CN105088004A - Copper-aluminum-iron-nickel-manganese-chromium-silicon alloy capable of improving wear-resistant performance - Google Patents
Copper-aluminum-iron-nickel-manganese-chromium-silicon alloy capable of improving wear-resistant performance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a copper-aluminum-iron-nickel-manganese-chromium-silicon alloy capable of improving the wear-resistant performance, and belongs to the technical field of copper alloy. The alloy is characterized by being composed of the following component: electrolytic copper, industrial aluminum ingot No.A00, common rust-free iron nails, electrolytic nickel, electrolytic manganese, electrolytic chromium, crystal silicon, and composite rare earth additive, comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: 9 to 10% of Al, 4 to 5% of Fe, 3 to 4% of Ni, 1.5 to 2.5% of Mn, 0.8 to 1.2% of Cr, 0.35 to 0.4% of Si, 0 to 1.2% of composite rare earth additive, and the balance being copper, and is prepared by smelting the weighed raw materials in an induction smelting furnace. After the materials are completely smelted, seven copper-aluminum-iron-nickel-manganese-chromium-silicon alloy blanks with different contents of composite rare earth additive are casted, then the blanks are sampled, the samples are processed through linear cutting to produce abrasive wear samples, and the abrasive wear experiments are carried out in a homemade MM-2000 testing machine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to copper alloy technical field, refer in particular to a kind of copper ferro-aluminum nickel manganese chrome-silicon alloy that can improve friction and wear behavior.
Background technology
Copper aluminum base alloy has excellent machinery, anti-corrosion, wear resisting property, as desirable machine construction material, is commonly used to valve, gear, worm gear, axle sleeve and the water screw etc. under manufacture complex working condition.The develop rapidly of science and technology, in the urgent need to improving the intensity of copper aluminum base alloy, hardness and wear resisting property further.The performance of copper aluminum base alloy is subject to the impact of many conditions.The performance of material is determined by the heterogeneous microstructure of its inside.All the time, the impact of chemical composition on its structure property of alloy enjoys the favor of domestic and international investigator, Chinese scholars explores the relation between its microtexture and performance by alloying constituent optimization design, thus is that the use properties improving this alloy provides new resolving ideas.In alloy, the structure property of the difference alloy of various elemental composition has direct impact.
In metallurgical industry, rare earth is often referred to as " VITAMIN " of metallic substance.Be characterized in the rare-earth action of a small amount of even trace in alloy, just can improve its over-all properties significantly.Rare earth element is mainly used in improving hot workability and cast structure in copper alloy, prevents segregation; Obtain high strength, good friction and wear behavior, thermal fatigue property and corrosion resistance nature.Add rare earth element in copper alloy and can improve the weave construction of copper, mechanical property and electroconductibility.Hardness and the tensile strength of alloy increase along with the increase of ree content, and the plasticity of alloy also arrives good effect simultaneously.Copper aluminum base alloy has that intensity is high, wear resisting property good, castability is excellent, melting technology is simple, power consumption less, the series of advantages such as pollution-free and material cost is low, thus be subject to the most attention of domestic and international expert, therefore McGill metals has the very strong market competitiveness.Based on this, the present invention develops a kind of copper ferro-aluminum nickel manganese chrome-silicon alloy that can improve friction and wear behavior.
