CN105083300B - Speed measuring device and its installation method - Google Patents

Speed measuring device and its installation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN105083300B
CN105083300B CN201510481629.7A CN201510481629A CN105083300B CN 105083300 B CN105083300 B CN 105083300B CN 201510481629 A CN201510481629 A CN 201510481629A CN 105083300 B CN105083300 B CN 105083300B
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China
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magnetic
disk
measuring device
magnetic induction
speed measuring
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CN105083300A (en
Inventor
彭俊吉
樊翠萍
王晓冰
范增昌
刘向平
李笑龙
陈文汉
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Hunan Guangsi Technology Co Ltd
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Hunan Guangsi Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The speed measuring device of the present invention includes disk and the sensor coordinated with disk, and disk includes disk body and some magnetic parts being arranged in disk body, offers magnetic induction passage in disk body, sensor includes inductive probe;Some magnetic parts are set in turn on disk body and periodically variable magnetic field are formed in magnetic induction passage, and inductive probe stretches into the magnetic induction line in the magnetic induction passage internal cutting magnetic field, and exports cyclic pulse signal.The sensing interstice coverage of sensor is big in speed measuring device of the present invention, and allowable offset amount is big during installation, and assembling adaptability is good.And without any rotary part and transmission parts inside speed measuring device, the space saved is fully allocated to electric part, for strengthening antijamming capability, securely and reliably.The present invention also provides a kind of installation method of the speed measuring device.

Description

Speed measuring device and its installation method
Technical field
The invention belongs to locomotive field, more particularly to a kind of speed measuring device and its installation method.
Background technology
Field is tested the speed mainly using the photoelectric tachometric transducer that individual pen umber of pulse is 200 in railway locomotive at present Or the contactless Hall revolution speed transducer that individual pen umber of pulse is 80.
Wherein, photoelectric speed sensor, drive bearing is contained inside it, in locomotive vibration, impact, high rotating speed and length Under the compound conditions such as phase operation, the abrasion of drive bearing limits the global reliability level of sensor;On the other hand, sensor Connection is covered by the square hole of the square tenon and locomotive shaft-end of shaft end and realizes that transmission is tested the speed, the fit dimension of both coupling parts, lubrication The factor such as state and axially opposing play determines abrasion between the two, and slightly extremely, abrasion will steeply rise, and drag down rapidly Global reliability is horizontal or fails.
Hall revolution speed transducer, in the outer ring output speed signal of radial direction non-contact inductive speed measuring fluted disc, its shaft end Mounting means is entirely different with photoelectric tachometric transducer, and the distance of reaction of speed measuring fluted disc tooth top and sensing end surface is 0.5mm- 2.0mm, it tests the speed, and sensing gap is smaller, and assembling adaptability is poor.
The content of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide that a kind of sensing gap of testing the speed is larger and assembling adaptability preferably contactless tests the speed Device.
It there is a need to and a kind of installation method of the speed measuring device is provided.
A kind of speed measuring device, including disk and the sensor with disk cooperation, disk include disk body and are arranged in disk body Some magnetic parts, the inner ring of disk body offers magnetic induction passage, and sensor includes inductive probe;Some magnetic parts are set gradually In forming periodically variable magnetic field on disk body and in magnetic induction passage, inductive probe stretches into magnetic induction passage internal cutting magnetic field Magnetic induction line, and export periodic electrical signal.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, some magnetic parts are circumferentially evenly distributed in outside magnetic induction passage, and in magnetic strength Answer and periodically variable continuous magnetic field is radially formed in passage.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, some magnetic part circumferential arrays are in outside magnetic induction passage, and the adjacent magnetic of each two Both sides close to each other are magnetic pole of the same name between property part.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, if the disk body offer it is circumferential evenly distributed in outside the magnetic induction passage Dry fitting recess, and the bearing of trend of every fitting recess and the magnetic induction passage is axially in parallel.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, the magnetic induction part is interior by Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet material system for the corresponding fitting recess of insertion Into magnetic stripe, the direction that the magnetizing direction of the every magnetic stripe is embedded in corresponding fitting recess with it is mutually perpendicular to.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, the magnetizing direction of the magnetic stripe magnetizes for width, and the every magnetic stripe edge is long Spend corresponding to the insertion of direction in fitting recess.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, the sensor is Hall sensor, and the inductive probe of its front end is three-jaw sense Answer head.
