟芯片连接,当接收到黑夜判断信号,断开电能输出接口对铅酸蓄电池的充电,打通风力发电机输出接口对铅酸蓄电池的充电,当接收到白天判断信号,打通电能输出接口对铅酸蓄电池的充电,断开风力发电机输出接口对铅酸蓄电池的充电;其中,飞思卡尔IMX6处理器还与第二开关管的栅极和第三开关管的栅极分别连接,通过在第二开关管的栅极上施加PWM控制信号,确定第二开关管的通断,以控制风力发电机输出接口对铅酸蓄电池的充电的通断,还通过在第三开关管的栅极上施加占空比可调的PWM控制信号,以控制风力发电机输出接口对铅酸蓄电池的充电电压。More specifically, in the solar LED street lamp with automatic charging control, it also includes: a real-time clock chip, which generates the current system time, and sends out a daytime judgment signal when the current system time is within the preset daytime time period, and at When the current system time is within the preset dark time period, a night judgment signal is sent out; the photocell is set on the top of the light stand and has a power output interface for outputting the power converted by the photocell from solar energy. The power output interface includes output positive terminals and The output negative terminal; the transient voltage suppressor is connected in parallel between the output positive terminal and the output negative terminal of the electric energy output interface; the first resistor, one end of which is connected to the output positive end of the electric energy output interface, and the other end is connected to one end of the second resistor ; the second resistor, the other end of which is connected to the output negative end of the electric energy output interface; the main structure of the lift fan is arranged on the top of the light frame, including three blades, yaw equipment, hub and transmission equipment; when the three blades pass by the wind, Due to the unequal pressure on the front and back of each blade, a lift is generated, and the lift drives the corresponding blade to rotate; the yaw device is connected with the three blades to provide the reliability of the rotation of the three blades and untwisting; the hub is connected to the three The blade connection is used to fix the three blades, so that they are driven to rotate clockwise after the blades are stressed, and the wind energy is converted into low-speed kinetic energy; the transmission equipment includes low-speed shafts, gearboxes, high-speed shafts, support bearings, and couplings And disc brakes, the gearbox is connected to the hub through the low-speed shaft, and connected to the wind turbine through the high-speed shaft, which is used to convert the low-speed kinetic energy of the hub into the high-speed kinetic energy required by the wind turbine. The coupling is a The flexible shaft is used to compensate the parallelism deviation and angle error between the output shaft of the gearbox and the rotor of the generator. The disc brake is a hydraulically operated disc brake used for mechanical braking; the wind generator is connected with the lift fan main The gear box connection of the structure is a double-fed asynchronous generator, which is used to convert the received high-speed kinetic energy into wind power. The wind power generator includes stator windings, rotor windings, bidirectional back-to-back IGBT voltage source converters and wind power generators Output interface, the stator winding is directly connected to the output interface of the wind turbine, and the rotor winding is connected to the output interface of the wind turbine through a bidirectional back-to-back IGBT voltage source converter. The output interface of the wind generator is a three-phase AC output interface for outputting wind power; The rectifier circuit is connected to the output interface of the wind turbine, and rectifies the three-phase AC voltage output by the output interface of the wind turbine to obtain the wind DC voltage; the filtering and stabilizing circuit is connected to the rectifying circuit to filter and stabilize the wind DC voltage, To output a regulated DC voltage; the third resistor and the fourth resistor are connected in series and parallel to the positive and negative ends of the filter voltage regulator circuit, one end of the third resistor is connected to the positive end of the filter voltage regulator circuit, and one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the filter The negative terminal of the voltage stabilizing circuit; the first capacitor and the second capacitor are connected in parallel to the positive and negative terminals of the filter voltage stabilizing circuit in series, one end of the first capacitor is connected to the positive terminal of the filter voltage stabilizing circuit, and one end of the second capacitor is connected to the filter The negative terminal of the voltage regulator circuit, the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the other end of the third resistor, and the other end of the second capacitor is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor ; The third capacitor is connected in parallel with the positive and negative ends of the filter voltage regulator circuit; the fifth resistor, one end of which is connected to the positive end of the filter voltage regulator circuit; the first switch tube is a P-channel enhanced MOS tube, and its drain is The other end of the fifth resistor is connected, its substrate is