CN105084646B - A kind of processing system of dispersed wastewater - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a treatment system for dispersing domestic sewage, which comprises a septic tank (12), a hydrolysis acidification adjustment tank (1) and a strengthened artificial wetland (3) connected in series in sequence, and the strengthened artificial wetland (3) is from top to bottom Including water distribution pipe (4), biological zeolite enhanced nitrification area (5), denitrification area (6) and catchment area (7), in said catchment area is provided with water collection pipe (8), said water collection pipe ( 8) Connect with the siphon drain pipe (9). The treatment system for dispersed domestic sewage of the present invention effectively reduces the volume of septic tanks by separately collecting and treating the black water and gray water in the dispersed domestic sewage, and at the same time strengthens the overall efficiency in the artificial wetland based on biological zeolite. nitrogen removal.

Description

A Distributed Domestic Sewage Treatment System

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a treatment system suitable for dispersing domestic sewage.

Background technique

With the improvement of living standards, domestic sewage generated in rural areas has increased significantly. Residents in rural areas are scattered, and restricted by the natural geographical environment and economic and technical conditions, it is impossible to build drainage collection pipe networks. The urban centralized sewage treatment mode is not suitable for the treatment of rural scattered sewage, so decentralized sewage treatment technology is of great significance for sewage treatment in rural areas.

Black water is usually waste water and excrement from toilets, and gray water is domestic sewage from bathtubs, showers, sinks, and kitchen sinks. Black water is characterized by high concentration of organic matter, a large amount of suspended solids, and a large number of pathogenic microorganisms. It is difficult to treat and expensive. About 51% of COD, 91% of nitrogen, 78% of phosphorus and most of the pathogenic microorganisms in domestic sewage come from black water (Li Zifu, Jin Fan. Classified collection and treatment system of domestic sewage. China Water Supply and Drainage, 2001, 17 (1):64-65.). The four-pool purification system is a common process for rural domestic sewage treatment. However, black water and gray water are usually mixed and treated, resulting in a large volume of the first three pools of the four-pool purification system. Constructed wetlands are a commonly used ecological treatment technology when dealing with dispersed domestic sewage. However, conventional constructed wetlands have significant defects of weak denitrification capacity. For this reason, it is necessary to develop a biological-ecological combination treatment process in a targeted manner according to the characteristics of dispersed domestic sewage.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a treatment system suitable for treating dispersed domestic sewage. By separately collecting and treating the black water and gray water in the dispersed domestic sewage, the volume of the septic tank is effectively reduced, and at the same time Enhanced ammonia nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands based on biological zeolites.

A treatment system for dispersed domestic sewage, characterized in that it includes sequentially connected septic tanks, hydrolysis acidification adjustment tanks, and enhanced constructed wetlands, the enhanced constructed wetlands include water distribution pipes, biological zeolite enhanced nitrification areas, and reaction zones from top to bottom. A nitrification area and a water collection area. A water collection pipe is arranged in the water collection area, and the water collection pipe is connected with a siphon drainage pipe.

The treatment system for dispersed domestic sewage according to the present invention, wherein the hydrolysis acidification regulating pool and the strengthened artificial wetland are connected through a water inlet controller, and the water inlet controller is a siphon with a casing structure at the water inlet end Water inlet system, the casing structure includes an outer pipe and an inner pipe, the inner pipe includes a horizontal section of the inner pipe and a vertically arranged inner pipe water inlet pipe connected to the front end of the horizontal section of the inner pipe, the inner pipe The water inlet of the water inlet pipe is arranged upwards, the outer diameter of the inner pipe inlet pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer pipe, and the outer pipe is vertically arranged in the hydrolysis acidification adjustment tank, and the inner pipe inlet pipe on one side The side wall is fixed on one side of the lower inner wall of the outer pipe, the bottom of the outer pipe extends to the upper surface of the horizontal section of the inner pipe, and the water outlet end of the water inlet controller is connected to the water distribution pipe.

