CN105084633A - Eutrophication water body in-situ electromagnetic coupling flocculation precipitation device - Google Patents
Eutrophication water body in-situ electromagnetic coupling flocculation precipitation device Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
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Abstract
一种富营养化水体原位电磁耦合絮凝沉淀装置，包括蓄电池、太阳能电池板及与太阳能电池板相连的浮筒，太阳能电池板与蓄电池连接，浮筒上部设有污水泵、污泥泵、蓄电池、空压机和磁种投加器，污水泵、污泥泵、空压机和磁种投加器分别与蓄电池连接，浮筒中部设有絮凝反应区，絮凝反应区下部为污泥沉降区，污泥沉降区两旁为沉淀分离区，浮筒外的富营养化水体通过污水泵抽入絮凝反应区，絮凝反应区设有多对电絮凝用的阳极和阴极，下方安装有与空压机连接的穿孔曝气管，磁种投加器用于投加磁种进入絮凝反应区，污泥沉降区的两侧表面安装有强力磁铁。本发明运行成本低，维护简单，无药剂污染和固体废物产生，磁种易回收，浓缩沉淀能直接用作肥料。
An in-situ electromagnetic coupling flocculation and sedimentation device for eutrophic water body, comprising a storage battery, a solar panel and a buoy connected to the solar panel, the solar panel is connected to the battery, and the upper part of the buoy is provided with a sewage pump, a sludge pump, a storage battery, an air The compressor and magnetic seed doser, sewage pump, sludge pump, air compressor and magnetic seed doser are respectively connected to the battery. The middle part of the buoy is equipped with a flocculation reaction area, and the lower part of the flocculation reaction area is a sludge settlement area. Both sides of the settlement area are sedimentation and separation areas. The eutrophic water outside the buoy is pumped into the flocculation reaction area through the sewage pump. The flocculation reaction area is equipped with multiple pairs of anodes and cathodes for electrocoagulation, and a perforated aerator connected to an air compressor is installed below. The trachea and magnetic seed doser are used to add magnetic seeds into the flocculation reaction zone, and powerful magnets are installed on both sides of the sludge settling zone. The invention has low operating cost, simple maintenance, no chemical pollution and solid waste generation, easy recovery of magnetic seeds, and concentrated precipitation can be directly used as fertilizer.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及水资源保护与水环境治理领域，具体是一种富营养化水体原位电磁耦合絮凝沉淀装置。The invention relates to the field of water resources protection and water environment treatment, in particular to an in-situ electromagnetic coupling flocculation and sedimentation device for eutrophic water bodies.
背景技术Background technique
过量营养物质(主要是氮磷)造成的湖库水体富营养化的程度和范围在我国呈快速发展趋势，形势十分严峻。水体富营养化防治通常采用藻类控制和过量氮磷等营养物质削减相结合的方式。对藻类控制来说，常用打捞除藻、机械除藻或化学除藻等方法；过量营养物质削减大多采用清水稀释、植物吸收净化等措施。上述藻类防治措施耗时耗力，机械或药剂投入大，处理效率也不甚理想；过量营养物质削减通常需要配套建设引水工程或生态修复工程，引水工程耗资巨大，需要引调大量清水；生态修复工程耗时长，见效慢。由此可见，在外源截污背景下，采用合适的工艺方法快速消减水体中的氨氮和磷等营养物质，将其带离湖库水体；与此同时，使富营养化水体中的藻类生长得到有效控制，是今后治理河湖富营养化问题的重要方向。The degree and scope of eutrophication of lakes and reservoirs caused by excessive nutrients (mainly nitrogen and phosphorus) is developing rapidly in my country, and the situation is very severe. The prevention and control of eutrophication in water bodies usually adopts a combination of algae control and excess nitrogen and phosphorus reduction. For algae control, salvage algae removal, mechanical algae removal or chemical algae removal are commonly used; excess nutrients are mostly diluted with water, plant absorption and purification. The above-mentioned algae control measures are time-consuming and labor-intensive, with a large investment in machinery or chemicals, and the treatment efficiency is not ideal; the reduction of excess nutrients usually requires the construction of supporting water diversion projects or ecological restoration projects, which are costly and require a large amount of fresh water; ecological restoration The project takes a long time and the results are slow. It can be seen that, under the background of exogenous pollution interception, adopt appropriate technological methods to quickly reduce the nutrients such as ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body, and take them away from the lake water body; at the same time, the growth of algae in the eutrophic water body can be improved Effective control is an important direction for future treatment of eutrophication in rivers and lakes.
