CN105089653A - Experiment device and method for measuring interlayer fluid channeling quantity of multilayer commingled production gas well - Google Patents
Experiment device and method for measuring interlayer fluid channeling quantity of multilayer commingled production gas well Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an experiment device and a method for measuring the interlayer fluid channeling quantity of a multilayer commingled production gas well. The device comprises a stratum simulator, wherein multilayer rock cores are arranged inside the stratum simulator in a laminated way; a gas-permeable separation layer is arranged between the adjacent rock layers; deformable sealing pads are arranged between the top wall of the stratum similar and the corresponding rock core and the bottom wall of the stratum simulator and the corresponding rock core, so that a burden pressure fluid chamber is formed between the top wall and/or the bottom wall and the corresponding sealing pad; a plurality of measuring gas inlets communicated with the corresponding rock core are formed in the side wall of a casing of the stratum simulator; a burden fluid inlet communicated with the burden pressure fluid chamber is arranged on the bottom wall of the casing of the stratum simulator; simulation oil pipes extend to pass through the top wall of the stratum simulator; lower end openings of the simulation oil pipes extend into the rock cores to be measured; the simulation oil pipes are used for introducing out measuring gas; and the difference value of the air inlet quantity and the air outlet quantity of the rock cores to be measured is the interlayer fluid channeling quantity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Oil-Gas Well Engineering, particularly relate to the experimental facilities measuring commingling production gas well crossflow amount.The invention still further relates to the method using this experimental facilities to measure crossflow amount.
Background technology
Fine and close low permeability gas reservoir great majority are grown and are overlapped reservoir more, and for improving well yield, gas well often exploits multiple reservoir simultaneously.The gas of the multiple reservoir in underground is output simultaneously, shows as a well head output on ground, but cannot know the crossflow amount can not closed completely and cause due to the different and interlayer of interlayer pressure number.Crossflow reduces gas field recovery percent of reserves, how much measures crossflow, can instruct the scientific and reasonable Efficient Development in gas field.
At present, under most cases, can only set up by numerical simulation software the model that commingling production gas well interlayer interlayer not exclusively closes and simulate and calculate channelling situation, but this method is subject to the restriction of the accuracy of set up gas well reservoir model.
Therefore, need a kind of can at the device of laboratory accurate Calculation commingling production gas well crossflow amount.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the present invention proposes a kind of experimental facilities measuring commingling production gas well crossflow amount.By this experimental facilities, can actual condition be simulated exactly in laboratory and accurately measure gas recovery well crossflow amount.
According to a first aspect of the invention, propose a kind of experimental facilities measuring commingling production gas well crossflow amount, comprise: stratum simulator, be stacked with multilayer core therein, the interlayer of gas-premeable is provided with between adjacent core, the roof of stratum simulator and be provided with flexible sealing mat between diapire and corresponding core thus roof and/or between diapire and corresponding sealing mat formed cover hydraulic fluid room, the housing sidewall of stratum simulator is provided with multiple measurement gas entrance be communicated with corresponding core respectively, the shell bottom wall of stratum simulator is provided with cover that hydraulic fluid room is communicated with cover hydraulic fluid entrance, extend through the roof of stratum simulator and lower ending opening extend in core to be measured for draw measure gas simulation oil pipe wherein, the air inflow of the measurement gas of core to be measured and the difference of gas output are crossflow amount.
By experimental facilities of the present invention, to the gas to be measured that core to be measured is different with the core charged pressure adjacent from core to be measured, gas can flow different core layers through interlayer due to the apparent pressure difference value in core, this shows as the difference between core air inflow to be measured and gas output, i.e. crossflow amount.This experimental principle is identical with the crossflow occurred in actual formation, and therefore this experimental facilities can simulate the crossflow in actual formation exactly, and experimental result also just can reflect actual conditions more accurately, and experimental cost is also lower.
