CN105060642A - Sewage treatment method and system used for enhancing phosphorus and nitrogen removal and based on sludge carbon source circulation - Google Patents
Sewage treatment method and system used for enhancing phosphorus and nitrogen removal and based on sludge carbon source circulation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明针对目前污水厂因进水碳源缺乏而导致除磷脱氮效率偏低的问题提出一种基于污泥碳源循环的强化除磷脱氮污水处理方法及系统。该系统由具有除磷脱氮功能的主流污水处理系统和侧流污泥碳源循环系统组成。主流污水处理系统包括沉砂池、生物除磷脱氮池和二沉池；侧流污泥碳源循环系统包括污泥无机物分离器、污泥碳源化池、污泥脱水系统。本发明在传统除磷脱氮工艺的基础上嵌入侧流污泥碳源循环系统，将大部分剩余污泥进行强化水解酸化，使其中的固态碳源转化为溶解态易降解碳源物质（如VFAs）；再将其作为补充碳源回流至生物除磷脱氮池，从而缓解反硝化菌和聚磷菌对碳源的竞争，达到提高生物除磷脱氮效率的目的；同时实现污泥碳源的循环利用。
Aiming at the problem of low efficiency of phosphorus and nitrogen removal in current sewage plants due to lack of influent carbon sources, the present invention proposes an enhanced phosphorus and nitrogen removal sewage treatment method and system based on sludge carbon source circulation. The system consists of a mainstream sewage treatment system with phosphorus and nitrogen removal functions and a side stream sludge carbon source circulation system. The mainstream sewage treatment system includes grit chambers, biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal tanks, and secondary sedimentation tanks; the side stream sludge carbon source circulation system includes sludge inorganic matter separators, sludge carbon source tanks, and sludge dewatering systems. The present invention embeds a side-flow sludge carbon source circulation system on the basis of the traditional phosphorus and nitrogen removal process, and conducts enhanced hydrolysis and acidification of most of the remaining sludge to convert the solid carbon source into dissolved easily degradable carbon source substances (such as VFAs); and then return it as a supplementary carbon source to the biological phosphorus removal and denitrification pool, so as to alleviate the competition between denitrifying bacteria and phosphorus accumulating bacteria for carbon sources, and achieve the purpose of improving the efficiency of biological phosphorus removal and nitrogen removal; at the same time, sludge carbon source recycling.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明属于污水处理技术领域，涉及一种基于污泥碳源循环的强化除磷脱氮污水处理方法及系统。 The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and relates to a sewage treatment method and system for strengthening phosphorus and nitrogen removal based on sludge carbon source circulation.
背景技术 Background technique
近年来，由于我国城镇排水系统不完善以及居民日常用水量的不断增加，造成我国城市污水厂普遍存在进水碳源不足的情况。碳源的缺乏直接加剧了反硝化菌和聚磷菌对碳源的竞争，从而导致生物除磷脱氮效果较差和出水水质不达标。为了保障出水水质稳定达标，大多数污水处理厂不得不通过投加外碳源（如：甲醇、葡萄糖、乙醇等）的方式来提高生物除磷脱氮效率。这种方式虽然能够实现出水稳定达标的效果，但是因需投加大量的外碳源会大大的增加了污水处理厂的运行费用，从而加重其运行的经济负担。 In recent years, due to the imperfect drainage system of cities and towns in my country and the continuous increase of residents' daily water consumption, the urban sewage plants in my country generally have insufficient carbon sources in the water. The lack of carbon sources directly intensifies the competition between denitrifying bacteria and phosphorus accumulating bacteria for carbon sources, resulting in poor biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal and effluent quality not up to standard. In order to ensure the stable quality of effluent water, most sewage treatment plants have to increase the efficiency of biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal by adding external carbon sources (such as methanol, glucose, ethanol, etc.). Although this method can achieve the effect of stable effluent reaching the standard, it will greatly increase the operating cost of the sewage treatment plant due to the need to add a large amount of external carbon sources, thereby increasing the economic burden of its operation.
