CN105004198A - Water type circulating water-air cooling system and method - Google Patents
Water type circulating water-air cooling system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种水型闭式循环水空气冷却系统及方法，反应装置经过循环水泵与双曲线冷却塔塔底的冷却扇区(连接，冷却扇区另一端分别连通塔底铝镁复合翅片和塔内铝镁复合翅片，塔底的冷却扇区出水口通过换向阀其中一个连接混水罐的入水口，另一个连接热泵的蒸发器入水口，热泵的蒸发器出水口连接混水罐，最后混水罐连通至反应装置；本发明循环水采用两级冷却技术，双曲线塔空气冷却为一级冷却，冷却温度T2受季节和环境气温影响大；二级冷却为热泵做功冷却，可以根据环境气温的变化，开闭或调节热泵压缩机功率，从而将循环水回水温度调节到反应装置指定的温度。
A water-type closed-type circulating water-air cooling system and method, the reaction device passes through the circulating water pump and the cooling sector (connection) at the bottom of the hyperbolic cooling tower, and the other end of the cooling sector is respectively connected to the aluminum-magnesium composite fins at the bottom of the tower and the inner cooling tower. Aluminum-magnesium composite fins, the outlet of the cooling sector at the bottom of the tower is connected to the water inlet of the mixing tank through the reversing valve, one of which is connected to the water inlet of the evaporator of the heat pump, and the water outlet of the evaporator of the heat pump is connected to the water mixing tank. The water mixing tank is connected to the reaction device; the circulating water of the present invention adopts two-stage cooling technology, and the air cooling of the hyperbolic tower is the first-stage cooling, and the cooling temperature T2 is greatly affected by the season and the ambient temperature; the second-stage cooling is heat pump cooling, which can be cooled according to the environment When the air temperature changes, turn on or off or adjust the power of the heat pump compressor, so as to adjust the return water temperature of the circulating water to the temperature specified by the reaction device.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及循环水冷却处理系统，特别涉及一种用于热电和化工行业的带有铝镁复合翅片型空气散热器的水型闭式循环水空气冷却系统及方法，亦可用于冶金、建材、焦化、电力等行业的工业循环水冷却过程。 The invention relates to a circulating water cooling treatment system, in particular to a water-type closed circulating water-air cooling system and method with an aluminum-magnesium composite fin-type air radiator used in thermoelectric and chemical industries, and can also be used in metallurgy and building materials , coking, electric power and other industries of industrial circulating water cooling process.
背景技术 Background technique
热电和化工企业在生产工艺过程中将产生大量的热，其中部分的热通过工业循环水冷却系统排放，循环冷却水是一项常见且很重要的公用工程系统，其具有系统复杂、用户多、水量大等特点。相应的循环冷却水系统的能耗非常高，其用水量约占企业总用水量的85％～92％，用电负荷约占企业总用电量的20％-30％。故对热电和化工企业中循环水系统进行节能优化，其效果对企业的节能影响非常大。 Thermal power and chemical enterprises will generate a large amount of heat during the production process, part of which is discharged through the industrial circulating water cooling system. Circulating cooling water is a common and very important public engineering system, which has complex systems, many users, Features such as large amount of water. The energy consumption of the corresponding circulating cooling water system is very high, and its water consumption accounts for about 85%-92% of the total water consumption of the enterprise, and the electricity load accounts for about 20%-30% of the total electricity consumption of the enterprise. Therefore, energy-saving optimization of circulating water systems in thermoelectric and chemical enterprises will have a great impact on the energy-saving of enterprises.
目前大多数热电和化工企业的循环水系统都是以工业水为介质，在冷却塔的顶部设有轴流风机及双曲线风筒，在轴流风扇螺旋桨旋转的作用下空气由下而上通过冷却塔，与热水喷头喷淋的水经过蜂窝状填料的均匀分布接触进行换热，同时部分水分蒸发吸收汽化热，部分以小液滴的形式随风飘散，其余循环水在冷却后流到底部的集水槽中，从而循环水得到冷却，这种冷却系统存在水消耗量大的问题。由于水分蒸发，水中溶解的固形物浓缩，水的硬度增加，会对设备产生腐蚀和结垢，因此循环水系统要不断的补充新水，排出一部分循环水， 这部分排掉的循环水无法充分利用，也造成了水资源的巨大浪费。 At present, the circulating water system of most thermal power and chemical enterprises uses industrial water as the medium. An axial flow fan and a hyperbolic air duct are installed on the top of the cooling tower. Under the action of the rotation of the axial flow fan propeller, the air passes from bottom to top. In the cooling tower, the water sprayed by the hot water nozzle passes through the evenly distributed contact of the honeycomb filler to exchange heat. At the same time, part of the water evaporates and absorbs the heat of vaporization, and part of it drifts with the wind in the form of small droplets. In the sump at the top, the circulating water is cooled. This cooling system has the problem of large water consumption. Due to the evaporation of water, the dissolved solids in the water are concentrated, and the hardness of the water increases, which will cause corrosion and scaling of the equipment. Therefore, the circulating water system must continuously replenish new water and discharge part of the circulating water. This part of the discharged circulating water cannot be fully Utilization has also caused a huge waste of water resources.