水体富营养化通常易在天然缓流水体发生，该水域体积大、氮磷等浓度低于工业废水或市政生活污水，难以抽取后在岸边用传统污水处理工艺净化。富营养化水体原位处理具有不占地、机动、灵活、处理效率高于生态修复工程、见效相对较快、受季节气候影响较小等优点。目前，国内外公开了一些富营养化水体移动式处理装置或技术，一般采用在移动平台上搭载吸附、微电流电解、微纳米曝气等水质净化单元，通过氮磷吸附、微电流电解抑藻以及曝气增氧的方式原位抑藻和削减氮磷；或者借鉴岸边处理A/A/O的工艺原理，在移动平台上整合厌氧-缺氧-好氧与沉淀技术，利用微生物的作用原位脱氮除磷。磁絮凝的沉淀分离效果好，可应用于富营养化水体处理，通过吸水装置将富营养化水体、底泥或底泥中的孔隙水输送至岸边，进行磁絮凝+生态浮岛处理。综上可看出，目前已存在一些富营养化水体原位处理技术，但基于电絮凝以及电磁絮凝原位处理尚未见报道。Eutrophication of water bodies usually occurs in natural slow-flowing water bodies. The volume of this water area is large, and the concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus is lower than that of industrial wastewater or municipal sewage. It is difficult to extract and purify by traditional sewage treatment processes on the shore. The in-situ treatment of eutrophic water has the advantages of not occupying land, maneuverability, flexibility, higher treatment efficiency than ecological restoration projects, relatively quick results, and less affected by seasonal climate. At present, some mobile treatment devices or technologies for eutrophic water bodies have been disclosed at home and abroad. Generally, water purification units such as adsorption, micro-current electrolysis, and micro-nano aeration are mounted on mobile platforms, and algae are inhibited through nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption and micro-current electrolysis. and the way of aeration and oxygenation to suppress algae and reduce nitrogen and phosphorus in situ; or learn from the process principle of A/A/O treatment on the shore, integrate anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic and sedimentation technologies on the mobile platform, and use microbial The effect is to remove nitrogen and phosphorus in situ. The sedimentation and separation effect of magnetic flocculation is good, and it can be applied to the treatment of eutrophic water body. The eutrophic water body, bottom mud or pore water in bottom mud is transported to the shore through the water absorption device, and magnetic flocculation + ecological floating island treatment is carried out. To sum up, it can be seen that there are some in-situ treatment technologies for eutrophic water bodies, but in-situ treatment based on electro-flocculation and electromagnetic flocculation has not been reported.
发明人在实现本发明的过程中发现，现有富营养化水体原位处理装置或技术存在较大不足：吸附材料用量大、难回收、电解用的电极易钝化、营养物质处理效率低且不易资源化回收利用；易受外界环境影响，微生物脱氮除磷稳定性不足、效率不高；磁絮凝的药剂投入量大、成本高、沉淀存在二次污染、不易资源化利用。与此同时，电絮凝无需絮凝药剂、吸附材料及微生物等投入，藻类和氮磷等去除性能稳定、效率高、沉淀无污染，但也存在能耗高、电极易钝化、沉淀分离难等缺陷。富营养化水体的水面开阔，太阳能利用条件优越，如何利用太阳能低成本原位电磁絮凝处理富营养化水体，缓解电极钝化老化、摆脱絮凝剂依赖、抑制藻类快速生长、便利回收水体氮磷，将是解决天然水体富营养化的新思路，具有极大的环境、经济、社会效益和应用前景。In the process of realizing the present invention, the inventors found that the existing in-situ treatment devices or technologies for eutrophic water bodies have major deficiencies: large amount of adsorption materials, difficult recovery, easy passivation of electrodes for electrolysis, and low efficiency of nutrient treatment And it is not easy to recycle and reuse; it is easily affected by the external environment, and the stability and efficiency of microbial nitrogen and phosphorus removal are not high; the input of magnetic flocculation agents is large, the cost is high, and there is secondary pollution in the sediment, so it is not easy to recycle. At the same time, electrocoagulation does not require the input of flocculation agents, adsorption materials and microorganisms. The removal performance of algae, nitrogen and phosphorus is stable, the efficiency is high, and the precipitation is pollution-free. However, there are also problems such as high energy consumption, easy passivation of electrodes, and difficulty in precipitation and separation. defect. The water surface of eutrophic water body is open, and the conditions for solar energy utilization are superior. How to use solar energy to treat eutrophic water body with low-cost in-situ electromagnetic flocculation, alleviate electrode passivation and aging, get rid of flocculant dependence, inhibit the rapid growth of algae, and facilitate the recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus in water. It will be a new idea to solve the eutrophication of natural water bodies, and has great environmental, economic, social benefits and application prospects.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供一种富营养化水体原位电磁耦合絮凝沉淀装置，无需将水体抽取到岸边处理，不必加入吸附材料和絮凝药剂，不需培养驯化微生物，不必经常更换电极，不用将沉淀机械压缩；主要依靠太阳能供给能源，电解阳极获得絮凝剂、曝气强化电磁絮凝性能、强力磁铁快速分离并浓缩沉淀，实施富营养化水体原位处理，该装置野外工作能力强，藻类和氮磷等处理效果好，运行成本低，维护简单，无药剂污染和固体废物产生，磁种易回收，浓缩沉淀能直接用作肥料。