作为污水处理厂的必然产物——剩余污泥虽然含有大量的有机物，但却往往被当作废弃物处理，不仅增加了处理成本，同时也造成了资源的浪费。 As an inevitable product of sewage treatment plants - although residual sludge contains a large amount of organic matter, it is often treated as waste, which not only increases the treatment cost, but also causes a waste of resources.
因此针对目前城市污水厂碳源不足的问题研发出一种基于污泥碳源循环利用的强化除磷脱氮污水处理系统及方法意义重大。 Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an enhanced phosphorus and nitrogen removal sewage treatment system and method based on the recycling of sludge carbon sources to solve the problem of insufficient carbon sources in urban sewage plants.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
针对现有技术存在的上述不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种基于污泥碳源循环的强化除磷脱氮污水处理方法及系统。 In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an enhanced phosphorus and nitrogen removal wastewater treatment method and system based on sludge carbon source circulation.
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下： In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:
一种基于污泥碳源循环利用的强化除磷脱氮污水处理方法，按以下步骤操作： A method for treating wastewater with enhanced phosphorus and nitrogen removal based on the recycling of sludge carbon sources, which operates in the following steps:
1）将污水进行砂水分离后，将分离出来的污水导入生物除磷脱氮池，使之按照厌氧-缺氧-好氧的方式运行以实现脱氮、除磷以及有机物的去除，通过生物除磷脱氮池曝气系统提供微生物分解污水中的营养物所需的氧气；将完成生物除磷脱氮的污水通过沉淀完成泥水分离，将处理后的净水排出；将沉淀下来的污泥一部分回流到生物除磷脱氮池的前端形成回流污泥，另一部分则作为剩余污泥； 1) After the sewage is separated from sand and water, the separated sewage is introduced into the biological phosphorus removal and denitrification tank, and it is operated in an anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic manner to achieve denitrification, phosphorus removal and organic matter removal. The aeration system of the biological phosphorus removal and denitrification tank provides the oxygen needed by microorganisms to decompose the nutrients in the sewage; the sewage that has completed the biological phosphorus removal and denitrification is separated through sedimentation to complete the mud-water separation, and the treated clean water is discharged; Part of the mud flows back to the front end of the biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal tank to form return sludge, and the other part is used as excess sludge;
2）将步骤1）所述的剩余污泥中的惰性无机物分离出来，进而形成有机质含量较低的底流污泥和有机质含量较高的溢流污泥；底流污泥进行脱水处理后，使其脱水含水率小于80%后外运； 2) Separating the inert inorganic substances in the excess sludge described in step 1), and then forming underflow sludge with low organic matter content and overflow sludge with high organic matter content; after the underflow sludge is dehydrated, make Its dehydration moisture content is less than 80% and then exported;
3）将步骤2）所述的溢流污泥通过强化水解酸化工艺使其中的有机质从固态难降解有机质转化为溶解态的易降解碳源，并促进挥发性脂肪酸的转化，进而形成碳源回流液；该碳源回流液回流至生物除磷脱氮池的前端；实现污泥碳源的循环利用。 3) Convert the overflow sludge described in step 2) through the enhanced hydrolysis and acidification process to convert the organic matter in it from solid refractory organic matter to dissolved easily degradable carbon source, and promote the conversion of volatile fatty acids, thereby forming carbon source reflux liquid; the carbon source reflux liquid returns to the front end of the biological phosphorus removal and denitrification tank; realizes the recycling of sludge carbon source.
为了使上述方法达到良好的处理效果，步骤3）中所述的溢流污泥的污泥浓度应≥10000mg/L，污泥中有机质含量应≥40%；该溢流污泥进行强化水解酸化的时间不少于一天，进行强化水解酸化的反应环境的ORP≤50mv。 In order to make the above method achieve a good treatment effect, the sludge concentration of the overflow sludge described in step 3) should be ≥10000mg/L, and the organic matter content in the sludge should be ≥40%; the overflow sludge should be subjected to enhanced hydrolysis and acidification The time for not less than one day, and the ORP of the reaction environment for enhanced hydrolysis and acidification is less than or equal to 50mv.
