CN105030206B - The system and method that a kind of pair of brain stimulation target spot is detected and positioned - Google Patents
The system and method that a kind of pair of brain stimulation target spot is detected and positioned Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The system that a kind of pair of brain stimulation target spot is detected and positioned comprising: unit is induced, is used to induce at least one of subject's autokinetic movement, feeling or mood cerebral functional lateralitv, subject's brain is made to generate brain physiological signal；Signal acquisition recording unit, it is set to subject's brain, including the microcontroller of the front-end acquisition device for record acquisition data, the brain physiological signal transmitted out received from the front-end acquisition device for incuding the physiological signal sensor of the brain physiological signal, be electrically connected with the physiological signal sensor and the signal transmission communication module for being used for signal and exporting being electrically connected with the microcontroller；Signal analysis and processing unit receives the brain physiological signal, carries out signal processing and analysis to the brain physiological signal, and exports the quantification result that brain physiological signal responds most significant position (target spot)；The quantification result and subject's brain phantom are carried out image co-registration, and are exported by display module by information fusion unit.This case, which provides scheme, effectively quantification to position deep brain stimulation point of impact on target position.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for carrying out the system and method for positioning and electrode navigation to deep brain stimulation target spot.
Background technique
Generalling use the iconography mode based on stereotaxis method carries out target spot positioning at present, however due to image scan
There is the error up to 3cm in error, the simple method positioned by iconography mode.Thus, small part uses neuroelectricity
The method of physiology microelectrode recording, detects target spot and is positioned.However, these methods all can not be true, quantitative, accurate
React the stimulating electrode of final heeling-in and the positional relationship of target spot.
According to the study found that brain deep nerve core group or neuron colony have specific function, from these tissues
The physiological signal (including bioelectrical signals, biochemical signals etc.) of structure being capable of real time reaction cerebral functional lateralitv.For example, with fortune
Relevant basal nuclei (Basal Ganglia or the Basal Nuclei, including corpus straitum (shape of tail such as dynamic property, sensibility, spirit
Core, shell), globus pallidus, black substance, subthalamic nuclei, nucleus accumbens septi etc.) with the formation or control of many brain functions have close relationship, be
Control and reaction autokinetic movement, cognition, inertia behavior form, move the important nerve node of the relevant brain function activity such as eye, mood
Structure；Thalamus relevant to the disturbance of consciousness etc. is the important neuromechanism that sense of participation is formed, and can will be felt, kinesitherapy nerve work
Dynamic signal transmits between brain deep and cerebral cortex.Different nerve nucleus or neuron colony often undertake specific brain function
Formation, control or transmitting, and these participate in neural clusters that special cerebral functional lateralitv is formed and are not homogeneously distributed in entirely greatly
In between Naokong, but concentrate in some specific region.Therefore, it records and analyzes from these brain deep nerve cores group or nerve
The physiological signal of first cluster can not only realize the detection to cerebral functional lateralitv, additionally it is possible to pass through comparison and cerebral functional lateralitv phase
The signal characteristic of pass is strong and weak, differentiates regional location relevant to cerebral functional lateralitv.
However, but lack in the prior art by cerebral functional lateralitv induce with detect based on brain deep target spot position be
System and method.There are some combination brain deep nerve electric signal records and other physiological signals to record (such as myoelectricity, electrocardio, pulse, head
Skin brain electricity etc.), by analyze signal different characteristic for other it is relevant to deep brain stimulation research or clinical application it is special
Benefit.Such as, patent (CN102626538, Li Luming, the integrated form closed loop deep brain stimulator based on sleep monitor；
CN101925377, Medtronic Inc., the detection of sleep stage), it gives to record by above-mentioned signal and be slept with analysis
The method of dormancy state-detection.Wherein, patent (CN102626538) proposes according to dormant judgement and controls stimulator
ON/OFF, to realize the design of the closed loop nerve stimulator in ON/OFF meaning.The invention basis of this kind of patent is to pass through inspection
Cerebration, physiological parameter (mainly including EEG, pulse, breathing etc.) and the motion range and amplitude of survey are to determine whether be in
Sleep stage, to select stimulator simple on/off.These patents are all without proposing to determine deep brain stimulation target spot
The system and method for position and electrode navigation.
Summary of the invention
It can for the physiological signal of the limitation and brain deep nerve core of the prior art and method group or neuron colony
React cerebral functional lateralitv the fact, the present invention provide it is a kind of position for brain stimulation target spot and electrode navigate system and side
Method has the function of the nerve fibers, structural information such as Real-time Feedback brain deep nerve member, neuron colony, nerve nucleus, with
And the function of electrode implantation position.