In one embodiment, this experimental facilities also comprises the simulation wellbore hole running through extension from roof to bottom core, the part that simulation wellbore hole contacts with core forms measuring section, the part that simulation wellbore hole contacts with interlayer forms seal section, measuring section is connected with corresponding core, in seal section, be provided with seal, simulation oil pipe extends through seal and is vertically arranged in simulation wellbore hole.By arranging simulation wellbore hole, more easily simulation oil pipe can be set in the simulator of stratum.In addition, due in practice of construction process, oil pipe is arranged in the wellbore exactly, and therefore this experimental facilities also simulates actual condition truly, makes measured experimental data react actual condition more realistically.In a preferred embodiment, the quantity of simulation oil pipe is multiple, and in simulation wellbore hole the parallel core place extending to different layers.Thus experimental facilities of the present invention can measure the channelling amount in gas well between multiple layers of position, improves conventional efficient simultaneously.
In one embodiment, measuring section is provided with multiple through hole.The simulation wellbore hole of this structure is used for Simulated gas bottom perforation, and this experimental facilities can analogue perforation and bore hole be produced.
In one embodiment, interlayer is provided with the center through hole that simulation wellbore hole extends through, and around multiple air vents that center through hole distributes.Use in experimental facilities of the present invention simulate crossflow time, this interlayer makes channelling can occur in any radial position of any radial position of whole core, and simulate actual formation situation, improves the confidence level of experimental data.
In one embodiment, be provided with multiple with corresponding measurement gas entrance in the region corresponding to core of the housing sidewall inner surface of stratum simulator and be communicated with cannelure, preferably, the height of cannelure is 1: 1 to 1: 1.1 with the ratio of the height of corresponding core.By arranging cannelure, when opening constant voltage source of the gas, gas can flow into cannelure rapidly by measuring gas entrance and arrive around core, thus the gas pressure of core edge is equal.Gas pressure by means of core edge is equal, gas flowing in core for entering in simulation wellbore hole along the radial flow of core bottom simulation wellbore hole, be Radial Flow Through Porous Media, this is consistent with the fluid neuron network pattern in reservoir in actual condition, thus improves the accuracy of experimental data.The height of cannelure is substantially equal with the height of corresponding core, and the gas pressure also contributing to core edge reaches balance fast, improves conventional efficient.
In one embodiment, the housing top wall and/or diapire inner surface of stratum simulator are provided with multiple with cover that hydraulic fluid entrance is communicated with cover hydraulic fluid groove, multiple hydraulic fluid groove that covers communicates with each other.By this structure, when by cover baric flow body source to cover hydraulic fluid room apply to cover hydraulic fluid time, these cover hydraulic fluid groove can make to cover hydraulic fluid and be full of rapidly and wholely cover hydraulic fluid room, realizes applying uniform pressure to core pressure.
In one embodiment, multiple measurement gas entrance is connected with source of the gas each via corresponding air pipe of measuring, and measures on air pipe be provided with pressure regulator valve at every root.Outlet pressure adjuster is provided with in the outlet of simulation oil pipe.By arranging pressure regulator valve and outlet pressure adjuster, the apparent pressure of the gas to be measured in core can be regulated easily, facilitate the use of user.In addition, this set can also the different gas reservoir of simulated pressure, thus a set of experimental facilities can be used to carry out different experiments, reduces experimental cost.
According to a second aspect of the invention, propose the method using and measure crossflow amount according to device mentioned above, multiple measurement gas entrance is connected with constant voltage source of the gas each via corresponding air pipe of measuring, and the outlet of simulation oil pipe is provided with outlet pressure adjuster, method comprises the following steps
Step one: be filled with cover hydraulic fluid to predetermined pressure to covering hydraulic fluid indoor;
Step 2: be filled with measurement gas to core, regulates admission pressure and/or the outlet pressure of core to be measured, and regulates admission pressure and/or the outlet pressure of adjacent core, makes the gas superficial pressure in core to be measured different from the gas superficial pressure in adjacent core;
Step 3: keep the admission pressure in step 2 and outlet pressure, until the air inflow of all cores and gas output stable after, calculate air inflow and the gas output difference of core to be measured, this difference is the crossflow amount between core to be measured and adjacent core.
