CN105020985B - Heat-pump-type tail heat utilization penetrates adverse current fluidized dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat pump type tail heat utilization penetrating countercurrent fluidization dryer. The upper part of the drying tower is provided with a material-sealed screw feeder, and the bottom is provided with an air lock discharger. The upper part of the drying tower is connected with an induced draft fan, and the induced draft fan passes through The cyclone dust collector is connected to the evaporator of the heat pump system and then emptied; the evaporator of the heat pump system is connected to the host through the refrigerant pipe, and the host is connected to the condenser through the refrigerant pipe; the outlet end of the blower is connected to the lower part of the drying tower through the condenser; the impeller of the induced draft fan has The blade is a hollow wedge-shaped structure; the contour line of the induced draft fan is an involute. The present invention cleverly and perfectly realizes the penetration, countercurrent, boiling and fluidized drying of the material by setting the sieve hole cone cover, the sieve hole cone disc, the drop pipe, the telescopic vibration transmission shaft and the conical plug, completely surpassing The classic boiling countercurrent drying mode is adopted, which is more energy-saving, with higher drying quality and lower fan power consumption; the heat pump exhaust heat utilization is especially suitable for heat recovery with low exhaust gas temperature.

Description

Heat pump tail heat utilization penetrating countercurrent fluidized dryer

technical field

The invention relates to a dryer, in particular to a heat pump tail heat utilization penetrating countercurrent fluidization dryer in which a fan does not accumulate dust.

Background technique

People generally refer to drying with a drying temperature below 60 degrees Celsius as low-temperature drying. Low-temperature drying is widely used in the drying of heat-sensitive materials such as crop seeds, Chinese medicinal materials, and biological products. Due to its mature technology, strong adaptability, low operating cost and high reliability, hot air dryer is still one of the first choice equipment for low temperature drying. Low-temperature drying is less likely to utilize tail heat due to the lower temperature of exhaust gas. If the penetrating countercurrent fluidized drying of materials can be realized in the hot-air low-temperature drying process, and the tail heat can be effectively recovered, it will be of great significance for improving drying efficiency and realizing energy saving and emission reduction.

The induced draft fan is the key equipment of the hot air dryer. The induced draft fan is generally a centrifugal fan. The continuous, stable and reliable operation of the induced draft fan is very important for the dehumidification of the dryer. Because most of the occasions where the dryer is used contain a certain amount of dust, the induced When the fan is working, when the airflow passes through the high-speed rotating fan impeller, due to the centrifugal separation, the dust particles will separate from the airflow phase and deposit on the fan impeller.

Since the impeller speed of the induced draft fan is generally high, as long as there is a small amount of dust in the airflow, more dust will accumulate after a long time of work, thereby changing the balance of the impeller rotation of the induced draft fan. , it will accumulate more and gradually change the static and dynamic balance of the induced draft fan impeller, resulting in vibration. Once the partly hardened dust is shaken off, it will immediately leave the dynamic rotation balance of the induced draft fan, and then generate strong vibration, which may cause serious personnel and equipment safety accidents.

Therefore, if a centrifugal induced draft fan impeller can be designed so that it can be cleaned automatically, there is no need to worry about dust accumulation, which is of great significance for maintaining the stable and reliable operation of the induced draft fan and preventing safety accidents.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a heat pump exhaust heat utilization penetrating countercurrent fluidization dryer with a simple and practical structure that can automatically clean the dust on the impeller of the induced draft fan.

In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention takes the following technical solutions:

A heat pump type tail heat utilization penetrating countercurrent fluidization dryer, including a drying tower and an induced draft fan, characterized in that: the upper part of the drying tower is provided with a material-sealed screw feeder, and the bottom is provided with an air lock discharger; the upper part of the drying tower is Connect the induced draft fan, the induced draft fan is connected to the evaporator of the heat pump system through the cyclone dust collector and then evacuated; the evaporator of the heat pump system is connected to the host through the refrigerant pipe, and the host is connected to the condenser through the refrigerant pipe; the outlet end of the blower is connected to the lower part of the drying tower through the condenser The induced draft fan includes a fan impeller and a casing, and the fan impeller includes an impeller back plate, an impeller panel and blades, and the blades are arranged in a hollow wedge shape that is radial to the impeller axis and symmetrical to the center; the hollow wedge-shaped blades are connected to the impeller panel and welded to the impeller back plate It forms the main body of the impeller; the impeller panel is provided with an air inlet, the impeller back plate is fixed by rivets and connected to the shaft seat, and the shaft seat is connected with the fan shaft through the shaft hole; the casing is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the outline of the casing is Involute, the center of the involute circle coincides with the axis of the fan, the involute starts from the inside of the air outlet of the casing, the radius of the line increases gradually with the involute circle, and ends outside the air outlet of the casing, the air outlet of the casing The width is equal to the circumference of the involute; the air inlet of the casing is provided with a cover plate, and the air inlet is also provided on the cover plate to facilitate the connection of the pipeline, and the axis coincides with the axis of the impeller.