connected to the source, and its source is connected to the negative end of the filter voltage stabilization circuit; the manual unloading circuit, its two ends are respectively connected to the drain and source of the first switching tube ; The first anti-reverse diode, its positive terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the filter voltage regulator circuit, and its negative terminal is connected to the drain of the first switching tube; the second switching tube is a P-channel enhanced MOS tube, and its drain It is connected to the positive terminal of the filter voltage stabilizing circuit, and its substrate is connected to the source; the second anti-reverse diode, its positive terminal is connected to the source of the second switching tube; the fourth capacitor and the fifth capacitor are connected in parallel to the second between the negative end of the anti-reverse diode and the negative end of the filter and voltage regulator circuit; the third anti-reverse diode is connected in parallel between the negative end of the second anti-reverse diode and the negative end of the filter and voltage regulator circuit; the third switch tube is A P-channel enhanced MOS transistor, whose drain is connected to the negative terminal of the third anti-reverse diode, and whose substrate is connected to the source; the fourth anti-reverse diode is connected in parallel to the source of the third switch tube and the filter voltage regulator circuit between the negative ends of the first inductor; one end of the first inductor is connected to the source of the third switching tube; the sixth capacitor and the seventh capacitor are connected in parallel between the other end of the first inductor and the negative end of the filtering and stabilizing circuit; The fifth anti-reverse diode is connected in parallel between the other end of the first inductance and the negative end of the filtering and stabilizing circuit; the lead-acid battery is connected in parallel between the output positive end and the output negative end of the power output interface, and its positive The negative pole of the fifth anti-reverse diode is connected, and its negative pole is connected to the positive pole of the fifth anti-reverse diode; the relay is located between the LED lamp tube and the lead-acid battery, and the LED is controlled by whether to cut off the connection between the LED lamp tube and the lead-acid battery. The opening and closing of the lamp; the optocoupler, located between the relay and the Freescale IMX6 processor, is used to determine the cut-off operation of the relay under the control of the Freescale IMX6 processor; the voltage detector, used for real-time detection of lead The charging voltage of the acid battery; the current detector is used to detect the charging current of the lead-acid battery in real time; the solar charge controller is connected with the power output interface, the lead-acid battery, the voltage detector and the current detector respectively, and when the power output is detected When the interface supplies power to the lead-acid battery, when the received charging voltage is less than the preset battery voltage threshold, the lead-acid battery is charged in the constant current charging mode; when the received charging voltage is greater than or equal to the preset battery voltage threshold and the received When the charging current is greater than or equal to the preset battery current threshold, the lead-acid battery is charged by constant voltage charging. When the received charging voltage is greater than or equal to the preset battery voltage threshold and the received charging current is less than the preset battery current threshold , charge the lead-acid battery by means of float charging; the Freescale IMX6 processor is connected to the real-time clock chip, when it receives the night judgment signal, it disconnects the power output interface to charge the lead-acid battery, and turns on the output of the wind turbine. The interface charges the lead-acid battery. When the daytime judgment signal is received, the power is turned on. The output interface charges the lead-acid battery, and the output interface of the wind turbine is disconnected to charge the lead-acid battery; wherein, the Freescale IMX6 processor is also connected to the grid of the second switching tube and the grid of the third switching tube respectively , by applying a PWM control signal to the grid of the second switching tube to determine the on-off of the second switching tube, so as to control the on-off of the output interface of the wind turbine for charging the lead-acid battery, and also through the third switching tube A PWM control signal with adjustable duty ratio is applied to the grid to control the charging voltage of the lead-acid battery at the output interface of the wind turbine.
更具体地,在所述自动化充电控制的太阳能LED路灯中:将实时时钟芯片和飞思卡尔IMX6处理器集成在一块集成电路板上。More specifically, in the solar LED street lamp with automatic charging control: a real-time clock chip and a Freescale IMX6 processor are integrated on an integrated circuit board.