The present invention also provides a kind of installation method of speed measuring device, and the installation method of the speed measuring device includes:
One end of disk is fixedly installed on wheel shaft, wherein the inner ring of the disk offers magnetic induction passage, it is described Formed with periodically variable magnetic field in magnetic induction passage;
One end of sensor is stretched into the magnetic induction line in magnetic field described in the magnetic induction passage internal cutting of the disk inner ring.
It is circumferentially evenly distributed outside the magnetic induction passage to have some magnetic parts in wherein a kind of embodiment, it is some The magnetic part is radially formed periodically variable connection magnetic field in the magnetic induction passage, and the sensor includes sensing Probe;Wherein, step one end of disk being fixedly installed on wheel shaft includes:
One end of the disk is fixedly installed on the wheel shaft and generation is together rotated with the wheel shaft and is periodically become The magnetic field of change;
One end of sensor is stretched into the magnetic induction line in magnetic field described in the magnetic induction passage internal cutting of the disk inner ring The step of include:
The inductive probe is stretched into the magnetic induction passage and is surrounded between some magnetic parts.
In wherein a kind of embodiment, one end of sensor is stretched into the magnetic induction passage of the disk inner ring The step of magnetic induction line for cutting the magnetic field, includes:
Wheel bearing is arranged and is installed on the wheel shaft;
End cap is arranged on the outer ring of the wheel bearing, and with the outer ring of the wheel bearing together remains stationary; Exit orifice is offered on wherein described end cap;
The sensor is installed on the end cap, and the inductive probe is stretched into the disk by the exit orifice In the magnetic induction passage of inner ring.
Sensor is by the way of inner ring sensing in speed measuring device of the present invention and sensing interstice coverage is big, allows during installation inclined Heart amount is big, and assembling adaptability is good.And without any rotary part and transmission parts inside speed measuring device, the space saved is whole Electric part is distributed to, for strengthening antijamming capability, securely and reliably.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the part-structure schematic diagram of the locomotive with speed measuring device in present pre-ferred embodiments;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the disk of the locomotive with speed measuring device shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of disk shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is middle disk magnetic pole arrangement schematic diagram shown in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is magnetic field distribution curve map in the magnetic induction passage of middle disk shown in Fig. 2.
Embodiment
For the ease of understanding the present invention, the present invention is described more fully below with reference to relevant drawings.In accompanying drawing Give presently preferred embodiments of the present invention.But the present invention can realize in many different forms, however it is not limited to this paper institutes The embodiment of description.On the contrary, the purpose for providing these embodiments is to make the understanding to the disclosure more thorough Comprehensively.
It should be noted that when element is referred to as " being fixed on " another element, it can be directly on another element Or there may also be element placed in the middle.When an element is considered as " connection " another element, it can be directly connected to To another element or it may be simultaneously present centering elements.
Unless otherwise defined, all of technologies and scientific terms used here by the article is with belonging to technical field of the invention The implication that technical staff is generally understood that is identical.Term used in the description of the invention herein is intended merely to description tool The purpose of the embodiment of body, it is not intended that in the limitation present invention.Term as used herein " and/or " include one or more phases The arbitrary and all combination of the Listed Items of pass.
It refer to Fig. 1, the locomotive of an embodiment in the present invention, it includes car body (not shown), the wheel being arranged on car body To (not shown) and speed measuring device 30.Wherein, take turns to including wheel shaft 11, wheel (not shown), wheel bearing 13 and wheel shaft 11 The gland 15 and end cap 17 of location fit.