Summary of the invention
A kind of copper ferro-aluminum nickel manganese chrome-silicon alloy that can improve friction and wear behavior, it is characterized by: with electrolytic copper, No. A00, industrial aluminium ingot, common iron nail, electrolytic nickel, electrolytic manganese, electrolysis chromium, silicon metal, the combined rare earth additive not containing rust, (components based on weight percentage is calculated, Nd10-15%, Tb8-12%, V7-10%, Sb7-10%, Ce6-9%, La+Sc+Sm+Er+Yb+Lu+Gd+Nb+Ti+Ba add up to 15-20%, and surplus is copper.) be raw material.Composition counts by weight percentage, the ratio being copper in Al9-10%, Fe4-5%, Ni3-4%, Mn1.5-2.5%, Cr0.8-1.2%, Si0.35-0.4%, combined rare earth additive 0-1.2%, surplus weigh after melting in induction melting furnace.Melting technology is: first add aluminium ingot, electrolytic copper, common iron nail, electrolytic nickel, electrolytic manganese, electrolysis chromium, silicon metal, the combined rare earth additive not containing rust, after material all melts, be incubated 4min-6min when being warming up to 1250 ~ 1300 DEG C and make each element homogenizing, then copper alloy refining deslagging agent is sprinkled into, leave standstill degasification of skimming after 5min-4min, when temperature is 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C, prepare cast.Casting technique is: sand mold casting, base plate is metal mold, the inner water flowing cooling of metal mold, by the blank of melted copper ferro-aluminum nickel manganese chrome-silicon aluminium alloy casting growth 250mm, wide 40mm, high 70mm, different according to the content adding combined rare earth additive, water and cast out the different copper ferro-aluminum Magno blank of seven groups of combined rare earth additive content, its combined rare earth additive add-on is respectively 0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.2%.Sample on blank, go out frictional wear sample by linear cutter, frictional wear sample is long 19.5mm, wide 10mm, high 8mm.Being of a size of external diameter Φ 40mm, endoporus Φ 16mm, thickness 10mm to mill part, is 40Cr, hardness 50-55HRC to the material of mill part.Frictional wear carries out on domestic MM-2000 type pin disc type trier.Abrasion loss is with of poor quality measurement of sample wearing and tearing front and back, and weigh and adopt MAll0 electronic analytical balance, precision is 0.00019g.Frictional wear type is oil lubrication frictional wear, and lubricating oil used is 30# machine oil.Each sample first carries out the pre-running-in of 30min, measures original weight after running-in, be then loaded on predetermined load-carrying and carry out wearing test before starting test.After friction-wear test terminates, by sample acetone ultrasonic cleaning 30min, then measure the weight of sample, and calculate the abrasion loss (wear weight loss) of sample.Sample and all cleaning with acetone mill part before each test, will be ground to No. 1200 by mill part sand paper before test next time after each test, to the surfaceness of mill part change when preventing from testing next time.In experiment, upper sample maintains static, and lower sample rotation rate is 400r/min.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 under different load, the asynchronous abrasion loss of combined rare earth additive content
◆－300N，■－600N，▲－900N，×－1200N
Combined rare earth additive copper aluminum base alloy worn surface is not added during Fig. 2 load 900N
Combined rare earth additive 0.4% bronze medal aluminum base alloy worn surface is added during Fig. 3 load 900N
Combined rare earth additive 0.8% bronze medal aluminum base alloy worn surface is added during Fig. 4 load 900N
Combined rare earth additive 1.2% bronze medal aluminum base alloy worn surface is added during Fig. 5 load 900N
Under Figure 1 shows that 300N, 600N, 900N, 1200N tetra-kinds of different loads, different composite rare earth addition content copper aluminum base alloy sample and 40Cr steel annulus are to the mill abrasion loss graphic representation of 4 hours.As seen from Figure 1, under 4 kinds of load, the wear resisting property adding combined rare earth additive copper aluminum base alloy is all better than the wear resisting property not adding combined rare earth additive copper aluminum base alloy, and abrasion loss all presents with the increase of combined rare earth additive content the Changing Pattern first reducing to increase again.Analytical data can also find, when combined rare earth additive add-on is less than 0.8%, the abrasion loss of copper aluminum base alloy reduces with the increase of rare earth adding quantity, and when combined rare earth additive content increases to 1.2% from 1.0%, the abrasion loss of copper aluminum base alloy starts again to increase, obviously exist, the copper aluminum base alloy adding 0.6-0.8% combined rare earth additive has best wear resisting property.