To achieve the above object, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The system that a kind of pair of brain stimulation target spot is detected and positioned, including,
Induce unit, be used to induce at least one of subject's autokinetic movement, feeling or mood cerebral functional lateralitv, make by
Examination person's brain generates brain physiological signal, and the unit that induces includes at least one stimulation generation for inducing the cerebral functional lateralitv
Device；
Signal acquisition recording unit is set to subject's brain, the signal acquisition recording unit and the induction unit
It is connected by wirelessly or non-wirelessly mode, the signal acquisition recording unit includes incuding the physiological signal biography of the brain physiological signal
Sensor, be electrically connected with the physiological signal sensor for record acquire data front-end acquisition device, received from the front end
The microcontroller for the brain physiological signal that collector transmits out and be electrically connected with the microcontroller for signal output
Signal transmits communication module, and the microcontroller is also electrically connected sensor drive module, to drive the physiological signal to sense
Device acquires brain physiological signal；
Signal analysis and processing unit receives the brain physiological signal, carries out signal processing to the brain physiological signal and divides
Analysis, and export the quantification result that brain physiological signal responds most significant position (target spot)；
Information fusion unit is connect with the signal analysis and processing unit by wired or wireless way, the information
Integrated unit receives the quantification of the signal analysis and processing unit transmission as a result, by the quantification result and subject's brain
Image carries out image co-registration, and is exported by display module.
Preferably, wherein the signal acquisition recording unit is detection electrode.
Preferably, wherein the signal acquisition recording unit is to be connected with the multiconductor detection electrode of impulse generator.
Preferably, wherein the brain physiological signal includes brain deep local field potentials signal, single neuron nerve telecommunications
Number, brain tissue impedance signal and/or signal of brain's blood stream.
Preferably, wherein the brain physiological signal further includes and moves, feels or the related function Induction time of mood
Signal and position characteristic signal, frequency characteristic signal, distribution time signal and/or energy property signals.
In order to be described further to above system, this case additionally provide a kind of application above system to brain stimulation target spot into
The method of row detection and positioning, wherein
1) subject's brain is carried out obtaining image according to shadow, according to structural information in the image and preset
Target area sets first position, using 10mm above the first position or so place as the second position, under the first position
Square 5mm or so place is as the third place；Stimulus generator is set to the first position, the second position, the third place and second
Several positions between position and the third place, the stimulus generator induce the cerebral functional lateralitv at these positions；
2) corresponding with the stimulus generator, physiological signal sensor is set in subject's brain, is driven by sensor
Module drive, the physiological signal sensor is acquired subject's brain brain physiological signal, and is transmitted to front-end acquisition device
Data record is carried out, brain physiological signal is transmitted to microcontroller again by the front-end acquisition device, and the microcontroller is to brain physiology
Signal transmits communication module by signal after being handled and exports；
3) the brain physiological signal is analyzed, searches biomarker relevant to target spot cerebral functional lateralitv, is determined
Quantify coordinate；
4) the quantification coordinate and subject's brain phantom are subjected to image co-registration, and are exported by display module, it will
Brain physiological signal responds most significant position as finally determining target position.
Preferably, wherein several positions between the second position and the third place are the second position and third position
Set the point chosen at equal intervals on line.
Preferably, wherein brain deep physiological signal is motor function signal, sensory function signal and/or mood
Signal.
Preferably, wherein the microcontroller drives the front-end collection sensor to carry out signal by output unit
Acquire or control input or output that the signal transmission communication module carries out information.
