CN104958818A - 多功能双囊气管插管 - Google Patents
多功能双囊气管插管 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104958818A CN104958818A CN201510403923.6A CN201510403923A CN104958818A CN 104958818 A CN104958818 A CN 104958818A CN 201510403923 A CN201510403923 A CN 201510403923A CN 104958818 A CN104958818 A CN 104958818A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gas cell
- patient
- pipe shaft
- gas
- tracheal intubation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 210000003437 Trachea Anatomy 0.000 title abstract description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 206010036790 Productive cough Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 210000003802 Sputum Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002627 tracheal intubation Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 229940079593 drugs Drugs 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011901 water Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010410 layers Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 206010022114 Injuries Diseases 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002775 capsules Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Barium sulfate Chemical compound 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[Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reactions Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052941 barium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002965 ropes Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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Abstract
本发明属于医用气管插管技术领域，尤其涉及一种多功能双囊气管插管，包括管身、内充气囊、外充气囊，管身的一端为病人端，另一端为机械端，病人端的侧壁上设有向管身凹陷的弧形侧通气口，内充气囊由多个相邻的凹部和凸部连接组成，外充气囊包括外凸的第一气囊段、外凸的第二气囊段、位于第一气囊段和第二气囊段之间并分别与第一气囊段和第二气囊段连接的弧形连接段，外充气囊上方、管身上设有冲洗和出药口，输注药物导管、外充气囊输注气体导管、内充气囊输注气体导管伸出管身外的部分并排固定连接。本发明的有益效果是：实现了多口喷药，不压迫气管黏膜，血运状态好，不易损伤声门，供氧和吸痰顺畅，减轻了病人的痛苦。
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本发明属于医用气管插管技术领域，尤其涉及一种多功能双囊气管插管。
