CN105000729A - Comprehensive wastewater purification system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive wastewater purification system, which comprises a purification tower, an atomizer, and an ozone machine. The upper side wall of the purification tower is provided with a wastewater inlet, and the interior is sequentially provided with a slow flow layer, a diversion layer and an adsorption layer from top to bottom. ; The slow flow layer is a single-layer flat structure, located below the waste water inlet; the end of the single-layer flat plate structure away from the waste water inlet is provided with a plurality of through holes; the diversion layer is composed of multi-layer inclined deflectors; Grating structure; there is a porous film on the surface of the grating structure; the nozzle of the atomizer is located in the purification tower and below the diversion layer; the adsorption layer is composed of two layers of quartz sand filters; between the two layers of quartz sand filters is a The ozone inlet connected to the machine; there is a fluid outlet at the bottom of the purification tower. The comprehensive waste water purification system provided by the invention can timely and accurately treat waste water, meet discharge requirements, protect the environment, and benefit enterprises; the device has reasonable composition and is easy to maintain.

Description

A comprehensive wastewater purification system

technical field

The invention relates to a waste water treatment device, in particular to a comprehensive waste water purification system for high-efficiency waste water treatment.

Background technique

Wastewater refers to the general term for water discharged during residents' activities and runoff rainwater. It includes domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, and other useless water such as primary rain runoff into drainage pipes and ditches. Electroplating is one of the three major polluting industries in the world today. Electroplating wastewater, especially comprehensive electroplating wastewater, has the characteristics of many types of pollutants, complex components, high toxicity and serious hazards. The main pollutants are various heavy metal ions, cyanide, waste acid and waste alkali, etc. Wastewater and waste liquid discharged from electroplating factories, such as rinsing water of plating parts, waste bath liquid, equipment cooling water and flushing ground water, etc., the water quality varies with the production process, and often contains oil and various metal ions. Generally speaking, it often contains Cr ⁶⁺ , Cd ²⁺ , Ni ²⁺ , Cu ²⁺ , Zn ²⁺ , Fe ²⁺ and other heavy metals; electroplating wastewater is toxic and harmful. For example, cyanide can cause acute poisoning of humans and animals and cause death, and long-term effects of low concentrations can also cause chronic poisoning. Cadmium can cause pathological changes in the kidneys and cause itai disease. Hexavalent chromium can cause lung cancer, gastrointestinal disorders, and anemia, and can accumulate in bones, spleen, and liver. Therefore, electroplating wastewater must be strictly controlled and properly disposed of.

Industrial wastewater such as domestic sewage, food processing, and papermaking contains organic substances such as carbohydrates, proteins, oils, and lignin. These substances exist in the sewage in a suspended or dissolved state and can be decomposed by the biochemical action of microorganisms. Oxygen-depleting pollutants are called oxygen-depleting pollutants because they consume oxygen during their decomposition. This pollutant can reduce dissolved oxygen in the water, affecting the growth of fish and other aquatic organisms. After the dissolved oxygen in the water is exhausted, the organic matter undergoes anaerobic decomposition, producing unpleasant odors such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia and mercaptans, which deteriorate the water quality. The composition of organic matter in water is very complex, and the concentration of oxygen-consuming organic matter is usually expressed by the amount of oxygen consumed during the biochemical decomposition of oxygen-consuming substances in a unit volume of water.

The existing wastewater treatment method is: directly remove heavy metal ions from the wastewater discharged from the factory through a heavy metal ion removal device, and then discharge it to a sewage treatment plant through a sewage pipe network for treatment of ammonia nitrogen and organic matter. There are many specific water treatment processes, including resin exchange, electrolysis, chemical method and air flotation. Existing wastewater treatment methods have high energy consumption, high power consumption and iron consumption by electrolysis, too much sludge generated for high-concentration chromium-containing wastewater, which is not suitable, and it is not ideal for cyanide-containing wastewater; chemical agents and air flotation The method uses chemical redox neutralization, and uses air flotation to separate mud and water. Because the electroplating sludge has a large proportion and the wastewater contains a variety of organic additives, the air flotation separation is not complete in actual use, and the operation and management are inconvenient.

