CN105018180B - Light low taste sulfide modifier fatty acid additive of boracic and nitrogen and preparation method thereof simultaneously - Google Patents
Light low taste sulfide modifier fatty acid additive of boracic and nitrogen and preparation method thereof simultaneously Download PDFInfo
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- CN105018180B CN105018180B CN201510197366.7A CN201510197366A CN105018180B CN 105018180 B CN105018180 B CN 105018180B CN 201510197366 A CN201510197366 A CN 201510197366A CN 105018180 B CN105018180 B CN 105018180B
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Abstract
The light low taste sulfide modifier fatty acid additive of boracic and nitrogen simultaneously, it is characterized in that：The chemical structural formula of the additive is：Wherein R1、R2For aliphatic acidResidue.The additive is of light color, smell is low, can be well soluble in the good vegetable oil of biological degradability, is a kind of green additive.Compared with traditional sulfurized fatty acid additive, the additive has more preferable wear-resistant, antifriction and load-carrying properties, it was demonstrated that after adding boron element and nitrogen in the molecule, improves the tribological property of additive.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to lube oil additive organic compound technical field, more particularly, to a kind of while boracic and nitrogen
Low taste sulfide modifier fatty acid additive of light color and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Lubricating oil is used in all kinds automobile, in plant equipment to reduce the liquid of friction, protection machinery and workpiece
Or semisolid lubricants, mainly play lubrication, cooling, antirust, cleaning, sealing and buffering etc..Lubricating oil is typically by base oil
Formed with additive two parts.Base oil is the main component of lubricating oil, decides the fundamental property of lubricating oil, and additive then may be used
The deficiency of base oil aspect of performance is made up and improved, assigns some new performances, is the important component of lubricating oil.
Lube base oil mainly divides mineral base oil, synthetic base oil and biological basis oil three major types.Mineral base
Oil is widely used, and dosage is very big (about more than 95%), but some application scenarios must then use synthetic base oil and biological oil base
The product of plinth oil allotment, the energy and environment are the two large problems of global facing, and green waves are just impacting the whole world, green profit
Lubrication prescription is the development trend of 21 century lubricant.Traditional mineral oil based lubricating oil biological degradability is poor, and environmental pollution is serious.
Vegetable oil is nontoxic and has good biodegradable, and oily lubricating oil is expected to turn into environment-friendly profit based on vegetable oil
The main flow of lubrication prescription.
Lube oil additive concept is the one or more of compounds added in lubricant, so as to obtain certain new for lubricant
Characteristic or improve lubricant in some existing characteristics.Additive is the marrow of modern age senior lubricant, correct from reasonable
Add, its physicochemical properties can be improved, new property is assigned to lubricating oil, or strengthen certain property that its original has
Can, meet higher requirement.According to the quality and performance of lubricating oil requirements, to the meticulous selection of additive, carefully balance, is closed
Reason allotment, it is the key for ensureing quality of lubrication oil.
Additive mainly has antioxidant, antiwear additive, friction modifier (also known as oiliness improver), extreme pressure to add by function point
The types such as agent, detersive, dispersant, foam in hibitors, corrosion prevention rust preventer, flow point improver, viscosity index improver.
Sulphur system additive is using earliest and best effect lubricating oil EP agent, and there is good extreme pressure to resist
Effect is ground, and kind is more, mainly includes：Olefine sulfide class, vulcanization grease, monothioester, xanthate, aminodithioformic acid
Salt and sulfonate etc..But the active sulfur in traditional sulphur system additive is higher to the corrosivity of friction pair material, according to data
Introduce, the metal material that the whole world there are about 1/3rd every year is consumed in oxide etch and mechanical wear, and this respect loss in China's is every
Up to 180,000,000,000 yuan of year, therefore the use on this material is limited, in addition, traditional sulphur system additive was not only " dirty " but also smelly,
Have a negative impact to environmental protection, limit the exploitation of high-grade oils.
The content of the invention
In order to solve problem present in background technology, the invention provides a kind of light low taste containing boron and nitrogen simultaneously
Sulfide modifier fatty acid additive, the additive have good oil-soluble in vegetable oil.The additive is of light color, smell
Low, compared to traditional sulfurized fatty acid additive, the additive has more preferable wear-resistant, antifriction and load-carrying properties.In addition, should
Although the sulfur content of additive is higher, the boron and nitrogen that are introduced in molecule have sheltered corruption of the active sulfur to friction pair material
Erosion, therefore corrosivity and selectivity is not present to friction pair material in the additive.
In order to realize the goal of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：The light low taste sulphur of boracic and nitrogen simultaneously
Change modified fat acid additive, it is characterized in that：The chemical structural formula of the additive is：
Wherein R1、R2For aliphatic acidIt is residual
Base.