另外其循环水是开式循环的，因此在此过程中空气中的灰尘进入循环水中，易造成循环水的污染，冷却后的循环水还需要加药、沉淀、排污，不仅造成了水资源的浪费，还需要耗费药品和电能。 In addition, the circulating water is an open cycle, so the dust in the air enters the circulating water during this process, which may easily cause the pollution of the circulating water. Waste, also need to consume medicine and electric energy.
综上所述，目前热电和化工行业所使用的是一种敞开式循环水冷却系统，敞开式系统是指循环冷却水与空气直接接触冷却的系统，循环回水在开式冷却塔内与空气直接接触来进行换热，降低温度。开式冷却塔的降温主要由水的蒸发冷却实现，其冷却过程需要大量水汽的蒸发，耗水量非常大，又因为与空气直接接触，导致系统水质较差，排污量增大，相应的补水量也很大，因此在我国西北等缺水地区湿式循环水冷却系统的应用受到限制。 To sum up, the thermal power and chemical industries currently use an open circulating water cooling system. The open system refers to a system in which the circulating cooling water and the air are in direct contact with the cooling system. The circulating return water is mixed with the air in the open cooling tower. Direct contact to exchange heat and lower the temperature. The cooling of the open cooling tower is mainly realized by the evaporative cooling of water. The cooling process requires the evaporation of a large amount of water vapor, and the water consumption is very large. Because of the direct contact with the air, the water quality of the system is poor, the sewage discharge is increased, and the corresponding water replenishment It is also very large, so the application of wet circulating water cooling systems in water-scarce areas such as Northwest my country is limited.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
为了克服上述现有技术的缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种水型闭式循环水空气冷却系统及方法，是一种循环量在10000至90000吨/小时的，用于热电或化工行业的带有铝镁复合翅片型空气散热器的节水型闭式循环水空气冷却系统和方法，采用闭式二级冷却，减少热电和化工企业的耗水量80％以上，减少蒸汽的排放，减少环境污染，降低设备腐蚀；同时，通过第二级冷却的使用，增大冷却温度范围，循环水回水温度能够精确控制，且不受环境气温的影响。 In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a water-type closed circulation water-air cooling system and method, which is a cooling system with a circulation rate of 10,000 to 90,000 tons per hour, which is used in thermoelectric or chemical industries. A water-saving closed-loop water-air cooling system and method with an aluminum-magnesium composite fin-type air radiator adopts closed-type secondary cooling to reduce water consumption by more than 80% in thermal power and chemical enterprises, reduce steam emissions, and reduce Environmental pollution, reducing equipment corrosion; at the same time, through the use of the second-level cooling, the cooling temperature range is increased, and the return water temperature of the circulating water can be precisely controlled without being affected by the ambient temperature.
为了达到上述目的，本发明的技术方案为： In order to achieve the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
一种水型闭式循环水空气冷却系统，包括反应装置10，反应装置10的出水口经过循环水泵3与双曲线冷却塔1塔底的冷却扇区16入水口相连接，冷却扇区16入水口另一端分别连通塔底铝镁复合翅 片2和塔内铝镁复合翅片11，塔底的冷却扇区16出水口通过换向阀6以及混水罐8连通至反应装置10的回水口，构成整个反应装置循环水回路9。 A water-type closed circulating water-air cooling system, including a reaction device 10, the water outlet of the reaction device 10 is connected to the water inlet of the cooling sector 16 at the bottom of the hyperbolic cooling tower 1 through the circulating water pump 3, and the cooling sector 16 enters The other end of the water port is respectively connected to the aluminum-magnesium composite fins 2 at the bottom of the tower and the aluminum-magnesium composite fins 11 inside the tower, and the water outlet of the cooling sector 16 at the bottom of the tower is connected to the water return port of the reaction device 10 through the reversing valve 6 and the water mixing tank 8 , constituting the whole reaction device circulating water loop 9.
所述的换向阀6有两个出水口，其中一个连接混水罐8的入水口，另一个连接热泵7的蒸发器入水口，热泵7的蒸发器出水口连接混水罐8，混水罐8的出水口连接反应装置10的回水口；所述的热泵7冷凝器的出水口连接至冷却扇区16的入水口，冷却扇区16的出水口连接至热泵7冷凝器的入水口，构成一个热泵7冷却的热泵循环水回路5。 The reversing valve 6 has two water outlets, one of which is connected to the water inlet of the water mixing tank 8, and the other is connected to the water inlet of the evaporator of the heat pump 7, and the water outlet of the evaporator of the heat pump 7 is connected to the water mixing tank 8, and the water is mixed The water outlet of the tank 8 is connected to the water return port of the reaction device 10; the water outlet of the heat pump 7 condenser is connected to the water inlet of the cooling sector 16, and the water outlet of the cooling sector 16 is connected to the water inlet of the heat pump 7 condenser, A heat pump circulating water loop 5 cooled by a heat pump 7 is formed.