In one embodiment, the pressure ratio admission pressure height at least 10% of hydraulic fluid indoor is covered.This can be avoided measuring gas and flow through between interlayer and the contact surface of core to be measured, and affects the accuracy of measurement result.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: (1) experimental facilities of the present invention is provided with the interlayer of gas-premeable between core.Because core interlayer pressure is different, the gas in different core layer can from certain one deck channelling to other one deck, thus device of the present invention can simulate crossflow.(2) experimental facilities of the present invention is provided with multiple simulation oil pipe extending to different layers core, thus can measure the channelling amount between multiple reservoir simultaneously.(3) cannelure is communicated with in the housing sidewall of stratum simulator corresponding to the inner surface of core being provided with multiple with corresponding measurement gas entrance.These cannelures make the air-flow in core be Radial Flow Through Porous Media, and this is consistent with the fluid neuron network pattern in reservoir in actual condition, thus improves the accuracy of experimental data.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Also will be described in more detail the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing based on embodiment hereinafter.Wherein:
Fig. 1 is the experimental facilities according to measurement commingling production gas well crossflow amount of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is according to stratum of the present invention simulator;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram according to simulation wellbore hole of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram according to interlayer of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is gas flow schematic diagram in the simulator of stratum according to the present invention.
In the accompanying drawings, identical parts use identical Reference numeral.Accompanying drawing is not according to the ratio of reality.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
Fig. 1 show schematically show the experimental facilities 10 (hereinafter referred to as experimental facilities 10) according to measurement commingling production gas well crossflow amount of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, experimental facilities 10 comprises stratum simulator 20, by the constant voltage source of the gas 11 measuring gas air inlet pipe 14a, 14b with 14c is connected with the measurement gas entrance of stratum simulator 20, with stratum simulator 20 cover that hydraulic fluid entrance is connected cover baric flow body source 12, and escape pipe 15a, 15b and 15c of being connected with the outlet of stratum simulator 20.Air inlet pipe 14a, 14b and 14c are respectively arranged with inlet air flow gauge 17a, 17b and 17c, escape pipe 15a, 15b and 15c are respectively arranged with give vent to anger flow meter 18a, 18b and 18c, and inlet air flow gauge and the difference of giving vent to anger between flow meter are exactly the channelling amount between corresponding core.Three air inlet pipe 14a, 14b and 14c as described herein and three escape pipes 15a, 15b and 15c are only in order to corresponding with the stratum simulator 20 that Fig. 2 describes, instead of restriction the present invention.
Constant voltage source of the gas 11 for being filled with measurement gas in stratum simulator 20, and ensures there is sufficient source of the gas in experimentation, maintains and measures gas by core, complete the DATA REASONING of experiment.Cover baric flow body source 12 for applying burden pressure in stratum simulator 20, to simulate actual formation pressure.Air inlet pipe 14a, 14b and 14c are connected to pressure regulator valve 16a, 16b and 16c successively, escape pipe 15a, 15b and 15c are provided with outlet pressure adjuster 13a, 13b and 13c, to facilitate the gas pressure regulated in stratum simulator 20.
Fig. 2 show schematically show the structure of stratum simulator 20.As shown in Figure 2, stratum simulator 20 is shell structure.In enclosure interior, overlapped way is provided with multilayer core, housing is provided with the measurement gas entrance be connected with core.Fig. 2 only show schematically show three layers of core 21a, 21b and 21c, and in fact the quantity of core can be two-layer, also can be three layers and more than.Only for layer core of three in Fig. 2, be provided with one corresponding to every layer of core and measure gas entrance 51a, 51b and 51c.Interlayer 22a, 22b of gas-premeable is provided with, to make, between the core of adjacent layer, gas channelling to occur between adjacent layer core.Between the roof 23 and most top layer core 21a of stratum simulator 20, be provided with the first sealing mat 24, the second sealing mat 26 is set between diapire 25 and bottom core 21c.First sealing mat 24 and the second sealing mat 26 guarantee that the gas be filled in core can not leave stratum simulator 20 from other approach, ensure that the accuracy of experimental data.First sealing mat 24 and the second sealing mat 26 all can be out of shape, and cover hydraulic fluid room 27 to make to be formed between roof 23 and the first sealing mat 24 and/or between diapire 25 and the second sealing mat 26.Only exemplarily show in fig. 2 to be formed between diapire 25 and the second sealing mat 26 and cover hydraulic fluid room 27, and be provided with on diapire 25 with cover that hydraulic fluid room 27 is communicated with cover hydraulic fluid entrance 60, certainly also can be located at covering hydraulic fluid room 27 and covering hydraulic fluid entrance 60 on roof 23, thus burden pressure can be applied from roof 23.
