CN105075758A - Method and system for manually influencing weather - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G15/00—Devices or methods for influencing weather conditions
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Atmospheric Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and system for manually influencing weather. The system comprises an integrated floated pipeline, a floated platform and a system remote control platform. The integrated floated pipeline is used for cloud water collecting, conveying and seeding, and in other words, the integrated floated pipeline is used for cloud water collecting, conveying and rainfall catalyst seeding so that rainfall can be generated. The floated platform is used for hanging and drawing the integrated floated pipeline and is suspended on a mooring table though a mooring guy in a fixed point mode. The system remote control platform is used for floated platform lifting, pipeline connection, separation, rainfall catalyst seeding and ground control of working environment observation and monitoring, and is used for improving the manual cloud water migration work efficiency, recording data and improving safety guarantees. The researched and developed light, high-strength and large-drift-diameter pipeline is applied, and 67.4 tons of cloud water can be migrated per hour on average through the single pipeline. By means of the input and output port pressure difference and the manual diversion technology, fixed-point, quantitative and directional movement of moisture in cloud is achieved, redistribution of rainfall is achieved, and weather can be manually influenced through dual factors including disaster reduction and environment improvements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of meteorological interference, in particular to a method and a system for artificially influencing weather, which are particularly suitable for a cloud water migration technology for weakening, transferring and increasing rainfall.
Background
China is a country with frequent flood disasters. According to the history, the flood disaster occurred 1029 times from 206 before the citizen to 2155 when the people's republic of China was established in 1949, and almost once every two years. The national flood is mainly released twice, namely the flood in 1954 and the flood in 1998. In 1954, the disaster area in the country of the flood reaches 2.4 hundred million mu, and the disaster area reaches 1.7 hundred million mu. 4700 or more than ten thousand mu of land submerged by flood in Yangtze river, 3.3 thousands of dead people, and 100 days blocked in the running of the Jingguangdong railway. The national relief fee for natural disasters is 3.2 billion yuan. In 1998, the flood disaster at the end of the century is almost rolled up about the flood waves and steep water level of rivers such as China, Yangtze river, Nen river, Songhua river and the like. 800 million military and civilians have performed a battle against flood fighting. According to statistics, 29 provinces in the whole country suffer from flood disasters of different degrees, and the direct economic loss reaches 1666 billion yuan. 6000 million mu of a disaster is caused, and the yield of grains is reduced by hundreds of billions of kilograms due to the disaster.
Corresponding to flood disasters, China is a country with frequent drought disasters, and the drought disasters not only have the serious drought condition which leads to the failure of grains for many times in history, but also have countless local drought disasters. For example, the official records of constructing the red flag canal in forest county have true records of local drought, and the occurrence of drought even causes disastrous phenomena of people eating. Corresponding to drought, 7.21 Beijing extra heavy rainstorms in 2012, and 6.16 Shanghai 'seeing the sea' in 2015 are all caused by rainstorms.
Drought and flood disasters are caused by centralized and unbalanced rainfall: firstly, precipitation space difference is big, and south waterlogging north drought, secondly the precipitation time allocation difference is big, and 7, 8, 9 three months precipitation account for 70% of the annual precipitation volume, and the very high strength rainstorm or receive northern typhoon influence and the long duration continuous precipitation that forms during this period causes the flood disaster. In autumn and winter, due to low air temperature and small evaporation capacity, rainwater in stagnant farmland in autumn and the underground water rising to the surface under the gradient action of freezing junction temperature freezes into solid state, and along with snowfall in winter, the rainwater melts in spring and stagnates on the surface layer of the farmland to form spring waterlogging, so that the farmland is rainy in autumn and disasters in two years.
Therefore, people are eagerly expected to master the technology for artificially influencing the weather, realize the regulation of the weather, and particularly realize the precipitation redistribution technology based on the artificial migration of cloud water and the transfer of saturated water vapor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the inventor of the invention repeatedly researches and designs, and the application provides a method and a system for artificially influencing weather, which are particularly suitable for cloud water migration technology related to weakening, transferring and increasing precipitation. The technology utilizes the artificial cloud water migration method, follows the technical research routes of indoor simulation, method screening, feasibility analysis, implementation scheme design, pilot test and the like, and solves the problems of rain-waterlogging, flooding, drought uneven distribution and the like.
According to a first aspect of the invention, a system for artificially influencing weather is provided, which comprises an integrated floating pipeline, a floating platform and a system remote control platform; the integrated floating pipeline is used for collecting, conveying and scattering cloud water, namely collecting, conveying and scattering precipitation catalyst to generate precipitation; the floating platform is used for suspending and drawing the integrated floating pipeline and is suspended above the mooring platform at a fixed point through a mooring rope; the system remote control platform is used for ground control of floating platform lifting, pipeline connection, separation, precipitation catalyst scattering, operation environment observation and monitoring, and is used for improving the operation efficiency of cloud water artificial migration, recording data and improving safety guarantee.
The system for artificially influencing weather works based on the basic principle of artificial cloud water migration, namely cloud water is directionally migrated through an integrated floating pipeline, precipitation is reduced in a waterlogging area, and precipitation of a reservoir, a lake or a drought area is increased, so that the balance is achieved, and the combined action can solve the problem of waterlogging and relieve drought; the specific working principle is as follows: because the dew point temperature of the water vapor drops slowly compared with the air temperature, after a certain height, the wet air is saturated, and the water vapor can be saturated at a middle-low altitude of about 1000m by thermal and dynamic coupling to form low clouds (rain layer clouds, rain accumulated clouds and the like); the water drops of the cloud are smaller, but precipitation is generated through mutual combination and condensation in the sedimentation; after small water drops and small ice crystals in clouds above the rain-waterlogging and flood area are swabbed and transferred, the material basis of rainfall can be greatly reduced, and the effect of reducing the rainfall is achieved; after the cloud water is manually moved to a selected proper region and height, catalysts such as dry ice and the like are sprayed at a proper speed at a proper time, condensation nuclei are manually increased, precipitation can be promoted, the released cloud water can not return to the original place, and the effect of enhancing rain is achieved.
The integrated floating pipeline is a normal-pressure, normal-temperature, light, large-caliber and telescopic floating pipeline, and comprises an inlet and outlet port, a spring keel, a composite material skin, a pressing buckle, a solar thin-film battery, a traction interface and the like (see attached figure 3), can realize the pipe flow directional transmission, water vapor transfer and precipitation redistribution of cloud water substances such as cloud drops, small water drops, ice crystals and the like, has the characteristics of light overall weight, large caliber and compressible pipeline volume, has tough and tough pipe wall, wear resistance, tearing resistance, cloud water loss prevention, low price, safety, environmental protection and no toxicity, and can realize the functional requirements of cloud water collection, directional transmission, sowing and the like by combined use.
Preferably, the floating platform consists of a aerostat, a mooring rope, a suspension rope, a mooring platform and the like (see figure 4), the effective load is more than 1000kg, the floating platform can continuously reside for more than 24 hours at the high altitude of more than 1000 meters, and the floating platform can resist the heavy wind and thunderstorm weather of more than 10 grades; the floating platform in the system is a space loading platform which is built based on the aerostat technology and has larger effective load and fixed-point residence, and because the captive helium balloon and the nitrogen/hydrogen double-shell balloon are used as the aerostat, the system is safe and reliable.
Preferably, the integrated floating pipeline is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of pipelines, the bundling is used jointly, and the starting points of the floating pipelines are distributed in a dynamic area or a three-dimensional manner in the cloud according to the suction radius. The integrated aerostat pipeline has the advantages that the inner diameter (radius) is larger than 2m, the length is larger than 0.5km, the spiral compression spring is used as a keel, the light and thin composite film material is used as a pipe wall, the sectional area is large, and the middle-high altitude dwelling and the combined application under the assistance of an aerostat can be realized. The floating pipeline keel adopts a compression spring, has required radial supporting force, and greatly saves the accommodating space after being compressed; the compression springs (compression springs) provide resisting force for the external load pressure, and when the device is used, the device can be opened and the hasps can be stretched to the required maximum length to form a pipeline required by the directional movement of the cloud water; the compression spring is coiled by metal wires (pipes) at equal pitches, is generally cylindrical, and also has a concave shape, a convex shape, a square shape, a rectangular shape, a conical-linear combination shape and the like.