The system and method that brain stimulation target spot is detected and positioned provided by this case can merge itself iconography
Information, with its own target spot positioning and quantitative information, personalized description implant electrode and target position.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: by the brain function activity such as electrode-induced movement, feeling, mood, while record comes from
The physiological signal in brain deep merges brain phantom and stereotaxis coordinate, realizes multi-modal, personalized, quantitative, accurate
Target spot positioning is navigated with electrode, also, the stimulator for inducing cerebral functional lateralitv is not directly contacted with any sterile equipment or facility.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the system and method medium and deep that brain stimulation target spot is detected and positioned described in one embodiment of the invention
The concept map of brain stimulation (DBS) system；
Fig. 2 is the system for the system and method that brain stimulation target spot is detected and positioned described in one embodiment of the invention
Structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is to select the stimulator for inducing corresponding cerebral functional lateralitv to select according to target spot function described in one embodiment of the invention
Item schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is being used for for the system and method that brain stimulation target spot is detected and positioned described in one embodiment of the invention
Induce the modular structure schematic diagram of brain function motor reaction；
Fig. 5 is described in one embodiment of the invention for inducing the modular structure schematic diagram of brain function sensory reaction；
Fig. 6 is described in one embodiment of the invention for inducing the modular structure schematic diagram of brain function emotional reactions；
Fig. 7 is described in one embodiment of the invention for acquiring the signal acquisition module system structure of brain deep physiological signal
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 8 is the stream of brain deep physiological signal analytical procedure and functional character extraction step described in one embodiment of the invention
Cheng Tu；
Fig. 9 is to judge implant electrode and target area position according to cerebral functional lateralitv feature described in one embodiment of the invention
The method flow diagram of relationship；
Figure 10 is described in one embodiment of the invention for dividing the specific cerebral functional lateralitv of target spot surrounding space determined
Cloth and image carry out the flow chart of multi-modal fusion；
Figure 11 (a) is functional localization brain function feature display interface schematic diagram described in one embodiment of the invention；
Figure 11 (b) is functional localization 3D graphic software platform interface schematic diagram described in one embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, to enable those skilled in the art referring to specification text
Word can be implemented accordingly.
As shown in Figure 1, being one embodiment of this case, figure label explanation: 1-1 is implantable stimulation electrode (left side), and 1-2 is to plant
Enter stimulating electrode contact (every electrode totally 4 contacts), 1-3 is implantation target area (nerve nucleus or function of organization region)；
1-4 is brain；Connecting wire of the 1-5 between implant electrode and implantable pulse generator (IPG)；1-6 is implanted pulse
Device provides suitable pulse electrical signal for electrode, issues electro photoluminescence by electrode contacts, acts on electrode contacts overlay area.
It is specifically presented below: brain stimulation target spot being detected and positioned using following steps:
1) brain is carried out obtaining image according to shadow, according in the image structural information and preset target area
Domain sets the first position of target spot；
2) using 10mm above the first position or so place as the second position of target spot, the first position lower section 5mm
The third place is used as at left and right；
3) multiconductor detection electrode is placed on first position, the second position, the third place and the second position and third position
Several positions between setting, induce the cerebral functional lateralitv at these positions, record and analyze corresponding with the cerebral functional lateralitv
Brain deep physiological signal；
Wherein, several positions between the second position and the third place is on the second positions and the third place line etc.
The point that interval is chosen；
Brain deep physiological signal further includes function Induction time signal related with move, feel, mood, Yi Jiwei
Set characteristic signals, frequency characteristic signal, distribution time signal and/or energy property signals.It is sent out by interception comprising baseline, function
Brain deep physiological signals raw, on function recession different time scales carry out feature extraction and signature analysis；
Further, brain deep physiological signal includes brain deep single neuron electric signal, local field potentials signal, brain
Deep impedance signal and/or signal of brain's blood stream；
4) biomarker relevant to target spot cerebral functional lateralitv is searched in the brain deep physiological signal that detection obtains；
The brain deep physiological signal containing relevant biomarkers be motor function signal, sensory function signal and/or
Mood signal.The brain deep physiological signal containing relevant biomarkers includes but is not limited to motor function, sensory function, feelings
Thread；
5) using position corresponding to the brain deep physiological signal for wherein containing relevant biomarkers as finally determining target
Point position, the target position are the strongest contact of physiological signal intensity in relevant biomarkers.
The detection electrode is connected with impulse generator, the impulse generator be imbedded at the setting detection electrode by
In person's body.
The present invention can also include following deformation, further include the characteristic value in the automatic detection maximum range of characteristic strength,
And carry out quantitative description.
The system and method for brain stimulation target spot being detected and being positioned provided by this case can with fusion evaluation information,
With its own target spot positioning and quantitative information, personalized description implant electrode and target position.
This method is divided into five module sections, and system structure diagram is as shown in Figure 2: inducing specific brain regions deep nerve core group
Or neuron colony generates specific cerebral functional lateralitv, brain deep physiological signal record, physiological signal and analyzes and sentence with cerebral functional lateralitv
Not, cerebral functional lateralitv merges with the information of itself current image and stereotaxis coordinate, shows current deep brain stimulation electrode
With the positional relationship of target spot.The system has the characteristics that suitable deep brain stimulation uses, the stimulation for inducing cerebral functional lateralitv
Device is not directly contacted with any sterile equipment or facility.The stimulator of contact is connected by the external connecting wire provided in suite of devices
It connects.