更具体地,在所述自动化充电控制的太阳能LED路灯中,所述LED路灯还包括:静态存储设备,用于存储预设白天时间段和预设黑夜时间段。More specifically, in the solar LED street lamp with automatic charging control, the LED street lamp further includes: a static storage device for storing a preset day time period and a preset night time period.
更具体地,在所述自动化充电控制的太阳能LED路灯中:静态存储设备还预先存储了预设蓄电池电流阈值和预设蓄电池电压阈值。More specifically, in the solar LED street lamp with automatic charging control: the static storage device also pre-stores a preset battery current threshold and a preset battery voltage threshold.
更具体地,在所述自动化充电控制的太阳能LED路灯中:采用飞思卡尔IMX6处理器的内部时钟替换实时时钟芯片。More specifically, in the solar LED street lamp with automatic charging control: use the internal clock of the Freescale IMX6 processor to replace the real-time clock chip.
附图说明Description of drawings
以下将结合附图对本发明的实施方案进行描述,其中:Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
图1为根据本发明实施方案示出的自动化充电控制的太阳能LED路灯的结构方框图。Fig. 1 is a structural block diagram of a solar LED street lamp with automatic charging control according to an embodiment of the present invention.
附图标记:1LED灯管;2飞思卡尔IMX6处理器;3实时时钟芯片;4光电池;5铅酸蓄电池Reference signs: 1 LED light tube; 2 Freescale IMX6 processor; 3 real-time clock chip; 4 photocell; 5 lead-acid battery
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将参照附图对本发明的自动化充电控制的太阳能LED路灯的实施方案进行详细说明。The implementation of the solar LED street lamp with automatic charging control of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
现有技术中的LED太阳能路灯中的太阳能供电电路工作效率不高,以及尚未出现能够应用于LED路灯的风能供电电路,更不要提兼容太阳能供电电路和风能供电电路的用电结构,以及灵活地在太阳能供电电路和风能供电电路二者供电电路之间进行切换的切换装置。The working efficiency of the solar power supply circuit in the LED solar street light in the prior art is not high, and there is no wind energy power supply circuit that can be applied to the LED street light, not to mention the power structure compatible with the solar power supply circuit and the wind energy power supply circuit, and flexible A switching device for switching between the power supply circuits of the solar power supply circuit and the wind power supply circuit.
为了克服上述不足,本发明搭建了一种自动化充电控制的太阳能LED路灯,搭建了一种能够兼容改良后的太阳能供电电路和风能供电电路的用电结构,以及采用实时时钟芯片产生的当前系统时间进行太阳能供电电路和风能供电电路之间的自适应切换,以在提高LED路灯的节能等级的同时,保证供电电路的稳定性。In order to overcome the above shortcomings, the present invention builds a solar LED street lamp with automatic charging control, builds a power structure compatible with the improved solar power supply circuit and wind power supply circuit, and uses the current system time generated by the real-time clock chip The self-adaptive switching between the solar power supply circuit and the wind power supply circuit is carried out to ensure the stability of the power supply circuit while improving the energy-saving level of the LED street lamp.
图1为根据本发明实施方案示出的自动化充电控制的太阳能LED路灯的结构方框图,所述LED路灯包括LED灯管、飞思卡尔IMX6处理器、实时时钟芯片、光电池和铅酸蓄电池,光电池为铅酸蓄电池充电,充电后的铅酸蓄电池为飞思卡尔IMX6处理器、实时时钟芯片和LED灯管提供电力供应,飞思卡尔IMX6处理器与实时时钟芯片连接,根据实时时钟芯片提供的当前的系统时间控制光电池对铅酸蓄电池的充电。Fig. 1 is the structural block diagram of the solar LED street lamp of automatic charging control shown according to the embodiment of the present invention, and described LED street lamp comprises LED lamp tube, Freescale IMX6 processor, real-time clock chip, photocell and lead-acid battery, and photocell is The lead-acid battery is charged, and the charged lead-acid battery provides power supply for the Freescale IMX6 processor, the real-time clock chip and the LED lamp. The Freescale IMX6 processor is connected with the real-time clock chip. The system time controls the charging of the photocell to the lead-acid battery.