The top of the drying tower is equipped with a hydraulic expander connected to the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft runs through the tower body and can be driven up and down by the hydraulic expander, and the transmission shaft is provided with a vibration source to transmit vibration; the drying tower is equipped with a plurality of sieve hole cone covers. The layered repeating structure composed of sieve hole cone disc, and there is a certain gap between the cone disc and the cone cover, and they are fixed on the tower wall through elastic connection; There are a plurality of tapered plugs, the tapered plug can close the feeding pipe upwards, and the feeding pipe can be opened by closing the shaft sleeve downwards.

The casing is fixed on the base. The casing acts as a seal, and the intake air at the air inlet obtains kinetic energy through the rotation of the impeller, and the energy is converted in the casing, and a part of the kinetic energy is converted into the static pressure energy of the gas, so that the output airflow has a velocity dynamic pressure head and a static pressure head , the sum of the two is the total pressure of the fan.

The air inlet of the casing can be connected to the air duct as required, and the cover plate of the air inlet is detachable, and is connected to the casing by bolts. The volute-shaped involute profile of the casing meets the needs of airtight fan casing and efficient energy conversion while transporting gas. , so that the output airflow can reach the required flow rate and full pressure.

The casing air inlet cover plate is fixedly connected to the casing by bolts and can be disassembled.

When the equipment is working, the material to be dried enters the cone plate on the upper part of the drying tower from the material-sealed screw feeder. At this time, the hydraulic expansion device drives the transmission shaft to press the conical plug upward to close the discharge pipe. After starting the vibration source, the material in the cone will concentrate to the middle drop tube due to vibration, and the cone cover will not be affected at this time.

When the hydraulic expander drives the drive shaft downward, the tapered plug will press down on the shaft sleeve and open the discharge tube, and the material will fall on the lower cone cover through the discharge tube. Then start the vibration source, the material on the cone cover will disperse to the edge due to the vibration, and enter the lower cone plate through the gap between the cone cover and the cone plate, and the cone plate will not be affected at this time.

The up and down expansion and contraction of the hydraulic expansion device and the start and stop of the vibration source can make the material repeatedly concentrate, diffuse and fall on the screen hole cone cover and the screen hole cone disc, so that the material can move downward gradually in a fluidized state, which is the same as that from the bottom to the bottom. The hot air on the top realizes the hot air penetrating countercurrent fluidized drying, which makes the drying efficiency extremely high and the energy consumption extremely low. The dried materials are output through the discharge machine of the air locker at the bottom of the tower.

The induced draft fan introduces the wet and hot tail gas cyclone to the fin evaporator to complete the tail heat utilization. After the heat pump host works, the refrigerant is transported through the refrigerant pipe to release heat in the fin condenser, and the air blown by the blower exchanges heat on the fin condenser. After the temperature rises, it enters the lower part of the drying tower, and realizes hot air penetrating countercurrent fluidized drying with the fluidized materials that gradually fall.

When the induced draft fan impeller of the present invention is used, because the blade is designed to be hollow wedge-shaped, and the blade shaft is symmetrical to the center of the radial direction, when rotating at high speed, the surface of the blade has a centrifugal self-cleaning effect under the centrifugal force, so that the dust cannot be attached due to the centrifugal force. It will not affect the dynamic and static balance of the impeller, and will not accumulate dust; this technical scheme of the blade structure is especially suitable for the wide-impeller induced draft fan with a large air flow.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention also lies in:

By setting the sieve hole cone cover, the sieve hole cone disc, the drop tube, the telescopic vibration transmission shaft and the cone plug, the penetration, countercurrent, boiling and fluidized drying of the material are skillfully and perfectly realized, completely surpassing the classic The boiling countercurrent drying mode is more energy-saving, with higher drying quality and lower fan power consumption; the heat pump exhaust heat utilization is suitable for heat recovery with low exhaust gas temperature, which is particularly efficient and convenient.

The blades are designed to be hollow wedge-shaped, and the blade axis is radially and center-symmetrical, so that the fan backboard and panel connected to it can resist relative torsion and have strong extrusion rigidity, which can prevent the fan blade from being broken at the root of the fan blade connection backplane caused by long-term use.

The blade is designed as a hollow wedge, and the blade axis is symmetrical to the radial center. Even if the fan impeller is made of thinner plates, it can obtain higher strength, ensure stable and reliable use, save materials, facilitate production, and benefit equipment. of lightness.

