CN105090422B - One kind moves in circles mechanism - Google Patents
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- CN105090422B CN105090422B CN201510574831.4A CN201510574831A CN105090422B CN 105090422 B CN105090422 B CN 105090422B CN 201510574831 A CN201510574831 A CN 201510574831A CN 105090422 B CN105090422 B CN 105090422B
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- 210000003127 knee Anatomy 0.000 claims 3
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/12—Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types
- F16H37/124—Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types for interconverting rotary motion and reciprocating motion
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种循环往复机构，包括：通过拨叉衔接的驱动机构和拨动机构，驱动机构包括能够分别与第一齿轮和第二齿轮啮合的驱动齿轮，驱动齿轮滑动设置在驱动轴上，第一齿轮和第二齿轮旋转方向相反；拨动机构包括固定板，拨叉包括位于同一侧对称设置的两拨叉杆以及位于另一侧的档杆，两拨叉杆分别位于驱动齿轮的两端外侧，档杆能够衔接停止机构，驱动轴一端设有螺杆，连接弯杆一端的螺套螺纹套接在螺杆上；固定板上设有两个停止机构，两停止机构中间的固定板上设有套圈杆，弯杆自由端连接的软绳通过套圈杆上的套圈后，分成两股各连接一个停止机构，第一弹簧两端分别连接弯杆自由端和拨叉。
The invention relates to a reciprocating mechanism, comprising: a driving mechanism connected by a shift fork and a toggle mechanism, the driving mechanism includes a driving gear capable of meshing with a first gear and a second gear respectively, and the driving gear is slidably arranged on the driving shaft. The rotation directions of the first gear and the second gear are opposite; the toggle mechanism includes a fixed plate, and the shift fork includes two shift fork levers arranged symmetrically on the same side and a shift lever on the other side. On the outer side of the end, the gear rod can be connected to the stop mechanism. One end of the drive shaft is provided with a screw rod, and the screw sleeve at the end of the connecting rod is threaded on the screw rod; there are two stop mechanisms on the fixed plate, and the fixed plate between the two stop mechanisms There is a collar bar, and the soft rope connected to the free end of the bent bar passes through the collar on the collar bar, and then is divided into two strands and connected to a stop mechanism, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively connected to the free end of the bent bar and a shift fork.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种传动转换机构，尤其涉及一种循环往复机构。The invention relates to a transmission conversion mechanism, in particular to a reciprocating mechanism.
背景技术Background technique
现代动力机构的传动变换方式多采用变频器控制电机的方式进行，变频器控制电机的转速以及控制电机的转向，使得电机对传送机构的速度输出极为灵活。但是普通变频器在输出低频时对电机的电压补偿存在不足，电机的转矩提升不够，导致电机的输出扭矩下降，带动负载能力不稳定。特别是在低速频繁启、停、反转的过程中，普通的变频器确实存在短板，需要重新设计机械传动机构来实现较为理想的传动。The transmission conversion mode of modern power mechanism is mostly carried out by means of frequency converter to control the motor. The frequency converter controls the speed of the motor and controls the steering of the motor, which makes the speed output of the motor to the transmission mechanism extremely flexible. However, the common frequency converter has insufficient voltage compensation for the motor when outputting low frequency, and the torque boost of the motor is not enough, resulting in a decrease in the output torque of the motor and unstable load capacity. Especially in the process of frequent start, stop, and reverse at low speeds, ordinary frequency converters do have shortcomings, and the mechanical transmission mechanism needs to be redesigned to achieve a more ideal transmission.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明克服了现有技术的不足，提供一种弹簧弹力激发的循环往复机构。The invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art and provides a cyclic reciprocating mechanism excited by spring force.