Wheel is arranged at the opposite end of wheel shaft 11.Wheel bearing 13, which is arranged, is installed on wheel shaft 11 and is located at respective side wheel Outside.The opening-like hollow cylindrical in the generally one end of gland 15, its by openend cover at wheel shaft 11 end and It is fixedly installed in by fixture 18 (for example, screw) on wheel shaft 11.Gland 15 presses on wheel bearing 13 in one end of opening Inner ring on, and can be with inner ring and the common rotation of wheel shaft 11 of wheel bearing 13.Gland 15 is covered in the surface of the end of wheel shaft 11 Offer endoporus 150.One end of end cap 17 is connected on the outer ring of wheel bearing 13 and together protected with the outer ring of wheel bearing 13 Hold transfixion.End cap 17 defines to form receiving space 19 jointly with gland 15.Exit orifice 170, and exit orifice are offered on end cap 17 The central axis of 170 central axis, the central axis of endoporus 150 and wheel shaft 11 is on same straight line.
Speed measuring device 30 includes disk 31 and the sensor 33 coordinated with disk 31.Disk 31 is contained in receiving space 19 Interior, its one end is fixedly installed on wheel shaft 11 by endoporus 150.Disk 31, which can together be rotated and produced with wheel shaft 11, periodically to be become The magnetic field of change.Sensor 33 is installed on end cap 17, and one end is stretched into disk 31 by exit orifice 170, for property induction period Magnetic field and corresponding output periodic electrical signal.Wherein, wheel shaft 11, the inner ring of wheel bearing 13, gland 15 and disk 31 4 It is rigidly connected, and can be together rotated with wheel shaft 11, is considered as rotor.Sensor 33 be installed on end cap 17 and with wheel shaft axle Holding 13 outer ring, together remains stationary is motionless, and when locomotive axle 11 rotates, is considered as stator.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are refer to, disk 31 includes disk body 310, boss 312, extension edge 314 and is arranged in disk body 310 Some magnetic parts 316.310 generally hollow cylinder of disk body, its inner ring offer magnetic induction passage 3101.Some magnetic parts 316 are arranged on disk body 310 and periodically variable magnetic field are formed in magnetic induction passage 3101.Sensor 33 includes stretching into magnetic Inductive probe 330 in induction channels 3101.Inductive probe 330 stretches into the magnetic strength in the internal cutting magnetic field of magnetic induction passage 3101 Line, and periodic electrical signal is exported, to carry out rear class processing, export corresponding speed signal.
Specifically, the inner ring of disk body 310 offers circumferential evenly distributed in some fitting recess outside magnetic induction passage 3101 3103.Wherein, the bearing of trend of every fitting recess 3103 and magnetic induction passage 3101 is axially in parallel.Fitting recess 3103 is in this tool Separated in body embodiment with magnetic induction passage 3101 by the internal face of disk body 310.It is to be appreciated that in some other embodiment In, fitting recess 3103 can also be directly arranged on the internal face of disk body 310 and be connected with magnetic induction passage 3101.
Boss 312 continues extension by the end of disk body 310 and formed vertically, and the endoporus 150 with gland 15 when mounted Location fit.Wherein, magnetic induction passage 3101 is through disk body 310 and boss 312.Extension edge 314 is arranged at the outer of boss 312 Disk 31 is fixed on gland 15 on wall and by some fixtures 18 (for example, screw).
Some magnetic parts 316 are corresponding in turn in some fitting recess 3103 of insertion disk body 310, and in magnetic induction passage 3101 Inside it is radially formed periodically variable continuous magnetic field.Specifically, some magnetic parts 316 in the corresponding fitting recess 3103 of insertion by Some magnetic stripes (trade mark N50SH, high temperature resistant is up to 150 DEG C) made of Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet material, and the side of magnetizing of every magnetic stripe Direction in the corresponding fitting recess 3103 of Xiang Yuqi insertions is mutually perpendicular to.
Inductive probe 330 is stretched into magnetic induction passage 3101 and ceaselessly cut when disk 31 moves in a circle with wheel shaft 11 Magnetic induction line is cut, not pulse corresponding to stopping pregnancy life.It is to be appreciated that in some other embodiment, disk 31 and inductive probe Any one in 330 is in rotary state, for example, also can the remains stationary of disk 31, magnetic of the inductive probe 330 in disk 31 Induction channels 3101 circle.