The invention cleverly designs the blade of the induced draft fan into a hollow wedge shape, and the radial center of the blade axis is symmetrical, which realizes the real-time cleaning of the dust on the blade, prolongs the service life of the equipment and can effectively prevent safety accidents caused by dust accumulation. The application prospect broad.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the plane structure schematic diagram of the present invention

Fig. 2 is a schematic plan view of the impeller of the induced draft fan.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an induced draft fan impeller.

Fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of the induced draft fan.

Each label in the figure means:

A. Induced fan; 1. Drying tower; 2. Transmission shaft; 3. Hydraulic expander; 4. Sealing screw feeder; 5. Vibration source; 6. Blanking pipe; 7. Tapered plug; 8. Screen Hole cone; 9. Shaft sleeve; 10. Sieve cone cover; 11. Shutter discharger; 21. Cyclone dust collector; 22. Evaporator; 23. Exhaust pipe; 24. Refrigerant pipe; 25. Heat pump Main engine; 26, condenser; 27, blower; 31, wedge-shaped blade; 32, outer circle of impeller; 33, air inlet of impeller; 34, shaft seat; 35, rivet; 36, shaft hole; 37, back plate of impeller; 38, Impeller panel; 41, impeller; 42, casing air inlet; 43, involute circle; 44, frame; 45, casing; 46, casing air inlet cover; 47, casing air outlet; B, machine Shell air outlet width.

detailed description

Now in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, the heat pump tail heat utilization penetrating countercurrent fluidized dryer includes a drying tower 1 and an induced draft fan A. The upper part of the drying tower is provided with a material-sealed screw feeder 4, and the bottom is provided. There is an air lock discharge machine 11; the upper part of the drying tower is connected to the induced draft fan A, and the induced draft fan A is connected to the evaporator 22 of the heat pump system through the cyclone dust collector 21 and then emptied; the evaporator 22 of the heat pump system is connected to the main machine 25 through the refrigerant pipe 24, The main engine 25 is connected to the condenser 26 through the refrigerant pipe 24; the gas outlet end of the blower 27 is connected to the lower part of the drying tower through the condenser 26; 38 and blades 31, the blades 31 are arranged in a hollow wedge shape that is radial to the impeller shaft and symmetrical to the center; the hollow wedge blades 31 are connected to the impeller panel 38 and welded with the impeller back plate 37 to form the main body of the impeller; the impeller panel 38 is provided with an air inlet 33, an impeller back The plate 37 is fixed and connected to the shaft seat 34 by the rivet 35, and the shaft seat 34 is connected with the fan shaft through the shaft hole 36; The center of the opening circle coincides with the axis of the fan. The involute starts from the inner side of the air outlet 47 of the casing. The radius of the line increases gradually with the involute circle and ends outside the air outlet 47 of the casing. The width B of the air outlet of the casing is equal to The perimeter of the involute circle 43; the air inlet 42 of the casing is provided with a cover plate 46, and the air inlet is also arranged on the cover plate to facilitate the connection of the pipeline, and the axis coincides with the axis of the impeller.

The top of the drying tower 1 is provided with a hydraulic expansion device 3 connected to the transmission shaft 2, the transmission shaft 2 runs through the tower body and can be driven up and down by the hydraulic expansion device 3, and the transmission shaft 2 is provided with a vibration source 5 to transmit vibration; There are a plurality of layered repeating structures composed of sieve hole cone covers 10 and sieve hole cone plates 8, and there is a certain gap between the cone plate 8 and the cone cover 10, and they are all fixed on the tower wall through elastic connections; the cone plate 8 and the The cone cover 10 is respectively connected to the blanking tube 6 and the shaft sleeve 9. There are multiple conical plugs 7 on the transmission shaft 2. The conical plugs 7 can close the blanking tube 6 upwards and close the shaft sleeve 9 downwards to open the blanking tube. 6.

The casing 45 is fixed on the base 44 . The casing 45 acts as a seal, and the air inlet 42 obtains kinetic energy through the rotation of the impeller 41, and the energy is converted in the casing 45, and a part of the kinetic energy is converted into the static pressure energy of the gas, so that the output airflow has a velocity and a dynamic pressure head. There is a static pressure head, and the sum of the two is the total pressure of the fan.

The air inlet 42 of the casing can be connected to the air duct as required. The air inlet cover 46 is detachable and connected to the casing 45 by bolts. The volute-shaped involute profile of the casing 45 satisfies the airtightness of the fan casing and realizes energy delivery at the same time. The need for high-efficiency conversion enables the output airflow to reach the required flow and full pressure.

The casing air inlet cover plate 46 is fixedly connected to the casing 15 by bolts, and can be disassembled.

