CN104934091B - selectively passing material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
selectively passing material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104934091B CN104934091B CN201510410519.1A CN201510410519A CN104934091B CN 104934091 B CN104934091 B CN 104934091B CN 201510410519 A CN201510410519 A CN 201510410519A CN 104934091 B CN104934091 B CN 104934091B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21H—OBTAINING ENERGY FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES; APPLICATIONS OF RADIATION FROM RADIOACTIVE SOURCES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; UTILISING COSMIC RADIATION
- G21H1/00—Arrangements for obtaining electrical energy from radioactive sources, e.g. from radioactive isotopes, nuclear or atomic batteries
- G21H1/06—Cells wherein radiation is applied to the junction of different semiconductor materials
Abstract
The present invention discloses a selectively passing material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of materials. The selectively passing material is provided with a channel used for passing of helium, the channel is formed by a release process of helium which is generated by neutron irradiation for the material. The preparation method of the selectively passing material comprises the steps of: mixing powdery metal with powdery <10>B elementary substance/compound; sintering the mixture to obtain a matrix; then performing neutron irradiation processing on the obtained matrix; and finally performing heating processing on the matrix which is subjected to the neutron irradiation processing to release the helium generated by the neutron irradiation to form the selectively passing material. According to the selectively passing material and the preparation method of the present invention, the problem of preparing a <238>Pu helium-passing plutonium-blocking material is solved, and the characteristic that <10>B reacts with neutron to generate helium is ingeniously utilized to form a specific channel for diffusion of helium atoms, excellent selectively passing performance is achieved, in addition, the condition of each step of the preparation process can be easily controlled, thereby avoiding the disadvantages of low yield and unstable quality of foreign technology, and the selectively passing material also can be used as a helium-passing window material for being popularized and applied to alpha decay isotopes besides the <238>Pu.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of selective by material and preparation method thereof, especially a kind of selectivity of helium resistance plutonium is logical
Material and preparation method thereof is crossed, belongs to field of material technology.
Background technology
238Pu isotope thermoelectric cells be by238The alpha-decay heat energy of Pu is converted into a kind of power supply of electric energy, with small volume,
The features such as specific power is high, reliability is high,238The half-life of Pu is even more up to 87.4, the far super general chemistry battery of its service life
And solar cell, therefore there is weight in the numerous areas such as space flight survey of deep space, ocean or polar region signals collecting, weaponry
Big using value.
Due to238Pu is extremely toxic radionuclide, in order to prevent238The leakage of Pu, it is necessary to by the PuO of ceramic2Material
In being encapsulated in an impact resistance, high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant container, referred to as fuel cassette.Meanwhile,238The alpha-decay rate of Pu is 6.335 ×
1011s-1*g-1, per gram238The helium about 0.74cm that Pu is discharged for 1 year because of alpha-decay3.If the helium for producing cannot be effective
Release, elapses over time, and pressure gradually increases in fuel cassette causes its final rupture, causes238Pu escape of radioactivity accidents.
The presence of pressure in fuel cassette, can also substantially reduce its shock resistance, increase damaged probability.Therefore, must set on fuel cassette
In respect of special saturating helium resistance plutonium window, in certain pressure with a temperature of, helium can be appeared slowly, and plutonium dioxide and its aerosol cannot
Ooze out.
Thoroughly the design of helium resistance plutonium material is most important with manufacture, is also238The difficult point that Pu isotopes thermoelectric cell is developed.It is beautiful
Existing more than the 40 years research in terms of the saturating helium resistance plutonium material of state, open source information reports that it uses amorphous metallic material, into
Product rate is low and is difficult to control to, and detailed preparation technology is still not disclosed so far, domestic more to report without correlative study.The system of amorphous metal
It is standby to prepare by way of by liquid metal chilling, the formation of crystal is prevented by rapid solidification, have little time atom extensive
Normal lattice structure is arrived again to be just fixed up, the unordered vitreous structure of similar liquid is formed, and helium passes through unordered duct
Discharge.However, being obtained after helium window material using above-mentioned emergency cooling process, it is necessary to be welded on fuel cassette, in sweating heat
Processing procedure, saturating helium window material microstructure can occur conversion of the amorphous to crystal, affect saturating helium and resistance plutonium performance.Due to this kind of
Saturating helium window obtained in technique is the most weak part of fuel cassette mechanical property, limited area system, it is also difficult to by follow-up mechanics
Impact examination.For above-mentioned reasons, the saturating helium window yield rate that prepared by U.S.'s technique is low and is difficult to control to quality.