When Fig. 2-Figure 5 shows that combined rare earth additive add-on is different, the flour milling SEM pattern photo that copper aluminum base alloy weares and teares 4 hours under 900N load-up condition.As seen from Figure 2, when not adding combined rare earth additive, the wear surface of copper aluminum base alloy is very coarse, can find that matrix metal is squeezed and the very large plastometric set produced at polishing scratch place, there is bed separation phenomenon in material big area, find that there is the sign of avulsion simultaneously.
When Fig. 3 is for adding 0.4% combined rare earth additive, the wear surface of copper aluminum base alloy, and does not add combined rare earth additive copper aluminum base alloy flour milling and compares discovery, and the viscous deformation of copper aluminum base alloy is slight, and the abrasion loss of copper aluminum base alloy obviously reduces.When combined rare earth additive add-on reaches 0.8%, as shown in Figure 4, appreciable wear surface ratio is more smooth, and ditch dug with a plow is thin and shallow for wear surface, and the polishing machine of copper aluminum base alloy significantly improves.When combined rare earth additive content is %1.2 (Fig. 5), wearing and tearing start again to increase the weight of, and being presented as that the quantity of ditch dug with a plow, the degree of depth, bandwidth all have increases in various degree.In addition, between polishing scratch, there is shallow peel phenomenon.
embodiment
embodiment 1
With electrolytic copper, No. A00, industrial aluminium ingot, common iron nail, electrolytic nickel, electrolytic manganese, electrolysis chromium, silicon metal, the combined rare earth additive not containing rust, (components based on weight percentage is calculated, Nd10-15%, Tb8-12%, V7-10%, Sb7-10%, Ce6-9%, La+Sc+Sm+Er+Yb+Lu+Gd+Nb+Ti+Ba add up to 15-20%, and surplus is copper.) be raw material.Composition counts by weight percentage, the ratio being copper in Al9-10%, Fe4-5%, Ni3-4%, Mn1.5-2.5%, Cr0.8-1.2%, Si0.35-0.4%, combined rare earth additive 0.4%, surplus weigh after melting in induction melting furnace.Melting technology is: first add aluminium ingot, electrolytic copper, common iron nail, electrolytic nickel, electrolytic manganese, electrolysis chromium, silicon metal, the combined rare earth additive not containing rust, after material all melts, be incubated 4min-6min when being warming up to 1250 ~ 1300 DEG C and make each element homogenizing, then copper alloy refining deslagging agent is sprinkled into, leave standstill degasification of skimming after 5min-4min, when temperature is 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C, prepare cast.Casting technique is: sand mold casting, and base plate is metal mold, the inner water flowing cooling of metal mold, by the blank of melted copper ferro-aluminum nickel manganese chrome-silicon aluminium alloy casting growth 250mm, wide 40mm, high 70mm.Sample on blank, go out frictional wear sample by linear cutter, frictional wear sample is long 19.5mm, wide 10mm, high 8mm.Being of a size of external diameter Φ 40mm, endoporus Φ 16mm, thickness 10mm to mill part, is 40Cr, hardness 50-55HRC to the material of mill part.Frictional wear carries out on domestic MM-2000 type pin disc type trier.Abrasion loss is with of poor quality measurement of sample wearing and tearing front and back, and weigh and adopt MAll0 electronic analytical balance, precision is 0.00019g.Frictional wear type is oil lubrication frictional wear, and lubricating oil used is 30# machine oil.Each sample first carries out the pre-running-in of 30min, measures original weight after running-in, be then loaded on predetermined load-carrying and carry out wearing test before starting test.After friction-wear test terminates, by sample acetone ultrasonic cleaning 30min, then measure the weight of sample, and calculate the abrasion loss (wear weight loss) of sample.Sample and all cleaning with acetone mill part before each test, will be ground to No. 1200 by mill part sand paper before test next time after each test, to the surfaceness of mill part change when preventing from testing next time.In experiment, upper sample maintains static, and lower sample rotation rate is 400r/min.As seen from Figure 1, when combined rare earth additive add-on is 0.4%, under the load that 300N, 600N, 900N, 1200N are different, the abrasion loss of copper ferro-aluminum nickel manganese chrome-silicon alloy is respectively 7mg, 18mg, 39mg, 66mg.