Therefore, in order to realize the truly effective treatment of comprehensive wastewater, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive wastewater purification system that can be used for efficient treatment of wastewater.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive wastewater purification system that can effectively remove metal ions and organic matter in wastewater.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A comprehensive wastewater purification system, including a purification tower, an atomizer, and an ozone machine. The upper side wall of the purification tower is provided with a wastewater inlet, and the interior is sequentially provided with a slow flow layer, a diversion layer and an adsorption layer from top to bottom; The slow flow layer is a single-layer plate structure, located below the waste water inlet; the end of the single-layer plate structure away from the waste water inlet is provided with a plurality of through holes; the guide layer is composed of multi-layer inclined guide plates; The surface of the guide plate is provided with a grating structure; the surface of the grating structure is provided with a porous film; the nozzle of the atomizer is located in the purification tower and below the guide layer; the adsorption layer is composed of two layers of quartz sand filters; An ozone inlet connected with an ozone machine is arranged between the two layers of quartz sand filter screens; a fluid outlet is arranged at the bottom of the purification tower.

In the present invention, on the single-layer plate structure, the area provided with a plurality of through holes accounts for 20-25% of the area of the entire single-layer plate. It can slow down the flow rate, increase the filtration and adsorption effect, and at the same time pass through the set holes, which will not hinder the treatment efficiency of wastewater. Increase the contact time between wastewater and the deflector, improve the filtration effect, and will not cause the water flow rate to drop sharply, avoiding the drop caused by the flow rate. The defect of poor particle filtering effect.

In the present invention, the included angle between the inclined guide plate and the horizontal plane is 10-15 degrees. The deflector is arranged obliquely to guide the flow of waste water and remove organic matter in the waste water during the guiding process. Most of the existing methods of removing organic matter are adding microorganisms or physical adsorption in a still pool. This invention is the first time in the flow of waste water During the process, the organic matter in the water is effectively removed, which not only improves the efficiency but also simplifies the equipment. The gap between the deflector and the tower wall can be set as required, and the fluid flows from the gap to the next deflector. The slope deflector of the present invention preferably has five layers.

The removal of organic matter is a microscopic treatment effect. Unlike filtering large impurities such as particulate matter, the porous membrane woven from fibrous polymer adsorption materials can effectively remove organic matter; the thickness of the porous membrane is 0.4-0.8mm; the porosity of the porous membrane is 60 -65%.

The present invention utilizes the grating structure for the first time to form an organic matter removal place, the thickness of the grating structure is 2.5-3 mm, and the duty ratio is 0.46-0.52. It can effectively increase the contact between the wastewater and the porous membrane. In each groove of the grating structure, the wastewater has a very short pause to increase the removal rate of organic matter.

Preferably, there are two nozzles of the atomizer, and the two nozzles are distributed symmetrically about the axis of the purification tower. The reagents that can be metal complexed into solids are placed in the atomizer. After the reagents are atomized by the atomizer, they enter the tower from the atomization nozzle and mix with the waste water. The atomized materials can increase the mixing uniformity. Two mutually symmetrical Advanced atomizing nozzles make the mixing of wastewater and reagents without dead ends.

On the one hand, the quartz sand filter removes the particulate matter in the wastewater, and more importantly, the formed backflow channel increases the contact between water and ozone, and further removes harmful substances; the filtration accuracy of the two layers of quartz sand filters is different.

The fibrous polymer adsorption material of the present invention has a certain strength, has a porous structure, and effectively increases the specific surface area. The lipophilic groups not only exist on the surface of the fiber, but also exist in a large number of micropores, which accelerates the fiber adsorption speed and further increases the adsorption capacity.

Adsorption technology is to capture harmful substances discharged into the environment through adsorption materials to achieve the purpose of treatment, which can avoid damage to the environment. Its core lies in adsorption materials. The defects in the operation cannot meet the requirements of industrialized treatment, especially when the granular activated carbon is used for the disposal of wastewater organic pollution accidents, it is impossible to clean and recover the toxic organic pollutants floating on the water surface. The present invention uses polymer adsorption materials for the first time. It effectively solves the organic pollutants in the wastewater, and avoids the side effects caused by the existing chemical treatment and biological treatment methods.

Due to the use of the above-mentioned technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

1. For the first time, the present invention effectively removes organic matter in water during the flow of waste water, which not only improves efficiency but also simplifies equipment. The grating structure is used to form an organic matter removal site, which can effectively increase the contact between waste water and porous membrane. In the groove of each grating structure, Wastewater has a very short pause, which increases the removal rate of organic matter.