背景技术
[0002] 气管插管是将一种特制的气管内导管，通过口腔或鼻腔插入病人气管内，这一器械和技术能为气道通畅、通气供氧、呼吸道吸引和防止误吸等提供最佳条件，是一种气管内麻醉和抢救病人的技术，气管插管是抢救心跳呼吸骤停病人的一项重要措施。它便于清除呼吸道分泌物，维持气管通畅，减少气道阻力，有利于减少呼吸道解剖死腔，保证有效通气量，为给氧加压人工呼吸及气管内给药提供了条件，气管或支气管内插管是实施麻醉一项安全措施。因此，各种原因引起的呼吸停止或呼吸衰竭，需要进行人工辅助呼吸的病人，均宜使用气管插管和气管插管术。对抢救患者生命、降低病死率起到至关重要的作用。且能够及时吸出气管内分泌物或异物，防止异物进入呼吸道，保持呼吸道通畅，进行有效的人工或机械通气，防止患者缺氧和二氧化碳潴留气管插管是否及时，直接关系着抢救的成功与否、患者能否安全转运及患者的预后情况。
[0003] 但是现有的气管插管在使用过程中，充气气囊容易被破坏和漏气，将分泌物和血流入气管中，出现这种情况只能暂停手术将气管插管退出，重新换上新的气管插管，这给手术带来了很大的麻烦，也给病人带来了痛苦。而且现有的气管插管在使用过程中病人端的侧通气口和下端的孔容易被堵住，进而影响供氧和吸痰操作的顺利进行，影响手术的成功性；病人端下端的软探头由于是直的，容易戳到气管并划伤气管，给病人造成更大的痛苦；而由于气管插管长期在气管内滞留，导致病人的大量口水产生潴留，一方面会堵住插管与气管的通气孔，另一方面口水过多会流出，不利于手术的进行。一旦气管插管与气管之间不能保持通畅，极易导致患者缺氧和二氧化碳潴留，容易给患者带来生命危险。
发明内容
[0004] 为了克服上述现有技术的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种多功能双囊气管插管，不仅能够实现多口喷药，而且不压迫气管黏膜，血运状态好，不易损伤声门，供氧和吸痰顺畅，减轻了病人的痛苦，保证了操作的顺利进行。
[0005] 为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案:
[0006] 一种多功能双囊气管插管，包括中空的管身、套在管身下部外侧的内充气囊、位于内充气囊外部的外充气囊，所述管身的一端为病人端，另一端为机械端，所述机械端为呼吸机接头，所述呼吸机接头包括呼吸主通路和吸取痰液侧通路，所述病人端的端口为前斜面，所述病人端的侧壁上设有向所述管身凹陷的弧形侧通气口，所述管身内壁固定有输注药物导管、外充气囊输注气体导管、内充气囊输注气体导管，其特征在于:所述内充气囊由多个相邻的凹部和凸部连接组成，所述外充气囊包括外凸的第一气囊段、外凸的第二气囊段、位于第一气囊段和第二气囊段之间并分别与第一气囊段和第二气囊段连接的弧形连接段，所述外充气囊上方、所述管身上设有冲洗和出药口，所述输注药物导管、所述外充气囊输注气体导管、所述内充气囊输注气体导管伸出所述管身外的部分并排固定连接；
[0007] 所述病人端的前斜面设有软探头，所述软探头为向所述管身方向弯曲的弧形结构，所述弧形结构中部设有凹口，所述凹口与所述侧通气口具有相同的中心线，所述凹口将所述软探头分成左右两个防黏膜损伤部，所述凹口相对的一侧所述病人端端口处设有凹槽，紧邻所述凹槽上部的所述病人端上设有侧出药孔；
[0008] 所述病人端端口内壁固定有超微型插入式温度探头，所述超微型插入式温度探头与外界的温度监护仪连接；
[0009] 所述管身外部包有吸口水膨胀体，所述吸口水膨胀体与负压吸引器连接管连接，所述负压吸引器连接管一端伸入所述吸口水膨胀体，并固定在所述吸口水膨胀体内部，另一端伸出病人体外。
[0010] 所述吸口水膨胀体包括内纱布层、外纱布层、包裹在内纱布层和外纱布层之间的海绵层，所述吸口水膨胀体固定在所述海绵层内。
[0011] 所述输注药物导管一端与输注药物注射器接口连接，另一端延伸至所述病人端的底部，所述外充气囊通过所述外充气囊输注气体导管与位于所述管身外部的外充气囊注入气体容量显示小囊连接，所述内充气囊通过所述内充气囊输注气体导管与位于所述管身外部的内充气囊注入气体容量显示小囊连接。
[0012] 所述外凸的第一气囊段、所述外凸的第二气囊段、所述弧形连接段一整体结构。
[0013] 所述管身上设有贯穿整个所述管身的硫酸钡显影线。
[0014] 所述吸取痰液侧通路下端通过连接绳与密封盖连接。
[0015] 所述病人端的前斜面截面形状为椭圆形。
[0016] 所述内充气囊为螺旋状或波纹状。