In order to the gas being passed into stratum simulator 20 is drawn, simulation wellbore hole 29 is provided with in stratum simulator 20, multiple simulation oil pipe is such as simulated oil pipe 28a, 28b and 28c and is then vertically arranged in simulation wellbore hole 29, and the outlet of simulating oil pipe 28a is connected with escape pipe 15b, the outlet of simulation oil pipe 28b is connected and 28c with escape pipe 15c, and the outlet of simulation wellbore hole 29 is connected with escape pipe 15a.
As shown in Figure 2, simulation wellbore hole 29 passes roof 23 and extends downwardly through the first sealing mat 24, three layers of core 21a, 21b and 21c and interlayer 22a, 22b, finally ends at the second sealing mat 26.That is, simulation wellbore hole 29 has run through roof 23, first sealing mat 24, three layers of core 21a, 21b and 21c and interlayer 22a, 22b, but does not run through the second sealing mat 26 and diapire 25.Pit shaft 29 also seals with the first sealing mat 24 and contacts, to avoid Leakage Gas.The part that simulation wellbore hole 29 contacts with core forms measuring section, and the part contacted with interlayer forms seal section, and that is measuring section and seal section are for being alternately distributed.Measuring section is connected with corresponding core; In seal section, be provided with seal, simulation oil pipe extends through seal and arranges.As shown in Figure 3, simulation wellbore hole 29 comprises measuring section 52a, 52b and 52c, and seal section 53a and 53b, and measuring section mixes seal section and is arranged alternately.
To simulate oil pipe 28a, the lower ending opening of simulation oil pipe 28a extends to the region of core 21b to be measured, the outlet of simulation oil pipe 28a is connected with escape pipe 15b, makes the gas flow entered by measuring gas entrance 51b enter escape pipe 15b through core 21b, simulation oil pipe 28a.The gas flowing of simulating in oil pipe 28b and simulation wellbore hole 29 (region beyond simulation oil pipe 28a, 28b) is similar with simulation oil pipe 28a, repeats no more here.
In confined state, as shown in Figure 2, the measuring section 52b of simulation wellbore hole 29 is communicated with core 21b, in simulation wellbore hole 29, be provided with seal 54a and 54b in seal section 53a and 53b, and simulation oil pipe 28a then extends through seal 54a.By this structure, the gas in core 21b can flow in measuring section 52a, and due to the effect of seal 54a and 54b, only can flow out along simulation oil pipe 28a.In practice of construction process, oil pipe is arranged in the wellbore exactly, and in pit shaft, is provided with packer to be separated by different reservoirs, and therefore experimental facilities 10 also simulates actual condition truly, makes experimental data react actual condition more realistically.
Below to measure the operating principle that the channelling amount corresponding to core 21b describes experimental facilities 10, the measurement gas passed into core 21a, 21b and 21c by constant voltage source of the gas 11, and record is to the air inflow of core 21b.The gas output in record simulation oil pipe 28a (it is communicated with core 21b) exit.Difference between air inflow and gas output then derives from the crossflow between core 21a and 21c and core 21b, thus has just recorded crossflow amount.
In order to simulate the fluid neuron network pattern in actual condition in reservoir more accurately, the housing sidewall inner surface of stratum simulator 20 is provided with cannelure, each cannelure is all corresponding to core and be connected with corresponding measurement gas entrance.As shown in Figure 2, for core 21b, cannelure 58 is corresponding with core 21b, and is communicated with measurement gas entrance 51b.In one embodiment, the height of cannelure 58 is 1: 1 with the ratio of the height of core 21b.When testing, after opening constant voltage source of the gas 11, gas can flow into rapidly cannelure 58 by measuring gas entrance 51b and arrive around core 21b, thus the pressure of core 21b edge remains equal, therefore gas flowing in core 21b is for entering in simulation wellbore hole 29 from the circumferential edge of core 21b along the radial flow of core 21b to simulation wellbore hole 29, be Radial Flow Through Porous Media, as shown in Figure 5.In this, Radial Flow Through Porous Media is consistent with the fluid neuron network pattern in reservoir in actual condition, thus improves the accuracy of experimental data.