The present invention provides an in-situ electromagnetic coupling flocculation and sedimentation device for eutrophic water body, which does not need to pump the water body to the shore for treatment, does not need to add adsorption materials and flocculation agents, does not need to cultivate domesticated microorganisms, does not need to frequently replace electrodes, and does not need to mechanically compress the sediment ;Mainly rely on solar energy to supply energy, electrolysis anode to obtain flocculant, aeration to enhance electromagnetic flocculation performance, powerful magnet to quickly separate and concentrate precipitation, implement in-situ treatment of eutrophic water body, the device has strong field work ability, and can handle algae, nitrogen and phosphorus, etc. The effect is good, the operation cost is low, the maintenance is simple, no chemical pollution and solid waste are produced, the magnetic seeds are easy to recycle, and the concentrated sediment can be directly used as fertilizer.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案是：In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:
一种富营养化水体原位电磁耦合絮凝沉淀装置，包括蓄电池、太阳能电池板及与太阳能电池板相连的浮筒，太阳能电池板与蓄电池连接，浮筒上部设有污水泵、污泥泵、蓄电池、空压机和磁种投加器，污水泵、污泥泵、空压机和磁种投加器分别与蓄电池连接，浮筒中部设有絮凝反应区，絮凝反应区下部为污泥沉降区，污泥沉降区两旁为沉淀分离区，浮筒外的富营养化水体通过污水泵抽入絮凝反应区，絮凝反应区设有多对电絮凝用的阳极和阴极，阳极和阴极的下方安装有与空压机连接的穿孔曝气管，絮凝反应区的上方两侧倒锥形表面设有与沉淀分离区连通的出水口，磁种投加器用于投加磁种进入絮凝反应区，污泥沉降区的两侧表面安装有强力磁铁，在污泥沉降区底部堆积的浓缩污泥通过污泥泵定期外排用作肥料。An in-situ electromagnetic coupling flocculation and sedimentation device for eutrophic water body, comprising a storage battery, a solar panel and a buoy connected to the solar panel, the solar panel is connected to the battery, and the upper part of the buoy is provided with a sewage pump, a sludge pump, a storage battery, an air The compressor and magnetic seed doser, sewage pump, sludge pump, air compressor and magnetic seed doser are respectively connected to the battery. The middle part of the buoy is equipped with a flocculation reaction area, and the lower part of the flocculation reaction area is a sludge settlement area. Both sides of the settlement area are sedimentation and separation areas. The eutrophic water outside the buoy is pumped into the flocculation reaction area through the sewage pump. The flocculation reaction area is equipped with multiple pairs of anodes and cathodes for electroflocculation, and an air compressor is installed below the anodes and cathodes. The connected perforated aeration pipe, the inverted conical surface on both sides above the flocculation reaction area is provided with a water outlet connected to the sedimentation separation area, the magnetic seed doser is used to add magnetic seeds into the flocculation reaction area, and the two sides of the sludge settlement area A powerful magnet is installed on the side surface, and the concentrated sludge accumulated at the bottom of the sludge settlement area is regularly discharged through the sludge pump and used as fertilizer.
进一步的，出水口下侧设有向下倾斜设置的絮凝混合液导流隔板，以便实现清污分离。Further, the lower side of the water outlet is provided with a flocculation mixed liquid diversion plate inclined downwards, so as to realize the separation of cleaning and dirt.
进一步的，磁种为Fe3O4颗粒。Further, the magnetic seeds are Fe 3 O 4 particles.
进一步的，磁种的粒径不小于0.5mm。Further, the particle size of the magnetic seeds is not less than 0.5mm.
进一步的，穿孔曝气管曝气过程中气水比为10:1～15:1。Further, the air-water ratio in the aeration process of the perforated aeration tube is 10:1-15:1.
进一步的，穿孔曝气管具有分布均匀、孔口朝上的曝气孔。Further, the perforated aeration pipe has aeration holes distributed evenly and facing upwards.
进一步的，每对和阴极的间距不大于1.5cm。Further, the distance between each pair and the cathode is not greater than 1.5cm.
进一步的，阳极和阴极表面安装自清洁橡胶刮片，用于定期清除附着在电极表面的污浊，缓解电极老化和钝化。Further, self-cleaning rubber scrapers are installed on the surface of the anode and the cathode, which are used to regularly remove the dirt attached to the surface of the electrode and alleviate the aging and passivation of the electrode.
进一步的，自清洁橡胶刮片与阳极和阴极等宽。Further, self-cleaning rubber wipers are as wide as the anode and cathode.
进一步的，阳极采用铝板或铁板制成，阴极采用不锈钢材质制成。Further, the anode is made of aluminum plate or iron plate, and the cathode is made of stainless steel.
由于采用了上述方案，本发明具有如下有益效果：Owing to having adopted above-mentioned scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1)采用浮筒式结构，利用太阳能供电，将电絮凝、磁絮凝、磁分离、沉淀回用等集中一体化布置，实现了富营养化水体的原位电磁耦合絮凝沉淀处理，摆脱现有富营养化水体对吸附材料、絮凝药剂及微生物的依赖，能够快速、高效和环保的杀灭藻类，絮凝氮磷等营养物质，回收磁种，还能通过回用浓缩沉淀的方式彻底移除水体中的氮磷，不断削减甚至根除内源污染。(1) Adopt buoy structure, use solar power to supply electricity, and integrate electric flocculation, magnetic flocculation, magnetic separation, sedimentation reuse, etc., to realize in-situ electromagnetic coupling flocculation and sedimentation treatment of eutrophic water body, and get rid of existing eutrophication Nutritious water relies on adsorption materials, flocculation agents and microorganisms. It can quickly, efficiently and environmentally friendly kill algae, flocculate nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus, recycle magnetic seeds, and completely remove water by recycling concentrated sediment. nitrogen and phosphorus, continuously reducing or even eradicating endogenous pollution.