所述的双曲线冷却塔1包括塔内铝镁复合翅片散热器11在塔内多层水平排列，塔内铝镁复合翅片散热器11上部安装有射流风机22，所述的塔底铝镁复合翅片2以圆周竖直排列在冷却塔底部，二者均由以60°夹角组成一个底部向外的“V”型冷却三角，冷却三角向外一边安装百叶窗12，在每一个冷却三角中，设置有喷淋装置15，冷却三角顺序排列组成冷却扇区16，塔内铝镁复合翅片散热器11和塔底铝镁复合翅片散热器2均由多个冷却扇区16组成，每两个相邻的冷却扇区之间有冷却扇区连接阀4和冷却扇区循环水泵14，并且所有冷却扇区16分为两部分，分别用于反应装置循环水回路9和热泵循环水回路5的空气冷却。 The hyperbolic cooling tower 1 includes aluminum-magnesium composite fin radiators 11 arranged horizontally in multiple layers in the tower, and a jet fan 22 is installed on the upper part of the aluminum-magnesium composite fin radiators 11 in the tower. Magnesium composite fins 2 are arranged vertically at the bottom of the cooling tower in a circular manner, both of which form a "V"-shaped cooling triangle with the bottom facing outward at an angle of 60°, and louvers 12 are installed on the outward side of the cooling triangle, and each cooling In the triangle, there is a spray device 15, and the cooling triangle is arranged in order to form a cooling sector 16. The aluminum-magnesium composite fin radiator 11 in the tower and the aluminum-magnesium composite fin radiator 2 at the bottom of the tower are both composed of multiple cooling sectors 16. , there are cooling sector connection valves 4 and cooling sector circulating water pumps 14 between every two adjacent cooling sectors, and all cooling sectors 16 are divided into two parts, which are respectively used for the reaction device circulating water loop 9 and the heat pump cycle Air cooling of the water circuit 5.
一种水型闭式循环水空气冷却方法，包括以下步骤： A water-type closed circulation water-air cooling method, comprising the following steps:
步骤一、工业热水从反应装置10排出后，由循环水泵3增压打入塔内铝镁复合翅片散热器11的第一冷却扇区回路进行初步冷却，同时起到加热塔内空气作用，增加塔内空气热动力，增快空气流速； Step 1. After the industrial hot water is discharged from the reaction device 10, it is pressurized by the circulating water pump 3 and injected into the first cooling sector circuit of the aluminum-magnesium composite fin radiator 11 in the tower for preliminary cooling, and at the same time plays the role of heating the air in the tower , increase the thermal power of the air in the tower, and increase the air velocity;
步骤二、循环水从塔内铝镁复合翅片散热器11进入塔底铝镁复合翅片散热器2的第一冷却扇区回路，进行进一步空气冷却，冷却后的水温度为T2，根据T2和环境气温的变化，实施控制； Step 2: The circulating water enters the first cooling sector circuit of the aluminum-magnesium composite finned radiator 2 at the bottom of the tower from the aluminum-magnesium composite finned radiator 11 in the tower for further air cooling. The temperature of the cooled water is T2, according to T2 and environmental temperature changes, implement control;
步骤三、若T2低于热泵启停临界温度PT，循环水冷却温度已经满足反应装置10回水温度需求，则保持散热器百叶窗12的开闭程度，喷淋装置15关闭，热泵7停机，循环水通过回水总管主路直接回至反应装置10，完成一次冷却循环； Step 3. If T2 is lower than the critical temperature PT for starting and stopping the heat pump, and the cooling temperature of the circulating water has met the temperature requirement of the return water of the reaction device 10, then keep the opening and closing degree of the radiator shutter 12, close the spray device 15, stop the heat pump 7, and circulate The water is directly returned to the reaction device 10 through the main road of the return water main pipe, and a cooling cycle is completed;
步骤四、若T2高于热泵启停临界温度PT，并且温差在0.5范围内，通过增大散热器百叶窗12的开闭程度，调节循环水温度，循环水仍由回水总管主路直接回至反应装置10，完成一次冷却循环；若T2高于热泵启停临界温度PT，并且温差在0.5-1范围，此时将散热器百叶窗12开至最大，同时打开喷淋装置15，调节循环水温度，循环水仍由回水总管主路直接回至反应装置10，完成一次冷却循环；若T2高于热泵启停临界温度PT，并且温差超过1，此时调节百叶窗12开闭程度，关闭喷淋装置15，调节回水总管换向阀6，启动热泵7，经过热泵做功冷却和混水罐8混水后，将循环水冷却至反应装置10要求的回水温度，循环水由回水总管辅路回至反应装置10，完成一次冷却循环； Step 4. If T2 is higher than the critical temperature PT for starting and stopping the heat pump, and the temperature difference is within 0.5, adjust the temperature of the circulating water by increasing the opening and closing degree of the radiator shutter 12, and the circulating water is still directly returned to the main circuit of the return water main pipe. The reaction device 10 completes a cooling cycle; if T2 is higher than the heat pump start-stop critical temperature PT, and the temperature difference is in the range of 0.5-1, at this time, the radiator shutter 12 is opened to the maximum, and the spray device 15 is turned on at the same time to adjust the temperature of the circulating water , the circulating water is still directly returned to the reaction device 10 from the main return water main road to complete a cooling cycle; if T2 is higher than the critical temperature PT for starting and stopping the heat pump, and the temperature difference exceeds 1, adjust the opening and closing degree of the shutter 12 at this time, and turn off the spraying Device 15, adjust the reversing valve 6 of the return water main pipe, start the heat pump 7, and cool the circulating water to the return water temperature required by the reaction device 10 after the heat pump works to cool and mix the water in the water mixing tank 8, and the circulating water is supplemented by the return water main pipe Get back to reaction unit 10, complete a cooling cycle;
步骤五、在热泵7启动时，热泵将冷凝器侧交换出来的热量加热了另一个循环回路中的冷却水，此部分冷却水与冷却塔中的部分冷却扇区组成第二循环回路5，由自然风进行封闭式空气冷却。 Step 5. When the heat pump 7 is started, the heat pump heats the cooling water in another circulation loop with the heat exchanged from the condenser side. This part of the cooling water and part of the cooling sector in the cooling tower form the second circulation loop 5. Enclosed air cooling by natural wind.