Also as shown in Figure 2, diapire 25 inner surface of stratum simulator 20 is provided with multiple communicate with each other cover hydraulic fluid groove 59.Cover hydraulic fluid groove 59 and cover hydraulic fluid entrance 60.By this structure, when by cover baric flow body source 12 to cover hydraulic fluid room 27 apply cover hydraulic fluid time, these cover hydraulic fluid groove 59 can make to cover hydraulic fluid and be full of rapidly and wholely cover hydraulic fluid room 27, realize applying uniform pressure to core pressure, thus avoid the uniform not problem of burden pressure applying.In one embodiment, cover hydraulic fluid groove 59 to be communicated with each other by " ten " word groove (not shown).
Fig. 3 show schematically show the simulation wellbore hole 29 according to invention.The measuring section of simulation wellbore hole 29 is provided with multiple hole 55.Like this, the gas in core will enter in simulation wellbore hole 29 through hole 55.The simulation wellbore hole 29 of this structure can Simulated gas bottom perforation, and experimental facilities 10 can analogue perforation and bore hole be produced.
Fig. 4 show schematically show according to interlayer of the present invention.For interlayer 22a, interlayer 22a is rubber pad, the multiple air vents 57 being provided with center through hole 56 thereon and distributing around center through hole 56.When assembly experiment device 10, simulation wellbore hole 29 extends through center through hole 56, and multiple air vent 57 can communicate for making gas in adjacent core.When simulating crossflow, this interlayer makes channelling can occur in any radial position of whole core, and simulate actual formation situation, improves the confidence level of experimental data.In one embodiment, the size of air vent 57 can be 10/1 to 1/20 of rock core radius.
The method using this experimental facilities 10 to measure crossflow amount is described according to Fig. 1 and 2 below.
To measure the channelling amount between core 21b and 21a and 21c.First, hydraulic fluid is covered to predetermined pressure to covering in hydraulic fluid room 27 to be filled with.Here predetermined pressure can be the strata pressure residing for core 21b to be measured, thus the channelling amount between accurate simulation core 21b and 21a and 21c.
Then, in core 21a, 21b and 21c, measurement gas is filled with by constant voltage source of the gas 11.Regulate admission pressure and/or the outlet pressure of core 21a, 21b and 21c, make the gas superficial pressure in core 21b to be measured different from the gas superficial pressure in adjacent core 21a, 21c.In this application, term " gas superficial pressure " calculates according to the admission pressure of core and outlet pressure, its W-response gas pressure level of core inside.The calculating of this " gas superficial pressure " is known by those skilled in the art, repeats no more here.Because the gas superficial pressure in different layers is different, can there is channelling in the measurement gas in the core of therefore adjacent layer under differential pressure.Preferably, cover the pressure ratio admission pressure height at least 10% in hydraulic fluid room 27, such as can high 2MPa, this can be avoided measuring gas and flow through between interlayer 22a or 22b and core 21b contact surface to be measured, and affects the accuracy of measurement result.
Then, keep admission pressure and outlet pressure, namely keep the pressure reduction between adjacent layer constant, until the air inflow of core 21a, 21b and 21c and gas output stable after, calculate air inflow and the gas output difference of core 21b to be measured, this difference is core 21b to be measured and adjacent crossflow amount between core 21a, 21c.
In actual gas recovery, along with the carrying out of exploitation, the air pressure of reservoir also can reduce gradually.Here, reconfigurable pressure regulator valve 16a, 16b and 16c and outlet pressure adjuster 13a, 13b and 13c, carry out testing again.Therefore, the reservoir of experimental facilities 10 to different air pressure can be used to simulate, reduce experimental cost.