(2)太阳能供电实施电絮凝，无需外加电源，节能环保；更重要的是，在阳极和阴极表面安装了自清洁橡胶刮片，定期清除附着在电极表面的污浊，缓解电极老化和钝化，提高电絮凝效率，延长电极使用寿命。(2) Electric flocculation is implemented with solar power supply, no need for external power supply, energy saving and environmental protection; more importantly, self-cleaning rubber scrapers are installed on the surface of the anode and cathode to regularly remove the dirt attached to the surface of the electrode, and alleviate the aging and passivation of the electrode. Improve the efficiency of electrocoagulation and prolong the service life of the electrode.
(3)在絮凝反应区内，利用曝气的方式，将电解产生的絮凝活性物质与磁种投加器投放的磁种充分混合，实现了电磁耦合絮凝，提高了单一电絮凝或磁絮凝的性能。(3) In the flocculation reaction zone, the flocculation active substances produced by electrolysis are fully mixed with the magnetic seeds fed by the magnetic seed doser by means of aeration, which realizes electromagnetic coupling flocculation and improves the efficiency of single electrocoagulation or magnetic flocculation. performance.
(4)污泥沉降区安装强力磁铁，利用磁力和重力作用快速对电磁絮凝混合液实施泥水分离，将磁种富集于强力磁铁表面，污泥浓缩于污泥沉降区底部，同步实现了磁种回收和浓缩污泥的回用。(4) A strong magnet is installed in the sludge settlement area, and the electromagnetic flocculation mixture is quickly separated from the mud and water by using the magnetic force and gravity, and the magnetic species is enriched on the surface of the strong magnet, and the sludge is concentrated at the bottom of the sludge settlement area. A recovery and reuse of concentrated sludge.
(5)浮筒无需外源动力，受外界气候条件影响较小，可固定或移动式运行，野外工作能力强，既能单个浮筒长期在某一水域处理，也可多个浮筒在该水域集中处理。(5) The buoy does not require external power, and is less affected by external weather conditions. It can be fixed or mobile, and has strong field work capabilities. It can be treated in a certain water area for a long time by a single buoy, or it can be treated collectively by multiple buoys in this water area. .
(6)浮筒可采用外加电源充电，当采用岸边充电时，浮筒能全天候工作，极大提高富营养化水体的处理效率，实现以时间换空间，缩短湖泊治理的周期。因此，浮筒工作方式灵活，维护管理简单，推广应用条件好。(6) The buoy can be charged with an external power source. When charging on the shore, the buoy can work around the clock, greatly improving the treatment efficiency of eutrophic water, realizing the exchange of time for space and shortening the cycle of lake governance. Therefore, the working mode of the buoy is flexible, the maintenance and management are simple, and the promotion and application conditions are good.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明富营养化水体原位电磁耦合絮凝沉淀装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an in-situ electromagnetic coupling flocculation and sedimentation device for eutrophic water bodies according to the present invention.
图中：1—浮筒，2—絮凝反应区，3—沉淀分离区，4—污泥沉降区，5—污水泵，6—污泥泵，7—空压机，8—磁种投加器，9—蓄电池，10—太阳能电池板，11—阳极，12—阴极，13—自清洁橡胶刮片，14—穿孔曝气管，15—曝气孔，16—出水口，17—絮凝混合液导流隔板，18—磁种，19—强力磁铁，20—排水口，21—浓缩污泥。In the figure: 1—pontoon, 2—flocculation reaction area, 3—settling separation area, 4—sludge settlement area, 5—sewage pump, 6—sludge pump, 7—air compressor, 8—magnetic seed doser , 9—battery, 10—solar panel, 11—anode, 12—cathode, 13—self-cleaning rubber scraper, 14—perforated aeration tube, 15—aeration hole, 16—water outlet, 17—flocculation mixture Diversion partition, 18—magnetic type, 19—powerful magnet, 20—outlet, 21—thickened sludge.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明中的附图，对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。The technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the present invention.
图1所示为本发明富营养化水体原位电磁耦合絮凝沉淀装置的结构示意图，所述富营养化水体原位电磁耦合絮凝沉淀装置包括太阳能电池板10及与太阳能电池板10相连的浮筒1，浮筒1上部设有污水泵5、污泥泵6、蓄电池9、空压机7和磁种投加器8，太阳能电池板10与蓄电池9连接，污水泵5、污泥泵6、空压机7和磁种投加器8分别与蓄电池9连接。浮筒中部设有絮凝反应区2，絮凝反应区2下部为污泥沉降区4，污泥沉降区4两旁为沉淀分离区3。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an in-situ electromagnetic coupling flocculation and sedimentation device for eutrophic water bodies of the present invention. The in-situ electromagnetic coupling flocculation and sedimentation device for eutrophic water bodies includes a solar panel 10 and a buoy 1 connected to the solar panel 10. , the upper part of the buoy 1 is provided with a sewage pump 5, a sludge pump 6, a battery 9, an air compressor 7 and a magnetic seed doser 8, a solar panel 10 is connected to the battery 9, a sewage pump 5, a sludge pump 6, an air compressor The machine 7 and the magnetic seed doser 8 are connected with the storage battery 9 respectively. A flocculation reaction zone 2 is provided in the middle of the buoy, the lower part of the flocculation reaction zone 2 is a sludge settlement zone 4, and the sides of the sludge settlement zone 4 are sedimentation separation zones 3.