本发明采用闭式二级冷却，其中一级冷却由双曲线冷却塔1和塔内铝镁复合翅片散热器11、塔底铝镁复合翅片2两层铝镁复合翅片 组成，反应装置10排出的热水通过循环水泵升压后，首先依次进入双曲线冷却塔塔内翅片散热器11和塔底翅片散热器2组成的冷却扇区，循环水和自然风进行热量交换，此为一级冷却。 The present invention adopts closed secondary cooling, wherein the primary cooling is composed of a hyperbolic cooling tower 1, an aluminum-magnesium composite fin radiator 11 in the tower, and two layers of aluminum-magnesium composite fins at the bottom of the tower. The reaction device 10. After the hot water discharged from 10 is boosted by the circulating water pump, it first enters the cooling sector composed of the finned radiator 11 inside the hyperbolic cooling tower and the finned radiator 2 at the bottom of the tower, and the circulating water and natural wind perform heat exchange. For primary cooling.
另一级冷却系统为：由于一级冷却温度受环境温度影响较大，无法保证满足反应装置循环水回水的冷却温度要求，循环水从双曲线冷却塔1出来后，(1)如果冷却温度满足要求，直接由循环主路回至反应装置10，完成循环；(2)如果冷却温度不能满足要求，则通过换向阀6，通过循环辅路进入工业热泵7进行二级冷却，通过在混水罐8混水后，将循环水精确冷却至反应装置回水温度要求，并回至反应装置10，完成循环。 The other cooling system is as follows: since the primary cooling temperature is greatly affected by the ambient temperature, it cannot be guaranteed to meet the cooling temperature requirements of the circulating water return water of the reaction device. After the circulating water comes out of the hyperbolic cooling tower 1, (1) if the cooling temperature meet the requirements, directly return to the reaction device 10 from the circulation main road, and complete the cycle; (2) if the cooling temperature cannot meet the requirements, then pass through the reversing valve 6, enter the industrial heat pump 7 through the circulation auxiliary road for secondary cooling, and pass through the mixed water After the tank 8 is mixed with water, the circulating water is accurately cooled to the temperature requirement of the return water of the reaction device, and returned to the reaction device 10 to complete the cycle.
同时工业热泵7将冷凝器侧交换出来的热量加热了另一个循环回路5中的冷却水，此部分冷却水与冷却塔中的部分冷却扇区组成循环回路，由自然风进行封闭式空气冷却。 At the same time, the industrial heat pump 7 heats the cooling water in another circulation loop 5 with the heat exchanged from the condenser side. This part of the cooling water and part of the cooling sector in the cooling tower form a circulation loop, and the closed air cooling is carried out by natural wind.
因此本系统有两个独立的冷却水循环回路5和9，进行反复循环。该系统两个回路采用封闭式循环，能够极大的减少热电厂和化工厂水资源的消耗；冷却扇区可以灵活串联，能够满足不同循环量需求；通过两级冷却，增大了冷却温度范围，并且循环水回水温度不受环境气温的影响。 Therefore, the system has two independent cooling water circulation loops 5 and 9 for repeated circulation. The two loops of the system adopt closed circulation, which can greatly reduce the consumption of water resources in thermal power plants and chemical plants; the cooling sectors can be flexibly connected in series to meet the needs of different circulation volumes; through two-stage cooling, the cooling temperature range is increased, And the return water temperature of the circulating water is not affected by the ambient air temperature.
本系统有如下特点和优点： This system has the following characteristics and advantages:
(1)循环水采用两级冷却技术，双曲线塔空气冷却为一级冷却，冷却温度T2受季节和环境气温影响大；二级冷却为热泵做功冷却，可以根据环境气温的变化，开闭或调节热泵压缩机功率，从而将循环水回水温度调节到反应装置指定的温度。 (1) The circulating water adopts two-stage cooling technology. The air cooling of the hyperbolic tower is the first-stage cooling, and the cooling temperature T2 is greatly affected by the season and the ambient temperature; the second-stage cooling is heat pump cooling, which can be opened or closed according to the change of the ambient temperature. Adjust the power of the heat pump compressor to adjust the return temperature of the circulating water to the temperature specified by the reaction device.