As shown in figure 3, the induction cerebral functional lateralitv part has and induces certainly according to the brain function characteristic of implantation target spot
Main motion, feeling, the function of at least one cerebral functional lateralitv of mood；The part includes at least one stimulation for inducing the state
Generator, stimulation include sonic stimulation, electro photoluminescence, picture visual stimulus；The part further includes that auxiliary completion is paleocinetic
Move handle.
The induced movement function includes the spontaneous well-regulated active movement of subject, has the active of extraneous prompt information to transport
The movement that dynamic and subject passively receives.When participating in all movements shown in Fig. 4 for subject, to marker motion
The movement handle and its link block structural schematic diagram at moment occurs.
The animal model of brain deep physiological signal and image information from human body or with identical function state.
This method is related to signal acquiring system, which includes at least one electrode or electrode contacts or biochemical signals inspection
Module is surveyed, and carries out at least one physiological signal record, and by the physiological signal collection and be uploaded to signal analysis
Processor, the signal acquisition logging modle schematic diagram are as shown in Figure 7.The detection electrode includes detection brain deep physiological signal
Front-end collection sensor, with the front-end collection sensor communication connection microcontroller and with the micro-controller communications connect
The signal transmission communication module connect.The microcontroller drives the front-end collection sensor to carry out signal and adopts by output unit
Collect or control input or output that the signal transmission communication module carries out information.
This method is related to the processor comprising algorithm routine, which can analyze collected physiological signal
It handles, and judges the cerebral functional lateralitv of signal record position neuromechanism according at least one analysis and processing result, will collect
Physiological signal to carry out signal analysis, the method flow diagram of cerebral functional lateralitv feature extraction as shown in Figure 8；Also, the processor
The stereotaxis for having stored the implantation target spot determined from my brain phantom and deep brain stimulation preplanning system is sat
Mark, the brain phantom indicate the shape of implantation target spot and position by other methods；The processor can be according to brain
It is relevant to current cerebral functional lateralitv to indicate at least one electrode or electrode contacts on imaged image for the power of functional status
The positional relationship of neuromechanism, the neuromechanism include the implantation target spot and its surrounding brain group that the preplanning system determines
It knits.
Further, implant electrode and target area positional relationship are judged according to cerebral functional lateralitv feature, sees Fig. 9；
Further, the specific cerebral functional lateralitv distribution of target spot surrounding space for will be determined carries out multi-modal with image
Fusion is shown in shown in Figure 10, Figure 11 (a) and Figure 11 (b).
It can for the physiological signal of the limitation and brain deep nerve core of the prior art and method group or neuron colony
The fact that react cerebral functional lateralitv, deep brain thorn a kind of based on cerebral functional lateralitv real-time detection the purpose of the present invention is realizing
Swash target spot positioning and electrode air navigation aid.
This method is divided into five module sections, and system structure diagram is as shown in Figure 2: inducing specific brain regions deep nerve core group
Or neuron colony generates specific cerebral functional lateralitv, brain deep physiological signal record, physiological signal and analyzes and sentence with cerebral functional lateralitv
Not, cerebral functional lateralitv merges with the information of current patents itself image and stereotaxis coordinate, shows current deep brain stimulation
The positional relationship of electrode and target spot.
The system has the characteristics that suitable deep brain stimulation uses, and the stimulator for inducing cerebral functional lateralitv does not connect directly
Touch any sterile equipment or facility.The stimulator of contact subject is connected by the external connecting wire provided in suite of devices.
As shown in figure 3, the induction cerebral functional lateralitv part has and induces certainly according to the brain function characteristic of implantation target spot
Main motion, feeling, the function of at least one cerebral functional lateralitv of mood；The part includes at least one stimulation for inducing the state
Generator, stimulation include sonic stimulation, electro photoluminescence, picture visual stimulus；The part further includes that auxiliary completion is paleocinetic
Move handle.
The physiological signal includes but is not limited to brain deep local field potentials signal, single neuron electroneurographic signal, brain group
Knit impedance signal, signal of brain's blood stream and other can react the physiological signal of cerebral functional lateralitv.Wherein:
The animal model of brain deep physiological signal and image information from human body or with identical function state.
This method is related to a kind of system, which includes at least one electrode or electrode contacts or biochemical signals detection mould
Block, and at least one physiological signal record is carried out, and by the physiological signal collection and be uploaded to signal analysis and processing
Device, the signal acquisition logging modle schematic diagram are as shown in Figure 7.