Although invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiment, without departing from the scope of the invention, various improvement can be carried out to it and parts wherein can be replaced with equivalent.Especially, only otherwise there is structural hazard, the every technical characteristic mentioned in each embodiment all can combine in any way.The present invention is not limited to specific embodiment disclosed in literary composition, but comprises all technical schemes fallen in the scope of claim.
Claims (11)
1. measure an experimental facilities for commingling production gas well crossflow amount, comprising:
Stratum simulator, be stacked with multilayer core therein, the interlayer of gas-premeable is provided with between adjacent core, described stratum simulator roof and be provided with flexible sealing mat between diapire and corresponding core thus described roof and/or between diapire and corresponding sealing mat formed cover hydraulic fluid room
The housing sidewall of described stratum simulator is provided with multiple measurement gas entrance be communicated with corresponding core respectively, the shell bottom wall of described stratum simulator is provided with described cover that hydraulic fluid room is communicated with cover hydraulic fluid entrance, extend through the roof of described stratum simulator and lower ending opening extend in core to be measured for drawing the simulation oil pipe measuring gas
Wherein, the air inflow of the measurement gas of described core to be measured and the difference of gas output are crossflow amount.
2. experimental facilities according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described multiple measurement gas entrance is connected with source of the gas each via corresponding air pipe of measuring, and measures on air pipe be provided with pressure regulator valve at every root.
3. experimental facilities according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, also comprise the simulation wellbore hole running through extension from described roof to bottom core, the part that described simulation wellbore hole contacts with described core forms measuring section, the part that described simulation wellbore hole contacts with described interlayer forms seal section
Described measuring section is connected with corresponding core, in described seal section, be provided with seal, and described simulation oil pipe extends through described seal and is vertically arranged in described simulation wellbore hole.
4. experimental facilities according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described measuring section is provided with multiple through hole.
5. the experimental facilities according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that, the quantity of described simulation oil pipe is multiple, and in described simulation wellbore hole the parallel core place extending to different layers.
6. the experimental facilities according to any one of claim 1 to 5, is characterized in that, is provided with outlet pressure adjuster in the outlet of described simulation oil pipe.
7. the experimental facilities according to any one of claim 1 to 6, is characterized in that, described interlayer is provided with the center through hole that described simulation wellbore hole extends through, and around multiple air vents that described center through hole distributes.
8. the experimental facilities according to any one of claim 1 to 7, it is characterized in that, described stratum simulator housing sidewall inner surface be communicated with cannelure corresponding to the region of core being provided with multiple and corresponding measurement gas entrance, preferably, the height of described cannelure is to 1: 1 to 1: 1.1 with the ratio of the height of corresponding core.
9. the experimental facilities according to any one of claim 1 to 8, it is characterized in that, the housing top wall and/or diapire inner surface of described stratum simulator are provided with multiple and described cover that hydraulic fluid entrance is communicated with cover hydraulic fluid groove, described multiple hydraulic fluid groove that covers communicates with each other.
10. the method using the experimental facilities according to any one of claim 1 to 9 to measure crossflow amount, described multiple measurement gas entrance is connected with constant voltage source of the gas each via corresponding air pipe of measuring, the outlet of described simulation oil pipe is provided with outlet pressure adjuster, said method comprising the steps of
Step one: be filled with cover hydraulic fluid to predetermined pressure to described hydraulic fluid indoor of covering;
Step 2: be filled with measurement gas in core, regulate admission pressure and/or the outlet pressure of core to be measured, and regulate admission pressure and/or the outlet pressure of adjacent core, make the gas superficial pressure in described core to be measured different from the gas superficial pressure in adjacent core;
Step 3: keep the admission pressure in described step 2 and outlet pressure, until the air inflow of all cores and gas output stable after, calculate air inflow and the gas output difference of described core to be measured; Described difference is the crossflow amount between core to be measured and adjacent core.
11. methods according to claim 10, is characterized in that, described in cover hydraulic fluid indoor pressure ratio described in admission pressure height at least 10%.
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| CN115822562A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-03-21 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司海南分公司 | Longitudinal heterogeneous gas reservoir capacity evaluation method considering in-layer cross flow |
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