embodiment 2
With electrolytic copper, No. A00, industrial aluminium ingot, common iron nail, electrolytic nickel, electrolytic manganese, electrolysis chromium, silicon metal, the combined rare earth additive not containing rust, (components based on weight percentage is calculated, Nd10-15%, Tb8-12%, V7-10%, Sb7-10%, Ce6-9%, La+Sc+Sm+Er+Yb+Lu+Gd+Nb+Ti+Ba add up to 15-20%, and surplus is copper.) be raw material.Composition counts by weight percentage, the ratio being copper in Al9-10%, Fe4-5%, Ni3-4%, Mn1.5-2.5%, Cr0.8-1.2%, Si0.35-0.4%, combined rare earth additive 0.8%, surplus weigh after melting in induction melting furnace.Melting technology is: first add aluminium ingot, electrolytic copper, common iron nail, electrolytic nickel, electrolytic manganese, electrolysis chromium, silicon metal, the combined rare earth additive not containing rust, after material all melts, be incubated 4min-6min when being warming up to 1250 ~ 1300 DEG C and make each element homogenizing, then copper alloy refining deslagging agent is sprinkled into, leave standstill degasification of skimming after 5min-4min, when temperature is 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C, prepare cast.Casting technique is: sand mold casting, and base plate is metal mold, the inner water flowing cooling of metal mold, by the blank of melted copper ferro-aluminum nickel manganese chrome-silicon aluminium alloy casting growth 250mm, wide 40mm, high 70mm.Sample on blank, go out frictional wear sample by linear cutter, frictional wear sample is long 19.5mm, wide 10mm, high 8mm.Being of a size of external diameter Φ 40mm, endoporus Φ 16mm, thickness 10mm to mill part, is 40Cr, hardness 50-55HRC to the material of mill part.Frictional wear carries out on domestic MM-2000 type pin disc type trier.Abrasion loss is with of poor quality measurement of sample wearing and tearing front and back, and weigh and adopt MAll0 electronic analytical balance, precision is 0.00019g.Frictional wear type is oil lubrication frictional wear, and lubricating oil used is 30# machine oil.Each sample first carries out the pre-running-in of 30min, measures original weight after running-in, be then loaded on predetermined load-carrying and carry out wearing test before starting test.After friction-wear test terminates, by sample acetone ultrasonic cleaning 30min, then measure the weight of sample, and calculate the abrasion loss (wear weight loss) of sample.Sample and all cleaning with acetone mill part before each test, will be ground to No. 1200 by mill part sand paper before test next time after each test, to the surfaceness of mill part change when preventing from testing next time.In experiment, upper sample maintains static, and lower sample rotation rate is 400r/min.As seen from Figure 1, when combined rare earth additive add-on is 0.8%, under the load that 300N, 600N, 900N, 1200N are different, the abrasion loss of copper ferro-aluminum nickel manganese chrome-silicon alloy is respectively 3mg, 8mg, 22mg, 43mg.Abrasion loss is minimum.