浮筒1外的富营养化水体通过污水泵5抽入絮凝反应区2，絮凝反应区2设有电絮凝用的阳极11和阴极12，用于电解杀灭和絮凝藻类，以及絮凝氮磷等营养物质。阳极11和阴极12上端表面均安装有自清洁橡胶刮片13，用于定期清除附着在电极表面的污浊，缓解电极老化和钝化。絮凝反应区2的阳极11和阴极12下方，安装有穿孔曝气管14，空压机7与穿孔曝气管14相连，絮凝反应区2的上方两侧设有出水口16，出水口16下侧设有向下倾斜设置的絮凝混合液导流隔板17。The eutrophic water body outside the buoy 1 is pumped into the flocculation reaction zone 2 through the sewage pump 5, and the flocculation reaction zone 2 is provided with an anode 11 and a cathode 12 for electroflocculation, which are used for electrolytic killing and flocculation of algae, and flocculation of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus substance. A self-cleaning rubber scraper 13 is installed on the upper surface of the anode 11 and the cathode 12, which is used to regularly remove the dirt attached to the surface of the electrodes and alleviate the aging and passivation of the electrodes. Below the anode 11 and cathode 12 of the flocculation reaction zone 2, a perforated aeration tube 14 is installed, and the air compressor 7 is connected to the perforated aeration tube 14. The upper and both sides of the flocculation reaction zone 2 are provided with water outlets 16, and the water outlets 16 are The side is provided with the flocculation mixed liquid diversion plate 17 that is arranged inclined downward.
絮凝过程中，磁种投加器8内的磁种18(主要是Fe3O4颗粒)与进水中的藻类、氮磷等营养物质一道进入絮凝反应区2，在穿孔曝气管14释放空气的混合作用下，与阳极11和阴极12电解产生的絮凝活性物质相掺混，高效杀灭和絮凝藻类，以及絮凝氮磷等营养物质。During the flocculation process, the magnetic seeds 18 (mainly Fe 3 O 4 particles) in the magnetic seed doser 8 enter the flocculation reaction zone 2 together with nutrients such as algae and nitrogen and phosphorus in the influent water, and are released in the perforated aeration tube 14. Under the mixing action of the air, it is mixed with the flocculation active substances produced by the electrolysis of the anode 11 and the cathode 12 to efficiently kill and flocculate algae and flocculate nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus.
充分发生电磁耦合絮凝后的混合液，通过絮凝反应区2的上方两侧的出水口12进入沉淀分离区3。在沉淀分离区3，磁种借助自身重力作用和安装在污泥沉降区4两侧的强力磁铁19的磁力作用，快速进行泥水分离。泥水分离后的上清液通过浮筒1上部两侧的排水口20外排，含有磁种的污泥则进入污泥沉降区4。The mixed liquid after electromagnetic coupling flocculation has fully occurred, enters the sedimentation separation zone 3 through the water outlets 12 on both sides above the flocculation reaction zone 2 . In the sedimentation and separation zone 3, the magnetic seeds rapidly separate mud and water by means of their own gravity and the magnetic force of the powerful magnets 19 installed on both sides of the sludge settling zone 4. The supernatant after the mud-water separation is discharged through the outlets 20 on both sides of the upper part of the buoy 1, and the sludge containing magnetic species enters the sludge settlement area 4.
污泥沉降区4的两侧倒锥形表面安装强力磁铁19，含有磁种的污泥通过污泥沉降区4时，通过磁力分离被富集并固定于强力磁铁表面，与磁种分离后的浓缩污泥21，在污泥沉降区4底部堆积。Powerful magnets 19 are installed on the reverse conical surfaces of both sides of the sludge settling area 4. When the sludge containing magnetic species passes through the sludge settling area 4, it is enriched by magnetic separation and fixed on the surface of the strong magnet. Concentrated sludge 21 is deposited at the bottom of the sludge settlement area 4 .
污泥沉降区4中，富集于强力磁铁19表面的磁种定期回收，进入磁种添加器8进行再利用；浓缩污泥21则通过污泥泵6定期外排用作肥料。In the sludge settling area 4, the magnetic seeds enriched on the surface of the powerful magnet 19 are periodically recovered and entered into the magnetic seed adder 8 for reuse; the concentrated sludge 21 is regularly discharged through the sludge pump 6 and used as fertilizer.
以下结合图1说明其具体实施过程：The following describes its specific implementation process in conjunction with Figure 1:
1.了解待处理富营养化水域的环境状况，包括藻类、浊度、氮磷等营养物质浓度以及太阳辐射强度和时长等基本参数。基于待处理水域的水质条件和太阳能供电能力评估浮筒1处理能力，并为蓄电池9、污水泵5、污泥泵6、空压机7、磁种投加器8及太阳能电池板10选型。原则上来说，藻类密度、浊度及氮磷营养物质浓度越高，装置处理效果越好，建议待处理水域藻类密度以叶绿素a计不低于10g/L，浊度不低于3NTU，总磷浓度不低于0.2mg/L。1. Understand the environmental conditions of the eutrophic waters to be treated, including basic parameters such as algae, turbidity, nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, and solar radiation intensity and duration. Evaluate the treatment capacity of the buoy 1 based on the water quality conditions of the water area to be treated and the solar power supply capacity, and select the battery 9, the sewage pump 5, the sludge pump 6, the air compressor 7, the magnetic seed doser 8 and the solar panel 10. In principle, the higher the algae density, turbidity and concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients, the better the treatment effect of the device. It is recommended that the algae density in the water area to be treated is not less than 10g/L in terms of chlorophyll a, the turbidity is not less than 3NTU, and the total phosphorus The concentration is not lower than 0.2mg/L.