(2)二级冷却中热泵冷凝器侧的循环水利用双曲线塔扇区进行空气冷却，通过选取合适的双曲线塔扇区个数，达到热泵回水温度的空气冷却。 (2) The circulating water on the condenser side of the heat pump in the secondary cooling is air-cooled by the sectors of the hyperbolic tower. By selecting the appropriate number of sectors of the hyperbolic tower, the air cooling at the return water temperature of the heat pump can be achieved.
(3)双曲线冷却塔分为多个冷却扇区，可以通过调节冷却扇区连接阀4的开闭和冷却扇区循环水泵13出水连接，达到调节“反应装置循环水回路”和“热泵循环水回路”两个回路的空冷散热面积的功能。 (3) The hyperbolic cooling tower is divided into multiple cooling sectors, which can be adjusted by adjusting the opening and closing of the cooling sector connection valve 4 and the water outlet connection of the cooling sector circulating water pump 13 to adjust the "reaction device circulating water loop" and the "heat pump cycle". The function of the air cooling heat dissipation area of the two circuits of the "water circuit".
(4)本系统能够将循环水回水温度冷却至低于环境温度，比现有冷却装置冷却温度范围大，并能使最终冷却温度精确控制。 (4) The system can cool the return temperature of the circulating water to lower than the ambient temperature, which has a wider cooling temperature range than the existing cooling device, and can precisely control the final cooling temperature.
(5)双曲线冷却塔的冷却三角内，设置有百叶窗和喷雾冷却装置，作为辅助措施，组合开启能够增加空冷效果，从而避免在临界温度时制冷机组频繁启停，减轻热泵的工作负荷，节省了电能。 (5) In the cooling triangle of the hyperbolic cooling tower, there are louvers and spray cooling devices. As an auxiliary measure, the combined opening can increase the air cooling effect, thereby avoiding the frequent start and stop of the refrigeration unit at the critical temperature, reducing the workload of the heat pump and saving electricity.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是本发明的结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
图2是双曲线冷却塔1的示意图，其中图2A是主视图，图2B是塔内底部仰视图。 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the hyperbolic cooling tower 1, wherein Fig. 2A is a front view, and Fig. 2B is a bottom view of the tower inner bottom.
图3为本发明的冷却控制流程。 Fig. 3 is the cooling control process of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明做详细叙述。 The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
参照图1，一种水型闭式循环水空气冷却系统，包括反应装置10，反应装置10的出水口经过循环水泵3与双曲线冷却塔1塔底的冷却扇区16入水口相连接，冷却扇区16入水口另一端分别连通塔底铝镁复合翅片2和塔内铝镁复合翅片11，塔底的冷却扇区16出水口通过换向阀6以及混水罐8连通至反应装置10的回水口，构成整个反应 装置循环水回路9。 With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of water-type closed circulation water-air cooling system comprises reaction device 10, and the water outlet of reaction device 10 is connected with the water inlet of cooling sector 16 at the bottom of hyperbolic cooling tower 1 tower through circulating water pump 3, cooling The other end of the water inlet of the sector 16 is respectively connected to the aluminum-magnesium composite fin 2 at the bottom of the tower and the aluminum-magnesium composite fin 11 inside the tower, and the water outlet of the cooling sector 16 at the bottom of the tower is connected to the reaction device through the reversing valve 6 and the mixing tank 8 The water return port of 10 constitutes the whole reaction device circulating water loop 9.
参照图1，所述的换向阀6有两个出水口，其中一个连接混水罐8的入水口，另一个连接热泵7的蒸发器入水口，热泵7的蒸发器出水口连接混水罐8，混水罐8的出水口连接反应装置10的回水口热泵7做功后，其冷凝器侧循环水温度升高，也需要冷却。所述的热泵7冷凝器的出水口连接至冷却扇区16的入水口，经过在冷却扇区内空气冷却，冷却扇区16的出水口连接至热泵7冷凝器的入水口，构成一个热泵7冷却的热泵循环水回路5。 Referring to Fig. 1, the reversing valve 6 has two water outlets, one of which is connected to the water inlet of the water mixing tank 8, the other is connected to the water inlet of the evaporator of the heat pump 7, and the water outlet of the evaporator of the heat pump 7 is connected to the water mixing tank 8. After the water outlet of the water mixing tank 8 is connected to the water return port of the reaction device 10, after the heat pump 7 does work, the temperature of the circulating water on the condenser side rises and cooling is also required. The water outlet of the heat pump 7 condenser is connected to the water inlet of the cooling sector 16, after air cooling in the cooling sector, the water outlet of the cooling sector 16 is connected to the water inlet of the heat pump 7 condenser, forming a heat pump 7 Cooled heat pump circulating water loop 5.