进一步地，根据需要，将步骤1）所述的被沉淀污泥的4-10%（质量比）作为剩余污泥。 Further, as required, 4-10% (mass ratio) of the sedimented sludge described in step 1) is used as excess sludge.
基于污泥碳源循环利用的强化除磷脱氮污水处理系统，包括主流污水处理系统和侧流污泥碳源循环系统： The enhanced phosphorus and nitrogen removal sewage treatment system based on the recycling of sludge carbon source, including the mainstream sewage treatment system and the side stream sludge carbon source recycling system:
所述的主流污水处理系统包括沉砂池、生物除磷脱氮池和二沉池，所述的沉砂池设置有进水管，用于将污水引入，该沉砂池通过沉砂池出水管与所述的生物除磷脱氮池连通；所述的生物除磷脱氮池上设置有曝气系统，用于曝气，该生物除磷脱氮池通过混合液排放管与所述的二沉池连通；所述的二沉池设置有用于排出处理后净水的出水管、污泥回流管和剩余污泥排放管；所述污泥回流管一端与二沉池连通，另一端与生物除磷脱氮池的前端连通，用于将活性污泥回流；所述的剩余污泥排放管一端与二沉池连通，另一端与侧流污泥碳源循环系统连通，用于将污泥排入污泥碳源循环系统。 The mainstream sewage treatment system includes a grit chamber, a biological phosphorus removal and denitrification pond, and a secondary sedimentation pond. The grit chamber is provided with a water inlet pipe for introducing sewage, and the grit chamber passes through the grit chamber outlet pipe. It is connected with the biological phosphorus removal and nitrogen removal tank; the biological phosphorus removal and nitrogen removal tank is provided with an aeration system for aeration, and the biological phosphorus removal and nitrogen removal tank is connected with the secondary sedimentation tank through the mixed liquid discharge pipe. The tank is connected; the secondary settling tank is provided with an outlet pipe for discharging treated clean water, a sludge return pipe and a residual sludge discharge pipe; one end of the sludge return pipe is connected with the secondary settling tank, and the other end is connected with the biological removal The front end of the phosphorus denitrification tank is connected to return the activated sludge; one end of the excess sludge discharge pipe is connected to the secondary sedimentation tank, and the other end is connected to the side stream sludge carbon source circulation system to discharge the sludge. into the sludge carbon source recycling system.
当生物除磷脱氮池需要外投碳源时，启动侧流污泥碳源循环系统进行补碳。 When the biological phosphorus removal and denitrification tank needs external carbon source, the side stream sludge carbon source circulation system is started to supplement carbon.
所述侧流污泥碳源循环系统包括污泥无机物分离器、污泥碳源化池和污泥脱水系统；所述的剩余污泥排放管与污泥无机物分离器连通；所述的污泥无机物分离器通过溢流污泥排放管与所述的污泥碳源化池连通，通过底流污泥排放管与所述的污泥脱水系统连通；污泥碳源化池通过污泥碳源回流管与生物除磷脱氮池的前端连通。 The side stream sludge carbon source circulation system includes a sludge inorganic matter separator, a sludge carbon source tank and a sludge dewatering system; the remaining sludge discharge pipe is communicated with the sludge inorganic matter separator; the The sludge inorganic matter separator communicates with the sludge carbon source tank through the overflow sludge discharge pipe, and communicates with the sludge dewatering system through the underflow sludge discharge pipe; the sludge carbon source tank passes through the sludge The carbon source return pipe communicates with the front end of the biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal pool.
进一步地，所述的生物除磷脱氮池可以为A2/O生化反应池、氧化沟以及其演变工艺等具有脱氮、除磷以及去除有机物功能的设施。 Further, the biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal pools can be A 2 /O biochemical reaction pools, oxidation ditch and its evolution process and other facilities with the functions of denitrification, phosphorus removal and organic matter removal.