The treatment system for dispersed domestic sewage according to the present invention, wherein the distance between the highest position of the water inlet controller and the water inlet of the inner pipe inlet pipe is 15-25cm, and the horizontal section of the inner pipe The height from the lower surface to the water inlet of the inner pipe inlet pipe is 15cm, and the length of the outer pipe is 50cm; the inner pipe is a PVC pipe of DN50, and the outer pipe is a PVC pipe of DN100.

The treatment system for dispersed domestic sewage according to the present invention, wherein the height difference between the water inlet of the inner pipe inlet pipe and the bottom of the hydrolysis acidification adjustment tank is 50-80 cm; the bottom of the hydrolysis acidification adjustment tank to the inner The volume that can be accommodated between the heights of the water inlet of the pipe inlet pipe is equal to the amount of domestic sewage produced on average every day; The volume that the pool can accommodate is 1.1 to 1.3 times the pore volume of the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone.

The treatment system for dispersed domestic sewage according to the present invention, wherein the substrate used in the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone is zeolite, the filling thickness is 20-30cm, and the particle size of the zeolite is 3-7mm; the substrate used in the denitrification zone It is red brick slag, the particle size is 5-15mm, and the filling thickness is 30-60cm.

The treatment system for dispersed domestic sewage according to the present invention, wherein the siphon drainage pipe is a PVC pipe of DN20, its water inlet is connected to the water collection pipe, the highest position is flush with the water distribution pipe, and the water outlet is connected to the biological zeolite The bottom of the enhanced nitrification zone is level.

The treatment system for dispersed domestic sewage according to the present invention, wherein the water distribution pipe is arranged horizontally on the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification area, and wetland plants are planted on the surface of the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification area.

The treatment system for dispersed domestic sewage according to the present invention, wherein the wetland plants are water spinach in summer and ryegrass in winter.

The treatment system for dispersed domestic sewage according to the present invention, wherein the septic tank is a connected two-compartment septic tank, and the water outlet of the septic tank is 5 cm higher than the highest position of the water inlet controller. The septic tank is connected with the black water pipe, and the hydrolysis acidification regulating tank is connected with the gray water pipe.

A method for sewage treatment using the described decentralized domestic sewage treatment system, comprising the steps of:

The black water in the dispersed domestic sewage flows into the hydrolytic acidification adjustment tank together with the gray water after being treated in the septic tank. After being homogenized, precipitated, and hydrolytic acidified, it is automatically controlled by the water inlet controller, and the siphon flows through the strengthened artificial wetland in sequence. Water distribution pipe, biological zeolite enhanced nitrification area, denitrification area, water collection area and water collection pipe, and finally discharged through siphon drainage pipe;

The sewage treatment process is divided into a water intake period and a resting period. During the flooding period of the enhanced artificial wetland, the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone quickly adsorbs ammonia nitrogen and some organic matter in the wastewater. Under the condition of oxygen, the nitrifying bacteria in the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone will oxidize the ammonia nitrogen adsorbed in the water inflow period to nitrate, and the nitrate produced in the standing period will flow into the denitrification zone with the water in the next water inflow period, and the denitrification microorganisms will use the nitrate in the water. The organic matter is an electron donor, which is converted into nitrogen and removed.

The difference between the treatment system of the present invention for dispersing domestic sewage and the prior art is:

The treatment system for dispersing domestic sewage of the present invention has the following advantages:

1. The present invention collects and treats the black water and gray water of dispersed domestic sewage separately, effectively reducing the volume of the septic tank.

2. The height of the inlet of the water inlet controller and the design of the casing can prevent the sediment and scum in the sewage from entering the strengthened constructed wetland.