A kind of preparation method of the light low taste sulfide modifier fatty acid additive of while boracic and nitrogen, its synthesis step
For：
A. aliphatic acid is added into four-hole bottle, 90~100 DEG C is warming up under nitrogen protection, adds diethanol amine, be warming up to 140
~150 DEG C of reaction a few hours, diethanol amine and a small amount of potassium hydroxide solid are added after being cooled to 90~100 DEG C, fat is produced after reaction
The aminolysis product of fat acid, its structural formula are：Wherein
For aliphatic acid；
B. add boric acid into step A reaction systems, stirring reaction at 90~110 DEG C, depressurize water removal every 30min and promote
Reaction is carried out, and transparent to reaction system, reaction terminates, and obtains the borate of the aminolysis product of aliphatic acid, and its structural formula isWhereinFor aliphatic acid；
C. step B reaction system is put into frozen water to mix in bath, sulfur monochloride, controlling reaction temperature is slowly added dropwise
Crude product is reduced less than 40 DEG C, then with reduced iron powder, filters liquid separation, produces the end-product light low taste of boracic and nitrogen simultaneously
Sulfide modifier aliphatic acid, its structural formulaWherein R1、R2For aliphatic acidResidue.
The ratio between aliphatic acid and the amount of material of diethanol amine total amount that adds twice are 1 in step A:1~1.1.
The ratio between amount of material of the aminolysis product of aliphatic acid and boric acid is in step B：1:0.5~0.6.
The ratio between amount of material of the borate of the aminolysis product of aliphatic acid and sulfur monochloride is 1 in step C:1~1.1.
The light low taste sulfide modifier aliphatic acid of this kind of boracic and nitrogen is added in vegetable oil, the addition as lubricating oil
The application of agent.The addition that the light low taste sulfide modifier aliphatic acid of boracic and nitrogen is added in vegetable oil is mass fraction 1%
~5%.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the present invention has the advantages that：
1st, the additive is of light color, smell is low, can be well soluble in the good vegetable oil of biological degradability, is a kind of green
The additive that colour circle is protected.
2nd, compared with traditional sulfurized fatty acid additive, the additive has more preferable wear-resistant, antifriction and load-carrying properties,
Prove after adding boron element and nitrogen in the molecule, improve the tribological property of additive.
3rd, compared to traditional sulfide aliphatic acid, the additive inhibits corrosion of the active sulfur to copper sheet, to friction pair material
Selectivity and corrosivity is not present in material, can be used under more working conditions.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the wear scar diameter of product III and the formation testing of product I with the variation relation figure of addition.
Fig. 2 is the variation relation figure of product III and the friction coefficient addition of the formation testing of product I.
Fig. 3 is thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) figure of product II in a nitrogen atmosphere.
In figure：1st, the change curve of product III；2nd, the change curve of product I.
Embodiment
Explanation that can be detailed by the following examples is of the invention, and the open purpose of the present invention is intended to protect model of the present invention
Enclose all interior technological improvements.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment one
A adds 0.30mol castor oil acids into four-hole bottle, is warming up to 90~100 DEG C under nitrogen protection, adds 0.15mol
Diethanol amine, is warming up to 140~150 DEG C of reaction a few hours, and 0.15mol diethanol amine is added after being cooled to 90~100 DEG C and is lacked
Potassium hydroxide solid is measured, the aminolysis product of castor oil acid is produced after reaction a few hours；
B adds 0.15mol boric acid into step a reaction systems, stirring reaction at 90~110 DEG C, is removed every 30min decompressions
Water promotes reaction to carry out, until reaction system is transparent, reaction terminates, and obtains the borate of castor oil acid aminolysis product；
Step b reaction system is put into frozen water and mixed in bath by c, and 0.30mol sulfur monochlorides, control reaction temperature is slowly added dropwise
Degree is less than 40 DEG C, and 50mL sodium polysulfide solutions are slowly added dropwise into mixture, after stirring reaction is abundant, branch vibration layer, add
A small amount of reduced iron powder, light amber oil liquid is obtained after filtering, as the sulfurized castor oil of boracic and nitrogen is sour simultaneously for end-product, note
For product I.
Embodiment two
A adds 0.30mol oleic acid into four-hole bottle, is warming up to 90~100 DEG C under nitrogen protection, adds 0.165mol diethyls
Hydramine, 140~150 DEG C of reaction a few hours are warming up to, 0.165mol diethanol amine and a small amount of hydrogen are added after being cooled to 90~100 DEG C
Potassium oxide solid, the aminolysis product of oleic acid is produced after reaction a few hours；
B adds 0.18mol boric acid into step a reaction systems, stirring reaction at 90~110 DEG C, is removed every 30min decompressions
Water promotes reaction to carry out, until reaction system is transparent, reaction terminates, and obtains the borate of oleic acid aminolysis product；
Step b reaction system is put into frozen water and mixed in bath by c, and 0.33mol sulfur monochlorides, control reaction temperature is slowly added dropwise
Degree is less than 40 DEG C, and 50mL sodium polysulfide solutions are slowly added dropwise into mixture, after stirring reaction is abundant, branch vibration layer, add
A small amount of reduced iron powder, light amber oil liquid, as the vulcanization oleic acid of end-product while boracic and nitrogen are obtained after filtering, is designated as producing
Thing II.