进一步地，为了调节排入侧流污泥碳源循环系统的污泥量，在所述的剩余污泥排放管12上设置有调节阀。 Further, in order to adjust the amount of sludge discharged into the side stream sludge carbon source circulation system, a regulating valve is provided on the excess sludge discharge pipe 12 .
与现有的技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果： Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
1、污泥无机物分离器能够将剩余污泥中包含的惰性无机物分离出来，达到提高剩余污泥有机质含量的目的，从而提高污泥碳源化效率。 1. The sludge inorganic matter separator can separate the inert inorganic matter contained in the excess sludge to achieve the purpose of increasing the organic matter content of the excess sludge, thereby improving the carbon source efficiency of the sludge.
2、通过强化水解酸化等措施使剩余污泥碳源化，以污泥碳源为系统内碳源回流至主流污水处理工艺系统中，不仅可以缓解厌氧释磷和缺氧反硝化的碳源竞争，提高污水处理系统脱氮除磷的效率，保障出水水质。还能实现剩余污泥的资源化和污泥碳源循环利用，避免了外碳源的投加，有效的减小了污水厂的运行费用。 2. Through measures such as strengthening hydrolysis and acidification, the remaining sludge is carbonized, and the sludge carbon source is used as the carbon source in the system to return to the mainstream sewage treatment process system, which can not only alleviate the carbon source of anaerobic phosphorus release and anoxic denitrification competition, improve the efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in the sewage treatment system, and ensure the quality of effluent water. It can also realize the recycling of excess sludge and the recycling of sludge carbon sources, avoiding the addition of external carbon sources, and effectively reducing the operating costs of sewage plants.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明的污水处理系统结构及物质流向示意图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure and material flow of the sewage treatment system of the present invention.
图中，1-沉砂池；2-生物除磷脱氮池；3-二沉池；4-污泥无机物分离器；5-污泥碳源化池；6-污泥脱水系统；7-进水管；8-沉砂池出水管；9-混合液排放管；10-出水管；11-污泥回流管；12-剩余污泥排放管；13-底流污泥排放管；14-溢流污泥排放管；15-污泥碳源回流管；16-曝气系统。 In the figure, 1-grit chamber; 2-biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal tank; 3-secondary sedimentation tank; 4-sludge inorganic matter separator; 5-sludge carbon source tank; 6-sludge dewatering system; 7 - water inlet pipe; 8- grit chamber outlet pipe; 9- mixed solution discharge pipe; 10- outlet pipe; 11- sludge return pipe; 12- excess sludge discharge pipe; 13- bottom flow sludge discharge pipe; 14- overflow Flow sludge discharge pipe; 15-sludge carbon source return pipe; 16-aeration system.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。 The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.
一、一种基于污泥碳源循环利用的强化除磷脱氮污水处理方法，按以下步骤操作： One, a kind of sewage treatment method of strengthening dephosphorization and denitrification based on sludge carbon source recycling , operates according to the following steps:
1）将污水进行砂水分离后，将分离出来的污水导入生物除磷脱氮池，使之按照厌氧-缺氧-好氧的方式运行以实现脱氮、除磷以及有机物的去除，通过生物除磷脱氮池曝气系统提供微生物分解污水中的营养物所需的氧气；将完成生物除磷脱氮的污水通过沉淀完成泥水分离，将处理后的净水排出；将沉淀下来的污泥一部分回流到生物除磷脱氮池的前端形成回流污泥，另一部分则作为剩余污泥； 1) After the sewage is separated from sand and water, the separated sewage is introduced into the biological phosphorus removal and denitrification tank, and it is operated in an anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic manner to achieve denitrification, phosphorus removal and organic matter removal. The aeration system of the biological phosphorus removal and denitrification tank provides the oxygen needed by microorganisms to decompose the nutrients in the sewage; the sewage that has completed the biological phosphorus removal and denitrification is separated through sedimentation to complete the mud-water separation, and the treated clean water is discharged; Part of the mud flows back to the front end of the biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal tank to form return sludge, and the other part is used as excess sludge;
2）将步骤1）所述的剩余污泥中的惰性无机物分离出来，进而形成有机质含量较低的底流污泥和有机质含量较高的溢流污泥；底流污泥进行脱水处理后，使其脱水含水率小于80%后外运； 2) Separating the inert inorganic substances in the excess sludge described in step 1), and then forming underflow sludge with low organic matter content and overflow sludge with high organic matter content; after the underflow sludge is dehydrated, make Its dehydration moisture content is less than 80% and then exported;
3）将步骤2）所述的溢流污泥通过强化水解酸化工艺使其中的有机质从固态难降解有机质转化为溶解态的易降解碳源，并促进挥发性脂肪酸的转化，进而形成碳源回流液；该碳源回流液回流至生物除磷脱氮池的前端；实现污泥碳源的循环利用。 3) Convert the overflow sludge described in step 2) through the enhanced hydrolysis and acidification process to convert the organic matter in it from solid refractory organic matter to dissolved easily degradable carbon source, and promote the conversion of volatile fatty acids, thereby forming carbon source reflux liquid; the carbon source reflux liquid returns to the front end of the biological phosphorus removal and denitrification tank; realizes the recycling of sludge carbon source.