为达到上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：一种循环往复机构，包括：通过拨叉衔接的驱动机构和拨动机构，其特征在于，In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a reciprocating mechanism, including: a driving mechanism and a toggle mechanism connected by a shift fork, characterized in that,
-所述驱动机构包括能够分别与第一齿轮和第二齿轮啮合的驱动齿轮，所述驱动齿轮滑动设置在驱动轴上，所述第一齿轮和所述第二齿轮旋转方向相反；- the drive mechanism includes drive gears capable of meshing with the first gear and the second gear respectively, the drive gears are slidably arranged on the drive shaft, and the rotation directions of the first gear and the second gear are opposite;
-所述拨动机构包括固定板，所述拨叉包括位于同一侧对称设置的两拨叉杆以及位于另一侧的档杆，两所述拨叉杆分别位于所述驱动齿轮的两端外侧，所述档杆能够衔接停止机构，所述驱动轴一端设有螺杆，连接弯杆一端的螺套螺纹套接在所述螺杆上；所述固定板上设有两个停止机构，两所述停止机构中间的固定板上设有套圈杆，所述弯杆自由端连接的软绳通过套圈杆上的套圈后，分成两股各连接一个停止机构，第一弹簧两端分别连接所述弯杆自由端和所述拨叉。- the toggle mechanism includes a fixed plate, the shift fork includes two shift fork levers symmetrically arranged on the same side and a gear lever on the other side, and the two shift fork levers are respectively located outside the two ends of the drive gear , the gear rod can be connected to the stop mechanism, one end of the drive shaft is provided with a screw, and the screw sleeve connected to one end of the bent rod is threaded on the screw; the fixed plate is provided with two stop mechanisms, the two A collar bar is arranged on the fixed plate in the middle of the stop mechanism, and the flexible rope connected to the free end of the bent bar passes through the collar on the collar bar, and then is divided into two strands and connected to a stop mechanism respectively, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively connected to the The free end of the bent rod and the shift fork.
本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述停止机构包括一端带有楔形头的停止杆和一个第二弹簧，所述停止杆的楔形头伸出所述固定板一个面外侧，所述停止杆另一端套设第二弹簧的伸出所述固定板的另一个面外侧，所述第二弹簧两端分别固定在所述固定板和停止杆上。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stop mechanism includes a stop lever with a wedge-shaped head at one end and a second spring, the wedge-shaped head of the stop lever protrudes outside one surface of the fixing plate, and the stop lever also One end of the second spring protrudes from the other side of the fixing plate, and the two ends of the second spring are respectively fixed on the fixing plate and the stop rod.
本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述楔形头包括一个楔形面和一个直角面，所述直角面与所述档杆轴线平行。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wedge-shaped head includes a wedge-shaped surface and a right-angled surface, and the right-angled surface is parallel to the axis of the gear lever.
本发明一个较佳实施例中，两所述楔形头的楔形面相对设置。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wedge-shaped surfaces of the two wedge-shaped heads are arranged opposite to each other.
本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述软绳的端部连接所述停止杆端部。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the end of the soft rope is connected to the end of the stop rod.
本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述拨叉沿所述固定板轴线滑动，所述固定板轴线与所述驱动轴轴线平行。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shift fork slides along the axis of the fixing plate, and the axis of the fixing plate is parallel to the axis of the driving shaft.
本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述螺杆的导程大于两所述停止机构之间的距离。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lead of the screw is greater than the distance between the two stop mechanisms.
本发明一个较佳实施例中，两所述停止机构分别靠近第一齿轮和第二齿轮。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the two stop mechanisms are respectively close to the first gear and the second gear.
本发明一个较佳实施例中，所述驱动齿轮滑键设置在所述驱动轴上，所述驱动齿轮在驱动轴的滑键上移动距离即是所述第一齿轮和所述第二齿轮轴向的距离。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the driving gear sliding key is arranged on the driving shaft, and the moving distance of the driving gear on the sliding key of the driving shaft is the axis of the first gear and the second gear to the distance.
本发明一个较佳实施例中，两所述拨叉之间的间距大于所述驱动齿轮的轴向长度。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the two shift forks is greater than the axial length of the driving gear.
本发明解决了背景技术中存在的缺陷，本发明具备以下有益效果：The present invention solves the defect existing in the background technology, and the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
（1）通过拨动机构的动作，可以将驱动齿轮在第一齿轮和第二齿轮之间变换位置，起到了变换驱动齿轮啮合对象的作用，同时由于第一齿轮和第二齿轮旋转方向相反，保证每次驱动齿轮变换啮合对象后驱动轴均变换旋转方向。(1) Through the action of the toggle mechanism, the position of the driving gear can be changed between the first gear and the second gear, which plays the role of changing the meshing object of the driving gear. At the same time, because the first gear and the second gear rotate in opposite directions, Ensure that the drive shaft changes direction of rotation each time the drive gear changes meshing objects.