More preferably, the pipe wall of the floating pipeline is tightly attached to the keel, and the floating pipeline needs to be impermeable to water vapor, light in weight and high in strength; the pipeline constructed by the method is completely different from the existing drainage pipeline, oil and gas pipeline, power pipeline, ventilation pipeline and the like, is not buried underground or erected on the ground or near the ground surface, but is suspended in the air and is used for the directional migration of cloud water such as cloud drops, ice crystals and the like.
Furthermore, the material of the floating pipeline adopts a compression spring as a support keel, and can be in two production forms of a hot-rolling spring and a cold-rolling spring, and the spring material also has the large categories of steel wires, stainless steel and the like; the spring strength of the steel wire produced by the same wire diameter is larger than that of stainless steel, but the steel wire is easy to rust; subsequent rust prevention treatment is required. The wall body material is required to meet the requirements of water vapor impermeability, light weight, high strength, repeated folding resistance, no toxicity and environmental protection; the candidate materials comprise wear-resistant, tear-resistant and stretch-resistant polyurethane elastomers, and have the defects of high hardness and no easy folding; polytetrafluoroethylene having good non-adhesion, temperature characteristics, and weatherability; BOPA nylon film, CPE polyethylene film, CPP cast film, PVC polyvinyl chloride film, etc., each having characteristics.
Furthermore, according to the technical requirements of the integrated floating pipeline, the pipeline supporting keel is preferably an equal-pitch cylindrical stainless steel spiral compression spring, the wire diameter of the spring is 4mm, the outer diameter is 4.008m, the total number of turns is 250, the number of supporting turns is 2, and the free length is 3956 m; the wall body is made of a new material co-extruded film with specific gravity<0.9g/cm3Tensile strength>30MPa, elongation at break>300% right angle tear length>1000N/cm, water vapor transmission rate<3G/m 2.24h; from the analysis of technical effects: the use of cylindrical, stainless steel, helical compression spring keels with equal pitch can realize light weight, high strength, compression-expansion, repeated use, no need ofPollution and the like; the pipeline wall is made of a new material co-extrusion film, and has the characteristics of toughness, wear resistance, tearing resistance, cloud water loss prevention, low price, safety, environmental protection and no toxicity; the telescopic spring is tightly attached to the spring, is convenient to fold, reduces abrasion, and constructs a light, large-caliber and compressible cloud water conveying pipeline together with the compression spring keel.
Furthermore, the cloud water collection speed, strength and distance require the combined use of floating pipelines; in order to realize quick and tight connection between pipelines and convenient disassembly, the electric magnetic strips are arranged at reasonable positions on the inner sides of the inlet and the outlet, and the solar thin-film battery arranged on the pipe wall skin is utilized to provide electric power to generate electromagnetic force; the outlet is in a round table shape and is favorable for being inserted into the inlet end; after the plug-in, the power is switched on to generate magnetic force, and the opposite poles attract each other to realize quick and tight connection.
Further, the pipe is compressed and expanded: when the pipeline is stored and transported, the pipeline is locked by welding pressure on the support ring and the hasps, so that the pipeline keeps the minimum volume; when in use, the pressure and the hasp are opened, the pipeline is automatically unfolded under the action of elasticity, and the pipeline is lifted off, positioned and connected under the assistance of the aerostat, so that the cloud water conveying pipeline is formed.
Preferably, the floating platform is an important component and a main carrier of the cloud water artificial migration system and is composed of a floating device, a mooring rope, a suspension rope, a mooring platform and the like.
More preferably, the aerostat is an aircraft which is lighter than air in specific gravity and is lifted by atmospheric buoyancy and is used for suspending and loading the integrated floating pipeline; the aerostat is divided into a balloon and an airship according to the existence of a propulsion device; the balloons are divided into two types, namely free balloons and captive balloons according to the existence of a captive device; the balloon is divided into three types, namely a hot balloon, a hydrogen balloon and a helium balloon according to the types of the inflatable bodies in the air bag; the system uses a captive helium balloon and an internal hydrogen and external nitrogen double-layer air bag balloon, but the captive helium balloon and the internal hydrogen and external nitrogen double-layer air bag balloon are mainly applied to the system; besides the capsule, there are solar thin-film batteries and hydraulic telescopic sliding sleeves.
Furthermore, the mooring platform is fixed and movable and is used for mooring the aerostat; fixed mooring platforms are pre-built in urban areas and at the roadside of a traffic trunk at an interval of 1000m and are reserved in a mode of mounting a steel bar mooring ring in the middle of a buried cement pile; the movable mooring platform is in a vehicle-mounted mode and is mechanically transported to a required position, the periphery of the upper opening iron box is temporarily loaded with heavy objects, and a mooring ring is preset in the middle.
Further, the mooring rope and the suspension rope are characterized in that: because the aerostat and the mooring platform, the aerostat and the aerostat pipeline are connected, the aerostat and the aerostat pipeline are ensured to be fixed at high altitude for a long time and do not shake or float away randomly; can be made of high-strength cotton fiber, polypropylene fiber, Dupont silk, polyethylene and other materials; in order to reduce the weight, the mooring rope and the suspension rope are both single ropes, and double ropes can be used according to the situation; the parameters of the single rope are as follows: number of spindles >48, weight per meter <150g, first impact force BEAL standard >80000kN, first impact elongation: 36%, static force elongation: 8% and can bear super strong cutting.
Furthermore, the aerostat adopts a self-pressure-regulating variable-volume type mooring aerostat; because the high-altitude air pressure is far lower than the ground, after the traditional aerostat is lifted off, helium is required to be continuously released, the internal pressure is required to be reduced so as to keep the internal and external air pressures balanced, and the capsule body of the aerostat is prevented from being broken; when the air floatation device descends, helium is needed to be supplemented to the air floatation device through the equipped helium cylinder, and the internal pressure is increased; helium consumption is further increased by operations such as helium release, helium supplement and the like, and the operation cost of the aerostat is increased; in the face of a large amount of helium gas which is measured by thousands of cubic meters and hundreds of single cloud migration operation, the self-pressure-regulating variable-volume mooring aerostat can save nearly two thirds of gas amount; when the ground is filled with helium, the pressure is 1at, and the expansion volume is 36% of the maximum volume; initial load 2450 kg; when the lifting limit is 2000 m, the air pressure in the aerostat is 0.36at, the expansion volume is maximum, and the maximum load is 7800 Kg; the mooring platform is mainly fixed and is assisted by the movement; the mooring rope and the suspension rope are single ropes, the polyethylene and metal core are made of materials, the diameter is 30-50mm, the tension is 100t, a noctilucent indicating ring is additionally hung every 100m, video signals and detection data monitored by the balloon-mounted equipment can be transmitted back to a ground control center in real time, and the balloon-mounted equipment has a lightning protection function under the condition of lightning weather.
More recently, the remote control platform is composed of a hydraulic telescopic rod controller, an electromagnetic switch controller of an inlet/outlet port of the floating pipeline, a port catalyst injection controller, a PMS particle measurement and other cloud particle monitoring system controller, a visible light super-visual range lens, an infrared night vision lens and other observation system controllers, ground remote control software and the like, and is powered by the floating device and a solar thin film battery on the floating pipeline.