步骤3）中所述的强化水解酸化工艺是在传统的污泥厌氧消化工艺水解酸化段的基础上所进行的改进。污泥的水解酸化是指污泥厌氧消化中的水解阶段和酸化阶段的合称，水解酸化作用可以使大分子和难降解有机物断链而转化为小分子有机酸。水解酸化过程中主要的微生物为水解菌和产酸菌，上述两菌种均为兼性菌。利用水解作用，让产酸细菌将污泥中的细菌外多糖粘质层水解，把细菌的细胞壁打开，并将大分子的细胞物质降解为小分子有机物质，也使污泥中大量复杂的有机物，如包括碳水化合物、蛋白质、脂类等水解成小分子有机物，最终获取大量的易生物降解的VFAs，使之作为补充用的碳源来强化生物营养物质（氮、磷）的去除。但是水解酸化过程是十分缓慢的，水解成为污泥分解的限制步骤。强化水解酸化工艺则是通过人为的施加措施，如投加碱、超声波、机械破解等措施来强化污泥水解酸化过程，加速污泥细胞的破解并促使颗粒态有机物转化为溶解态有机物。从而实现污泥碳源化。本发明在污泥碳源池5中人为施加强化水解酸化措施，使污泥高效的转化为溶解态的有机物（碳源），并将其回流到生物除磷脱氮池2的前端用于补充碳源，从而提高了系统的处理效率。 The enhanced hydrolysis and acidification process described in step 3) is an improvement on the basis of the hydrolysis and acidification section of the traditional sludge anaerobic digestion process. The hydrolytic acidification of sludge refers to the combined name of the hydrolysis stage and the acidification stage in the anaerobic digestion of sludge. The hydrolytic acidification can break the chain of macromolecules and refractory organics and convert them into small molecular organic acids. The main microorganisms in the process of hydrolytic acidification are hydrolyzing bacteria and acid producing bacteria, both of which are facultative bacteria. Using hydrolysis, the acid-producing bacteria hydrolyze the bacterial exopolysaccharide mucilage layer in the sludge, open the cell wall of the bacteria, and degrade the macromolecular cell substances into small molecular organic substances, and also make a large number of complex organic substances in the sludge , such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, etc. are hydrolyzed into small molecular organic substances, and finally a large amount of easily biodegradable VFAs are obtained, which can be used as a supplementary carbon source to strengthen the removal of biological nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus). However, the process of hydrolytic acidification is very slow, and hydrolysis becomes the limiting step of sludge decomposition. The enhanced hydrolysis and acidification process is to strengthen the sludge hydrolysis and acidification process through artificial measures, such as adding alkali, ultrasonic waves, mechanical cracking, etc., to accelerate the cracking of sludge cells and promote the conversion of particulate organic matter into dissolved organic matter. So as to realize the carbonization of sludge. The present invention artificially applies enhanced hydrolysis and acidification measures in the sludge carbon source pool 5, so that the sludge is efficiently converted into dissolved organic matter (carbon source), and it is returned to the front end of the biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal pool 2 for replenishment Carbon source, thereby improving the treatment efficiency of the system.