（2）驱动轴的旋转方向与拨动机构的拨动方向恰好形成联动结构，在驱动齿轮与第一齿轮啮合时，拨动机构被驱动轴驱动使得拨动机构具有将驱动齿轮拨向第二齿轮的倾向和动力，且最终驱动齿轮脱离第一齿轮，并凭借惯性以及弯杆与拨叉之间被拉伸的第一弹簧的弹性势能驱动与第二齿轮啮合；反之驱动齿轮与第二齿轮啮合时，拨动机构会使驱动齿轮反向运动。(2) The rotation direction of the drive shaft and the toggle direction of the toggle mechanism just form a linkage structure. When the drive gear meshes with the first gear, the toggle mechanism is driven by the drive shaft so that the toggle mechanism has the ability to turn the drive gear to the second gear. The tendency and power of the gear, and finally the driving gear is separated from the first gear, and driven by the inertia and the elastic potential energy of the first spring stretched between the bending rod and the shift fork to mesh with the second gear; otherwise, the driving gear and the second gear When engaged, the toggle mechanism reverses motion of the drive gear.
（3）滑键的结构一方面可以保证驱动齿轮与驱动轴之间存在沿驱动轴周向的卡箍限定，保证驱动齿轮不会沿周向与驱动轴发生相对运动，另一方面驱动齿轮能够沿驱动轴的轴向滑动，保证驱动齿轮在第一齿轮和第二齿轮之间运动。(3) On the one hand, the structure of the feather key can ensure that there is a clamp limit between the drive gear and the drive shaft along the circumference of the drive shaft, so that the drive gear will not move relative to the drive shaft along the circumference; on the other hand, the drive gear can Sliding along the axial direction of the drive shaft ensures that the drive gear moves between the first gear and the second gear.
（4）两拨叉杆分别位于驱动齿轮两侧，驱动齿轮可以在拨叉的驱动下，沿驱动轴轴向运动。(4) The two shift fork levers are respectively located on both sides of the drive gear, and the drive gear can move axially along the drive shaft under the drive of the shift fork.
（5）螺杆和螺套的结构是拨动机构的主要动力来源，同时第一弹簧储存的弹性势能也是通过螺杆螺套的运动逐渐存储的。(5) The structure of the screw and the screw sleeve is the main power source of the toggle mechanism, and at the same time, the elastic potential energy stored by the first spring is also gradually stored through the movement of the screw and the screw sleeve.
（6）当第一齿轮与驱动齿轮啮合时，螺套带动弯杆远离驱动齿轮，第一弹簧被拉伸到一定程度会通过软绳拉动激发停止机构，档杆脱离停止杆的束缚，此时拨叉被弹簧拉动并带动驱动齿轮与第一齿轮脱离啮合，并朝向第二齿轮运动，利用惯性与第二齿轮啮合；此时第二齿轮带动驱动齿轮反向旋转使得螺套在螺杆上也反向运动，朝向接近驱动齿轮的方向运动，以此往复循环。(6) When the first gear meshes with the drive gear, the screw sleeve drives the bent rod away from the drive gear, the first spring is stretched to a certain extent, and the stop mechanism is activated by pulling the soft rope, and the gear lever is released from the restraint of the stop lever. The shift fork is pulled by the spring and drives the driving gear to disengage from the first gear, and moves toward the second gear, and uses inertia to mesh with the second gear; at this time, the second gear drives the driving gear to rotate in the opposite direction so that the screw sleeve is also reversed on the screw rod. To move towards the direction close to the drive gear, in this reciprocating cycle.