Preferably, the industrial exhaust fan is a device driven by manual pressurization and installed in the floating pipeline when the atmospheric pressure difference at the two ends of the cloud water migration pipeline is not enough to drive the cloud water to flow directionally or the flow speed does not meet the requirement; the industrial exhaust fan utilizes the working principle of an axial flow exhaust fan, the solar thin film battery on the surface of the floating pipeline provides power for the motor to drive the fan blades to rotate to generate negative pressure, air on one side in the pipeline is driven forwards to force cloud water in the pipeline to flow, negative pressure is generated on the other side, and new cloud water is sucked into the pipeline, so that directional and continuous motion of cloud water airflow in the pipeline is generated; the air volume of the fan is more than 40 ten thousand square/h; in order to reduce the weight, double blades and hollow blades are adopted.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of artificially influencing weather, comprising the steps of:
step one, predicting the cloud water reduction scale;
secondly, determining positions of a rain-eliminating area and a rain-increasing area;
thirdly, measuring and calculating the scale of the cloud water migration operation and the number of required devices;
fourthly, setting a floating platform;
fifthly, arranging a floating large-diameter pipeline;
and sixthly, implementing cloud water migration operation.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this application patent technology is: the cloud water migration system can realize the directional and quantitative migration of the cloud water, effectively reduce rainfall, prevent and reduce urban waterlogging and reduce natural disasters; simultaneously, this patent has increased the range of application of floating platform and floating pipeline, makes floating platform and floating pipeline become the powerful instrument of cloud water migration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an artificially influenced weather technique according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the combined use of a suspended platform and lightweight duct in an artificially influenced weather system according to the present invention in air.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of an integrated floating pipeline in an artificially influenced weather system according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a self-ballasted variable-volume mooring aerostat in an artificially influenced weather system in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Also, the scope of the present invention should not be limited to the particular structures or components described below or to the particular parameters.
In the various figures, specific reference numerals indicate the following: in FIG. 1, 1-1: floating the platform; 1-2 floating pipeline; 1-3 pipeline suspension cables; 1-4: an industrial exhaust fan; 1-5: mooring ropes of the floating platform; 1-6: a mooring platform.
In FIG. 2, 2-1: floating the platform; 2-2: floating the pipeline; 2-3: an industrial exhaust fan.
In FIG. 3, 3-1 solar thin film cell; 3-2: a conduit (spring) keel; 3-3: a pipe wall; 3-4: a hanging padlock (hanging below the floating platform); 3-5: an electric magnetic strip in the entrance; 3-6: press and snap (male snap); 3-7: pressing and buckling (female buckle); 3-8: the electric magnetic strip is arranged at the outlet side.
In FIG. 4, 4-1: a solar thin film cell; 4-2: a hydraulic telescopic sliding sleeve strut; 4-3: a mooring rope; 4-4: a mooring platform.
The related basic technology of the invention has been developed greatly, including near and short-term accurate weather forecast, medium and long-term climate forecast, cause of rain and snow, cloud classification and characteristic research, cloud cover measurement and law recognition, parameter measurement such as cloud layer height/thickness/structure, air suspension technology, air pressure change law and the like are accumulated and established.
Foreign research is currently limited to cloud physics, outfield observation, and atmospheric impact planning (AMP), among others. The american council for artificial influence on weather suggests the establishment of a powerful new research program under the responsibility of NOAA. At the same time, some state's hydraulic management associations organized to seek sponsorship for their respective atmospheric impact planning efforts, have precipitated the federal/state weather modification research partnership project, now the "atmospheric impact plan" (AMP), which contains a random adjuvantation of weather modification and climate change effects. The AMP program is executed by NOAA and the marine atmosphere planning department. It has entered into a two-year renewable cooperative agreement with six states, namely arizona, utah, nevada, north dakota, illinois, and texas, AMP programs have funded a large body of american cloud physics edge studies and related laboratory and field observations.
Generally, at present, researches and applications in the aspect of artificially influencing weather focus on terrain cloud utilization, layered cloud deposition-like cloud precipitation, artificial hail suppression, artificial fog dissipation, numerical simulation, related catalysts and the like, research focuses on increasing precipitation only in scattering operation, and related technologies are lacked for directionally transferring precipitation.
The patentee provides a new method for transferring precipitation potential plasmids (cloud water such as saturated water vapor, cloud drops, ice crystals and the like) by means of years of research and practice so as to overcome the defects of the prior art and fill up the technical blank. The method and the system for artificially influencing weather are suitable for the precipitation transfer of clouds such as low cloud accumulated rain clouds, heavy accumulated clouds of (rain) layer clouds, accumulated clouds, heavy accumulated clouds of the genus nepheloid and the like, are beneficial to urban inland inundation reduction, urban inland inundation prevention, agricultural disaster reduction, drought area precipitation increase and the like, and are beneficial to environmental improvement. The cloud water of the invention refers to water molecule aggregates with certain scale and shape, such as cloud drops, ice crystals, small rain drops and the like contained in the cloud, and is a precipitation potential plasmid. The cloud water migration is to directionally and quantitatively transfer cloud drops, ice crystals, rain drops and other water vapor in the cloud from one area to another area in the air by means of an artificial method.
The method is based on the development of modern precipitation micro-physics, cloud macro micro-physical structure, weather forecast, precipitation cloud radar detection, airborne multi-particle measurement technology and the like, and can accurately predict strong convection weather, precipitation cloud system, water content in cloud and precipitation intensity in advance. When the precipitation scale exceeds the flood discharge and drainage capacity of the area, the cloud water collecting migration system can be adjusted to reduce the precipitation, so as to prevent and control the rain and flood disasters. When the rainfall is insufficient and the drought occurs, the technology and the system can also be used for swabbing cloud water from the cloud deposits and the stratums which occur in a certain range around the periphery, so that the rainfall is generated in the drought region, and the drought is relieved.
The invention firstly provides a method for artificially influencing weather, which comprises the following steps:
step one, predicting the cloud water reduction scale;
secondly, determining positions of a rain-eliminating area and a rain-increasing area;
thirdly, measuring and calculating the scale of the cloud water migration operation and the number of required devices;
fourthly, setting a floating platform;
fifthly, arranging a floating large-diameter pipeline;
and sixthly, implementing cloud water migration operation.
In the individual steps, further measures are taken as follows:
and step one, predicting the cloud water reduction scale. Based on cloud physical structure and rainfall macro-micro physical knowledge, the total scale of cloud water and the scale and effect required to be reduced are predicted by detecting the cloud top and cloud bottom height, cloud body size, water content size, distribution and the like of rainfall clouds (rain clouds, rain layer clouds, layer clouds and the like) through meteorological radar echo, airplane cloud-through detection and the like.
And secondly, determining the positions of a rain-eliminating area and a rain-increasing area. The positions of areas (urban areas, cities, towns, farmlands and the like) for reducing rainfall and areas (lakes, reservoirs, rivers, dry areas and the like) for increasing rainfall are researched and determined by comprehensively considering meteorological conditions such as wind directions and the like and geographical conditions such as latitudes, terrains, traffic and the like, and operation routes, traffic conditions and transportation modes are planned.
And thirdly, measuring and calculating the scale of the cloud water migration operation and the number of required equipment. And calculating and preparing the number of floating pipelines, floating platforms and the like required by the operation according to the cloud water migration speed, the migration distance requirement and the like.
And fourthly, setting a floating platform. The floating platform is formed by upgrading and reconstructing a floating device, is positioned below an stratosphere in a troposphere and is 1000-2500m away from the ground, and is fixed on a ground mooring pile by a mooring rope. The load of a single floating platform is more than 1000kg, and a plurality of floating platforms are combined for use according to the migration scale of the cloud water and the length of the conveying distance.
And fifthly, arranging a floating large-diameter pipeline. The floating pipeline constructed by the high-strength light wear-resistant tear-resistant material is unfolded in the air from a normal compressed-folded state and is hung below a floating platform. The inner diameter of a single pipe of the floating pipeline is larger than 2m, the length of the single pipe is larger than 0.5km, the single pipe and the single pipe are used horizontally and longitudinally (shown in figure 2), and the starting points of the floating pipeline are distributed in a dynamic area or a three-dimensional manner in the cloud according to the suction radius. The pipelines are directly connected, and catalyst ejectors such as dry ice are arranged at the outlet ends of the pipelines positioned in the rain enhancement area.