In this specific embodiment, the magnetizing direction of every magnetic stripe magnetizes for width, and every magnetic stripe is embedding along its length Corresponding to entering in fitting recess 3103.Sensor 33 is Hall sensor, and the inductive probe 330 of its front end is three-jaw inductive head.Disk 100 rectangle fitting recess 3103 are offered on body 310.100 magnetic stripes along its length be embedded in corresponding to fitting recess 3103 It is interior, and according to ... N-N-S-S-N-N-S-S ... arrangement mode circumferential array is in outside magnetic induction passage 3101, i.e., each two is adjacent Both sides close to each other are magnetic pole of the same name (N poles or S poles) between magnetic stripe.Per the adjacent both sides of adjacent two magnetic stripes magnetic pole of the same name it Between magnetic field mutual extrusion, and form periodically variable continuous magnetic fields of N-S one by one in the circumferencial direction of the inwall of disk body 310.
Fig. 4 is refer to, is the magnetic pole arrangement schematic diagram of some magnetic parts 316, when 100 magnetic stripes press N-N-S-S rule Periodically corresponding to insertion in fitting recess 3103 after in test, periodically variable magnetic field intensity caused by 100 magnetic stripes with The change of inductive probe 330 and the distance between the internal face of disk body 310 and change.In inductive probe 330 close to the inwall of disk body 310 During face, the peak-to-peak value of periodically variable magnetic field intensity is maximum;And inductive probe 330 away from 310 internal face of disk body when, periodically The peak-to-peak value of the magnetic field intensity of change is progressively decayed.Wherein, in the internal face radial distance t=of 330 separation disc body of inductive probe 310 On 5mm circumference, the periodically variable magnetic field intensity peak-to-peak value of distribution still can reach 60Gs, in this way, speed measuring device can be realized 30 can still be tested the speed under the conditions of wide arc gap.It is to be appreciated that in some other embodiment, the quantity of magnetic stripe, the side of magnetizing To the direction with embedded fitting recess 3103 can as needed depending on, be not limited thereto.
Fig. 5 is refer to, is magnetic field distribution curve map in magnetic induction passage 3101, wherein, ordinate is magnetic strength, unit For Gs;Abscissa is the position between each magnetic pole in some magnetic stripes, and unit is °.In this specific embodiment, 100 magnetic stripe edges Circumferential evenly distributed on the internal face of disk body 310, the individual pen of disk 31 forms 50 magnetic poles, 25 cycles altogether.Wherein, adjacent magnetic Interpolar position differs 3.6 °, and position differs 7.2 ° between adjacent periods.
T=0 curves are the magnetic strength curves that inductive probe 330 measures on the inwall of disk body 310 in figure, and it is a sine wave Curve;T=5mm is the magnetic strength curve on circumference at the inwall 5mm of disk body 310 of inductive probe 330, is also a sinusoidal curve Line.The peak peak position of two curves is consistent, and the cycle is consistent.During t=5mm, the peak-to-peak value of magnetic strength coordinates inductive probe up to 60Gs The linear chip of Hall inside 330, it can be exchanged into peak-to-peak value and be 300mV sine curve, then carry out rear class processing, output speed Signal.Wherein, motor sport actual speed V can obtain according to below equation (1):
V is locomotive operation actual speed, unit m/s;
N is individual pen umber of pulse, is in the present invention constant 200;
D is locomotive wheel diameter, unit m;
Fh is speed measuring device output frequency, unit Hz.