3. The design of the height difference between the water inlet of the water inlet controller and the highest level of the water inlet controller fully considers the characteristics of the large change in the amount of dispersed domestic sewage water along time, so that the domestic sewage generated can be treated as soon as possible, so that it can be effectively Improve the removal effect of pollutants in the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone of enhanced constructed wetland during the standing period.

4. The adsorption speed of ammonia nitrogen by biological zeolite is fast, while the speed of biological regeneration is slow. Using the siphon water inlet controller to feed the biological zeolite-enhanced nitrification zone of the enhanced constructed wetland can realize the rapid adsorption of ammonia nitrogen in the wastewater by the biological zeolite-enhanced nitrification zone while minimizing the adsorption and removal of organic matter. The adsorbed organic matter can be used as an electron donor for denitrification in the denitrification zone, improving the removal rate of total nitrogen in wastewater.

5. The diameter design of the siphon drainage pipe can drain the water in the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification area as much as possible to ensure the reoxygenation effect during the standing period.

The treatment system for dispersed domestic sewage of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the treatment system of dispersed domestic sewage of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 .

Among them, 1: hydrolysis acidification regulating pool; 2: water inlet controller; 3: strengthened artificial wetland; 4: water distribution pipe; 5: biological zeolite enhanced nitrification area; 6: denitrification area; 7: catchment area; 8: collection Water pipe; 9: siphon drainage pipe; 10: horizontal section of inner pipe; 11: water inlet of inner pipe inlet pipe; 12: two septic tanks; 13: wetland plants; 14: outer pipe.

detailed description

Example 1

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the processing system of the dispersed domestic sewage of the present invention is made up of biological treatment unit and ecological treatment unit, and biological treatment unit comprises two grid septic tanks 12 and hydrolytic acidification regulating tank 1, and ecological treatment unit is the strengthening artificial Wetland 3. The black water in the dispersed domestic sewage is treated by the two septic tanks 12 and the gray water flows into the hydrolytic acidification adjustment tank 1. After being homogenized, precipitated, and hydrolytic acidified, it is automatically controlled by the water inlet controller 2, and the siphon flows through the intensified tank in turn. The water distribution pipe 4 of the constructed wetland 3, the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification area 5, the denitrification area 6, the water collection area 7 and the water collection pipe 8 are finally discharged through the siphon drainage pipe 9.

In the present embodiment, the residence time of the two grid septic tanks 12 is 40 days, and its water outlet is 5 cm higher than the highest position of the water inlet controller 2 . The water inlet controller 2 is a siphon water inlet system with a casing at the water inlet. The inner pipe of the casing is a PVC pipe of DN50, and the outer pipe 14 is a PVC pipe of DN100; the lower end of the outer pipe 14 extends to the horizontal section 10 of the inner pipe. and fixed on one side with the inner pipe; the height from the lower surface of the horizontal section 10 of the inner pipe to the water inlet 11 of the inner pipe water inlet pipe is 15cm; the length of the outer pipe is 50cm; the highest position of the water inlet controller 2 and The height difference of the water inlet 11 of the inner pipe water inlet pipe is 20cm. The height difference between the water inlet 11 of the inner pipe inlet pipe and the bottom of the hydrolysis acidification adjustment tank 1 is 60cm; the volume between the bottom of the hydrolysis acidification adjustment tank 1 and the height of the water inlet 11 of the inner pipe inlet pipe is equal to the daily average domestic sewage volume; The volume between the water inlet 11 of the water inlet pipe of the inner pipe and the highest position of the water inlet controller 2 of the hydrolysis acidification regulating tank 1 is 1.2 times of the pore volume of the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone 5 .

In this embodiment, the substrate used in the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone 5 is zeolite, the filling thickness is 30cm, and the particle size of the zeolite is 3-7mm; the substrate used in the denitrification zone 6 is red brick slag, and the particle size is 5-7mm 15mm, the filling thickness is 50cm; the water distribution pipe is located on the surface of the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone 5.