参照图2，所述的双曲线冷却塔1包括塔内铝镁复合翅片散热器11在塔内多层水平排列，塔内铝镁复合翅片散热器11上部安装有射流风机22，所述的塔底铝镁复合翅片2以圆周竖直排列在冷却塔底部，二者均由以60°夹角组成一个底部向外的“V”型冷却三角，冷却三角向外一边安装百叶窗12，控制进风量，在冬季低气温季节关闭百叶窗12，保护散热器2，在每一个冷却三角中，设置有喷淋装置15，在环境气温很高时作为辅助冷却措施。冷却三角顺序排列组成冷却扇区16，塔内铝镁复合翅片散热器11和塔底铝镁复合翅片散热器2均由多个冷却扇区16组成，每两个相邻的冷却扇区之间有冷却扇区连接阀4和冷却扇区循环水泵14，通过此二装置的开闭可以将多个冷却扇区串联进一个循环回路中，从而使整个双曲线冷却塔1的铝镁复合翅片散热器形成两个独立的循环回路，并且所有冷却扇区16分为两部分，分别用于反应装置循环水回路9和热泵循环水回路5的空气冷却。 With reference to Fig. 2, described hyperbolic cooling tower 1 comprises aluminum-magnesium composite finned radiator 11 in the tower and is arranged horizontally in multiple layers in the tower, and jet fan 22 is installed on the upper part of aluminum-magnesium composite finned radiator 11 in the tower, and described The aluminum-magnesium composite fins 2 at the bottom of the tower are vertically arranged at the bottom of the cooling tower, and both of them form a "V"-shaped cooling triangle with the bottom facing outward at an angle of 60°, and louvers 12 are installed on the outward side of the cooling triangle. Control the air intake, close the louvers 12 in the low temperature season in winter, and protect the radiator 2. In each cooling triangle, a sprinkler 15 is arranged to serve as an auxiliary cooling measure when the ambient temperature is high. The cooling triangles are arranged in order to form a cooling sector 16. The aluminum-magnesium composite fin radiator 11 in the tower and the aluminum-magnesium composite fin radiator 2 at the bottom of the tower are both composed of multiple cooling sectors 16. Every two adjacent cooling sectors There is a cooling sector connection valve 4 and a cooling sector circulating water pump 14 between them. Through the opening and closing of these two devices, multiple cooling sectors can be connected in series into a circulation loop, so that the aluminum-magnesium composite of the entire hyperbolic cooling tower 1 The fin radiators form two independent circulation loops, and all the cooling sectors 16 are divided into two parts, which are respectively used for air cooling of the circulating water loop 9 of the reaction device and the circulating water loop 5 of the heat pump.
其中铝镁复合翅片空气散热器是由外表面经过防腐处理的圆形铝 镁合金管、套以铝镁合金翅片的管束组成，具有优异的导热性。系统中为中性冷却水。 Among them, the aluminum-magnesium composite fin air radiator is composed of a round aluminum-magnesium alloy tube with anti-corrosion treatment on the outer surface and a tube bundle covered with aluminum-magnesium alloy fins, which has excellent thermal conductivity. The system is neutral cooling water.
参照图3，一种水型闭式循环水空气冷却方法，包括以下步骤： With reference to Fig. 3, a kind of water type closed loop water air cooling method comprises the following steps:
步骤一、工业热水从反应装置10排出后，由循环水泵3增压打入塔内铝镁复合翅片散热器11的第一冷却扇区回路进行初步冷却，同时起到加热塔内空气作用，增加塔内空气热动力，增快空气流速； Step 1. After the industrial hot water is discharged from the reaction device 10, it is pressurized by the circulating water pump 3 and injected into the first cooling sector circuit of the aluminum-magnesium composite fin radiator 11 in the tower for preliminary cooling, and at the same time plays the role of heating the air in the tower , increase the thermal power of the air in the tower, and increase the air velocity;
步骤二、循环水从塔内铝镁复合翅片散热器11进入塔底铝镁复合翅片散热器2的第一冷却扇区回路，进行进一步空气冷却，冷却后的水温度为T2，根据T2和环境气温的变化，实施控制； Step 2: The circulating water enters the first cooling sector circuit of the aluminum-magnesium composite finned radiator 2 at the bottom of the tower from the aluminum-magnesium composite finned radiator 11 in the tower for further air cooling. The temperature of the cooled water is T2, according to T2 and environmental temperature changes, implement control;
步骤三、若T2低于热泵启停临界温度PT，循环水冷却温度已经满足反应装置10回水温度需求，则保持散热器百叶窗12的开闭程度，喷淋装置15关闭，热泵7停机，循环水通过回水总管主路直接回至反应装置10，完成一次冷却循环； Step 3. If T2 is lower than the critical temperature PT for starting and stopping the heat pump, and the cooling temperature of the circulating water has met the temperature requirement of the return water of the reaction device 10, then keep the opening and closing degree of the radiator shutter 12, close the spray device 15, stop the heat pump 7, and circulate The water is directly returned to the reaction device 10 through the main road of the return water main pipe, and a cooling cycle is completed;