2.浮筒1采用防水、防腐和防撞高密度聚乙烯材质，用于给整个装置提供浮力。污水泵5将浮筒1外的富营养化水体抽入絮凝反应区2。与此同时，磁种投加器8中的磁种18也随进水一道进入絮凝反应区2。磁种18一般为Fe3O4颗粒，粒径不小于0.5mm。进水与磁种18充分混合，促进了磁种18与进水中藻类、氮磷等营养物质的有效接触。原则上来说，絮凝反应区2的磁种18质量浓度不高于1％。2. The buoy 1 is made of waterproof, anti-corrosion and anti-collision high-density polyethylene material, which is used to provide buoyancy for the entire device. The sewage pump 5 pumps the eutrophic water outside the buoy 1 into the flocculation reaction zone 2 . At the same time, the magnetic seeds 18 in the magnetic seed doser 8 also enter the flocculation reaction zone 2 together with the incoming water. The magnetic seeds 18 are generally Fe 3 O 4 particles with a particle size not less than 0.5mm. The influent is fully mixed with the magnetic seeds 18, which promotes effective contact between the magnetic seeds 18 and nutrients such as algae and nitrogen and phosphorus in the influent. In principle, the mass concentration of the magnetic seeds 18 in the flocculation reaction zone 2 is not higher than 1%.
3.絮凝反应区2的下方安装有穿孔曝气管14，穿孔曝气管14具有分布均匀、孔口朝上的曝气孔15。曝气过程中，气水比为10:1～15:1。絮凝反应区2内，设有电解絮凝用的阳极11和阴极12，阳极11一般采用铝板或铁板，阴极12为不锈钢等材质，厚度约5mm-1cm。电解过程中，阳极11不断消耗并释放出Al3+或Fe3+，阴极12电解水生成OH-，二者之间形成具有絮凝作用的Al(OH)3或Fe(OH)3，快速絮凝水体中的藻类、氮磷等营养物质。与此同时，电解过程中还能产生一些具有氧化作用的活性物质如H2O2、O3、˙OH、˙O2 -等，能够快速杀灭藻类。出于节能和确保电絮凝效率考虑，每对阳极11与阴极12的间距不大于1.5cm，电絮凝时间一般在3分钟以内。3. A perforated aeration pipe 14 is installed below the flocculation reaction zone 2, and the perforated aeration pipe 14 has aeration holes 15 distributed evenly and facing upward. During the aeration process, the air-to-water ratio is 10:1 to 15:1. In the flocculation reaction zone 2, there are anode 11 and cathode 12 for electrolytic flocculation. The anode 11 is generally made of aluminum or iron plate, and the cathode 12 is made of stainless steel and other materials, with a thickness of about 5mm-1cm. During the electrolysis process, the anode 11 continuously consumes and releases Al 3+ or Fe 3+ , and the cathode 12 electrolyzes water to generate OH - , and Al(OH) 3 or Fe(OH) 3 with flocculation is formed between the two, and the flocculation is rapid Nutrients such as algae, nitrogen and phosphorus in the water body. At the same time, some active substances with oxidation function such as H 2 O 2 , O 3 , ˙OH, ˙O 2 - etc. can be produced during the electrolysis process, which can quickly kill algae. In consideration of energy saving and ensuring the efficiency of electrocoagulation, the distance between each pair of anode 11 and cathode 12 is not greater than 1.5 cm, and the electrocoagulation time is generally within 3 minutes.
4.为防止电絮凝过程中沉淀在电极表面附着，污损电极和影响电絮凝效率，采用了双重防电极钝化老化措施。一是借助絮凝反应区2内的曝气，增强电解活性物质、磁种18以及进水中的藻类、氮磷等营养物质的接触，提高混凝性能，减少电极表面的沉淀生成和附着。二是在阳极11和阴极12表面，安装自清洁橡胶刮片13，定期清除附着在电极表面的污浊，缓解电极老化和钝化，提高电絮凝效率，延长电极使用寿命。自清洁橡胶刮片13与阳极11和阴极12等宽，厚度约0.5mm。4. In order to prevent the sediment from attaching to the electrode surface during the electrocoagulation process, fouling the electrode and affecting the electrocoagulation efficiency, double anti-electrode passivation and aging measures are adopted. One is to use the aeration in the flocculation reaction zone 2 to enhance the contact of electrolytic active substances, magnetic seeds 18, algae, nitrogen and phosphorus in the influent water, improve the coagulation performance, and reduce the precipitation and adhesion on the electrode surface. The second is to install a self-cleaning rubber scraper 13 on the surface of the anode 11 and the cathode 12 to regularly remove the dirt attached to the surface of the electrodes, alleviate the aging and passivation of the electrodes, improve the efficiency of electrocoagulation, and prolong the service life of the electrodes. The self-cleaning rubber scraper 13 is as wide as the anode 11 and the cathode 12, and has a thickness of about 0.5 mm.