In this specific embodiment, the magnetic stripe specification that fitting recess 3103 is embedded in is grown for 30mm, therefore, in magnetic induction passage The deep periodical magnetic fileds of 30mm are dispersed with 3101 axial spaces, inductive probe 330, which is stretched into the range of 0-30mm, can ensure have Normal rate signal output.Meanwhile in disk body 310 magnetic induction passage 3101 a diameter of 70mm, the external diameter of inductive probe 330 For 64mm.Under conditions of concentric installation, the spacing of inductive probe 330 and the internal face of disk body 310 is 3mm, when eccentrically mounted, sense 330 should be popped one's head in the spacing of the internal face of disk body 310 can to ensure to there is normal speed to believe in 0.5mm to 5.0mm interstice coverages Number output, therefore in the present invention speed measuring device install when the reachable ± 2mm of admissible offset, assembling adaptability it is good.
The sensing interstice coverage of sensor 33 is big in speed measuring device of the present invention, and allowable offset amount is big during installation, and assembling adapts to Property is good.Meanwhile the mounting interface of sensor 33 is consistent with existing photoelectric tachometric transducer, it is using existing photoelectric tachometric Sensor is quick installed on locomotive shaft-end in the installation site of locomotive shaft-end, and the magnetic field of the periodically of sensing disk 31 change is simultaneously Rate signal corresponding to output, without being changed to existing locomotive shaft-end, there is complete interchangeability.It is in addition, of the invention Without any rotary part and transmission parts, the space saved is fully allocated to electric part, uses for the middle inside of speed measuring device 33 In strengthening antijamming capability, securely and reliably.
The present invention also provides a kind of installation method of speed measuring device 30, and it includes:
One end of disk 31 is fixedly installed on wheel shaft 11;Wherein, the inner ring of disk 31 was offered in it formed with week The magnetic induction passage 3101 of phase property variation magnetic field.It is circumferentially evenly distributed outside magnetic induction passage 3101 to have some magnetic parts 316, if Dry magnetic part 316 is radially formed periodically variable connection magnetic field in magnetic induction passage 3101;
One end of sensor 33 is stretched into the magnetic induction line in the internal cutting magnetic field of magnetic induction passage 3101 of the inner ring of disk 31, its In, sensor 33 includes inductive probe 330.
In this specific embodiment, the specific installation method of speed measuring device 30 includes:
One end of disk 31 is fixedly installed on wheel shaft 11 and together rotated with wheel shaft 11 and produces periodically variable magnetic ;
Wheel bearing 13 is arranged and is installed on wheel shaft 11;
End cap 17 is arranged on the outer ring of wheel bearing 13, and with the outer ring of wheel bearing 13 together remains stationary;Its Exit orifice 170 is offered on middle end cap 17;
Sensor 33 is installed on end cap 17, and inductive probe 330 is stretched into the magnetic of the inner ring of disk 31 by exit orifice 170 In induction channels 3101 and it is surrounded between some magnetic parts 316.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, and its description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously Therefore the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for one of ordinary skill in the art For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the guarantor of the present invention Protect scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

  1. A kind of 1. speed measuring device, it is characterised in that:The sensor coordinated including disk and with the disk, the disk include disk Body and some magnetic parts being arranged in the disk body, the inner ring of the disk body offer magnetic induction passage, the sensor bag Include inductive probe;Some magnetic parts, which are set in turn on the disk body and formed in the magnetic induction passage, periodically to be become The magnetic field of change, the inductive probe stretch into the magnetic induction line in magnetic field described in the magnetic induction passage internal cutting, and export periodically electricity Signal;Some magnetic part circumferential arrays are in outside the magnetic induction passage, and between the adjacent magnetic part of each two mutually Close both sides are magnetic pole of the same name, and periodically variable continuous magnetic field is radially formed in the magnetic induction passage.
  2. 2. speed measuring device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The disk body offers circumferential evenly distributed in the magnetic Some fitting recess outside induction channels, and the bearing of trend of every fitting recess and the magnetic induction passage is axially in parallel.
  3. 3. speed measuring device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:The magnetic part is interior by neodymium iron for the corresponding fitting recess of insertion Magnetic stripe made of B permanent magnetic material, the magnetizing direction of the every magnetic stripe mutually hang down with the direction that it is embedded in corresponding fitting recess Directly.