（7）驱动齿轮与第一齿轮啮合时，停止机构限定住档杆，连接弯杆的第一弹簧被拉伸，并绷紧软绳逐渐拉动停止杆激发档杆脱离直角面束缚即可以使得拨叉迅速朝向第二齿轮一侧运动，并使得档杆被另一侧的停止机构束缚；然后在第二齿轮驱动反向旋转时，对称的另一侧机构反向重复上述运动动作，并不断循环。(7) When the drive gear meshes with the first gear, the stop mechanism restricts the gear lever, the first spring connected to the bent lever is stretched, and the soft rope is tightened to gradually pull the stop lever to activate the gear lever to break away from the right-angled surface. The fork quickly moves towards one side of the second gear, and makes the gear lever bound by the stop mechanism on the other side; then when the second gear is driven to reverse rotation, the symmetrical other side mechanism reversely repeats the above-mentioned movement action, and the cycle continues .
（8）在驱动齿轮脱离第一齿轮啮合前，第一弹簧处于拉伸状态，然后停止机构激发拨叉运动，弹簧迅速回缩，此时驱动齿轮与第二齿轮啮合，螺套反向运动，第一弹簧的两个端部由于弯杆和拨叉位置交叉变换，柔性的弹簧两端各跟随作位置对调，并在螺套的继续运动下，反向拉伸第一弹簧。(8) Before the driving gear is out of engagement with the first gear, the first spring is in a stretched state, and then the stop mechanism activates the movement of the shift fork, and the spring quickly retracts. At this time, the driving gear is engaged with the second gear, and the screw sleeve moves in reverse. The two ends of the first spring are cross-transformed due to the positions of the bent rod and the shift fork, and the two ends of the flexible spring are respectively adjusted according to the operating positions, and the first spring is reversely stretched under the continuous movement of the screw sleeve.
（9）两个停止机构的楔形面相对设置，这样档杆可以在朝向楔形面以较高速度运动时，档杆可以轻松从楔形面越过，被直角面挡住；在越过楔形面时，档杆会朝向停止杆轴向压动停止杆，使停止杆不会完全挡住档杆。(9) The wedge-shaped surfaces of the two stop mechanisms are set opposite to each other, so that when the gear lever moves toward the wedge-shaped surface at a higher speed, the gear lever can easily pass over the wedge-shaped surface and be blocked by the right-angled surface; when crossing the wedge-shaped surface, the gear lever will press the stop lever axially towards the stop lever so that the stop lever does not completely block the shift lever.
（10）停止机构上的第二弹簧可以即时的将产生位移的停止杆复位。(10) The second spring on the stop mechanism can instantly reset the displaced stop rod.
（11）分股设置的软绳可以保证两个停止机构上的两停止杆均会被同步拉动，档杆可以轻松从一个楔形面的外侧运动到另一个楔形面的外侧，待停止杆复位后，档杆恰好被另一个停止杆限制挡住。(11) The soft rope set in splits can ensure that the two stop levers on the two stop mechanisms will be pulled synchronously, and the gear lever can easily move from the outside of one wedge-shaped surface to the outside of the other wedge-shaped surface. After the stop lever is reset , the gear lever is just blocked by another stop lever limit.
（12）设有的套圈杆可以保持两个软绳之间的不会随意缠绕，同时软绳不会太松垮；软绳通过一端连接弯杆端部，分股的另一端各连接一个停止结构，实现引导软绳传递拉力的作用。(12) The ferrule rod provided can keep the two soft ropes from being entangled randomly, and the soft ropes will not be too loose; The stop structure realizes the function of guiding the soft rope to transmit the pulling force.
（13）两个拨叉杆之间的间距大于驱动齿轮的轴向长度，可以给驱动齿轮的运动提供反向运动的惯性缓冲。(13) The distance between the two shift fork rods is greater than the axial length of the drive gear, which can provide inertial buffering for the reverse movement of the drive gear.
（14）螺杆驱动螺套的结构，进而螺套为拨动机构提供动力来源，由于螺杆的转动方向与驱动齿轮啮合的对象有关，所以，螺套的运动方向与驱动轴的转动方向有关，而驱动轴的转动方向受到拨动机构的控制；这样上述过程就形成相互影响的循环运动过程，拨动机构与驱动机构不断影响不断循环控制。(14) The structure of the screw driving the screw sleeve, and then the screw sleeve provides the power source for the toggle mechanism. Since the rotation direction of the screw is related to the meshing object of the drive gear, the movement direction of the screw sleeve is related to the rotation direction of the drive shaft, and The direction of rotation of the drive shaft is controlled by the toggle mechanism; thus, the above-mentioned process forms a cyclic motion process that influences each other, and the toggle mechanism and the drive mechanism continuously affect the continuous cycle control.