5.充分掺混电解活性物质、磁种18与进水的混合液，通过絮凝反应区2上方两侧的出水口16进入沉淀分离区3。出水口16下方安装有向下倾斜设置的絮凝混合液导流隔板17，以便实现清污分离。在沉淀分离区2，掺混了磁种18的絮凝体借助自身重力作用和安装在污泥沉降区4两侧的强力磁铁19的磁力作用，快速进行泥水分离。泥水分离后的上清液通过浮筒上部两侧的排水口20外排，含有磁种18的污泥则进入污泥沉降区4。排水口20的位置比待处理水域水面高0.2m以上，以免外部水体倒灌进入浮筒1。5. Fully mix the mixed solution of the electrolytic active material, the magnetic seed 18 and the incoming water, and enter the sedimentation separation area 3 through the water outlets 16 on both sides above the flocculation reaction area 2 . Below the water outlet 16 is installed a flocculation mixed liquid diversion plate 17 inclined downwards, so as to realize the separation of cleaning and dirt. In the sedimentation and separation zone 2, the flocs mixed with the magnetic seeds 18 are rapidly separated from mud and water by virtue of their own gravity and the magnetic force of the powerful magnets 19 installed on both sides of the sludge settling zone 4. The supernatant after mud-water separation is discharged through the outlets 20 on both sides of the upper part of the buoy, and the sludge containing the magnetic species 18 enters the sludge settlement area 4 . The position of the outfall 20 is more than 0.2m higher than the water surface of the water area to be treated, so as to prevent the external water body from flowing backward into the buoy 1 .
6.污泥沉降区4的两侧倒锥形表面安装强力磁铁19，厚度约2-5cm，含有磁种18的污泥通过污泥沉降区4时，磁种18依靠自身的磁性被分离富集并固定于强力磁铁19表面，与磁种18分离后的污泥，在污泥沉降区4底部堆积，形成浓缩污泥21。6. Powerful magnets 19 are installed on both sides of the sludge settling area 4 in an inverted conical shape, with a thickness of about 2-5 cm. When the sludge containing the magnetic species 18 passes through the sludge settling area 4, the magnetic species 18 is separated by its own magnetism. The sludge collected and fixed on the surface of the powerful magnet 19 and separated from the magnetic seeds 18 is accumulated at the bottom of the sludge settlement area 4 to form concentrated sludge 21 .
7.污泥沉降区4中，富集于强力磁铁19表面的磁种18定期回收，进入磁种投加器8再利用；浓缩污泥21则通过污泥泵6定期外排用作肥料。7. In the sludge settling area 4, the magnetic seeds 18 enriched on the surface of the powerful magnet 19 are regularly recovered and put into the magnetic seed doser 8 for reuse; the concentrated sludge 21 is regularly discharged through the sludge pump 6 and used as fertilizer.
8.污水泵5、污泥泵6、蓄电池9、空压机7、磁种投加器8位于絮凝反应区2的上方，蓄电池9一方面与太阳能电池板10相连，用于储蓄电能，另一方面与污水泵5和污泥泵6相连，用于浮筒1进水和排泥。此外，蓄电池9还与空压机7和磁种投加器8连接，用于给穿孔曝气管14提供压缩空气和为絮凝反应区2提供磁种18。8. Sewage pump 5, sludge pump 6, battery 9, air compressor 7, and magnetic seed doser 8 are located above the flocculation reaction zone 2. The battery 9 is connected to the solar panel 10 on the one hand for storing electric energy, and the other On the one hand, it is connected with the sewage pump 5 and the sludge pump 6, and is used for water intake and sludge discharge of the buoy 1. In addition, the storage battery 9 is also connected with the air compressor 7 and the magnetic seed doser 8 for providing compressed air to the perforated aeration tube 14 and magnetic seeds 18 for the flocculation reaction zone 2 .
9.具体实施时，可采取单个浮筒1在某一水域长期运行，也可采用多个浮筒1集中短期同时运行。为了减少浮筒1净化后的出水对浮筒1周边水域的稀释，还可以将待处理水域设置围隔，把浮筒1排水输送至围隔外排放。另外，为缩短处理周期或应对光照不足，还可利用岸边电源为浮筒1中的蓄电池9供电。9. In specific implementation, a single buoy 1 can be used for long-term operation in a certain water area, or multiple buoys 1 can be used for concentrated short-term simultaneous operation. In order to reduce the dilution of the purified water from the buoy 1 to the surrounding waters of the buoy 1, enclosures can also be provided in the water area to be treated, and the buoy 1 can be drained to the outside of the enclosure for discharge. In addition, in order to shorten the processing cycle or deal with insufficient light, the battery 9 in the buoy 1 can also be powered by shore power.