In this embodiment, the siphon drainage pipe 9 is a PVC pipe of DN20, its water inlet end is connected with the water collection pipe 8, its highest position is flush with the water distribution pipe, and its water outlet is flush with the bottom of the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone 5. The wetland plants 13 planted in the strengthened artificial wetland 3 are spinach in summer and ryegrass in winter.

In this embodiment, the enhanced artificial wetland 3 is in the water intake period, and the ammonia nitrogen and part of the organic matter in the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone 5 rapidly adsorbs the waste water; during the standing period, under the condition of atmospheric reoxygenation, the nitrifying bacteria in the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone 5 will be carried out. The ammonia nitrogen adsorbed in the water period is oxidized to nitrate; the nitrate produced in the standing period will flow into the denitrification zone 6 with the water in the next water inflow period, and the denitrifying microorganisms will use the organic matter in the water as an electron donor and convert it into nitrogen to remove it. . Phosphorus in domestic sewage is removed by adsorption of brick slag in denitrification zone 6 absorbed by wetland plants 13 .

Its work process is in the present embodiment:

(1) According to the requirements of the above-mentioned decentralized domestic sewage treatment system, build a system with a treatment water volume of 450L/d.

(2) The results show that the system can continue to operate stably, and the effluent COD, ammonia nitrogen and TP indicators are all lower than the discharge limits stipulated in the "Pollutant Discharge Standards for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" (GB 18918-2002).

Example 2

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a treatment system for dispersed domestic sewage includes a septic tank 12, a hydrolysis acidification adjustment tank 1, and a reinforced constructed wetland 3 connected in series, and the reinforced constructed wetland 3 includes a water distribution pipe 4 from top to bottom , biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone 5, denitrification zone 6 and water collection area 7, a water collection pipe 8 is arranged in the water collection area, and the water collection pipe 8 is connected with a siphon drainage pipe 9. The hydrolytic acidification regulating pool 1 and the reinforced constructed wetland 3 are connected through a water inlet controller 2, the water inlet controller 2 is a siphon water inlet system with a casing structure at the water inlet, and the casing structure includes an outer pipe 14 and an inner pipe, The inner pipe includes a horizontal section 10 of the inner pipe and a vertically arranged inner pipe water inlet connected to the front end of the horizontal section of the inner pipe. The inner diameter of the outer pipe 14 is vertically arranged in the hydrolysis acidification regulating tank 1, the side wall on one side of the water inlet pipe of the inner pipe is fixed on one side of the lower inner wall of the outer pipe 14, and the bottom of the outer pipe 14 extends to the horizontal section 10 of the inner pipe The upper surface of the water inlet controller 2 is connected with the water distribution pipe 4 at the outlet end.

The distance between the highest position of the water inlet controller 2 and the height of the water inlet 11 of the inner pipe water inlet pipe is 15cm, and the height from the lower surface of the inner pipe horizontal section 10 to the water inlet 11 of the inner pipe water inlet pipe is 15cm. The length of 14 is 50cm; Inner pipe is the PVC pipe of DN50, and outer pipe 14 is the PVC pipe of DN100. The height difference between the water inlet 11 of the inner pipe inlet pipe and the bottom of the hydrolysis acidification adjustment tank 1 is 50cm; the volume that can be accommodated between the bottom of the hydrolysis acidification adjustment tank 1 and the water inlet 11 of the inner pipe inlet pipe is equal to the daily average The amount of domestic sewage; the volume that can be accommodated in the hydrolysis acidification adjustment tank 1 between the water inlet 11 of the inner pipe inlet pipe and the highest position of the water inlet controller 2 is 1.1 times the pore volume of the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone 5. The matrix used in the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone 5 is zeolite, the filling thickness is 20cm, and the particle size of the zeolite is 3-7mm; the matrix used in the denitrification zone 6 is red brick slag, the particle size is 5-15mm, and the filling thickness is 30cm . The siphon drainage pipe 9 is a PVC pipe of DN20, its water inlet is connected with the water collection pipe 8, the highest position is flush with the water distribution pipe 4, and the water outlet is flush with the bottom of the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone 5.