（15）套圈杆以及两个停止机构一同设置在同一个固定板上，保证了软绳传力的稳定性；并且拨叉可以沿固定板的轴线运动，形成固定的往复运动路径。(15) The ferrule rod and the two stop mechanisms are set on the same fixed plate to ensure the stability of the soft rope force transmission; and the shift fork can move along the axis of the fixed plate to form a fixed reciprocating path.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
图1是本发明的优选实施例驱动齿轮与第一齿轮啮合状态的立体结构图一；Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structure diagram 1 of the meshing state of the drive gear and the first gear in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明的优选实施例驱动齿轮与第一齿轮啮合状态的立体结构图二；Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the meshing state of the driving gear and the first gear in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明的优选实施例驱动齿轮与第二齿轮啮合状态的立体结构图；Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional structural view of the meshing state of the driving gear and the second gear in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明的优选实施例的拨动机构的立体结构图；Fig. 4 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the toggle mechanism of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图中：1、第一齿轮，2、第二齿轮，3、驱动齿轮，4、驱动轴，5、滑键，6、固定板，7拨叉、，8、拨叉杆，9、档杆，10、螺杆，11、螺套，12、弯杆，13、第一弹簧，14、软绳，15、套圈杆，16、套圈，17、第二弹簧，18、停止机构，19、停止杆，21、楔形头，22、楔形面，23、直角面。In the figure: 1, first gear, 2, second gear, 3, drive gear, 4, drive shaft, 5, feather key, 6, fixed plate, 7 shift fork,, 8, shift fork lever, 9, shift lever , 10, screw rod, 11, screw sleeve, 12, bent rod, 13, first spring, 14, soft rope, 15, ferrule rod, 16, ferrule, 17, second spring, 18, stop mechanism, 19, Stop bar, 21, wedge-shaped head, 22, wedge-shaped face, 23, rectangular face.
具体实施方式detailed description
现在结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明，这些附图均为简化的示意图，仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构，因此其仅显示与本发明有关的构成。The present invention will now be further described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. These drawings are all simplified schematic diagrams, only illustrating the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, so it only shows the composition related to the present invention.
如图1-4所示，一种循环往复机构，包括：通过拨叉7衔接的驱动机构和拨动机构，As shown in Figures 1-4, a reciprocating mechanism includes: a driving mechanism and a toggle mechanism connected by a shift fork 7,
-所述驱动机构包括能够分别与第一齿轮1和第二齿轮2啮合的驱动齿轮3，所述驱动齿轮3滑动设置在驱动轴4上，所述第一齿轮1和所述第二齿轮2旋转方向相反；- The drive mechanism includes a drive gear 3 that can mesh with the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 respectively, the drive gear 3 is slidably arranged on the drive shaft 4, the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 The direction of rotation is opposite;
-所述拨动机构包括固定板6，所述拨叉7包括位于同一侧对称设置的两拨叉杆8以及位于另一侧的档杆9，两所述拨叉杆8分别位于所述驱动齿轮3的两端外侧，所述档杆9能够衔接停止机构18，两拨叉杆8分别位于驱动齿轮3两侧，驱动齿轮3可以在拨叉7的驱动下，沿驱动轴4轴向运动。- The toggling mechanism includes a fixed plate 6, and the shift fork 7 includes two shift fork rods 8 symmetrically arranged on the same side and a shift rod 9 on the other side, and the two shift fork rods 8 are respectively located on the drive Outside the two ends of the gear 3, the gear rod 9 can be connected to the stop mechanism 18, and the two shift fork rods 8 are respectively located on both sides of the drive gear 3, and the drive gear 3 can move axially along the drive shaft 4 under the drive of the shift fork 7 .