[0017] 本发明的有益效果是:使用内外两个充气囊，可以交替使用，不压迫气管，只使用内充气囊时，外充气囊作为缓冲软垫，外充气囊内也可以注水，在做激光手术时可以防止着火，另外，如果其中一个充气囊在使用过程中漏气，另一个充气囊可以起到相同的作用，不需要将气管插管拔出即可继续进行手术操作；外充气囊的由外凸的第一气囊段、外凸的第二气囊段、内凹的弧形连接段组成，以及内充气囊的凹凸部形状，使得充气囊在充气后不压迫黏膜，能保持良好的血运状态；外充气囊上方的冲洗和出药口，不仅能用于出药，而且可以用于对声门附近的分泌物进行冲洗，减少给局麻药时对组织的刺激；输注药物导管、外充气囊输注气体导管、内充气囊输注气体导管伸出所述管身外的部分并排固定连接，可防止三根导管使用时缠绕在一起，而且便于操作者对三根导管进行不同的操作；弧形侧通气口不仅可以通气，而且可防止气管内部划伤；左防黏膜损伤部、右防黏膜损伤部，不容易损伤黏膜和声门，减轻了病人的痛苦；在管身外部设置了吸口水膨胀体，吸收由于气管插管长时间在气管中停留产生的大量口水，一方面防止口水流出，另一方面保证气管插管的正常工作，吸痰吸氧效果好；在病人端设置了超微型插入式温度探头，能准确测量病人的体温，进而对病人进行很好的监控，避免体温过高或过低引发其他症状。本发明不仅能够实现多口喷药，而且不压迫气管黏膜，血运状态好，不易损伤声门，供氧和吸痰顺畅，减轻了病人的痛苦，保证了操作的顺利进行。
附图说明
[0018] 图1为本发明的结构示意图；
[0019] 图2为本发明病人端的俯视图；
[0020] 图3为本发明病人端的仰视图。
[0021] 图中，1、管身，2、内充气囊，3、外充气囊，4、病人端，5、呼吸主通路，6、吸取痰液侧通路，7、密封盖，8、侧通气口，9、输注药物导管，10、外充气囊输注气体导管，11、内充气囊输注气体导管，12、输注药物注射器接口，13、外充气囊注入气体容量显示小囊，14、内充气囊注入气体容量显示小囊，15、注射药物接注射器弹簧锁口，16、外充气囊注入气体弹簧锁口，17、内充气囊注入气体弹簧锁口，18、凹部，19、凸部，20、第一气囊段，21、第二气囊段，22、弧形连接段，23、冲洗和出药口，24、软探头，25、凹口，26、凹槽，27、侧出药孔，28、硫酸钡显影线，29、吸口水膨胀体，30、负压吸引器连接管，31、左防黏膜损伤部，32、右防黏膜损伤部，33、超微型插入式温度探头。
具体实施方式
[0022] 下面结合附图对本发明的一种具体实施方式做出说明。
[0023] 如图1所示，本发明提供一种多功能双囊气管插管，包括中空的管身1、套在管身I下部外侧的内充气囊2、位于内充气囊2外部的外充气囊3，所述管身I的一端为病人端4，另一端为机械端，所述机械端为呼吸机接头，所述呼吸机接头包括呼吸主通路5和吸取痰液侧通路6，呼吸主通路5和吸取痰液侧通路6形成类似三通的结构，所述吸取痰液侧通路6下端通过连接绳与密封盖7连接，密封盖7用于封住吸取痰液侧通路6的开口 ；所述病人端4的端口为前斜面，截面形状为椭圆形，所述病人端4的侧壁上设有向所述管身I凹陷的弧形侧通气口 8，所述侧通气口 8为长圆形或椭圆形等具有光滑边缘的形状，防止对患者造成划伤；所述管身I为具有弹簧式气管插管壁内加强钢丝的塑料管，所述管身I内壁固定有输注药物导管9、外充气囊输注气体导管10、内充气囊输注气体导管11，所述输注药物导管9 一端与输注药物注射器接口 12连接，另一端延伸至所述病人端4的底部，所述外充气囊3通过所述外充气囊输注气体导管10与位于所述管身I外部的外充气囊注入气体容量显示小囊13连接，所述内充气囊2通过所述内充气囊输注气体导管11与位于所述管身I外部的内充气囊注入气体容量显示小囊14连接，输注药物注射器接口 12、外充气囊输注气体导管10、内充气囊输注气体导管11上分别设有注射药物接注射器弹簧锁扣15、外充气囊注入气体弹簧锁口 16、内充气囊注入气体弹簧锁口 17。
[0024] 所述内充气囊2由多个相邻的凹部18和凸部19连接组成，形成类似螺旋状或波纹状的结构，所述外充气囊3包括外凸的第一气囊段20、外凸的第二气囊段21、位于第一气囊段20和第二气囊段21之间并连接二者的内凹的弧形连接段22，三者为一整体结构，外充气囊3结构类似葫芦状或花生壳状。所述外充气囊3上方、所述管身I上设有冲洗和出药口 23，可以在外充气囊3的上、下分别设置不同位置的冲洗和出药口 23，实现对患者不同程度、不同位置的局麻所述输注药物导管9、所述外充气囊输注气体导管10、所述内充气囊输注气体导管11伸出所述管身I外的部分并排固定连接，通过粘接或制作时直接将三者并排固定在一起或其他可以实现本结构的方式均可，这三个导管可制成不同颜色或者在上面编上不同编号，以便操作者区分，防止操作者操作失误。