The water distribution pipe 4 is arranged horizontally on the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone 5, and wetland plants 13 are planted on the surface layer of the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone 5. Wetland plant 13 is spinach in summer and ryegrass in winter. The septic tank 12 is two connected septic tanks, the water outlet of the septic tank 12 is 5cm higher than the highest position of the water inlet controller 2, the septic tank 12 is connected with the black water pipe, and the hydrolysis acidification adjustment tank 1 Connected to gray water pipe.

A method for sewage treatment using a decentralized domestic sewage treatment system, comprising the steps of:

The black water in the dispersed domestic sewage is treated by the septic tank 12 and flows into the hydrolytic acidification adjustment tank 1 together with the gray water. After being homogenized, precipitated, and hydrolytic acidified, it is automatically controlled by the water inlet controller 2, and the siphon flows through the strengthening tank in sequence. The water distribution pipe 4 of the constructed wetland 3, the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification area 5, the denitrification area 6, the water collection area 7 and the water collection pipe 8, and finally discharged through the siphon drainage pipe 9;

The sewage treatment process is divided into the water intake period and the rest period. During the water intake period of the enhanced artificial wetland 3, the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone 5 quickly absorbs ammonia nitrogen and some organic matter in the wastewater. Under the condition of biological zeolite-enhanced nitrification zone 5, the nitrifying bacteria oxidize the ammonia nitrogen adsorbed in the water inflow period to nitrate, and the nitrate produced in the standing period will flow into the denitrification zone 6 with the water in the next water inflow period, and the denitrifying microorganisms will use the nitrate in the water The organic matter is an electron donor, which is converted into nitrogen and removed.