When the equipment is working, the material to be dried enters the cone plate 8 on the upper part of the drying tower 1 from the material seal screw feeder 4. At this time, the hydraulic expansion device 3 drives the transmission shaft 2 to press the conical plug 7 upward to close the discharge pipe 6. . After the vibration source 5 is started, the material in the cone disc 8 will concentrate to the middle drop pipe 6 due to vibration, and the cone cover 10 will not be affected at this time.

When the hydraulic expansion device 3 drives the transmission shaft 2 downwards, the conical plug 7 will press down on the shaft sleeve 9 and open the drop tube 6 , at this moment, the material will fall on the lower conical cover 10 through the drop tube 6 . Start the vibration source 5 again, and the material on the cone cover 10 will disperse and move to the edge due to the vibration, and enter the lower cone plate 8 through the gap between the cone cover and the cone plate, and the cone plate 8 will not be affected at this time.

The up and down stretching of the hydraulic expander 3 and the start and stop of the vibration source 5 can make the material repeatedly concentrate, diffuse and fall on the screen hole cone cover 10 and the screen hole cone plate 8, and make the material fluidize and gradually move downward. , and hot air from bottom to top to achieve hot air penetrating countercurrent fluidized drying, so that the drying efficiency is extremely high and the energy consumption is extremely low. The dried materials are output through the discharge machine 11 of the air locker at the bottom of the tower.

The induced draft fan A introduces the wet and hot tail air cyclone to the finned evaporator 22 to complete tail heat utilization. After the heat pump host 25 works, the refrigerant is transported through the refrigerant pipe 24 to release heat in the finned condenser 26. The air blown by the blower 27 is in the finned After exchanging heat on the sheet condenser 26 and raising the temperature, it enters the lower part of the drying tower 1, and realizes hot air penetrating countercurrent fluidized drying with the fluidized materials that gradually fall.

When the induced draft fan impeller of the present invention is used, because the blade is designed to be hollow wedge-shaped, and the blade shaft is symmetrical to the center of the radial direction, when rotating at high speed, the surface of the blade has a centrifugal self-cleaning effect under the centrifugal force, so that the dust cannot be attached due to the centrifugal force. It will not affect the dynamic and static balance of the impeller, and will not accumulate dust; this technical scheme of the blade structure is especially suitable for the wide-impeller induced draft fan with a large air flow.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention in any form. Any person familiar with the art, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, can use the technical content disclosed above to make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into an equivalent implementation of equivalent changes example. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of heat-pump-type tail heat utilization penetrates adverse current fluidized dryer, including drying tower and air-introduced machine, it is characterised in that：Dry Tower top is provided with material envelope feed screw, and bottom is provided with wind stopping device discharging machine；Drying tower top connects air-introduced machine, and air-introduced machine is through rotation Emptied after the evaporator of wind deduster connection heat pump；The evaporator of heat pump connects main frame through refrigerant pipe, and main frame is through cold Matchmaker's pipe connects condenser；The condensed device connection drying tower bottom in outlet side of air blower；The air-introduced machine include draught fan impeller and Casing, draught fan impeller include impeller backboard, impeller panel and blade, and blade arrangement is into impeller Axial and radial, centrosymmetric hollow Wedge shape；Hollow wedge blade connects impeller panel and is welded to form impeller bodies with impeller backboard；Impeller panel be provided with air inlet, Impeller backboard is fixed by rivet and connection shaft seat, axle bed are connected by axis hole and fan shaft；Casing is provided with air intake Mouthful and air outlet, cabinet form contour line be involute, the round heart of involute and blower fan axis coinciding, involute is from casing air-out Intraoral side starts, and line radius is gradually increased with involute circle, terminates to shell air outlet outside, shell air outlet width is equal to Involute circumference；Shell air inlet is provided with cover plate, also has air inlet to be easy to connecting pipe, and axle center and impeller axle center on cover plate Overlap；Hydraulically extensible device connection power transmission shaft is provided with the top of the drying tower, power transmission shaft runs through tower body and can be by hydraulically extensible device Lower driving, power transmission shaft vibrate provided with vibration source transmission；It is made up of in drying tower body provided with multiple sieve aperture cone lid, sieve aperture cone disk Stratiform repetitive structure, and have certain interval between cone disk, cone lid and be all fixed on by elastic connection in tower wall；Bore disk and cone lid point Not Lian Jie material blanking tube and axle sleeve, have multiple conical plugs on power transmission shaft, conical plug can close material blanking tube upwards, down against axle sleeve energy Open material blanking tube.

2. the heat utilization of heat-pump-type tail penetrates adverse current fluidized dryer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The casing is consolidated It is scheduled on support.

3. heat-pump-type tail heat utilization according to claim 1 or claim 2 penetrates adverse current fluidized dryer, it is characterised in that：The machine Shell air intake velar plate is bolted to connection casing, and can dismantle.