作为一种优选的实施方式，为了使上述方法达到良好的处理效果，步骤3）中所述的溢流污泥的污泥浓度应≥10000mg/L，污泥中有机质含量应≥40%；该溢流污泥进行强化水解酸化的时间不少于一天，进行强化水解酸化的反应环境的ORP≤50mv。 As a preferred embodiment, in order to achieve a good treatment effect by the above method, the sludge concentration of the overflow sludge described in step 3) should be ≥ 10000mg/L, and the organic matter content in the sludge should be ≥ 40%; The time for enhanced hydrolysis and acidification of overflow sludge is not less than one day, and the ORP of the reaction environment for enhanced hydrolysis and acidification is ≤50mv.
作为一种优选的实施方式，根据需要，将步骤1）所述被沉淀污泥的4-10%（质量比）作为剩余污泥。 As a preferred embodiment, as needed, 4-10% (mass ratio) of the settled sludge in step 1) is used as excess sludge.
本发明通过强化水解酸化等措施使剩余污泥在碳源化池中发生破解，污泥从固态难降解有机质转化为溶解性易生物降解碳源；该污泥碳源作为内碳源回流到生物除磷脱氮池，在一定程度上缓解厌氧释磷和缺氧反硝化的碳源竞争，从而提高生物除磷脱氮效率。由于剩余污泥来自主流污水处理系统，在侧流污泥碳源循环系统中将剩余污泥进行碳源化后又作为内碳源又回流到主流污水处理系统中，从而实现了污泥碳源的循环利用。 In the present invention, through measures such as strengthening hydrolysis and acidification, the remaining sludge is decomposed in the carbon source tank, and the sludge is converted from solid refractory organic matter into a soluble and easily biodegradable carbon source; the sludge carbon source is used as an internal carbon source to return to the biological Phosphorus removal and denitrification ponds alleviate the carbon source competition between anaerobic phosphorus release and anoxic denitrification to a certain extent, thereby improving the efficiency of biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal. Since the excess sludge comes from the mainstream sewage treatment system, the excess sludge is carbonized in the side stream sludge carbon source circulation system and then returned to the mainstream sewage treatment system as an internal carbon source, thus realizing the sludge carbon source recycling.
二、基于污泥碳源循环利用的强化除磷脱氮污水处理系统，如图1所示，包括主流污水处理系统和侧流污泥碳源循环系统： 2. The enhanced phosphorus and nitrogen removal sewage treatment system based on the recycling of sludge carbon source , as shown in Figure 1, includes the mainstream sewage treatment system and the side stream sludge carbon source recycling system:
所述的主流污水处理系统包括沉砂池1、生物除磷脱氮池2和二沉池3，所述的沉砂池1设置有进水管7，用于将污水引入，该沉砂池通过沉砂池出水管8与所述的生物除磷脱氮池2连通；所述的生物除磷脱氮池2上设置有曝气系统16，用于曝气，该生物除磷脱氮池2通过混合液排放管9与所述的二沉池3连通；所述的二沉池3设置有用于排出处理后净水的出水管10、污泥回流管11和剩余污泥排放管12；所述污泥回流管11一端与二沉池3连通，另一端与生物除磷脱氮池2的前端连通，用于将活性污泥回流；所述的剩余污泥排放管12一端与二沉池3连通，另一端与侧流污泥碳源循环系统连通，用于将污泥排入污泥碳源循环系统。 The mainstream sewage treatment system includes a grit chamber 1, a biological dephosphorization and denitrification pond 2, and a secondary sedimentation pond 3. The grit chamber 1 is provided with an inlet pipe 7 for introducing sewage, and the grit chamber passes through The outlet pipe 8 of the grit chamber is connected with the biological phosphorus removal and nitrogen removal tank 2; the biological phosphorus removal and nitrogen removal tank 2 is provided with an aeration system 16 for aeration, and the biological phosphorus removal and nitrogen removal tank 2 Communicate with the secondary settling tank 3 through the mixed liquid discharge pipe 9; the secondary settling tank 3 is provided with an outlet pipe 10, a sludge return pipe 11 and a surplus sludge discharge pipe 12 for discharging treated clean water; One end of the sludge return pipe 11 is communicated with the secondary sedimentation tank 3, and the other end is communicated with the front end of the biological phosphorus removal and denitrification tank 2 for returning the activated sludge; one end of the excess sludge discharge pipe 12 is connected with the secondary sedimentation tank 3 is connected, and the other end is connected with the side stream sludge carbon source circulation system, which is used to discharge the sludge into the sludge carbon source circulation system.