embodiment 3
With electrolytic copper, No. A00, industrial aluminium ingot, common iron nail, electrolytic nickel, electrolytic manganese, electrolysis chromium, silicon metal, the combined rare earth additive not containing rust, (components based on weight percentage is calculated, Nd10-15%, Tb8-12%, V7-10%, Sb7-10%, Ce6-9%, La+Sc+Sm+Er+Yb+Lu+Gd+Nb+Ti+Ba add up to 15-20%, and surplus is copper.) be raw material.Composition counts by weight percentage, the ratio being copper in Al9-10%, Fe4-5%, Ni3-4%, Mn1.5-2.5%, Cr0.8-1.2%, Si0.35-0.4%, combined rare earth additive 1.2%, surplus weigh after melting in induction melting furnace.Melting technology is: first add aluminium ingot, electrolytic copper, common iron nail, electrolytic nickel, electrolytic manganese, electrolysis chromium, silicon metal, the combined rare earth additive not containing rust, after material all melts, be incubated 4min-6min when being warming up to 1250 ~ 1300 DEG C and make each element homogenizing, then copper alloy refining deslagging agent is sprinkled into, leave standstill degasification of skimming after 5min-4min, when temperature is 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C, prepare cast.Casting technique is: sand mold casting, and base plate is metal mold, the inner water flowing cooling of metal mold, by the blank of melted copper ferro-aluminum nickel manganese chrome-silicon aluminium alloy casting growth 250mm, wide 40mm, high 70mm.Sample on blank, go out frictional wear sample by linear cutter, frictional wear sample is long 19.5mm, wide 10mm, high 8mm.Being of a size of external diameter Φ 40mm, endoporus Φ 16mm, thickness 10mm to mill part, is 40Cr, hardness 50-55HRC to the material of mill part.Frictional wear carries out on domestic MM-2000 type pin disc type trier.Abrasion loss is with of poor quality measurement of sample wearing and tearing front and back, and weigh and adopt MAll0 electronic analytical balance, precision is 0.00019g.Frictional wear type is oil lubrication frictional wear, and lubricating oil used is 30# machine oil.Each sample first carries out the pre-running-in of 30min, measures original weight after running-in, be then loaded on predetermined load-carrying and carry out wearing test before starting test.After friction-wear test terminates, by sample acetone ultrasonic cleaning 30min, then measure the weight of sample, and calculate the abrasion loss (wear weight loss) of sample.Sample and all cleaning with acetone mill part before each test, will be ground to No. 1200 by mill part sand paper before test next time after each test, to the surfaceness of mill part change when preventing from testing next time.In experiment, upper sample maintains static, and lower sample rotation rate is 400r/min.As seen from Figure 1, when combined rare earth additive add-on is 1.2%, under the load that 300N, 600N, 900N, 1200N are different, the abrasion loss of copper ferro-aluminum nickel manganese chrome-silicon alloy is respectively 7mg, 12mg, 26mg, 49mg.
comparative example
With electrolytic copper, No. A00, industrial aluminium ingot, common containing rust iron nail, electrolytic nickel, electrolytic manganese, electrolysis chromium, silicon metal is for raw material.Composition counts by weight percentage, the ratio being copper in Al9-10%, Fe4-5%, Ni3-4%, Mn1.5-2.5%, Cr0.8-1.2%, Si0.35-0.4%, surplus weigh after melting in induction melting furnace.Melting technology is: first add aluminium ingot, electrolytic copper, common iron nail, electrolytic nickel, electrolytic manganese, electrolysis chromium, the silicon metal not containing rust, after material all melts, be incubated 4min-6min when being warming up to 1250 ~ 1300 DEG C and make each element homogenizing, then copper alloy refining deslagging agent is sprinkled into, leave standstill degasification of skimming after 5min-4min, when temperature is 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C, prepare cast.Casting technique is: sand mold casting, and base plate is metal mold, the inner water flowing cooling of metal mold, by the blank of melted copper ferro-aluminum nickel manganese chrome-silicon aluminium alloy casting growth 250mm, wide 40mm, high 70mm.Sample on blank, go out frictional wear sample by linear cutter, frictional wear sample is long 19.5mm, wide 10mm, high 8mm.Being of a size of external diameter Φ 40mm, endoporus Φ 16mm, thickness 10mm to mill part, is 40Cr, hardness 50-55HRC to the material of mill part.Frictional wear carries out on domestic MM-2000 type pin disc type trier.Abrasion loss is with of poor quality measurement of sample wearing and tearing front and back, and weigh and adopt MAll0 electronic analytical balance, precision is 0.00019g.Frictional wear type is oil lubrication frictional wear, and lubricating oil used is 30# machine oil.Each sample first carries out the pre-running-in of 30min, measures original weight after running-in, be then loaded on predetermined load-carrying and carry out wearing test before starting test.After friction-wear test terminates, by sample acetone ultrasonic cleaning 30min, then measure the weight of sample, and calculate the abrasion loss (wear weight loss) of sample.Sample and all cleaning with acetone mill part before each test, will be ground to No. 1200 by mill part sand paper before test next time after each test, to the surfaceness of mill part change when preventing from testing next time.In experiment, upper sample maintains static, and lower sample rotation rate is 400r/min.As seen from Figure 1, when not adding combined rare earth additive, under the load that 300N, 600N, 900N, 1200N are different, the abrasion loss of copper ferro-aluminum nickel manganese chrome-silicon alloy is respectively 21mg, 40mg, 62mg, 115mg.