Example 3

The difference with Embodiment 2 is that the distance between the highest position of the water inlet controller 2 and the height of the water inlet 11 of the inner pipe water inlet pipe is 25 cm, and the water inlet 11 of the inner pipe water inlet pipe and the bottom of the hydrolysis acidification regulating tank 1 The height difference is 80cm; the volume that can be accommodated in the hydrolysis acidification adjustment tank 1 between the water inlet 11 of the inner pipe inlet pipe and the highest position of the water inlet controller 2 is 1.3 times the pore volume of the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone 5. The matrix used in the biological zeolite enhanced nitrification zone 5 is zeolite, the filling thickness is 25cm, and the particle size of the zeolite is 3-7mm; the matrix used in the denitrification zone 6 is red brick slag, the particle size is 5-15mm, and the filling thickness is 60cm . Others are the same as embodiment 2.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only descriptions of preferred implementations of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Variations and improvements should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A kind of 1. processing system of dispersed wastewater, it is characterised in that：Including septic tank (12), the hydrolysis acidification being sequentially connected in series Regulating reservoir (1) and strengthened artificial wet land (3), the strengthened artificial wet land (3) include water distributor (4), biozeolite from top to bottom Strengthen nitrification zone (5), denitrification zone (6) and gathering ground (7), collector pipe (8), the collector pipe are provided with the gathering ground (8) it is connected with siphon drainage pipe (9)；Pass through water inlet between the hydrolysis acidification regulating reservoir (1) and the strengthened artificial wet land (3) Controller (2) is connected, it is described enter water controller (2) be that water inlet end has the siphon inlet system of sleeve structure, described sleeve pipe knot Structure includes outer tube (14) and inner tube, and said inner tube includes inner tube horizontal segment (10) and is connected with the front end of said inner tube horizontal segment The inner tube water inlet pipe being vertically arranged, the water inlet (11) of said inner tube water inlet pipe are set upward, the external diameter of said inner tube water inlet pipe Less than the internal diameter of the outer tube (14), the outer tube (14) is vertically arranged in hydrolysis acidification regulating reservoir (1), said inner tube water inlet The side wall of the side of pipe is fixed on the side of the lower inner wall of the outer tube (14), and the bottom of the outer tube (14) extends to described The upper surface of inner tube horizontal segment (10), it is described enter water controller (2) water side be connected with the water distributor (4)；The water inlet The distance between the highest order of controller (2) and the height of water inlet (11) of said inner tube water inlet pipe are 15~25cm, described The lower surface of inner tube horizontal segment (10) to the height of the water inlet (11) of said inner tube water inlet pipe is 15cm, the outer tube (14) Length is 50cm；Said inner tube is DN50 pvc pipe, and the outer tube (14) is DN100 pvc pipe；Said inner tube water inlet pipe Water inlet (11) and the discrepancy in elevation of the bottom of the hydrolysis acidification regulating reservoir (1) are 50~80cm；The hydrolysis acidification regulating reservoir (1) It is dirty to be equal to average daily caused life for open ended volume between height residing for bottom to the water inlet (11) of said inner tube water inlet pipe Water；The hydrolysis acidification that the water inlet (11) of said inner tube water inlet pipe enters between water controller (2) highest order described in is adjusted Section pond (1) open ended volume is 1.1~1.3 times that the biozeolite strengthens nitrification zone (5) pore volume；The biology boiling The matrix that stone reinforcing nitrification zone (5) uses is zeolite, and filling thickness is 20~30cm, and the particle diameter of zeolite is 3~7mm；It is described anti- For the matrix that nitrification zone (6) uses for common brick brick slag, particle diameter is 5~15mm, and filling thickness is 30~60cm.
2. 2. the processing system of dispersed wastewater according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The siphon drainage pipe (9) For DN20 pvc pipe, its water inlet end connects with the collector pipe (8), and highest order is concordant with the water distributor (4), delivery port with The bottom that the biozeolite strengthens nitrification zone (5) is concordant.
3. 3. the processing system of dispersed wastewater according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The water distributor (4) is horizontal It is arranged on the biozeolite to strengthen on nitrification zone (5), kind is implanted with wet on the top layer of biozeolite reinforcing nitrification zone (5) Ground plant (13).
4. 4. the processing system of dispersed wastewater according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Wetland plant (13) summer Season is water spinach, and winter is rye grass.
5. 5. the processing system of dispersed wastewater according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The septic tank (12) is company Two grid septic tanks connect, the high 5cm in extreme higher position of water controller (2) is entered described in the delivery port ratio of the septic tank (12), it is described Septic tank (12) is connected with Heisui River pipe, and the hydrolysis acidification regulating reservoir (1) is connected with grey water pipe.
6. 6. a kind of processing system of dispersed wastewater using described in any one in Claims 1 to 5 carries out sewage disposal Method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

   Heisui River in dispersed wastewater flows into hydrolysis acidification regulating reservoir (1) together after septic tank (12) processing with buck In, after homogeneous, precipitation, hydrolysis acidification, automatically controlled by entering water controller (2), siphon flows through strengthened artificial wet land successively (3) water distributor (4), biozeolite strengthens nitrification zone (5), denitrification zone (6), gathering ground (7) and collector pipe (8), most passes through afterwards Discharged by siphon drainage pipe (9)；

   The sewage disposal process was divided into water phase and standing phase, and the strengthened artificial wet land (3) is in the phase of water inlet, biozeolite Strengthen the ammonia nitrogen and partial organic substances in nitrification zone (5) quick adsorption waste water, it is raw under the conditions of air reaeration in the phase of standing The ammonium oxidation of the phase of water inlet absorption is nitrate by the Zeolite strengthened nitrification zone of thing (5) nitrifier, and nitrate caused by the standing phase exists Next water inlet phase, denitrification zone (6) are flowed into water, it is electron donor to utilize the organic matter in water by denitrifying microorganism, is turned Turn to nitrogen and remove.