接着,继续对本发明的自动化充电控制的太阳能LED路灯的具体结构进行进一步的说明。Next, the specific structure of the solar LED street lamp with automatic charging control of the present invention will be further described.
所述LED路灯还包括:实时时钟芯片,产生当前的系统时间,并在当前的系统时间在预设白天时间段内时,发出白天判断信号,在当前的系统时间在预设黑夜时间段内时,发出黑夜判断信号。The LED street lamp also includes: a real-time clock chip, which generates the current system time, and sends out a daytime judgment signal when the current system time is within the preset day time period, and sends out a daytime judgment signal when the current system time is within the preset night time period. , to issue a night judgment signal.
所述LED路灯还包括:光电池,设置在灯架顶部,具有电能输出接口,用于输出光电池将太阳能转换后的电能,电能输出接口包括输出正端和输出负端;瞬态电压抑制器,并联在电能输出接口的输出正端和输出负端之间;第一电阻,其一端连接电能输出接口的输出正端,其另一端连接第二电阻的一端;第二电阻,其另一端连接电能输出接口的输出负端。The LED street lamp also includes: a photovoltaic cell, which is arranged on the top of the lamp stand, and has an electric energy output interface for outputting the electric energy converted by the photovoltaic cell from solar energy. The electric energy output interface includes an output positive terminal and an output negative terminal; a transient voltage suppressor, connected in parallel Between the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the power output interface; the first resistor, one end of which is connected to the positive output terminal of the power output interface, and the other end of which is connected to one end of the second resistor; the other end of the second resistor is connected to the power output The output negative terminal of the interface.
所述LED路灯还包括:升力风机主结构,设置在灯架顶部,包括三个叶片、偏航设备、轮毂和传动设备;三个叶片在风通过时,由于每一个叶片的正反面的压力不等而产生升力,所述升力带动对应叶片旋转;偏航设备与三个叶片连接,用于提供三个叶片旋转的可靠性并解缆;轮毂与三个叶片连接,用于固定三个叶片,以在叶片受力后被带动进行顺时针旋转,将风能转化为低转速的动能;传动设备包括低速轴、齿轮箱、高速轴、支撑轴承、联轴器和盘式制动器,齿轮箱通过低速轴与轮毂连接,通过高速轴与风力发电机连接,用于将轮毂的低转速的动能转化为风力发电机所需要的高转速的动能,联轴器为一柔性轴,用于补偿齿轮箱输出轴和发电机转子的平行性偏差和角度误差,盘式制动器,为一液压动作的盘式制动器,用于机械刹车制动。The LED street lamp also includes: the main structure of the lift fan, which is arranged on the top of the light frame, and includes three blades, yaw equipment, hubs and transmission equipment; and so on to generate lift, which drives the corresponding blades to rotate; the yaw device is connected with the three blades to provide the reliability of the rotation of the three blades and uncable; the hub is connected to the three blades to fix the three blades, The blades are driven to rotate clockwise after being stressed to convert wind energy into low-speed kinetic energy; transmission equipment includes low-speed shafts, gearboxes, high-speed shafts, support bearings, couplings and disc brakes, and the gearbox passes through low-speed shafts. It is connected to the hub and connected to the wind turbine through a high-speed shaft, which is used to convert the low-speed kinetic energy of the hub into the high-speed kinetic energy required by the wind turbine. The coupling is a flexible shaft used to compensate the output shaft of the gearbox Parallelism deviation and angle error with the generator rotor, the disc brake is a hydraulically operated disc brake for mechanical braking.