所述驱动轴4一端设有螺杆10，连接弯杆12一端的螺套11螺纹套接在所述螺杆10上；螺杆10的导程大于两所述停止机构18之间的距离。螺杆10和螺套11的结构是拨动机构的主要动力来源，同时第一弹簧13储存的弹性势能也是通过螺杆10螺套11的运动逐渐存储的。One end of the drive shaft 4 is provided with a screw rod 10 , and a screw sleeve 11 connected to one end of the bent rod 12 is threadedly fitted on the screw rod 10 ; the lead of the screw rod 10 is greater than the distance between the two stop mechanisms 18 . The structure of the screw rod 10 and the screw sleeve 11 is the main power source of the toggle mechanism, and the elastic potential energy stored by the first spring 13 is also gradually stored by the movement of the screw rod 10 and the screw sleeve 11 .
所述固定板6上设有两个停止机构18，两所述停止机构18分别靠近第一齿轮1和第二齿轮2，两所述停止机构18中间的固定板6上设有套圈杆15，所述弯杆12自由端连接的软绳14通过套圈杆15上的套圈16后，分成两股各连接一个停止机构18，软绳14的端部连接停止杆19端部，设有的套圈杆15可以保持两个软绳14之间的不会随意缠绕，同时软绳14不会太松垮；软绳14通过一端连接弯杆12端部，分股的另一端各连接一个停止结构，实现引导软绳14传递拉力的作用。分股设置的软绳14可以保证两个停止机构18上的两停止杆19均会被同步拉动，档杆9可以轻松从一个楔形面22的外侧运动到另一个楔形面22的外侧，待停止杆19复位后，档杆9恰好被另一个停止杆19限制挡住。The fixed plate 6 is provided with two stop mechanisms 18, the two stop mechanisms 18 are respectively close to the first gear 1 and the second gear 2, and the fixed plate 6 in the middle of the two stop mechanisms 18 is provided with a collar rod 15 After the soft rope 14 connected to the free end of the curved rod 12 passes through the loop 16 on the loop rod 15, it is divided into two strands and connected to a stop mechanism 18, and the end of the soft rope 14 is connected to the end of the stop lever 19, and is provided with The ferrule rod 15 can keep the two soft ropes 14 from being entangled at will, and the soft rope 14 will not be too loose; The stop structure realizes the function of guiding the soft rope 14 to transmit the pulling force. The soft rope 14 that splits is provided with can guarantee that two stop levers 19 on the two stop mechanisms 18 will be pulled synchronously, and the gear lever 9 can easily move from the outside of one wedge-shaped surface 22 to the outside of the other wedge-shaped surface 22, waiting to stop After the lever 19 reset, the gear lever 9 was just blocked by another stop lever 19 restriction.
套圈杆15以及两个停止机构18一同设置在同一个固定板6上，保证了软绳14传力的稳定性；并且拨叉7可以沿固定板6的轴线运动，形成固定的往复运动路径。The collar rod 15 and the two stop mechanisms 18 are arranged on the same fixed plate 6 to ensure the stability of the force transmission of the soft rope 14; and the shift fork 7 can move along the axis of the fixed plate 6 to form a fixed reciprocating path .
第一弹簧13两端分别连接所述弯杆12自由端和所述拨叉7。Both ends of the first spring 13 are respectively connected to the free end of the curved rod 12 and the shift fork 7 .
通过拨动机构的动作，可以将驱动齿轮3在第一齿轮1和第二齿轮2之间变换位置，起到了变换驱动齿轮3啮合对象的作用，同时由于第一齿轮1和第二齿轮2旋转方向相反，保证每次驱动齿轮3变换啮合对象后驱动轴4均变换旋转方向。Through the action of the toggle mechanism, the position of the driving gear 3 can be changed between the first gear 1 and the second gear 2, which plays the role of changing the meshing object of the driving gear 3. At the same time, due to the rotation of the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 The direction is opposite to ensure that the drive shaft 4 changes the direction of rotation each time the drive gear 3 changes the meshing object.