Comparative example：
Sulfurized castor oil acid, its synthesis step are：
A loads 0.25mol castor oil acid into there-necked flask, there-necked flask is put into mixture of ice and water, into there-necked flask
0.25mol sulfur monochloride is slowly dropped into, and controlling reaction temperature is less than 40 DEG C, product is removed after stirring reaction 4h；
40mL sodium polysulfide solutions are slowly added dropwise into product by b, after stirring reaction is abundant, branch vibration layer, add a small amount of
Reduced iron powder, light amber oil liquid, as sulfurized castor oil acid are obtained after filtering, is designated as product III.
Application examples experiment is done to product I, product II, product III respectively, its experimentation and result are as follows：
Color determination experiment：
The color number of two embodiments and comparative example product is determined according to GB/T 6540-86 method.Colorimetric is injected into formation testing
In pipe, open standard sources, rotation standard colour disk rotates handwheel, while from observation eyepiece from compare, with equal color number
Color number as the sample.If sample color can not find the color of exact match, and falls and then reported between two Standard Colors
Accuse a color higher in two colors.Through measuring, the color number of three products of embodiment and comparative example is consistent, is
Less than 5.
Oil-soluble is tested：
Base oil is from the rapeseed oil that biological degradability is good, eco-toxicity is low.It will be obtained by two embodiments and comparative example
Three products, each product made an addition in rapeseed oil with mass fraction 1.0%, 2.0%, 2.5% respectively, and stirring makes its molten
Solution, place more than 6 months at room temperature, oil product keeps clear, and no precipitation, lamination occur, and maintain good dissolving
Property and stability, possess the primary condition as lube oil additive.
Tribological property is tested：
Three products that will be obtained by embodiment and comparative example, each product respectively with mass fraction 0.5%, 1.0%,
1.5%th, 2.0%, 2.5% make an addition in rapeseed oil, with four ball frictional testing machines, (Jinan testing machine factory produces load-carrying properties
MQ-12-EP types) test, frictional wear experiment wearing resistance test machine (MRS-1J of Jinan testing machine factory production when mechanical long
Type) on carry out.Experimental result is as shown in table 1.
The P of 1 three kinds of product additive Different adding amounts in rapeseed oil of tableBAnd PDValue
As it can be seen from table 1 three products can greatly improve the seizure-resistant load P of base oilBValue and anti-sintering load PD
Value, but product I and the increase rate of the formation testing of product II are much larger than the increase rate of the formation testing of product III.When the addition of additive is
When 2.5%, the P of the formation testing of product IIIBValue and PDIt is worth for 935N and 2646N, be respectively increased 46.8% compared to both base oils,
68.8%；The P of the formation testing of product IBValue and PDValue is respectively 1203N and 4348N, is respectively increased compared to both base oils
88.9%th, 177.3%；The P of the formation testing of product IIBValue and PDValue is respectively 1196N and 4339N, is carried respectively compared to both base oils
It is high by 87.8%, 176.7%.By data above it is recognised that the carrying of two kinds of sulfide modifier aliphatic acid of boracic and nitrogen simultaneously
Performance is better than sulfide aliphatic acid.
Under conditions of load 392N, steel ball surface wear scar diameter and the friction coefficient product III and product I are in rapeseed oil
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are shown in the change of middle addition.It will be seen from figure 1 that two kinds of products can reduce the wear scar diameter of formation testing, i.e., all
The abrasion resistance of formation testing can be improved；But the wear scar diameter value of the formation testing of product I is less than the formation testing of product III, it was demonstrated that at the same boracic and
The abrasion resistance of the sulfide modifier aliphatic acid of nitrogen is better than sulfide aliphatic acid.Figure it is seen that with wear scar diameter graph of a relation class
Seemingly, add product III and the coefficient of friction of the formation testing of product I reduces with the increase of additive concentration, wherein addition product I
The coefficient of friction of formation testing is lower, i.e., product I has more obvious antifriction performance.
In summary, three products of embodiment and comparative example all have preferable extreme-pressure anti-wear and antifriction ability, also,
The tribology various aspects of performance of product I and II is significantly better than product III, it was demonstrated that in sulfurized fatty acid molecule simultaneously introduce boron and
Two kinds of elements of nitrogen, the tribological property of sulfurized fatty acid additive can be significantly improved.