The sixth stepAnd cloud water movement is implemented. Determining the moving scale, distance and effect of the cloud water, preparing equipment such as a floating platform, a floating pipeline and the like required by operation, and carrying out cloud water migration according to the sequence of connecting a mooring platform, inflating the floating platform, lifting off, towing the floating pipeline to lift off, unfolding, positioning and connecting after the equipment is transported to an operation line. The natural pressure difference is utilized as much as possible to form directional and natural flow of the cloud water from the subduction area to the rain enhancement area, and the exhaust fan is started to artificially enhance the flow speed and the flow under the condition that the flow speed and the flow cannot meet the requirements. According to the research, the air pressure is decreased unevenly along with the increase of the height, and the air pressure difference at the two ends of the pipeline is formed. Under the action of natural pressure difference and manual driving force, saturated water vapor, cloud drops and ice crystals in accumulated rain cloud and raining cloud can flow directionally. The water content in cloud is 5-10g/cm3The natural pressure difference is 0.5-1 MPa. In order to reduce cloud dissipation and be limited by power and volume, the average cloud water migration speed is about 17 m/s.
The invention also provides a system for artificially influencing weather, which mainly comprises a cloud water collection-conveying-sowing integrated floating pipeline, a floating platform and a system remote control platform. The system utilizes the basic principle of artificial cloud water migration to carry out rainfall control operation; the basic principle of artificial cloud water migration is that the dew point temperature of water vapor drops more slowly than the air temperature, so that after a certain height, wet air is saturated, thermal and power coupling enables the water vapor to be saturated in about 1000m of medium and low altitude, and low clouds (rain layer clouds, rain deposition clouds and the like) can be formed. The water droplets of the cloud are now smaller, but precipitation will occur by coalescence, condensation in the sedimentation. After small water drops and small ice crystals in clouds above the rain-waterlogging and flood area are swabbed and transferred, the material basis of rainfall can be greatly reduced, and the effect of reducing the rainfall is achieved. After the cloud water is manually moved to a selected proper region and height, catalysts such as dry ice and the like are sprayed at a proper speed at a proper time, condensation nuclei are manually increased, precipitation can be promoted, the released cloud water can not return to the original place, and the effect of enhancing rain is achieved. By means of the integrated floating pipelines, cloud water is directionally transferred, precipitation is reduced in a rain and waterlogging area, precipitation of a reservoir, a lake or a drought area is increased, the balance is good, and the combined action can solve the problem of rain and waterlogging and relieve drought.
In the artificial weather modification system, the floating pipeline is used for collecting, conveying and spreading precipitation catalysts to generate precipitation. The integrated floating pipeline with normal pressure, normal temperature, light weight, large caliber and telescopic performance consists of an inlet and outlet port, a spring keel, a composite material skin, a pressing buckle, a solar film battery, a traction interface and the like (see figure 3), can realize the pipe flow directional transmission, the water vapor transfer and the precipitation redistribution of cloud water substances such as cloud drops, small water drops, ice crystals and the like, has the characteristics of light overall weight, large caliber and compressible pipeline volume, has tough pipe wall, wear resistance, tearing resistance, cloud water loss prevention, low price, safety, environmental protection and no toxicity, and can realize the functional requirements of cloud water collection, directional transmission, sowing and the like by combined use. The cloud water collecting-conveying-scattering integrated floating pipeline is formed by connecting a plurality of sections of pipelines and is used in a bundling combined mode. The integrated aerostat pipeline has the advantages that the inner diameter (radius) is larger than 2m, the length is larger than 0.5km, the spiral compression spring is used as a keel, the light and thin composite film material is used as a pipe wall, the sectional area is large, and the middle-high altitude dwelling and the combined application under the assistance of an aerostat can be realized. The floating pipeline keel is characterized in that a compression spring is adopted, required radial supporting force is achieved, and meanwhile, the storage space is greatly saved after compression. The compression springs (compression springs) provide resisting force for the loading pressure, and when the device is used, the device is opened and the hasps can be stretched to the required maximum length to form a pipeline required for directional movement of the cloud water. The compression spring is coiled by metal wires (pipes) at equal pitches, is generally cylindrical, and also has a concave shape, a convex shape, a square shape, a rectangular shape, a conical-linear combination shape and the like.
The floating pipeline is tightly attached to the keel and needs to be impermeable to water vapor, light in weight and high in strength. The pipeline constructed by the method is completely different from the existing drainage pipeline, oil and gas pipeline, power pipeline, ventilation pipeline and the like, is not buried underground or erected on the ground or near the ground surface, but is suspended in the air and is used for the directional migration of cloud water such as cloud drops, ice crystals and the like.
The compression spring used as the support keel can be produced in two modes of hot coil spring and cold coil spring, and the spring material also comprises steel wires, stainless steel and the like. The steel wire, the spring strength that the same line diameter produced will be bigger than stainless steel, but easily rust. Subsequent rust prevention treatment is required. The wall body material is required to meet the requirements of water vapor impermeability, light weight, high strength, repeated folding resistance, no toxicity and environmental protection. The candidate materials comprise wear-resistant, tear-resistant and stretch-resistant polyurethane elastomers, and have the defects of high hardness and no easy folding; polytetrafluoroethylene having good non-adhesion, temperature characteristics, and weatherability; BOPA nylon film, CPE polyethylene film, CPP cast film, PVC polyvinyl chloride film, etc., each having characteristics.
The pipeline support keel in the integrated floating pipeline is preferably an equal-pitch cylindrical stainless steel spiral compression spring, the wire diameter of the spring is 4mm, the outer diameter is 4.008m, the total number of turns is 250, the number of support turns is 2, and the free length is 3956 m. The wall body is made of a new material co-extruded film with specific gravity<0.9g/cm3Tensile strength>30MPa, elongation at break>300% right angle tear length>1000N/cm, water vapor transmission rate<3G/m 2.24h. From the analysis of technical effects: the use of equidistant, cylindrical, stainless steel, helical compression spring keels can achieve the requirements of light weight, high strength, compressibility-expansion, repeated use, no pollution and the like. The novel material co-extruded film is selected for the pipeline wall, and has the characteristics of toughness, wear resistance, tearing resistance, cloud water loss prevention, low price, safety, environmental protection and no toxicity. The telescopic spring is tightly attached to the spring, is convenient to fold, reduces abrasion, and constructs a light, large-caliber and compressible cloud water conveying pipeline together with the compression spring keel.
The speed, strength and distance of collecting the cloud water require the combined use of floating pipelines. In order to realize quick and tight connection between pipelines and convenient disassembly, the electric magnetic strip is arranged at a proper position on the inner side of the inlet and the outlet, and the solar thin film battery arranged on the pipe wall skin is utilized to provide electric power to generate electromagnetic force. The outlet is in a round table shape, and is favorable for being inserted into the inlet end. After the plug-in, the power is switched on to generate magnetic force, and the opposite poles attract each other to realize quick and tight connection. Pressing and unfolding the pipeline: when the pipeline is stored and transported, the pipeline is pressed and locked in a snapping mode through welding on the supporting ring, and the minimum volume of the pipeline is kept. When in use, the pressure and the hasp are opened, the pipeline is automatically unfolded under the action of elasticity, and the pipeline is lifted off, positioned and connected under the assistance of the aerostat, so that the cloud water conveying pipeline is formed.
In the artificial weather modification system, the floating platform is used for suspending and towing an integrated floating pipeline and is suspended above the mooring platform at a fixed point through the mooring rope. The floating platform is composed of a floating device, a mooring rope, a mooring platform and the like (see figure 4), the effective load is more than 1000kg, the floating platform can continuously reside for more than 24 hours at the high altitude of more than 1000 meters, and the floating platform can resist the heavy wind and thunderstorm weather of more than 10 grades. The floating platform in the system is a space loading platform which is built based on the aerostat technology and has larger effective load and fixed-point residence, and because the captive helium balloon and the nitrogen/hydrogen double-shell balloon are used as the aerostat, the system is safe and reliable.