步骤四、若T2高于热泵启停临界温度PT，并且温差在0.5范围内，通过增大散热器百叶窗12的开闭程度，调节循环水温度，循环水仍由回水总管主路直接回至反应装置10，完成一次冷却循环；若T2高于热泵启停临界温度PT，并且温差在0.5-1范围，此时将散热器百叶窗12开至最大，同时打开喷淋装置15，调节循环水温度，循环水仍由回水总管主路直接回至反应装置10，完成一次冷却循环；若T2高于热泵启停临界温度PT，并且温差超过1，此时调节百叶窗12开闭程度，关闭喷淋装置15，调节回水总管换向阀6，启动热泵7，经过热泵做功冷却和混水罐8混水后，将循环水冷却至反应装置10要求的回水温度，循环水由回水总管辅路回至反应装置10，完成一 次冷却循环； Step 4. If T2 is higher than the critical temperature PT for starting and stopping the heat pump, and the temperature difference is within 0.5, adjust the temperature of the circulating water by increasing the opening and closing degree of the radiator shutter 12, and the circulating water is still directly returned to the main circuit of the return water main pipe. The reaction device 10 completes a cooling cycle; if T2 is higher than the heat pump start-stop critical temperature PT, and the temperature difference is in the range of 0.5-1, at this time, the radiator shutter 12 is opened to the maximum, and the spray device 15 is turned on at the same time to adjust the temperature of the circulating water , the circulating water is still directly returned to the reaction device 10 from the main return water main road to complete a cooling cycle; if T2 is higher than the critical temperature PT for starting and stopping the heat pump, and the temperature difference exceeds 1, adjust the opening and closing degree of the shutter 12 at this time, and turn off the spraying Device 15, adjust the reversing valve 6 of the return water main pipe, start the heat pump 7, and cool the circulating water to the return water temperature required by the reaction device 10 after the heat pump works to cool and mix the water in the water mixing tank 8, and the circulating water is supplemented by the return water main pipe Get back to reaction unit 10, complete a cooling cycle;
步骤五、在热泵7启动时，热泵将冷凝器侧交换出来的热量加热了另一个循环回路中的冷却水，此部分冷却水与冷却塔中的部分冷却扇区组成第二循环回路5，由自然风进行封闭式空气冷却。 Step 5. When the heat pump 7 is started, the heat pump heats the cooling water in another circulation loop with the heat exchanged from the condenser side. This part of the cooling water and part of the cooling sector in the cooling tower form the second circulation loop 5. Enclosed air cooling by natural wind.
本发明的运行方式是： The mode of operation of the present invention is:
(1)在夏季高温季节，工业循环水首先在双曲线冷却塔1冷却降温，然后根据设定的控制规则和环境气温的变化，分别控制散热器百叶窗12的开闭程度、喷淋装置15的开闭、热泵7的启停等，实现不同的冷却模式，从而实现不同环境气温下循环水回水温度的精确控制。可提供温度较低的工业循环水，满足生产工艺的需要。 (1) In the summer high temperature season, the industrial circulating water is firstly cooled in the hyperbolic cooling tower 1, and then the opening and closing degree of the radiator shutter 12 and the spraying device 15 are respectively controlled according to the set control rules and the change of the ambient temperature. Switching on and off, starting and stopping of the heat pump 7, etc., realize different cooling modes, thereby realizing precise control of the temperature of the circulating water return water under different ambient temperatures. It can provide industrial circulating water with lower temperature to meet the needs of production process.
(2)在环境温度较低时，工业循环水仅在双曲线冷却塔1冷却降温，同时通过控制铝镁复合翅片散热器百叶窗12的开闭程度作为辅助手段，使回水温度冷却到指定温度，此时工业热泵7停止运行，达到降低能耗的目的。 (2) When the ambient temperature is low, the industrial circulating water is only cooled in the hyperbolic cooling tower 1, and at the same time, by controlling the opening and closing of the aluminum-magnesium composite fin radiator louvers 12 as an auxiliary means, the return water temperature is cooled to the specified temperature, at this time the industrial heat pump 7 stops running to achieve the purpose of reducing energy consumption.
本发明的特点：(1)、本发明可用于热电行业和化工行业35-80摄氏度循环水的冷却；(2)、本发明采用二级冷却技术，包括间接空气冷却和热泵做功冷却，其中热泵机组处于辅助地位；(3)、双曲线冷却塔布置两层铝镁复合翅片散热器，第一层在塔内水平排列，第二层在双曲线塔底按圆周竖直排列。第一层用于循环水的初步冷却，并利用循环水的高温提升双曲线塔内空气的流速。高温循环水经过第一层散热器初步冷却后，进入塔底圆周的第二层散热器，完成空气冷却部分；(4)、本发明主要冷却功能由两级冷却完成，即间接空气冷却和热泵做功冷却；辅助冷却措施有喷淋和百叶窗开闭调节，能够实现循 环水冷却的自动调节，能够使循环水回水温度不受环境气温的影响；(5)、第一层和第二层铝镁复合翅片散热器均分为多个冷却扇区，能够满足两个循环回路的循环水冷却。用于不同循环回路的冷却三角呈间隔布置；(6)、两个循环回路均匀布置；(7)、双曲线塔内设置射流风机22，提高塔内空气动力，增加一级冷却效果；(8)、在热泵机组后设置混水罐，通过PID自动控制，实现回水温度的准确控制；(9)、翅片散热器采用铝镁合金，铝镁合金材料比重轻，约为铜、铁三分之一，导热性为铁的3倍，耐蚀性优，加工型好、挤压性好，能够挤压出满足散热器辐射性高、对流性好的型材。 Features of the present invention: (1), the present invention can be used for the cooling of 35-80 degrees Celsius circulating water in the thermoelectric industry and chemical industry; (2), the present invention adopts secondary cooling technology, including indirect air cooling and heat pump cooling, wherein the heat pump The unit is in an auxiliary position; (3) Two layers of aluminum-magnesium composite fin radiators are arranged in the hyperbolic cooling tower, the first layer is arranged horizontally in the tower, and the second layer is arranged vertically in a circle at the bottom of the hyperbolic tower. The first layer is used for preliminary cooling of the circulating water, and uses the high temperature of the circulating water to increase the flow rate of the air in the hyperbolic tower. After the high-temperature circulating water is initially cooled by the first-layer radiator, it enters the second-layer