其中，沉砂池1的作用主要是去除0.2mm以上的无机颗粒；生物除磷脱氮池2可以用A2/O生化反应池、氧化沟以及其演变工艺等具有脱氮、除磷以及去除有机物功能的设施。 Among them, the role of grit chamber 1 is mainly to remove inorganic particles larger than 0.2mm; biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal tank 2 can use A 2 /O biochemical reaction tank, oxidation ditch and its evolution process to remove nitrogen, phosphorus and denitrification. Organics function facility.
当生物除磷脱氮池2需要外投碳源时，启动侧流污泥碳源循环系统进行补碳。 When the biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal pool 2 needs external carbon source input, the side stream sludge carbon source circulation system is started for carbon replenishment.
所述侧流污泥碳源循环系统包括污泥无机物分离器4、污泥碳源化池5和污泥脱水系统6；所述的剩余污泥排放管12与污泥无机物分离器4连通；所述的污泥无机物分离器4通过溢流污泥排放管14与所述的污泥碳源化池5连通，通过底流污泥排放管13与所述的污泥脱水系统6连通；污泥碳源化池通过污泥碳源回流管15与生物除磷脱氮池2的前端连通。 The side stream sludge carbon source circulation system includes a sludge inorganic matter separator 4, a sludge carbon source tank 5 and a sludge dewatering system 6; the excess sludge discharge pipe 12 and the sludge inorganic matter separator 4 Communication; the sludge inorganic matter separator 4 communicates with the sludge carbon source pool 5 through the overflow sludge discharge pipe 14, and communicates with the sludge dewatering system 6 through the underflow sludge discharge pipe 13 The sludge carbon source tank communicates with the front end of the biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal tank 2 through the sludge carbon source return pipe 15 .
侧流污泥碳源循环系统各部分的作用如下： The functions of each part of the side stream sludge carbon source circulation system are as follows:
污泥无机物分离器4：是一种基于旋流分离原理，根据污泥与无机物的粒度差和密度差对污泥进行分离的设备，可将惰性无机物物质从污泥中分离出来，从而达到提高污泥有机质的目的。可以选用CN102302974B所公开的“一种适用于去除污水处理厂活性污泥中淤沙的分离器”作为本发明的污泥无机物分离器。 Sludge Inorganic Matter Separator 4: It is a device based on the principle of cyclone separation, which separates sludge according to the particle size difference and density difference between sludge and inorganic matter, and can separate inert inorganic matter from sludge. So as to achieve the purpose of increasing the sludge organic matter. The "separator suitable for removing silt in activated sludge in sewage treatment plants" disclosed in CN102302974B can be selected as the sludge inorganic matter separator of the present invention.
污泥碳源化池5：通过强化水解酸化等工艺，使大部分剩余污泥发生破解，固态难降解有机质转化为溶解性易降解碳源；提高污泥碳源的可生化性。 Sludge carbon source pool 5: By strengthening hydrolysis and acidification processes, most of the remaining sludge will be cracked, and solid refractory organic matter will be converted into soluble and easily degradable carbon sources; the biodegradability of sludge carbon sources will be improved.
污泥脱水系统6：底流污泥进入污泥脱水系统6完成脱水，脱水后的污泥含水率小于80%后，可以外运。 Sludge dewatering system 6: The underflow sludge enters the sludge dewatering system 6 to complete dehydration, and the dehydrated sludge can be transported outside after its moisture content is less than 80%.