The floating platform is an important component and an important carrier of a cloud water artificial migration system and mainly comprises a floating device, a mooring rope, a suspension rope and a mooring platform. The aerostat is an aircraft which is lighter than air in specific gravity and is lifted by atmospheric buoyancy and is used for suspending and loading an integrated floating pipeline. Aerostatics are divided into balloons and airships according to the presence or absence of a propulsion device. Balloons are classified into free balloons and captive balloons according to the presence or absence of a captive device. The balloon is divided into three types, namely a hot air balloon, a hydrogen balloon and a helium balloon according to the types of the inflatable bodies in the air bag. The system uses a captive helium balloon and an internal hydrogen and external nitrogen double-layer air bag balloon, but the captive helium balloon and the internal hydrogen and external nitrogen double-layer air bag balloon are mainly applied to the system. Besides the capsule, there are solar thin-film batteries and hydraulic telescopic sliding sleeves. The mooring platform has two types of fixed type and movable type and is used for mooring the aerostat. The fixed mooring platforms are pre-built at urban areas and at the roadside of the traffic trunk at intervals of 1000m, and are reserved in a mode of mounting a steel bar mooring ring in the middle of the buried cement piles. The movable mooring platform is in a vehicle-mounted mode and is mechanically transported to a required position, the periphery of the upper opening iron box is temporarily loaded with heavy objects, and a mooring ring is preset in the middle. The mooring rope and the suspension rope are connected with the aerostat and the mooring platform, the aerostat and the floating pipeline, so that the aerostat and the floating pipeline are fixed at high altitude for a long time and cannot randomly shake and float away. Can be made of high-strength cotton fiber, polypropylene fiber, DuPont wire, polyethylene and other materials. In order to reduce the weight, the mooring rope and the suspension rope are both single ropes, and double ropes can be used according to the situation. The parameters of the single rope are as follows: number of spindles >48, weight per meter <150g, first impact force BEAL standard >80000kN, first impact elongation: 36%, static force elongation: 8% and can bear super strong cutting.
Preferably, the aerostat optimization design can adopt a self-pressure-regulating variable-volume type mooring aerostat. Because the high-altitude air pressure is far lower than the ground, after the traditional aerostat is lifted off, helium is required to be continuously released, the internal pressure is required to be reduced so as to keep the internal and external air pressures balanced, and the capsule body of the aerostat is prevented from being broken. When the air floatation device descends, helium is needed to be supplemented to the air floatation device through the equipped helium cylinder, and the internal pressure is increased. Helium gas consumption is further increased by operations such as helium gas release, helium gas supplement and the like, and the operation cost of the aerostat is increased. The self-pressure-regulating variable-volume mooring aerostat can save nearly two thirds of gas amount by using a single huge amount of helium gas in thousands of cubic meters and hundreds of helium gas in one cloud migration operation. When the ground is filled with helium, the pressure is 1at, and the expansion volume is 36% of the maximum volume. Initial load 2450 kg. When the lifting limit is 2000 m, the air pressure in the aerostat is 0.36at, the deployment volume is maximum, and the maximum load is 7800 Kg.
Preferably, the mooring platform is mainly fixed and is auxiliary movable. The mooring rope and the suspension rope are single ropes, the polyethylene and metal core are made of materials, the diameter is 30-50mm, the tension is 100t, a noctilucent indicating ring is additionally hung every 100m, video signals and detection data monitored by the balloon-mounted equipment can be transmitted back to a ground control center in real time, and the balloon-mounted equipment has lightning protection function,
In the artificial weather modification system, the remote control platform of the cloud water artificial migration system is used for ground control of floating platform lifting, pipeline connection and separation, precipitation catalyst scattering, operation environment observation and monitoring, and plays roles in improving cloud water artificial migration operation efficiency, data recording, safety guarantee and the like.
A remote control platform of a cloud water artificial migration system in an artificial weather influence system is composed of a hydraulic telescopic rod controller, a floating pipeline inlet and outlet port electromagnetic switch controller, a port catalyst injection controller, a PMS particle measurement and other cloud particle monitoring system controller, a visible light super-stadia lens, an infrared night vision lens and other observation system controllers, ground remote control software and the like, and is powered by a floating device and a solar thin film battery on the floating pipeline. The ground control device is used for floating platform lifting, pipeline connection, separation, precipitation catalyst scattering, operation environment observation and monitoring, and is used for improving the operation efficiency of cloud water artificial migration, recording data and improving safety guarantee.
The cloud water migration technique in the weather modification system of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The cloud water migration system is shown in figure 1 and comprises two parts, namely an area and equipment, wherein the area comprises a reduction precipitation area (1-7) and a rain enhancement area (1-8), the equipment comprises a floating pipeline (1-2), a floating platform (1-1), a remote control platform (dispersedly distributed in the floating platform and the pipeline and not separately marked in the figure), a mooring rope (1-5) attached to and assisting the floating platform, a mooring platform (1-6), a suspension rope (1-3), an industrial exhaust fan (1-4) installed in the floating pipeline and the like. The floating platform (1-1) is composed of a plurality of air boats (balls), the floating platform (1-1) is fixed on a mooring platform (1-6) through a floating platform mooring rope (1-5), the floating platform (1-1) and a floating pipeline (1-2) are connected through a pipeline suspension rope (1-3), and an industrial exhaust fan (1-4) is installed in the floating pipeline (1-2). The floating pipeline (1-2) is composed of a thin film battery (3-1), a supporting keel (3-2), a pipeline wall (3-3), a hanging padlock (3-4), an inlet magnetic strip (3-5), a press tower buckle (male buckle)
(3-6), a pressing tower buckle (female buckle) (3-7) and an outlet side magnetic stripe (3-8), wherein a support keel (3-2) of the floating pipeline (1-2) is composed of a compressible spring, and a pipe wall (3-3) of the floating pipeline (1-2) is composed of materials which are impermeable to water vapor and air, light in weight, high in strength, resistant to repeated folding, non-toxic and environment-friendly. And (3) spraying a catalyst at the outlet of the floating pipeline (1-2) to increase condensation nuclei and generate rainfall. The subduction precipitation area is measured by weather forecast and weather radar echo, and the nearby reservoir, lake and drought and rain-lack area are selected in the rain-increasing area. The floating pipeline is used for guiding the cloud water to move directionally in the equipment of the cloud water migration system, and the mooring type floating platform is used for suspending the pipeline, making the pipeline stay and suspending in the air.
The industrial exhaust fan is a device driven by manual pressurization and installed in the floating pipeline when the atmospheric pressure difference at the two ends of the cloud water migration pipeline is not enough to drive the cloud water to flow directionally or the flow speed does not meet the requirement. The industrial exhaust fan utilizes the working principle of an axial flow exhaust fan, the solar thin film battery on the surface of the floating pipeline provides power for the motor to drive the fan blades to rotate to generate negative pressure, air on one side in the pipeline is driven forwards to force cloud water in the pipeline to flow, negative pressure is generated on the other side, and new cloud water is sucked into the pipeline, so that directional and continuous motion of cloud water airflow in the pipeline is generated. The air volume of the fan is more than 40 ten thousand square/h. In order to reduce the weight, double blades and hollow blades are adopted.
In order to be convenient for storage, transportation and adaptation to complex terrain operation requirements in mountainous areas and the like, the floating pipeline and the floating platform are designed to be compressible and foldable, and the total volume and size are limited. In the operations of reducing precipitation and increasing rainfall, according to the amount of cloud water to be transferred per unit time (transfer intensity), a plurality of pipes are required to be combined in parallel to form a three-dimensional large-section pipe (3 parallel pipes are schematically drawn in a horizontal direction in fig. 2). Meanwhile, according to the distance of the cloud water to be migrated, the single pipelines are required to be longitudinally connected together (4 pipelines are schematically connected in the longitudinal direction of fig. 2). The pipelines are directly connected (2-2) longitudinally, and the suction fan provides manual driving force for starting and directionally moving the cloud water. The transverse pipelines can be arranged in parallel, and fig. 2 shows that the pipelines can be in different forms aiming at the cloud shape in a radial shape, a step shape and the like, so that the function of quickly and effectively transferring the cloud water is exerted.
Furthermore, the invention provides a cloud water reduction and precipitation enhancement scale prediction technology (mainly referring to the basic principle and method of cloud water detection, reduction of precipitation and precipitation enhancement), which is mainly based on cloud physical structure and precipitation micro physical knowledge, detects the cloud top, cloud bottom height, cloud body size, water content size and distribution and the like of precipitation clouds (rain clouds, rain layer clouds, layer clouds and the like) through methods such as meteorological radar echo, airplane cloud-through detection and the like, and predicts the total scale of the cloud water and the scale and effect required to be reduced.