radiator around the bottom of the tower to complete the air cooling part; (4), the main cooling function of the present invention is completed by two-stage cooling, that is, indirect air cooling and heat pump Working cooling; auxiliary cooling measures include spraying and louver opening and closing adjustment, which can realize the automatic adjustment of circulating water cooling, and can make the circulating water return water temperature not affected by the ambient temperature; (5), the first and second floors The aluminum-magnesium composite fin radiator is evenly divided into multiple cooling sectors, which can satisfy the circulating water cooling of two circulation loops. The cooling triangles used for different circulation loops are arranged at intervals; (6), the two circulation loops are evenly arranged; (7), the jet fan 22 is set in the hyperbolic tower to improve the aerodynamic force in the tower and increase the cooling effect of the first stage; (8) ), set up a water mixing tank behind the heat pump unit, and realize accurate control of the return water temperature through PID automatic control; (9), the finned radiator is made of aluminum-magnesium alloy, and the specific gravity of aluminum-magnesium alloy material is light, about copper and iron three 1/1, the thermal conductivity is three times that of iron, excellent corrosion resistance, good processing type, good extrudability, and can extrude profiles that meet the needs of radiators with high radiation and convection.
据统计，一座循环量为70000吨/小时的循环水处理厂，采用敞开式循环水冷却，即在冷却塔的顶部设轴流风机及双曲线风筒，在轴流风扇螺旋桨旋转的作用下空气由下而上通过冷却塔，与热水喷头喷淋的水经过蜂窝状填料的均匀分布接触进行换热，同时部分水分蒸发吸收汽化热，部分以小液滴的形式随风飘散，其余循环水在冷却后流到底部的集水槽中，从而循环水得到冷却，每小时蒸发耗水量为931吨，全年按照8000小时运行，全年蒸发耗水量在744.8万吨水。采用本系统技术，耗水量能够下降90％以上。 According to statistics, a circulating water treatment plant with a circulation capacity of 70,000 tons per hour adopts open circulating water cooling, that is, an axial flow fan and a hyperbolic air duct are installed on the top of the cooling tower, and the air is rotated by the axial flow fan propeller. Through the cooling tower from bottom to top, the water sprayed by the hot water nozzle is uniformly distributed and contacted by the honeycomb filler for heat exchange. After cooling, it flows into the sump at the bottom, so that the circulating water is cooled, and the evaporation water consumption per hour is 931 tons. The annual operation is 8000 hours, and the annual evaporation water consumption is 7.448 million tons of water. Using this system technology, water consumption can be reduced by more than 90%.
本技术具有广阔应用前景，尤其在我国三北地区，能源丰富，但是水资源有限。本技术能够节约大量的工业用水，同时极大的减少空气的蒸汽污染，大大减小了设备的蒸汽腐蚀。同时本系统循环水属于闭式循环，在水循环过程中杜绝了空气中的灰尘进入，降低了循环水的污染，杜绝了循环水后续处理中的加药、沉淀、排污等流程，从而降低了费用。 This technology has broad application prospects, especially in the Three North regions of my country, where energy is abundant but water resources are limited. This technology can save a large amount of industrial water, and at the same time greatly reduce the steam pollution of the air, and greatly reduce the steam corrosion of the equipment. At the same time, the circulating water of this system belongs to a closed cycle, which prevents the dust in the air from entering during the water cycle, reduces the pollution of the circulating water, and eliminates the processes of dosing, precipitation, and sewage discharge in the subsequent treatment of the circulating water, thereby reducing the cost. .
如上所述，本发明提供一种带有铝镁复合翅片型空气散热器的节水型闭式循环水冷却方法和系统，依法提呈发明专利的申请；以上的实施说明及图示不能局限本发明，举凡与本发明的构造、装置、流程、特征等近似、雷同，均应属本专利申请范围之内。 As mentioned above, the present invention provides a water-saving closed-loop water cooling method and system with an aluminum-magnesium composite fin-type air radiator, and an application for an invention patent is submitted according to law; the above implementation description and diagrams cannot be limited In the present invention, all similar and similar structures, devices, processes, and features of the present invention should fall within the scope of this patent application.
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| CN108120315A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2018-06-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Circulating water cooling system and method |
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| CN115790027A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2023-03-14 | 鹰潭市远大气体有限公司 | Circulating water cooling system for air oxygen production |
| CN119289761A (en) * | 2024-12-10 | 2025-01-10 | 无锡混沌能源技术有限公司 | Intelligent control method for dry-wet cooling tower and dry-wet cooling tower |
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