所述LED路灯还包括:风力发电机,与升力风机主结构的齿轮箱连接,为一双馈异步发电机,用于将接收到的高转速的动能转化为风力电能,风力发电机包括定子绕组、转子绕组、双向背靠背IGBT电压源变流器和风力发电机输出接口,定子绕组直连风力发电机输出接口,转子绕组通过双向背靠背IGBT电压源变流器与风力发电机输出接口连接,风力发电机输出接口为三相交流输出接口,用于输出风力电能。The LED street lamp also includes: a wind generator, which is connected to the gear box of the main structure of the lift fan, and is a double-fed asynchronous generator, which is used to convert the received high-speed kinetic energy into wind power energy. The wind generator includes stator windings, Rotor winding, bidirectional back-to-back IGBT voltage source converter and wind turbine output interface, stator winding directly connected to wind turbine output interface, rotor winding connected to wind turbine output interface through bidirectional back-to-back IGBT voltage source converter, wind turbine The output interface is a three-phase AC output interface for outputting wind power.
所述LED路灯还包括:整流电路,与风力发电机输出接口连接,对风力发电机输出接口输出的三相交流电压进行整流以获得风力直流电压;滤波稳压电路,与整流电路连接以对风力直流电压进行滤波稳压,以输出稳压直流电压。The LED street lamp also includes: a rectifier circuit connected to the output interface of the wind generator, and rectifies the three-phase AC voltage output by the output interface of the wind generator to obtain a wind DC voltage; The DC voltage is filtered and stabilized to output a regulated DC voltage.
所述LED路灯还包括:第三电阻和第四电阻,串联后并联在滤波稳压电路的正负二端,第三电阻的一端连接滤波稳压电路的正端,第四电阻的一端连接滤波稳压电路的负端;第一电容和第二电容,串联后并联在滤波稳压电路的正负二端,第一电容的一端连接滤波稳压电路的正端,第二电容的一端连接滤波稳压电路的负端,第一电容的另一端连接第三电阻的另一端,第二电容的另一端连接第四电阻的另一端;第三电容,并联在滤波稳压电路的正负二端;第五电阻,其一端连接滤波稳压电路的正端;第一开关管,为一P沟增强型MOS管,其漏极与第五电阻的另一端连接,其衬底与源极相连,其源极与滤波稳压电路的负端连接。The LED street lamp also includes: a third resistor and a fourth resistor, which are connected in parallel to the positive and negative ends of the filter voltage stabilizing circuit after being connected in series, one end of the third resistor is connected to the positive end of the filter voltage stabilizing circuit, and one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the filter voltage stabilizing circuit. The negative terminal of the voltage stabilizing circuit; the first capacitor and the second capacitor are connected in parallel to the positive and negative terminals of the filter voltage stabilizing circuit in series, one end of the first capacitor is connected to the positive terminal of the filter voltage stabilizing circuit, and one end of the second capacitor is connected to the filter The negative terminal of the voltage stabilizing circuit, the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the other end of the third resistor, the other end of the second capacitor is connected to the other end of the fourth resistor; the third capacitor is connected in parallel to the positive and negative terminals of the filter voltage stabilizing circuit ; the fifth resistor, one end of which is connected to the positive end of the filter voltage regulator circuit; the first switch tube is a P-channel enhanced MOS transistor, its drain is connected to the other end of the fifth resistor, and its substrate is connected to the source, Its source is connected with the negative terminal of the filtering and stabilizing circuit.