驱动轴4的旋转方向与拨动机构的拨动方向恰好形成联动结构，在驱动齿轮3与第一齿轮1啮合时，拨动机构被驱动轴4驱动使得拨动机构具有将驱动齿轮3拨向第二齿轮2的倾向和动力，且最终驱动齿轮3脱离第一齿轮1，并凭借惯性以及弯杆12与拨叉7之间被拉伸的第一弹簧13的弹性势能驱动与第二齿轮2啮合；反之驱动齿轮3与第二齿轮2啮合时，拨动机构会使驱动齿轮3反向运动。The rotation direction of the drive shaft 4 and the toggle direction of the toggle mechanism just form a linkage structure. When the drive gear 3 meshes with the first gear 1, the toggle mechanism is driven by the drive shaft 4 so that the toggle mechanism has the ability to turn the drive gear 3 to The tendency and power of the second gear 2, and finally the drive gear 3 is separated from the first gear 1, and driven by the elastic potential energy of the first spring 13 stretched between the bent rod 12 and the shift fork 7 and the second gear 2 On the contrary, when the driving gear 3 is meshed with the second gear 2, the toggle mechanism will make the driving gear 3 reversely move.
停止机构18上的第二弹簧17可以即时的将产生位移的停止杆19复位。The second spring 17 on the stop mechanism 18 can instantly reset the displaced stop rod 19 .
停止机构18包括一端带有楔形头21的停止杆19和一个第二弹簧17，所述停止杆19的楔形头21伸出所述固定板6一个面外侧，所述停止杆19另一端套设第二弹簧17的伸出所述固定板6的另一个面外侧，所述第二弹簧17两端分别固定在所述固定板6和停止杆19上。The stop mechanism 18 includes a stop bar 19 with a wedge-shaped head 21 at one end and a second spring 17. The wedge-shaped head 21 of the stop bar 19 protrudes from one surface of the fixed plate 6 outside, and the other end of the stop bar 19 is sleeved The second spring 17 protrudes outside the other surface of the fixing plate 6 , and the two ends of the second spring 17 are respectively fixed on the fixing plate 6 and the stop rod 19 .
楔形头21包括一个楔形面22和一个直角面23，所述直角面23与所述档杆9轴线平行。The wedge-shaped head 21 includes a wedge-shaped surface 22 and a right-angled surface 23 , the right-angled surface 23 is parallel to the axis of the gear lever 9 .
两所述楔形头21的楔形面22相对设置,这样档杆9可以在朝向楔形面22以较高速度运动时，档杆9可以轻松从楔形面22越过，被直角面23挡住；在越过楔形面22时，档杆9会朝向停止杆19轴向压动停止杆19，使停止杆19不会完全挡住档杆9。The wedge-shaped surfaces 22 of the two wedge-shaped heads 21 are arranged oppositely, so that when the gear lever 9 moves at a relatively high speed towards the wedge-shaped surface 22, the gear lever 9 can easily pass over the wedge-shaped surface 22 and be blocked by the right-angled surface 23; When facing 22, the gear rod 9 will axially press the stop rod 19 toward the stop rod 19, so that the stop rod 19 will not completely block the gear rod 9.
拨叉7沿所述固定板6轴线滑动，所述固定板6轴线与所述驱动轴4轴线平行。The shift fork 7 slides along the axis of the fixing plate 6 , and the axis of the fixing plate 6 is parallel to the axis of the drive shaft 4 .
驱动齿轮3滑键5设置在所述驱动轴4上，所述驱动齿轮3在驱动轴4的滑键5上移动距离即是所述第一齿轮1和所述第二齿轮2轴向的距离。滑键5的结构一方面可以保证驱动齿轮3与驱动轴4之间存在沿驱动轴4周向的卡箍限定，保证驱动齿轮3不会沿周向与驱动轴4发生相对运动，另一方面驱动齿轮3能够沿驱动轴4的轴向滑动，保证驱动齿轮3在第一齿轮1和第二齿轮2之间运动。The drive gear 3 feather key 5 is arranged on the drive shaft 4, and the moving distance of the drive gear 3 on the feather key 5 of the drive shaft 4 is the axial distance between the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 . On the one hand, the structure of the feather key 5 can ensure that there is a clamp limit between the drive gear 3 and the drive shaft 4 along the circumference of the drive shaft 4, so that the drive gear 3 will not move relative to the drive shaft 4 along the circumference; The driving gear 3 can slide along the axial direction of the driving shaft 4 to ensure that the driving gear 3 moves between the first gear 1 and the second gear 2 .