Because the dew point temperature of the water vapor drops slowly compared with the air temperature, after reaching a certain height, the wet air is saturated, and the water vapor is saturated at the middle and low altitude of about 1000m by thermal and dynamic coupling to form low clouds (rain layer clouds, rain accumulated clouds and the like). At this time, the water drops of the cloud are small, and the water drops are combined and condensed during the sedimentation to generate precipitation. The small water drops and small ice crystals in clouds above the rain-waterlogging and flood area are swabbed and transferred, so that the rainfall can be reduced, and the effect of reducing the rainfall is achieved. After the cloud water is manually moved to a proper selected place and height, catalysts such as dry ice and the like are sprayed at a proper time and a reasonable speed to manually increase condensation nuclei, precipitation is generated, the cloud water does not return to the original place any more, and the effect of increasing rain is achieved. The cloud water is directionally transferred through the integrated floating pipelines, the precipitation is reduced in a rain and water area, and the precipitation of a reservoir, a lake or a drought area is increased at the same time, so that the balance and the combined action are realized, and the basic principle of artificial cloud water transfer is realized.
The cloud water detection method and the cloud water detection principle are based on human knowledge of macroscopic and microscopic physical structures of clouds, and systematic knowledge of cloud bottom height and water content of various clouds, rain clouds of main target clouds of artificial migration of the cloud water, layered clouds, water content distribution of the rain clouds and radar echo characteristics. In cold weather, most of the accumulated rain cloud plane echoes are arranged in a strip shape, and the accumulated rain cloud echoes inside the air mass are dispersed into monomers.
In the cloud water reduction and precipitation scale prediction technology, the cloud water distribution can also be quantitatively predicted through numerical simulation, wherein the mathematical equations for establishing a numerical model and describing the motion of the cloud water and the atmosphere mainly comprise a vorticity equation, a water vapor control equation and an Euler equation system containing water vapor:
vorticity equation of vorticity
Wherein,TV＝T(1+0.608q)，τ＝W+R+I+I
eta: relative vorticity. Vorticity is a fluid mechanics concept, vector, used to describe the rotation of a fluid. In the atmosphere, vorticity is the vorticity of an air micelle. For the convenience of identification, positive and negative vorticity are provided. In the northern hemisphere, counterclockwise is positive vorticity, clockwise is opposite, and the cyclone is positive vorticity. Since the earth is rotating, relative vorticity is typically employed (i.e., vorticity generated by the earth is not considered);
x, z: horizontal and vertical directions;
g: acceleration of gravity;
ρ: the density of the air;
μ: air viscosity;
p: atmospheric pressure;
t: the temperature of the atmosphere;
the water vapor control equation:
η＝(Pdh-Pdht)/μd
wherein mudRepresents the mass of dry air in a unit air column, PdhAnd PdhtRespectively, the air pressure in the dry air and the mode top air pressure.
The euler equation set containing water vapor is:
dry aerostatic equation:
wet air equation of state: p ═ p0(Rdθm/p0αd)γ
Wherein alpha isdIs the inverse of the dry air density; rdIs the dry air to gas constant; p is a radical of0Is a reference air pressure; equal sign right items FU、Fv、Fw、FθRepresenting a forcing term caused by a mode physical process, turbulent flow mixing, spherical projection and earth rotation; a is an arbitrary constant; gamma ═ Cp/Cv1.4; α is the inverse of the density of all aqueous compositions:
α＝αd(1+qv+qc+qr+qi+…)-1
qxrespectively the specific water content of water vapor, water drops, rain water, cloud ice and the like.
In the cloud water reduction and precipitation enhancement scale prediction technology, small ice crystals, cloud drops and small water drops in the cloud are the material basis of precipitation, and the cloud water is transferred away, so that the precipitation is eliminated. When the macro-micro physical structure in the cloud is appropriate, precipitation is generated under the action of power and heat. In the technology, cloud drops and rain drops are preferably distinguished by taking the radius of 100 mu m as a boundary, and ice crystals and snow crystals are preferably distinguished by taking the radius of 150 mu m as a boundary.
In the artificial weather modification technology, the artificial cloud water migration effect is mainly reflected in the number of the migrated cloud water. The amount of cloud water migrated can be calculated by the following formula:
Nw＝πnfwvwr2t
in the formula, Nw: water delivery, kg;
fw: water content in clouds, g/m3；
vw: moving speed of the cloud water, m/s;
r: pipe radius, m;
n: the number of pipelines;
t: transport time, hours.
The preferred recommended inner diameter of the artificial weather modification system is 2m, the moving speed of the cloud water is 17m/s, and the water content is sufficient to be 5.5g/m3Under the condition, 4228kg of cloud water can be transferred per hour by a single floating pipeline, and the converted water amount is 1.17m3S; compared with the water quantity and speed of the south water and the north water in China, the south water and the north water east line of the south water start to pass water for the first time formally from 11 and 15 days in 2013 to 10 and 12 months for 25 days, 3400 million cubic meters of water is totally regulated, and the water flow is 15.75m3S; therefore, the cloud water transferred by the 16 floating pipelines is equivalent to east water amount, the cost is less than one thousandth, the efficiency is improved by hundreds of times, and the water quality is improved qualitatively. In particular for reducing precipitation, precipitation will stop once cloud water migration has reduced the cloud droplet saturation in the cloud to a critical saturation. When the critical saturation is not reached, due to the reduction of cloud drops and condensed nuclei, rainwater generated due to collision and other actions in the descending process of the cloud drops is also reduced, and according to the difference of the heights of cloud bottoms, the reduction of rainwater amount is 10-30 times of that of the water amount transported out of the cloud.
By using the weather modification technology of the invention, for example, rain enhancement is taken as an example, after cloud water is conveyed to the sky above a rain enhancement area through the floating pipeline, cloud drops rapidly grow along with the increase of a large amount of input water, and a certain amount of large cloud drops can appear in a short time. The large cloud drops and the small cloud drops above the rain enhancement area are mutually collided and condensed to form larger water drops, and when the cloud drops are increased greatly and the number of the cloud drops is increased, the influence of ascending air flow is overcome, and the large cloud drops fall out of the cloud to generate rainfall. For warm cloud water which is manually conveyed by cloud water and has the temperature of more than 0 ℃ and mainly contains small water drops, salt powder can be further sprayed to promote the moisture absorption and growth of the cloud drops and the precipitation.
Under the conditions that the temperature near the ground is below 0 ℃ and the temperature in the air is lower in winter, dry ice, liquid nitrogen, silver iodide and the like are sprayed at the outlet end at a proper time and reasonable speed to increase the number of ice crystals in the cloud, so that supercooled cloud drops in the cloud are desublimated and continuously grow up, and layered cold cloud precipitation can be increased. The dry ice is solidWhite carbon dioxide, no odor, specific gravity of 1.3-1.6g/cm3The gasification temperature at one atmosphere of pressure is-78.9 ℃, the heat absorbed when each kilogram of dry ice is sublimated into gas is 573.5kJ, and the dry ice is stored in a steel cylinder in liquid state and is discharged as powdery dry ice particles. Liquid nitrogen density 805kg/m3The boiling point is-195.8 ℃, the latent heat of vaporization is 99600kJ/kg, and the catalyst is a green catalyst together with dry ice, does not pollute the environment and is the preferred catalyst.
In the invention, the precipitation quantity and the quantity of the cloud water reduced and conveyed form a positive correlation. The floating pipeline with the inner diameter of 2m and a single floating pipeline can transfer 4228kg of cloud water per hour, and form 42-100t of precipitation after air collision and condensation growth. Hundreds of cloud water pipelines can increase 1 ten thousand tons of precipitation per hour, and the effect is obvious.
In the invention, meteorological conditions such as wind direction and the like, geographical conditions such as latitude, terrain, traffic and the like are comprehensively considered, the positions of areas (urban areas, cities and towns, farmlands and the like) needing to reduce rainfall and areas (lakes, reservoirs, rivers, dry areas and the like) needing to reduce rainfall are researched and determined, and operation routes, traffic conditions and transportation modes are planned. For areas needing rainfall reduction, such as urban areas including large and medium cities needing waterlogging prevention and rain disasters, wharfs, railway hubs and logistics distribution areas with great traffic and economic relations, cash crop planting bases, livestock breeding bases, military bases, large crop production areas and the like, the technology of the invention can reduce rainfall, reduce continuous rainfall intensity and reduce hail disasters. The technology of the invention has obvious effect on areas needing increased rainfall, such as reservoirs with medium and short distances (within 100 km), lakes, large rivers, rural afforestation areas, returning areas, wetlands and seas, and arid areas with medium and long distances.