所述LED路灯还包括:手动卸荷电路,其两端分别与第一开关管的漏极和源极连接;第一防反二极管,其正端与滤波稳压电路的正端连接,其负端与第一开关管的漏极连接;第二开关管,为一P沟增强型MOS管,其漏极与滤波稳压电路的正端连接,其衬底与源极相连;第二防反二极管,其正端与第二开关管的源极连接;第四电容和第五电容,都并联在第二防反二极管的负端和滤波稳压电路的负端之间;第三防反二极管,并联在第二防反二极管的负端和滤波稳压电路的负端之间;第三开关管,为一P沟增强型MOS管,其漏极与第三防反二极管的负端连接,其衬底与源极相连;第四防反二极管,并联在第三开关管的源极和滤波稳压电路的负端之间;第一电感,其一端与第三开关管的源极连接;第六电容和第七电容,都并联在第一电感的另一端和滤波稳压电路的负端之间;第五防反二极管,并联在第一电感的另一端和滤波稳压电路的负端之间。The LED street lamp also includes: a manual unloading circuit, the two ends of which are respectively connected to the drain and the source of the first switching tube; The terminal is connected to the drain of the first switch tube; the second switch tube is a P-channel enhanced MOS tube, its drain is connected to the positive terminal of the filter voltage regulator circuit, and its substrate is connected to the source; the second anti-reverse A diode whose positive end is connected to the source of the second switching tube; the fourth capacitor and the fifth capacitor are connected in parallel between the negative end of the second anti-reverse diode and the negative end of the filtering and stabilizing circuit; the third anti-reverse diode , connected in parallel between the negative terminal of the second anti-reverse diode and the negative terminal of the filter and voltage regulator circuit; the third switch tube is a P-channel enhanced MOS transistor, and its drain is connected to the negative terminal of the third anti-reverse diode, Its substrate is connected to the source; the fourth anti-reverse diode is connected in parallel between the source of the third switching tube and the negative terminal of the filtering and stabilizing circuit; the first inductor is connected to the source of the third switching tube at one end; The sixth capacitor and the seventh capacitor are both connected in parallel between the other end of the first inductance and the negative end of the filtering and stabilizing circuit; the fifth anti-reverse diode is connected in parallel between the other end of the first inductance and the negative end of the filtering and stabilizing circuit between.
所述LED路灯还包括:铅酸蓄电池,并联在电能输出接口的输出正端和输出负端之间,同时其正极与第五防反二极管的负极连接,其负极与第五防反二极管的正极连接;继电器,位于LED灯管和铅酸蓄电池之间,通过是否切断LED灯管和铅酸蓄电池之间的连接来控制LED灯管的打开和关闭;光耦,位于继电器和飞思卡尔IMX6处理器之间,用于在飞思卡尔IMX6处理器的控制下,决定继电器的切断操作。The LED street lamp also includes: a lead-acid storage battery connected in parallel between the output positive terminal and the output negative terminal of the electric energy output interface, while its positive pole is connected to the negative pole of the fifth anti-reverse diode, and its negative pole is connected to the positive pole of the fifth anti-reverse diode. Connection; the relay, located between the LED lamp and the lead-acid battery, controls the opening and closing of the LED lamp by cutting off the connection between the LED lamp and the lead-acid battery; the optocoupler, located between the relay and the Freescale IMX6 processing Between the devices, it is used to determine the cut-off operation of the relay under the control of the Freescale IMX6 processor.
所述LED路灯还包括:电压检测器,用于实时检测铅酸蓄电池的充电电压;电流检测器,用于实时检测铅酸蓄电池的充电电流;太阳能充电控制器,与电能输出接口、铅酸蓄电池、电压检测器和电流检测器分别连接,在检测到电能输出接口对铅酸蓄电池供电时,当接收到的充电电压小于预设蓄电池电压阈值时,采用恒流充电方式对铅酸蓄电池进行充电,当接收到的充电电压大于等于预设蓄电池电压阈值且接收到的充电电流大于等于预设蓄电池电流阈值时,采用恒压充电方式对铅酸蓄电池进行充电,当接收到的充电电压大于等于预设蓄电池电压阈值且接收到的充电电流小于预设蓄电池电流阈值时,采用浮充充电方式对铅酸蓄电池进行充电。The LED street lamp also includes: a voltage detector for real-time detection of the charging voltage of the lead-acid battery; a current detector for real-time detection of the charging current of the lead-acid battery; a solar charge controller connected to the power output interface and the lead-acid battery , the voltage detector and the current detector are connected separately. When it is detected that the power output interface supplies power to the lead-acid battery, when the received charging voltage is lower than the preset battery voltage threshold, the lead-acid battery will be charged by constant current charging. When the received charging voltage is greater than or equal to the preset battery voltage threshold and the received charging current is greater than or equal to the preset battery current threshold, the lead-acid battery is charged by constant voltage charging. When the received charging voltage is greater than or equal to the preset When the battery voltage threshold is reached and the received charging current is less than the preset battery current threshold, the lead-acid battery is charged in the float charge mode.