Claims (2)
1. one kind can be improved the copper ferro-aluminum nickel manganese chrome-silicon alloy of friction and wear behavior, it is characterized by: with electrolytic copper, No. A00, industrial aluminium ingot, common iron nail, electrolytic nickel, electrolytic manganese, electrolysis chromium, silicon metal, the combined rare earth additive not containing rust, components based on weight percentage is calculated, Nd10-15%, Tb8-12%, V7-10%, Sb7-10%, Ce6-9%, La+Sc+Sm+Er+Yb+Lu+Gd+Nb+Ti+Ba add up to 15-20%, surplus is copper, is raw material; Composition counts by weight percentage, the ratio being copper in Al9-10%, Fe4-5%, Ni3-4%, Mn1.5-2.5%, Cr0.8-1.2%, Si0.35-0.4%, combined rare earth additive 0-1.2%, surplus weigh after melting in induction melting furnace; Melting technology is: first add aluminium ingot, electrolytic copper, common iron nail, electrolytic nickel, electrolytic manganese, electrolysis chromium, silicon metal, the combined rare earth additive not containing rust, after material all melts, be incubated 4min-6min when being warming up to 1250 ~ 1300 DEG C and make each element homogenizing, then copper alloy refining deslagging agent is sprinkled into, leave standstill degasification of skimming after 5min-4min, when temperature is 1200 ~ 1250 DEG C, prepare cast; Casting technique is: sand mold casting, base plate is metal mold, the inner water flowing cooling of metal mold, by the blank of melted copper ferro-aluminum nickel manganese chrome-silicon aluminium alloy casting growth 250mm, wide 40mm, high 70mm, water and cast out the different copper ferro-aluminum Magno blank of seven groups of combined rare earth additive content, its combined rare earth additive add-on is respectively 0%, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.2%; Sample on blank, go out frictional wear sample by linear cutter, frictional wear sample is long 19.5mm, wide 10mm, high 8mm; Being of a size of external diameter Φ 40mm, endoporus Φ 16mm, thickness 10mm to mill part, is 40Cr, hardness 50-55HRC to the material of mill part; Frictional wear carries out on domestic MM-2000 type pin disc type trier; Abrasion loss is with of poor quality measurement of sample wearing and tearing front and back, and weigh and adopt MAll0 electronic analytical balance, precision is 0.00019g; Frictional wear type is oil lubrication frictional wear, and lubricating oil used is 30# machine oil; Each sample first carries out the pre-running-in of 30min, measures original weight after running-in, be then loaded on predetermined load-carrying and carry out wearing test before starting test; After friction-wear test terminates, by sample acetone ultrasonic cleaning 30min, then measure the weight of sample, and calculate the abrasion loss of sample, wear weight loss; Sample and all cleaning with acetone mill part before each test, will be ground to No. 1200 by mill part sand paper before test next time after each test, to the surfaceness of mill part change when preventing from testing next time; In experiment, upper sample maintains static, and lower sample rotation rate is 400r/min.
2. a kind of copper ferro-aluminum nickel manganese chrome-silicon alloy that can improve friction and wear behavior according to claim 1, composition adds by Al9-10%, Fe4-5%, Ni3-4%, Mn1.5-2.5%, Cr0.8-1.2%, Si0.35-0.4%, combined rare earth additive 0.8%, and abrasion loss is minimum.
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| CN115365774A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-11-22 | 陕西斯瑞扶风先进铜合金有限公司 | Preparation process of high-strength wear-resistant copper alloy transmission worm gear for rock drill |
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Application publication date: 20151125 |