Corrosion resistance is tested：
Copper corrosion experiment is carried out by ASTM D130 standard methods：By product I, product II, product III respectively with quality point
The addition of number 2.0% is added in rapeseed oil, and sample oil is made.The copper sheet that one piece has been polished has hooked immersion dish with glass
In seed oil and sample oil, experimental temperature is 121 DEG C, experimental period 3h.Experiment terminate after, take out copper sheet, through solvent (ethanol-
Benzene, 1:4) dried after cleaning, observe copper sheet color, and compared with ASTM Corrosion standards colour tables, to determine copper corrosion level
Not.Experimental result is as shown in table 2.
The copper corrosion performance test result of 2 three kinds of formation testings of table
As can be seen from Table 2, the sample oil for adding product III has obvious corrosiveness to copper sheet, is 3b grades；And add
The corrosion class for adding the formation testing of product I and product II is 1b, copper corrosion is acted on very weak.Because product III vulcanizes castor
Active sulfur content is higher in sesame oil acid, therefore copper corrosion is larger, and the formation testing of product I and product II, and boron is introduced into molecule
After two kinds of elements of nitrogen, the corrosiveness to copper sheet of active sulfur is inhibited well, it is believed that its corrosivity to oil product
Can be without influence.
Heat endurance is tested：
The heat endurance of additive is investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fig. 3 is the thermogravimetric in a nitrogen atmosphere point of product II
Analyse spectrogram.From figure 3, it can be seen that the first decomposition temperature of product II is 297 DEG C, the second decomposition temperature is 369 DEG C, and it is showed
Go out excellent heat endurance, disclosure satisfy that the requirement of the operating mode of higher temperature.
Part not in the detailed description of the invention is prior art.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of preparation method of the light low taste sulfide modifier fatty acid additive of while boracic and nitrogen, its synthesis step are：
A. aliphatic acid is added into reaction vessel bottle, 90~100 DEG C is warming up under nitrogen protection, adds diethanol amine, be warming up to
140~150 DEG C of reactions, add diethanol amine and potassium hydroxide solid, aliphatic acid are produced after reaction after being cooled to 90~100 DEG C
Aminolysis product, its structural formula are：Wherein
For aliphatic acid；
B. add boric acid into step A reaction systems, stirring reaction at 90~110 DEG C, depressurize and remove water every 30min, to reacting
System is transparent, and reaction terminates, and obtains the borate of the aminolysis product of aliphatic acid, and its structural formula is：
WhereinFor
Aliphatic acid；
C. step B reaction system being put into frozen water to mix in bath, sulfur monochloride is added dropwise, controlling reaction temperature is less than 40 DEG C, to
Sodium polysulfide solution is added dropwise in mixture, after stirring, branch vibration layer, then crude product is reduced with reduced iron powder, liquid separation is filtered, is produced
The light low taste sulfide modifier aliphatic acid of end-product while boracic and nitrogen, its structural formula：
Wherein R1、R2For
Aliphatic acidResidue.
2. the preparation method of the light low taste sulfide modifier fatty acid additive of boracic and nitrogen simultaneously as claimed in claim 1,
Its synthesis step is：The ratio between aliphatic acid and the amount of material of diethanol amine total amount that adds twice are 1 in step A:(1~1.1).
3. the preparation method of the light low taste sulfide modifier fatty acid additive of boracic and nitrogen simultaneously as claimed in claim 1,
Its synthesis step is：The ratio between amount of material of the aminolysis product of aliphatic acid and boric acid is in step B：1:(0.5~0.6).
4. the preparation method of the light low taste sulfide modifier fatty acid additive of boracic and nitrogen simultaneously as claimed in claim 1,
Its synthesis step is：The ratio between amount of material of the borate of the aminolysis product of aliphatic acid and sulfur monochloride is 1 in step C:(1~
1.1)。
5. the preparation method of the light low taste sulfide modifier fatty acid additive of boracic and nitrogen simultaneously as claimed in claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Boracic and the light low taste sulfide modifier aliphatic acid of nitrogen prepared by the preparation method is added in vegetable oil, is made
For the application of the additive of lubricating oil.
6. the preparation method of the light low taste sulfide modifier fatty acid additive of boracic and nitrogen simultaneously as claimed in claim 5,
It is characterized in that：The addition that the light low taste sulfide modifier aliphatic acid of boracic and nitrogen is added in vegetable oil is mass fraction 1%
~5%.
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 环保型油酸二乙醇酰胺硼酸酯制备及其在切削液中的防腐抗锈性能研究;袁昊;《上海第二工业大学学报》;20050331(第1期);54-56 * |
| 系列新型有机硼酸酯添加的摩擦学性能及机理研究;王永刚;《中国博士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技I辑》;中国学术期刊（光盘版）电子杂志社;20110415(第4期);摘要第II页，说明书第6, 58-69页 * |
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