This method is related to a kind of processor comprising algorithm routine, which can carry out collected physiological signal
Analysis is handled, and the cerebral functional lateralitv of signal record position neuromechanism is judged according at least one analysis and processing result, will be adopted
It is as shown in Figure 8 that the physiological signal that collects carries out signal analysis, the method flow diagram of cerebral functional lateralitv feature extraction；Also,
The processor has stored brain phantom from sufferers themselves and deep brain stimulation preplanning system determines
It is implanted into the stereotaxis coordinate of target spot, the brain phantom marks the shape of implantation target spot and position by other methods
Show；Also,
The processor can indicate at least one electrode or electrode according to the power of cerebral functional lateralitv, on imaged image
The positional relationship of contact neuromechanism relevant to current cerebral functional lateralitv, the neuromechanism include the plant that planning system determines
Enter target spot and its surrouding brain tissue.
For the nervous activity feature of deep brain stimulation implantation target spot, induce corresponding cerebral functional lateralitv, at the same record and
Brain deep physiological signal is analyzed, extracts cerebral functional lateralitv feature, and lead using the electrode that cerebral functional lateralitv feature carries out quantification
Boat is positioned with target spot.
The characteristics of participating in special nervous activity using brain deep nerve region induces brain function relevant to target area function
It can state.
The cerebral functional lateralitv of the induction includes but is not limited to motor function, sensory function, mood etc..
The brain deep physiological signal includes brain deep single neuron electric signal, local field potentials signal, the resistance of brain deep
Antinoise signal, signal of brain's blood stream etc..
The extraction brain function characterization method can be directed to movement, feeling, mood etc. related function Induction time,
Interception occurs comprising baseline, function, the brain deep physiological signal on function recession different time scales carries out feature extraction and special
Sign analysis.
Using including but not limited to the functional localization feature in the multiple dimensioned meaning such as position, time, frequency, energy.
Described Analysis On Multi-scale Features range, including position characteristic, frequency characteristic, distribution time, energy response etc..By preceding
Phase preliminary experiment determines the feature of a variety of brain deeps physiological signal, including synchronization point different frequency, energy it is multiple
Relative value, and in multiple relative values of different moments, and the feature distribution on different location.
The characteristic value in the maximum multi-scale range of characteristic strength can be detected automatically, and carries out quantitative description.
Patient itself iconography information can be merged, with its own described target spot positioning and quantitative information, personalized is retouched
Implant electrode and target position are stated, the shortcomings that individual sex differernce can not be overcome using the method that model comparison is positioned is eliminated.
Can also by itself image three-dimensional stereo reconstruction, and according to functional localization information labeling implant electrode and target spot,
Position on topography.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
In specific details and legend shown and described herein.
Claims (3)
1. the system that a kind of pair of brain stimulation target spot is detected and positioned, including,
Unit is induced, is used to induce at least one of subject's autokinetic movement, feeling or mood cerebral functional lateralitv, makes subject
Brain generates brain physiological signal, and the induction unit includes at least one stimulus generator for inducing the cerebral functional lateralitv；
Signal acquisition recording unit, is set to subject's brain, and the signal acquisition recording unit passes through with the induction unit
Wirelessly or non-wirelessly mode connects, and the signal acquisition recording unit includes incuding the physiological signal sensing of the brain physiological signal
Device, the front-end acquisition device for recording acquisition data being electrically connected with the physiological signal sensor are adopted received from the front end
The microcontroller for the brain physiological signal that storage transmits out and the letter for signal output being electrically connected with the microcontroller
Number transmission communication module, the microcontroller is also electrically connected sensor drive module, to drive the physiological signal sensor
Acquire brain physiological signal；
Signal analysis and processing unit receives the brain physiological signal, carries out signal processing and analysis to the brain physiological signal, and
Export the quantification result that brain physiological signal responds most significant position (target spot)；
Information fusion unit is connect with the signal analysis and processing unit by wired or wireless way, the information fusion
Unit receives the quantification of the signal analysis and processing unit transmission as a result, by the quantification result and subject's brain phantom
Image co-registration is carried out, and is exported by display module；
The brain physiological signal includes brain deep local field potentials signal, single neuron electroneurographic signal, brain tissue impedance signal
And/or signal of brain's blood stream；
The brain physiological signal further includes and moves, feels or the related function Induction time signal of mood and position characteristic
Signal, frequency characteristic signal, distribution time signal and/or energy property signals.
2. the system according to claim 1 that brain stimulation target spot is detected and positioned, which is characterized in that the signal
Acquisition and recording unit is detection electrode.
3. the system according to claim 2 that brain stimulation target spot is detected and positioned, which is characterized in that the signal
Acquisition and recording unit is the multiconductor detection electrode for being connected with impulse generator.
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