  4. 4. speed measuring device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:The magnetizing direction of the magnetic stripe magnetizes for width, and often Corresponding to magnetic stripe described in root is embedded along its length in fitting recess.
  5. 5. speed measuring device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The sensor is Hall sensor, the sense of its front end It should pop one's head in as three-jaw inductive head.
  6. A kind of 6. installation method of speed measuring device, it is characterised in that:The installation method of the speed measuring device includes:
    One end of disk is fixedly installed on wheel shaft, wherein the inner ring of the disk offers magnetic induction passage, the magnetic strength Answer in passage formed with periodically variable magnetic field;Wherein, it is circumferentially evenly distributed outside the magnetic induction passage to have some magnetic Part, and both sides close to each other between the adjacent magnetic part of each two are magnetic pole of the same name, some magnetic parts are in the magnetic Periodically variable continuous magnetic field is radially formed in induction channels;
    One end of sensor is stretched into the magnetic induction line in magnetic field described in the magnetic induction passage internal cutting of the disk inner ring.
  7. 7. the installation method of speed measuring device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that:The sensor includes inductive probe; Wherein, step one end of disk being fixedly installed on wheel shaft includes:
    By one end of the disk be fixedly installed on the wheel shaft and together rotated with the wheel shaft produce it is periodically variable Magnetic field;
    One end of sensor is stretched into the step of the magnetic induction line in magnetic field described in the magnetic induction passage internal cutting of the disk inner ring Suddenly include:
    The inductive probe is stretched into the magnetic induction passage and is surrounded between some magnetic parts.
  8. 8. the installation method of speed measuring device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that:The magnetic is stretched into one end of sensor Include described in the magnetic induction passage internal cutting of disk inner ring the step of the magnetic induction line in magnetic field:
    Wheel bearing is arranged and is installed on the wheel shaft;
    End cap is arranged on the outer ring of the wheel bearing, and with the outer ring of the wheel bearing together remains stationary;Wherein Exit orifice is offered on the end cap;
    The sensor is installed on the end cap, and the inductive probe is stretched into the disk inner ring by the exit orifice The magnetic induction passage in.
CN201510481629.7A 2015-08-07 2015-08-07 Speed measuring device and its installation method Active CN105083300B (en)

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Families Citing this family (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106645787A (en) * 2017-03-08 2017-05-10 湖南广思科技有限公司 Method, system and device for measuring speed of locomotive
KR20180108238A (en) * 2017-03-24 2018-10-04 주식회사 일진글로벌 Wheel speed detecting apparatus
CN108415082B (en) * 2018-01-23 2020-05-05 武汉华星光电半导体显示技术有限公司 Sensor with a sensor element
CN109650162A (en) * 2019-02-27 2019-04-19 卓郎(江苏)纺织机械有限公司 The separately positioned take-up roll of the unit that tests the speed and the textile machine for using the take-up roll

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US4897603A (en) * 1988-02-29 1990-01-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Arrangement for determining the speed and rotor position of an electric machine
JP2003215146A (en) * 2002-01-25 2003-07-30 Toyota Motor Corp Rotational speed sensor
JP2003336654A (en) * 2002-05-17 2003-11-28 Ntn Corp Bearing with rotary sensor
CN200972391Y (en) * 2006-06-30 2007-11-07 张泽喜 Series excitation electric speed measuring sensor of automatic drum washing machine
WO2013060601A1 (en) * 2011-10-24 2013-05-02 Tyco Electronics Corporation India Pvt Limited Magnetic flux enhancer system for reluctance type sensors
CN203798815U (en) * 2014-04-04 2014-08-27 湖南敏锐科技有限公司 Magnetic coupling driving device for non-contact magnetic transmission type locomotive rotating speed sensor
CN204314323U (en) * 2014-12-26 2015-05-06 湖南平凡科技有限公司 Rotor tests the speed recognition device and be provided with this rotor and test the speed the hydro-extractor of recognition device
CN204821561U (en) * 2015-08-07 2015-12-02 湖南广思科技有限公司 Speed measuring device

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