According to the dry and wet distribution condition of China and long-distance cloud migration, the technology has great significance for balancing precipitation in the south and north of China, reducing the influence of flood and waterlogging disasters in the south, removing precious rainwater in the drought and rainless north, and removing desertification and even greening the northwest. Particularly, the technology of the invention is easy to realize and has great significance when used for transferring rainwater at medium and short distances, and can reduce waterlogging in densely populated areas, disperse precipitation, and reduce the precipitation intensity in urban areas and the damage degree caused by the precipitation.
In the weather modification system, the required cloud water migration operation scale and the required equipment number are calculated and prepared according to the cloud water migration speed, the migration distance requirement and the like, and the number of floating pipelines, floating platforms and the like required by the operation is calculated and prepared. For example, in terms of cloud water migration, particularly for reducing precipitation in large and medium cities, the integrated floating pipeline is generally converted into cloud water particles of 3.3-10 ten thousand tons at a scale of 100 ten thousand tons each time, and 164-493 floating pipelines with the inner diameter of 2m are required to be connected in parallel according to the day and night time of operation 2. For the calculation of the floating platform of the floating integrated floating pipeline, the total weight of 2430kg of each floating pipeline and accessories (the weight is 2260kg) and industrial exhaust fans (the weight is 170kg) is preferably carried by 1-2 floating platforms. In addition, the floating platform is formed by upgrading and reconstructing a floating device, is positioned below a stratosphere in a troposphere, is generally arranged at a distance of 1000-2500m away from the ground, is fixed on a fixed mooring pile on the ground by a mooring rope, and is partially fixed on a movable mooring platform. The load of a single floating platform is more than 1000kg, and a plurality of floating platforms are combined for use according to the migration scale of the cloud water and the length of the conveying distance.
The integrated floating pipeline used in the invention is built by adopting a novel co-extrusion film material with high strength, light weight, wear resistance and tearing resistance, and the floating pipeline is unfolded in the air from a usual compression-folding state and is hung below a floating platform when in use. Optimized single-pipe inner diameter of floating pipeline>2m, length>0.5km, used in combination with the transverse and longitudinal directions (as shown in figure 2). The pipelines are directly connected, and catalyst ejectors such as dry ice are arranged at the outlet ends of the pipelines positioned in the rain enhancement area. When the specific cloud water movement is carried out, after the scale, distance and effect of the cloud water manual movement are determined, equipment such as a floating platform, a floating pipeline and the like required by the operation are prepared and conveyed to an operation line, and the floating pipeline is inflated, lifted off, suspended and pulled to lift off, expand and fix according to the connection mooring platform and the floating platformAnd carrying out cloud water migration according to the sequence of the position and the connection. The natural pressure difference is utilized as much as possible to form directional and natural flow of the cloud water from the subduction area to the rain enhancement area, and the exhaust fan is started to artificially enhance the flow speed and the flow under the condition that the flow speed and the flow cannot meet the requirements. According to the research, the air pressure is decreased unevenly along with the increase of the height, and the air pressure difference at the two ends of the pipeline is formed. Under the action of natural pressure difference and manual driving force, saturated water vapor, cloud drops and ice crystals in accumulated rain cloud and raining cloud can flow directionally. In particular embodiments, the water content in the cloud is, for example, from 5 to 10g/cm3The natural pressure difference is 0.5-1 MPa. In order to reduce cloud dissipation and be limited by power and volume, the cloud water migration speed is designed to be about 17 m/s.
Particularly, the transferred cloud water can be transferred to nearby lakes, reservoirs and rivers by using the invention. The outlet end is provided with precipitation catalytic substances such as dry ice, liquid nitrogen and the like, so that the transferred cloud water is converted into precipitation and cannot return to the water-consuming area from the air. For arid water-deficient areas, cloud water can be directly extracted from clouds above water-vapor-rich areas such as nearby valleys, forests and lakes by using a cloud water migration system and is migrated to the arid areas to catalyze precipitation and relieve drought. Compared with the existing modes of overhead cannon, rocket projectile, airplane scattering and the like, the application efficiency of the catalyst is improved, the mode of 'scattering in a scattered day' is changed into 'accurate acting force' sprayed by an outlet end, the mode of 'waiting for the cloud to rain', 'applying by the sky' is changed into 'active attack', 'finding the cloud and pulling the cloud', the rainfall probability is increased, and the rainfall enhancement effect is improved.
In the invention, the floating pipeline guides and limits the migration direction and range of the cloud water. Because the temporary frame is arranged at middle and low altitudes, the range and the scale are small, the influence on an aircraft route is avoided, and meanwhile, the temporary frame can be recovered and removed after construction and operation are completed at any time, so that the cost and the expense are greatly saved compared with a ground canal and a ditch. The floating pipeline is built by high-strength wear-resistant tear-resistant materials (such as PO/PE co-extruded films, polyurethane elastomers and the like, and is tough, wear-resistant, tear-resistant, cloud water loss prevention, smooth, safe, environment-friendly, non-toxic and low in price), can be stretched and compressed, is stored in a container at ordinary times, and is transported to a cloud water migration path to be unfolded in the air when being applied. The pipeline is light and thin, is pulled by a floating platform and is suspended in the air to form a temporary cloud water migration channel.
The floating platform is formed by modifying a floating device, is filled with helium, and is safe and reliable. The device is fixed above a mooring platform through a mooring rope, can stay for 15 days and nights (the general cloud water migration operation time does not exceed 10 days), resists strong wind of 10 grades, and completely meets the operation requirements. Moreover, by applying the proprietary technology, the helium gas is filled by one third to one half of the volume of other aerostats, so that the operation cost is reduced, and the effective load is increased.
Effects of patent
The key of artificially influencing the weather technical development lies in improving the utilization efficiency of cloud water resources and reducing disasters caused by precipitation. The core of improving the utilization efficiency lies in supplementing rainfall in water-deficient areas and reducing the rainfall in rain-waterlogging areas. Research shows that the average water vapor input amount in the air on continents of China is about 18.2 billion cubic meters, the output amount is about 15.8 trillion cubic meters, the net input amount per year is about 2.4 trillion cubic meters, and the water vapor accounts for 13.2% of the input amount. Under the prior art, the artificial rainfall increase potential of China is about 2800 billion cubic meters per year, the actual rainfall increase is only about 500 billion cubic meters per year at present, and aerial cloud water resources have huge development potential. How great a cloud or cloud is potential depends on how much water vapour is condensed into cloud water and how much cloud water is transported from outside the area during the time period considered. Mesoscale weather patterns and remote sensing systems based on various wavelength radars can provide information in this regard. The cloud observation and foundation remote sensing means of the airplane can enable people to know the micro physical structure in the natural cloud more clearly, and theoretical guarantee is provided for artificial migration of cloud water.
In the method screening, the applicability, possible applicable technologies, applicable cloud layers and implementation operating conditions of possible methods are compared, and the input-output ratio, the possibility of commercial popularization and the sustainable development prospect are researched. The feasibility analysis comprises research such as data investigation and analysis, indoor preliminary analysis, optimal process technical condition screening, economic evaluation and the like.
The beneficial effect of this patent lies in: the cloud migration precipitation transfer technology can reduce the precipitation (rain and snow) intensity of local areas in a large scale and reduce the intensity of rain and flood disasters. "Tianshui Beijing" can transfer excessive rainwater to water-collecting area and drought area, and can radically improve ecological environment. Compared with the prior art, the technology has the following advantages:
(1) the method for reducing rainfall from the root of the flood causes of rain and water logging and 'kettle bottom salary' is the pioneering technology for artificially influencing weather.
(2) The method changes the single rain-increasing or cloud-eliminating operation into the rain-decreasing and rain-increasing linkage operation, can effectively utilize precious cloud water resources, enables the water resource adjustment to be more flexible and faster, and is a brand new independent intellectual property method.