[0025] 如图2、图3所示，所述病人端4的前斜面设有软探头24，所述软探头24为向所述管身I方向弯曲的弧形结构，所述弧形结构中部设有凹口 25，所述凹口 25与所述侧通气口8具有相同的中心线，所述凹口 25将所述软探头24分成左防黏膜损伤部31、右防黏膜损伤部32两个部分，防止划伤病人气管内的黏膜，所述凹口 25相对的一侧所述病人端4端口处设有凹槽26，紧邻所述凹槽26上部的所述病人端4上设有侧出药孔27 ;
[0026] 所述管身I上设有贯穿整个管身I的硫酸钡显影线28 ;便于观察管身I伸入气管的长度。
[0027] 所述管身I外部包有吸口水膨胀体29，所述吸口水膨胀体29与负压吸引器连接管30连接，所述负压吸引器连接管30 —端伸入所述吸口水膨胀体29，并固定在所述吸口水膨胀体29内部，另一端伸出病人体外。具体地说，所述吸口水膨胀体29包括内纱布层、外纱布层、包裹在内纱布层和外纱布层之间的海绵层，所述吸口水膨胀体29固定在所述海绵层内。吸收由于气管插管长时间在气管中停留产生的大量口水，一方面防止口水流出，另一方面保证气管插管的正常工作，吸痰吸氧效果好。
[0028] 所述病人端4端口内壁固定有超微型插入式温度探头33，所述超微型插入式温度探头33与外界的温度监护仪(图中未标出)连接，能准确测量病人的体温，进而对病人进行很好的监控，避免体温过高或过低引发其他症状。
[0029] 上述实施例本发明的较佳实施例，不能被认为用于限定本发明的实施范围。凡依本发明申请范围所作的均等变化与改进等，均应仍归属于本发明的专利涵盖范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种多功能双囊气管插管，包括中空的管身、套在管身下部外侧的内充气囊、位于内充气囊外部的外充气囊，所述管身的一端为病人端，另一端为机械端，所述机械端为呼吸机接头，所述呼吸机接头包括呼吸主通路和吸取痰液侧通路，所述病人端的端口为前斜面，所述病人端的侧壁上设有向所述管身凹陷的弧形侧通气口，所述管身内壁固定有输注药物导管、外充气囊输注气体导管、内充气囊输注气体导管，其特征在于:所述内充气囊由多个相邻的凹部和凸部连接组成，所述外充气囊包括外凸的第一气囊段、外凸的第二气囊段、位于第一气囊段和第二气囊段之间并分别与第一气囊段和第二气囊段连接的弧形连接段，所述外充气囊上方、所述管身上设有冲洗和出药口，所述输注药物导管、所述外充气囊输注气体导管、所述内充气囊输注气体导管伸出所述管身外的部分并排固定连接； 所述病人端的前斜面设有软探头，所述软探头为向所述管身方向弯曲的弧形结构，所述弧形结构中部设有凹口，所述凹口与所述侧通气口具有相同的中心线，所述凹口将所述软探头分成左右两个防黏膜损伤部，所述凹口相对的一侧所述病人端端口处设有凹槽，紧邻所述凹槽上部的所述病人端上设有侧出药孔。
2.根据权利要求1所述的气管插管，其特征在于所述病人端端口内壁固定有超微型插入式温度探头，所述超微型插入式温度探头与外界的温度监护仪连接。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的气管插管，其特征在于所述管身外部包有吸口水膨胀体，所述吸口水膨胀体与负压吸引器连接管连接，所述负压吸引器连接管一端伸入所述吸口水膨胀体，并固定在所述吸口水膨胀体内部，另一端伸出病人体外。
4.根据权利要求3所述的气管插管，其特征在于所述吸口水膨胀体包括内纱布层、夕卜纱布层、包裹在内纱布层和外纱布层之间的海绵层，所述吸口水膨胀体固定在所述海绵层内。
5.根据权利要求4所述的气管插管，其特征在于所述输注药物导管一端与输注药物注射器接口连接，另一端延伸至所述病人端的底部，所述外充气囊通过所述外充气囊输注气体导管与位于所述管身外部的外充气囊注入气体容量显示小囊连接，所述内充气囊通过所述内充气囊输注气体导管与位于所述管身外部的内充气囊注入气体容量显示小囊连接。
6.根据权利要求1或5所述的气管插管，其特征在于所述外凸的第一气囊段、所述外凸的第二气囊段、所述弧形连接段一整体结构。
7.根据权利要求1所述的气管插管，其特征在于所述管身上设有贯穿整个所述管身的硫酸钡显影线。
8.根据权利要求1所述的气管插管，其特征在于所述吸取痰液侧通路下端通过连接绳与密封盖连接。
9.根据权利要求1所述的气管插管，其特征在于所述病人端的前斜面截面形状为椭圆形。
10.根据权利要求1所述的气管插管，其特征在于所述内充气囊为螺旋状或波纹状。
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