所述LED路灯还包括:飞思卡尔IMX6处理器,与实时时钟芯片连接,当接收到黑夜判断信号,断开电能输出接口对铅酸蓄电池的充电,打通风力发电机输出接口对铅酸蓄电池的充电,当接收到白天判断信号,打通电能输出接口对铅酸蓄电池的充电,断开风力发电机输出接口对铅酸蓄电池的充电;飞思卡尔IMX6处理器还与第二开关管的栅极和第三开关管的栅极分别连接,通过在第二开关管的栅极上施加PWM控制信号,确定第二开关管的通断,以控制风力发电机输出接口对铅酸蓄电池的充电的通断,还通过在第三开关管的栅极上施加占空比可调的PWM控制信号,以控制风力发电机输出接口对铅酸蓄电池的充电电压。Described LED street lamp also comprises: Freescale IMX6 processor, is connected with real-time clock chip, when receiving night judgment signal, disconnects the electric energy output interface and charges the lead-acid battery, opens the wind power generator output interface to lead-acid battery charging. Charging, when the daytime judgment signal is received, the power output interface is opened to charge the lead-acid battery, and the wind turbine output interface is disconnected to charge the lead-acid battery; the Freescale IMX6 processor also communicates with the grid of the second switch tube and The grids of the third switching tubes are connected respectively, and the switching of the second switching tube is determined by applying a PWM control signal to the grids of the second switching tubes, so as to control the charging of the lead-acid battery by the output interface of the wind power generator. , by applying a PWM control signal with an adjustable duty ratio on the grid of the third switching tube to control the charging voltage of the lead-acid battery at the output interface of the wind power generator.
可选地,在所述LED路灯中:将实时时钟芯片和飞思卡尔IMX6处理器集成在一块集成电路板上;所述LED路灯还包括:静态存储设备,用于存储预设白天时间段和预设黑夜时间段;静态存储设备还预先存储了预设蓄电池电流阈值和预设蓄电池电压阈值;采用飞思卡尔IMX6处理器的内部时钟替换实时时钟芯片。Optionally, in the LED street lamp: the real-time clock chip and the Freescale IMX6 processor are integrated on an integrated circuit board; the LED street lamp also includes: a static storage device for storing preset daytime time periods and Preset the night time period; the static storage device also pre-stores the preset battery current threshold and the preset battery voltage threshold; the internal clock of the Freescale IMX6 processor is used to replace the real-time clock chip.
另外,光电池,又称为“太阳能芯片”或“太阳能电池”,是一种利用太阳光直接发电的光电半导体薄片。它只要被光照到,瞬间就可输出电压及在有回路的情况下产生电流。在物理学上称为太阳能光伏(Photovoltaic,photo光,voltaics伏特,缩写为PV),简称光伏。太阳能电池是通过光电效应或者光化学效应直接把光能转化成电能的装置。以光电效应工作的薄膜式太阳能电池为主流,而以光化学效应工作的实施太阳能电池则还处于萌芽阶段。In addition, photovoltaic cells, also known as "solar chips" or "solar cells", are photoelectric semiconductor sheets that use sunlight to directly generate electricity. As long as it is illuminated by light, it can output voltage instantly and generate current when there is a loop. In physics, it is called solar photovoltaic (Photovoltaic, photo light, voltages volts, abbreviated as PV), or photovoltaic for short. A solar cell is a device that directly converts light energy into electrical energy through the photoelectric effect or photochemical effect. Thin-film solar cells that work on the photoelectric effect are the mainstream, while practical solar cells that work on the photochemical effect are still in their infancy.