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何属于本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any changes or substitutions that can be easily imagined by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, All should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN105439333A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-30 | 黄荣贵 | Blowing type water purifier |
| CN105967428A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-09-28 | 中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司 | Electromagnetic coupling inclined plate electric flocculation reactor |
| CN106495372A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-03-15 | 上海城市水资源开发利用国家工程中心有限公司 | The apparatus and method of enhanced coagulation and clarifying treatment in a kind of Emergency water supply process |
| CN107162121A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-15 | 河海大学 | The method of electric flocculation-magnetic loading flocculation coupling processing heavy metal wastewater thereby |
| CN107500392A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-22 | 广西壮族自治区环境保护科学研究院 | A kind of super magnetic separation sewage treatment unit |
| CN108558116A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-09-21 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of electric flocculation, magnetic flocculation and the integrated sewage disposal system of multi-stage oxidizing and method |
| CN110698001A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-01-17 | 湖南金益环保股份有限公司 | Hierarchical processing formula industrial sewage treatment pond based on environmental protection |
| CN111484110A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-08-04 | 湖南鑫恒环境科技有限公司 | In-situ black and odorous water body improvement treatment device |
| CN111484113A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-08-04 | 湖南鑫恒环境科技有限公司 | A device for improving and treating black and odorous water bodies in lakes |
| CN111484111A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-08-04 | 湖南鑫恒环境科技有限公司 | Black and odorous water body treatment device |
| CN112358013A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-02-12 | 南京师范大学 | Solar electric flocculation sedimentation tank for enhancing rural sewage dephosphorization function |
| CN112805246A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2021-05-14 | 环境解决方案有限公司 | Electrode holder for water purification and floating device comprising the same |
| CN113651397A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-16 | 南华大学 | Simulation device and simulation method for remediation of uranium-contaminated groundwater and uranium recovery |
| CN114180689A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-15 | 南京信息工程大学 | Magnetic coagulation water treatment method for in-situ magnetic seed separation and reuse |
| CN115724546A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-03-03 | 航天凯天环保科技股份有限公司 | Mobile multifunctional emergency sewage treatment equipment |
| CN115947424A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-04-11 | 武汉致远建设集团有限公司 | Alga in-situ treatment device |
| EP4034506A4 (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2023-07-26 | Evoqua Water Technologies LLC | Accelerated settlement of flocs after electrocoagulation/electrochemical process using ballasted flocculation |
| CN119898862A (en) * | 2025-04-02 | 2025-04-29 | 山东森洋环境技术有限公司 | An electrocoagulation device for treating wastewater |
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| CN105439333B (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2018-05-11 | 黄荣贵 | Air blowing type water purifier |
| CN105439333A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-03-30 | 黄荣贵 | Blowing type water purifier |
| CN105967428A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-09-28 | 中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司 | Electromagnetic coupling inclined plate electric flocculation reactor |
| CN106495372A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-03-15 | 上海城市水资源开发利用国家工程中心有限公司 | The apparatus and method of enhanced coagulation and clarifying treatment in a kind of Emergency water supply process |
| CN107162121A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-15 | 河海大学 | The method of electric flocculation-magnetic loading flocculation coupling processing heavy metal wastewater thereby |
| CN107500392A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-12-22 | 广西壮族自治区环境保护科学研究院 | A kind of super magnetic separation sewage treatment unit |
| CN108558116A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-09-21 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of electric flocculation, magnetic flocculation and the integrated sewage disposal system of multi-stage oxidizing and method |
| CN108558116B (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2023-09-22 | 南京林业大学 | A sewage treatment system and method integrating electric flocculation, magnetic flocculation and multi-stage oxidation |
| CN112805246A (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2021-05-14 | 环境解决方案有限公司 | Electrode holder for water purification and floating device comprising the same |
| EP4034506A4 (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2023-07-26 | Evoqua Water Technologies LLC | Accelerated settlement of flocs after electrocoagulation/electrochemical process using ballasted flocculation |
| CN110698001A (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-01-17 | 湖南金益环保股份有限公司 | Hierarchical processing formula industrial sewage treatment pond based on environmental protection |
| CN111484111A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-08-04 | 湖南鑫恒环境科技有限公司 | Black and odorous water body treatment device |
| CN111484110A (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-08-04 | 湖南鑫恒环境科技有限公司 | In-situ black and odorous water body improvement treatment device |
| CN111484113A (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2020-08-04 | 湖南鑫恒环境科技有限公司 | A device for improving and treating black and odorous water bodies in lakes |
| CN112358013A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2021-02-12 | 南京师范大学 | Solar electric flocculation sedimentation tank for enhancing rural sewage dephosphorization function |
| CN113651397A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2021-11-16 | 南华大学 | Simulation device and simulation method for remediation of uranium-contaminated groundwater and uranium recovery |
| CN114180689A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-15 | 南京信息工程大学 | Magnetic coagulation water treatment method for in-situ magnetic seed separation and reuse |
| CN114180689B (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2023-06-23 | 南京信息工程大学 | A magnetic coagulation water treatment method for in-situ magnetic seed separation and reuse |
| CN115724546A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-03-03 | 航天凯天环保科技股份有限公司 | Mobile multifunctional emergency sewage treatment equipment |
| CN115947424A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-04-11 | 武汉致远建设集团有限公司 | Alga in-situ treatment device |
| CN115947424B (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2025-02-14 | 武汉致远建设集团有限公司 | A device for in-situ treatment of algae |
| CN119898862A (en) * | 2025-04-02 | 2025-04-29 | 山东森洋环境技术有限公司 | An electrocoagulation device for treating wastewater |
| CN119898862B (en) * | 2025-04-02 | 2025-06-10 | 山东森洋环境技术有限公司 | An electrocoagulation device for treating wastewater |
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