两所述拨叉7之间的间距大于所述驱动齿轮3的轴向长度，可以给驱动齿轮3的运动提供反向运动的惯性缓冲。The distance between the two shift forks 7 is greater than the axial length of the drive gear 3 , which can provide inertial buffering for the reverse movement of the drive gear 3 .
当第一齿轮1与驱动齿轮3啮合时，螺套11带动弯杆12远离驱动齿轮3，第一弹簧13被拉伸到一定程度会通过软绳14拉动激发停止机构18，档杆9脱离停止杆19的束缚，此时拨叉7被弹簧拉动并带动驱动齿轮3与第一齿轮1脱离啮合，并朝向第二齿轮2运动，利用惯性与第二齿轮2啮合；此时第二齿轮2带动驱动齿轮3反向旋转使得螺套11在螺杆10上也反向运动，朝向接近驱动齿轮3的方向运动，以此往复循环。When the first gear 1 meshes with the driving gear 3, the screw sleeve 11 drives the curved rod 12 away from the driving gear 3, and the first spring 13 is stretched to a certain extent to pull the excitation stop mechanism 18 through the soft rope 14, and the gear lever 9 disengages and stops At this time, the shift fork 7 is pulled by the spring and drives the driving gear 3 to disengage from the first gear 1, and moves toward the second gear 2, and uses inertia to mesh with the second gear 2; at this time, the second gear 2 drives The reverse rotation of the drive gear 3 causes the screw sleeve 11 to also reversely move on the screw rod 10 , moving towards the direction close to the drive gear 3 , thereby reciprocating.
驱动齿轮3与第一齿轮1啮合时，停止机构18限定住档杆9，连接弯杆12的第一弹簧13被拉伸，并绷紧软绳14逐渐拉动停止杆19激发档杆9脱离直角面23束缚即可以使得拨叉7迅速朝向第二齿轮2一侧运动，并使得档杆9被另一侧的停止机构18束缚；然后在第二齿轮2驱动反向旋转时，对称的另一侧机构反向重复上述运动动作，并不断循环。When the driving gear 3 meshes with the first gear 1, the stop mechanism 18 limits the gear lever 9, the first spring 13 connected to the curved lever 12 is stretched, and the soft rope 14 is tightened to gradually pull the stop lever 19 to activate the gear lever 9 to break away from the right angle. Constrained by the surface 23, the shift fork 7 can quickly move towards one side of the second gear 2, and the gear lever 9 is bound by the stop mechanism 18 on the other side; then when the second gear 2 is driven to rotate in reverse, the other symmetrical The side mechanism repeats the above-mentioned motion actions in reverse, and continuously circulates.
在驱动齿轮3脱离第一齿轮1啮合前，第一弹簧13处于拉伸状态，然后停止机构18激发拨叉7运动，弹簧迅速回缩，此时驱动齿轮3与第二齿轮2啮合，螺套11反向运动，第一弹簧13的两个端部由于弯杆12和拨叉7位置交叉变换，柔性的弹簧两端各跟随作位置对调，并在螺套11的继续运动下，反向拉伸第一弹簧13。Before the driving gear 3 is engaged with the first gear 1, the first spring 13 is in a stretched state, and then the stop mechanism 18 excites the movement of the shift fork 7, and the spring retracts rapidly. At this time, the driving gear 3 is engaged with the second gear 2, and the screw sleeve 11 reverse movement, the two ends of the first spring 13 are cross-transformed due to the position of the bending rod 12 and the shift fork 7, and the two ends of the flexible spring follow the position of each other, and under the continued movement of the screw sleeve 11, reverse pull Stretch the first spring 13.
以上依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定技术性范围。The above is inspired by the ideal embodiment of the present invention. Through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications within the scope of not departing from the technical idea of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
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| US4781071A (en) * | 1985-12-28 | 1988-11-01 | Gutierrez Arturo M | Device for reciprocating movement |
| DE102009043326B4 (en) * | 2008-09-30 | 2011-02-03 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Vehicle reversing device |
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