自20世纪58年代起,美国发射的人造卫星就已经利用太阳能电池作为能量的来源。20世纪70年代能源危机时,让世界各国察觉到能源开发的重要性。1973年发生了石油危机,人们开始把太阳能电池的应用转移到一般的民生用途上。在美国、日本和以色列等国家,已经大量使用太阳能装置,更朝商业化的目标前进。在这些国家中,美国于1983年在加州建立世界上最大的太阳能电厂,它的发电量可以高达16百万瓦特。南非、博茨瓦纳、纳米比亚和非洲南部的其他国家也设立专案,鼓励偏远的乡村地区安装低成本的太阳能电池发电系统。而推行太阳能发电最积极的国家首推日本。1994年日本实施补助奖励办法,推广每户3,000瓦特的“市电并联型太阳光电能系统”。在第一年,政府补助49%的经费,以后的补助再逐年递减。“市电并联型太阳光电能系统”是在日照充足的时候,由太阳能电池提供电能给自家的负载用,若有多余的电力则另行储存。当发电量不足或者不发电的时候,所需要的电力再由电力公司提供。到了1996年,日本有2,600户装置太阳能发电系统,装设总容量已经有8百万瓦特。一年后,已经有9,400户装置,装设的总容量也达到了32百万瓦特。随着环保意识的高涨和政府补助金的制度,预估日本住家用太阳能电池的需求量,也会急速增加。Since the 1958s, artificial satellites launched by the United States have used solar cells as a source of energy. During the energy crisis in the 1970s, countries around the world were aware of the importance of energy development. The oil crisis occurred in 1973, and people began to transfer the application of solar cells to general livelihood purposes. In countries such as the United States, Japan, and Israel, a large number of solar energy devices have been used, and they are moving towards the goal of commercialization. Among these countries, the United States built the world's largest solar power plant in California in 1983, and its power generation capacity can reach as high as 16 megawatts. South Africa, Botswana, Namibia and other countries in southern Africa have also set up programs to encourage remote rural areas to install low-cost solar power generation systems. The most active country to promote solar power generation is Japan. In 1994, Japan implemented a subsidy and incentive method to promote the "mains parallel solar photovoltaic energy system" of 3,000 watts per household. In the first year, the government subsidizes 49% of the funds, and the subsequent subsidy decreases year by year. The "mains parallel solar photovoltaic energy system" uses solar cells to provide electric energy to the loads of the home when there is sufficient sunshine, and if there is excess electricity, it will be stored separately. When the power generation is insufficient or does not generate power, the required power will be provided by the power company. By 1996, 2,600 households in Japan had installed solar power generation systems, with a total installed capacity of 8 million watts. A year later, there were 9,400 installations, and the total installed capacity reached 32 megawatts. With the rising awareness of environmental protection and the government subsidy system, it is estimated that the demand for solar cells for residential use in Japan will also increase rapidly.
采用本发明的自动化充电控制的太阳能LED路灯,针对现有技术中LED路灯依赖市电电力的技术问题,引入风能供电电路,改善现有的太阳能供电电路,搭建兼容上述二种供电电路的充电结构,更关键的是,采用实时时钟提供的当前系统时间作为上述二种供电电路的切换信号,从而全面提高LED路灯的充电效率,降低LED路灯的用电成本。The solar LED street lamp with automatic charging control of the present invention aims at the technical problem that LED street lamps rely on mains power in the prior art, introduces a wind energy power supply circuit, improves the existing solar power supply circuit, and builds a charging structure compatible with the above two power supply circuits , and more importantly, the current system time provided by the real-time clock is used as the switching signal of the above two power supply circuits, so as to comprehensively improve the charging efficiency of LED street lamps and reduce the electricity cost of LED street lamps.
可以理解的是,虽然本发明已以较佳实施例披露如上,然而上述实施例并非用以限定本发明。对于任何熟悉本领域的技术人员而言,在不脱离本发明技术方案范围情况下,都可利用上述揭示的技术内容对本发明技术方案做出许多可能的变动和修饰,或修改为等同变化的等效实施例。因此,凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所做的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案保护的范围内。It can be understood that although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, the above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. For any person skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, the technical content disclosed above can be used to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or be modified into equivalent changes, etc. effective example. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention, which do not deviate from the technical solution of the present invention, still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
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| CN101634422A (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2010-01-27 | 北京奥腾讯达科技有限公司 | Solar energy outdoor lamp |
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