2. The comprehensive wastewater purification system provided by the invention is an integrated device, which can timely and accurately process comprehensive wastewater, meet discharge requirements, protect the environment, and benefit enterprises; the device has reasonable composition, easy maintenance, and is suitable for wastewater treatment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of integrated waste water purification system in the embodiment;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single-layer plate structure;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of grating structure;

Among them, purification tower 1, waste water inlet 2, single-layer plate structure 3, through hole 31, inclined deflector 4, grating structure 41, quartz sand filter 5, quartz sand filter 6, atomizer 7, ozone machine 8 , Nozzle 71, nozzle 72, ozone inlet 81.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment:

Embodiment one:

See accompanying drawing 1, a kind of comprehensive waste water purification system comprises a purification tower 1, and its upper side wall is provided with waste water inlet 2, and the bottom end is provided with fluid outlet, and in order to flow out better, the bottom can be provided with a certain inclination, and water inlet is provided below. There is a single-layer plate structure 3, and a plurality of through holes 31 are arranged on the single-layer plate structure; there are five layers of slope deflectors 4 under the single-layer plate structure, and the angle between the slope deflectors and the horizontal plane is 10-15 degrees; A grating structure 41 is provided on the surface of the plate; a porous film is provided on the surface of the grating structure; two layers of quartz sand filter screens 5 and 6 are provided under the guide plate.

It also includes an atomizer 7 and an ozone machine 8; the two nozzles 71 and 72 of the atomizer are located in the purification tower and below the diversion layer; the ozone inlet 81 connected with the ozone machine is between two layers of quartz sand filter screens.

The above porous membrane is obtained by weaving fibrous polymer adsorption material, the thickness is 0.4-0.8mm, and the porosity of the porous membrane is 60-65%.

Referring to accompanying drawing 2, it is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single-layer plate, and the area of the area provided with multiple through holes is 20% of the area of the entire single-layer plate.

Referring to accompanying drawing 3, it is a schematic diagram of a grating structure, its thickness is 2.5 millimeters, and its duty ratio is 0.5.

Embodiment two

A comprehensive wastewater purification system, similar to the main body of Embodiment 1, wherein the inclined deflector has four layers, and the bottom of the bottom deflector is provided with through holes; in the single-layer flat plate structure, the area with multiple through holes The area is 25% of the entire single-layer flat plate; the thickness of the grating structure is 3 mm, and the duty ratio is 0.5.

Embodiment three

During the actual treatment, the wastewater enters the tower from the inlet, and flows to the deflector through the holes of the single-layer plate, and the organic matter is removed; then the wastewater is mixed with the reagent to form a metal solid, which flows through the quartz sand filter to filter the solid particles, and at the same time, the ozone Harmful substances in the water are further removed, and the wastewater treatment can be completed when the water is discharged.

Table 1 shows the content of each substance before and after the wastewater treatment. It can be seen that the device of the present invention effectively treats the wastewater into a water body that meets the discharge standard.

Table 1 The content of each substance before and after electroplating wastewater treatment (mg/L) CN ^- Fe ^2+/3+ Cr6 ⁺ Ni ²⁺ Zn ²⁺ Cu ²⁺ COD before processing 102 20.1 18.6 14.3 45.3 56.3 253.1 Embodiment one none 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 15 Embodiment two none 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.01 11

Claims (10)

1. A comprehensive wastewater purification system, characterized in that: it includes a purification tower, an atomizer, and an ozone machine, the upper side wall of the purification tower is provided with a wastewater inlet, and the interior is sequentially provided with a slow flow layer and a diversion layer from top to bottom. Layer and adsorption layer; the slow flow layer is a single-layer flat structure, located below the waste water inlet; the end of the single-layer flat structure away from the waste water inlet is provided with a plurality of through holes; the diversion layer is guided by a multi-layer slope The surface of the guide plate is composed of a grating structure; the surface of the grating structure is provided with a porous film; the nozzle of the atomizer is located in the purification tower and below the guide layer; the adsorption layer is composed of two layers It consists of quartz sand filter screens; an ozone inlet connected to an ozone machine is provided between the two layers of quartz sand filter screens; a fluid outlet is provided at the bottom of the purification tower. 2. The comprehensive wastewater purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: on the single-layer plate structure, the area of the area provided with a plurality of through holes is 20-25% of the area of the entire single-layer plate. 3. The comprehensive wastewater purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the angle between the inclined guide plate and the horizontal plane is 10-15 degrees. 4. The comprehensive wastewater purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the porous membrane is woven from fibrous polymer adsorption materials. 5. The comprehensive wastewater purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the porous membrane is 0.4-0.8mm. 6. The comprehensive wastewater purification system according to claim 1, wherein the porosity of the porous membrane is 60-65%. 7. The comprehensive wastewater purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inclined guide plate has five layers. 8. The comprehensive wastewater purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thickness of the grating structure is 2.5-3 mm, and the duty ratio is 0.46-0.52. 9. The comprehensive wastewater purification system according to claim 1, wherein: the atomizer has two nozzles, and the two nozzles are symmetrically distributed about the axis of the purification tower. 10. The comprehensive wastewater purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the filtration accuracy of the two layers of quartz sand filter screens is different.