作为一种优选的实施方式，为了调节排入侧流污泥碳源循环系统的污泥量，在所述的剩余污泥排放管12上设置有调节阀。 As a preferred embodiment, in order to adjust the amount of sludge discharged into the side stream sludge carbon source circulation system, a regulating valve is provided on the excess sludge discharge pipe 12 .
三、应用实例3. Application examples
以重庆市某污水处理厂的沉砂池出水为处理对象，其进水水质为COD=64～203mg/L，BOD＝24～100mg/L、SS=52～508mg/L、TP=2.12～10.8mg/L、TN＝30～73mg/L、NH3-N=12～38mg/L。生物除磷脱氮池有效体积1m3，其中厌氧区0.1m3、缺氧区0.2m3、好氧区0.7m3，污泥减量池有效体积为0.25m3，日处理量1.5m3。 Taking the effluent from the grit chamber of a sewage treatment plant in Chongqing as the treatment object, the influent water quality is COD=64～203mg/L, BOD=24～100mg/L, SS=52～508mg/L, TP=2.12～10.8 mg/L, TN=30~73mg/L, NH 3 -N=12~38mg/L. The effective volume of the biological phosphorus and nitrogen removal tank is 1m 3 , of which the anaerobic zone is 0.1m 3 , the anoxic zone is 0.2m 3 , and the aerobic zone is 0.7m 3 , the effective volume of the sludge reduction tank is 0.25m 3 , and the daily treatment capacity is 1.5m3 3 .
运行参数：污泥龄（SRT）20天，MLSS4000mg/L，污泥回流比100%，污泥碳源化池停留时间2天，污泥碳源化池ORP≤50mv，污泥碳源化池的污泥浓度≥10000mg/L。 Operating parameters: Sludge age (SRT) 20 days, MLSS4000mg/L, sludge reflux ratio 100%, residence time of sludge carbon source tank for 2 days, sludge carbon source tank ORP≤50mv, sludge carbon source tank The sludge concentration ≥ 10000mg/L.
处理结果：出水COD≤30mg/L、TN≤13mg/L、NH3-N≤4mg/L、TP≤0.5mg/L，平均去除率分别为90%、74%、86.7%、90%，出水水质满足《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB18918-2002）一级A标准。其中，污泥碳源化率和贡献率分别为40%和35%。 Treatment results: effluent COD≤30mg/L, TN≤13mg/L, NH 3 -N≤4mg/L, TP≤0.5mg/L, with average removal rates of 90%, 74%, 86.7%, and 90%, respectively. The water quality meets the first-level A standard of the "Pollutant Discharge Standards for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002). Among them, the sludge carbonization rate and contribution rate were 40% and 35%, respectively.
式中：SCODe为碳源化后的溶解性化学需氧量(mg/L)，SCOD0为处理前的溶解性化学需氧量(mg/L)，TCODe为碳源化后的总化学需氧量(mg/L)，TCOD0为处理前的总化学需氧量(mg/L)。 In the formula: SCOD e is the dissolved chemical oxygen demand (mg/L) after carbonization, SCOD 0 is the dissolved chemical oxygen demand (mg/L) before treatment, TCOD e is the total carbonized oxygen demand after carbonization Chemical oxygen demand (mg/L), TCOD 0 is the total chemical oxygen demand (mg/L) before treatment.
式中：SCODe为碳源化后的溶解性化学需氧量(mg/L)，CODi为进水的化学需氧量(mg/L)，Vs和Vi分别为污泥碳源的体积和进水体积。 In the formula: SCOD e is the dissolved chemical oxygen demand (mg/L) after carbonization, CODi is the chemical oxygen demand (mg/L) of the influent, Vs and Vi are the volume and Influent volume.
本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其他不同形式的变化和变动。这里无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡是属于本发明的技术方案所引申出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之列。 The above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for illustrating the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other variations and modifications in various forms can be made on the basis of the above description. All the implementation manners cannot be exhaustively listed here. All obvious changes or changes derived from the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.
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Application publication date: 20151118 |