(3) The large-scale spreading of catalysts such as dry ice, silver iodide and the like is changed into directional and fixed-point spraying, so that the precipitation efficiency is improved.
The rain enhancement and rain reduction are a unified body which supplements each other, the rain enhancement and rain reduction are artificially split due to technical limitation in the past, or only rain enhancement or only rain reduction (fog and hail elimination) is carried out, precious cloud water resources are better utilized by a cloud water migration technology, and the unification of rain reduction and rain reduction is realized.
Reduction of precipitation as exemplified in the above sea market: according to the national statistical office data of the people's republic of China, the total market area of Shanghai city is 7,037.50 square kilometers, wherein the land area is 6,340.5 square kilometers, the water area is 697 square kilometers, and the urban area is 2,648.6 square kilometers, and the built area is 860.2 square kilometers (No. 2 in China, second to Beijing, and ranked fifth all over the world in 2006).
One extra heavy storm from 16 to 17 days 6 and 2015 attacks the Shanghai, and the average rainfall is 70-120 mm. In the morning of 17 days, water accumulates on nearly one hundred roads in the Shanghai to the knees, the bus is difficult to drive, a large number of trolleys are cast, and old houses run over the golden mountains. By using the method to transfer 100 million tons of cloud water, the rainfall of 11.63mm in the main urban area (built-up area) of the Shanghai city is averagely reduced, which accounts for 23.2% of the rainfall amount of the torrential rain, so that the method has important influence on the prevention and control of rain disasters and has practical significance.
Rainstorm directly affects urban image, urban underground rail traffic, ground traffic, work, life, etc., with losses in the billions of RMB. According to incomplete statistics, 20 (district, city) 2079 people in China are in disaster, 108 people die and 21 people are lost in 2015 summer, 107.2 people are placed in emergency transfer, 1717 kilo hectares of crops are in disaster, 4.4 thousands of houses collapse, and rainstorm and flood directly cause economic loss of about 353 hundred million yuan. And the service cost for paying the rainstorm, disaster relief and waterlogging reduction is less than one tenth, so the technology of the invention is very reasonable.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present patent, but the protection scope of the present patent is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present patent disclosure should be covered within the protection scope of the present patent. It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present patent as defined by the following claims.
Claims (9)
1. A system for artificially influencing weather comprises an integrated floating pipeline, a floating platform and a system remote control platform,
the integrated floating pipeline is used for collecting, conveying and scattering cloud water, namely collecting, conveying and scattering precipitation catalyst to generate precipitation;
the floating platform is used for suspending and drawing the integrated floating pipeline and is suspended above the mooring platform at a fixed point through a mooring rope;
the system remote control platform is used for ground control of floating platform lifting, pipeline connection, separation, precipitation catalyst scattering, operation environment observation and monitoring, and is used for improving the operation efficiency of cloud water artificial migration, recording data and improving safety guarantee.
2. A weather modification system as claimed in claim 1, which operates on the basis of the basic principles of artificial cloud migration, namely, by means of integrated floating pipelines, directionally migrating clouds to reduce precipitation in flooded areas, and simultaneously increasing precipitation in reservoirs, lakes or arid areas, which in combination can address both flooding and drought; the specific working principle is as follows: because the dew point temperature of the water vapor drops slowly compared with the air temperature, after a certain height, the wet air is saturated, and the water vapor can be saturated at a middle-low altitude of about 1000m by thermal and power coupling to form low cloud; the water drops of the cloud are smaller, but precipitation is generated through mutual combination and condensation in the sedimentation; after small water drops and small ice crystals in clouds above the rain-waterlogging and flood area are swabbed and transferred, the material basis of rainfall can be greatly reduced, and the effect of reducing the rainfall is achieved; after the cloud water is manually moved to a selected proper region and height, the dry ice catalyst is sprayed at a reasonable speed at a proper time, condensation nuclei are manually increased, precipitation can be promoted, the released cloud water is not returned to the original place any more, and the effect of increasing rain is achieved.
3. The weather modification system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the integrated floating pipeline is a normal-pressure, normal-temperature, light, large-diameter, telescopic floating pipeline, and is composed of an inlet and an outlet port, a spring keel, a composite skin, a press buckle, a solar thin-film battery, and a traction interface, so as to realize directional pipe flow transportation, water vapor transfer, and precipitation redistribution of cloud droplets, small water droplets, ice crystals, or cloud water substances.
4. A weather modification system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the floating platform is formed of an aerostat, a mooring line, a suspension line, and a mooring platform, the payload is greater than 1000kg, the system can be continuously parked for more than 24 hours at an altitude of more than 1000m, and the system is resistant to weather of more than 10 grades of strong wind and thunderstorms; the floating platform in the system is a space loading platform which is built based on the aerostat technology and has larger effective load and fixed-point residence, and because the captive helium balloon and the nitrogen/hydrogen double-shell balloon are used as the aerostat, the system is safe and reliable.
5. A weather modification system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the integrated floating ducts are formed by connecting a plurality of sections of ducts, and the floating ducts are combined to be used in a cluster, and the starting points of the floating ducts are distributed in a dynamic area or a three-dimensional manner in the cloud according to the suction radius.
6. The weather modification system according to claim 1, wherein the integrated aerostat pipeline has an inner diameter (radius) >2m, a length >0.5km, a spiral compression spring is used as a keel, a light and thin composite film material is used as a pipe wall, and the sectional area is large, so that medium-high altitude residence and combined application under the assistance of an aerostat can be realized.
7. A weather modification system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the buoyant conduit keel is provided with a compression spring, which provides a required radial support force, while substantially saving storage space after compression; the compression springs (compression springs) provide resisting force for the external load pressure, and when the device is used, the device can be opened and the hasps can be stretched to the required maximum length to form a pipeline required by the directional movement of the cloud water; the compression spring is coiled by metal wires (pipes) at equal pitches, is generally cylindrical, and also has a concave shape, a convex shape, a square shape, a rectangular shape, a conical shape and a conical-linear combination shape.
8. A weather modification system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the walls of the conduits are closely adjacent the keel and are impermeable to water vapor, lightweight and strong; the pipeline constructed by the method is completely different from the existing drainage pipeline, oil and gas pipeline, power pipeline and ventilation pipeline, is not buried underground or erected on the ground or near the surface of the ground, but is suspended in the air and used for directional migration of cloud drops, ice crystals or cloud water.
9. A method of artificially influencing weather using the system of any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
step one, predicting the cloud water reduction scale;
secondly, determining positions of a rain-eliminating area and a rain-increasing area;
thirdly, measuring and calculating the scale of the cloud water migration operation and the number of required devices;
fourthly, setting a floating platform;
fifthly, arranging a floating large-diameter pipeline;
and sixthly, implementing cloud water migration operation.
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| CN105815163A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-08-03 | 青海大学 | Device for moving rain accumulation cloud layer |
| CN106508532A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2017-03-22 | 李叙榆 | Automatic and efficient electricity generation and overhead water feeding atmosphere pressure difference tunnel system penetrating Himalayas |
| CN107873351A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-04-06 | 程鹏 | A kind of weather modification is tethered at plume and is tethered at cigarette stove |
| CN108548894A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-09-18 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of multifunction laser induction water condensation simulates the Nature rainfall system |
| CN109515744A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-03-26 | 合肥工业大学 | Contracting is than aerostatics experimental rig under a kind of complex environment |
| CN109729895A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-05-10 | 北京市人工影响天气办公室 | A kind of laboratory system of weather modification |
| CN110334894A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-10-15 | 周志强 | A kind of method and system adjusting regional area precipitation |
| CN111084036A (en) * | 2019-09-21 | 2020-05-01 | 刘培贤 | Method for carrying out north-south adjustment by using transport means |
| CN111418423A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-17 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | Local climate adjusting method and adjusting system thereof |
| CN118805607A (en) * | 2024-09-18 | 2024-10-22 | 福建水口发电集团有限公司 | Unmanned floating acoustic rainfall enhancement system and method for increasing reservoir storage |
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Application publication date: 20151125 |