10The nuclear reaction of B and neutron：n+10B→7Li+4He。10B inherently excellent neutron-absorbing nucleic, above-mentioned reaction
With very heavy in section, for thermal neutron, the bar grace of section 3837.
The content of the invention
The present invention goal of the invention be：For above-mentioned problem, there is provided a kind of selectivity of helium resistance plutonium passes through
Material and preparation method thereof, to solve the above problems.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：
Selective to have the passage passed through for helium on the material by material, the passage is shone by material Jing neutrons
Penetrate generation helium, then the formation by helium release.
By material, the selection principle of material substrate is to disclosure satisfy that the machine required for use environment for the selectivity of the present invention
Tool performance, the performance that disclosure satisfy that helium release process formation helium passages, the property with certain stability in neutron exposure
Can, and stability of the later stage in helium release process is processed.The environment that materials'use can be passed through according to selectivity, in metal material
Suitable material is selected in material, nonmetallic materials or inorganic material as base material, metal is preferably selected as base material, such as titanium,
Palladium, platinum and copper etc.；Containing the material that helium is produced in neutron exposure in material, typically such as contain10The simple substance or compound of B, then
Processing procedure is discharged by helium and the selectivity is formed by material.
Further, the raw material of the material is comprising the metal as base material and contains10Simple substance/the compound of B, and pass through
It is prepared by following steps：
（a）By powdery metal and powder10The simple substance of B/compound mixing, by sintering matrix is obtained；
（b）Gained matrix is carried out into neutron exposure；
（c）Matrix after neutron exposure is heated to discharge the helium of neutron exposure generation, is formed selective logical
Cross material.
In order to improve metal dust and contain10The uniformity of B powder mixing, preferably, the particle diameter of metal dust is micron order
,10The particle diameter of the simple substance/compound powder of B is nanoscale.
The step（a）In, powdery metal and powder10The uniform of mixing is easy in the simple substance of B/compound mixing.Institute
State that sintering process is identical with powder metallurgy principle, the material with mechanical strength can be formed, and it can be made in step（a）
In possess good he-lium release ability.
Further, the metal is titanium.Titanium is excellent metal material, and fusing point is up to 1670 DEG C, after neutron exposure not
Long-lived Radionuclides can be produced, reactivity is low.With the little titanium of high specific strength and density as matrix material, it is particularly suitable for
Space flight survey of deep space；Meanwhile, the corrosion resistance of titanium is extremely strong, can for a long time place seabed or other extreme environments.
Further, the purity of powder titanium is more than 99.9%, and particle diameter is less than 10 microns.
Further, it is described to contain10The compound of B is titanium boride.Compound of the titanium boride as titanium, it is ensured that itself and powder
The uniformity of the Titanium mixing of shape, is conducive to improving selective by the performance of material, also can guarantee that the uniformity of base material.
Further, the purity of powder titanium boride is more than 99.9%, and particle diameter is less than 50 nanometers.
Titanium valve and titanium boride are readily available raw material.It is preferable that the titanium and titanium boride of higher degree causes matrix to have
Neutron exposure stability, thinner particle diameter ensures there is good mixed performance, and then is conducive to helium to pass through passage
Formed.
Further, the step（a）In, sintering process is to carry out under vacuo, and sintering temperature is more than 1000 DEG C.
Further, the step（a）In processing procedure, the mixture of titanium and titanium boride is put in equal pressing equipment,
Its operating pressure is not less than 80Mpa, to optimize the mechanical performance of sintering rear substrate.Sintering process vacuum is not less than 10-3Pa, with
Further avoid being aoxidized in sintering process.
Further, the step（c）In, heat-treatment process is to carry out under vacuo, and heat treatment temperature is 300-
800℃。
Further, heat-treatment process vacuum is not less than 10-3Pa, further to avoid occurring in heat-treatment process
Oxidation.
In addition, the operation of the neutron exposure process is as follows：The matrix that sintering is obtained loads in high-purity aluminium pot, sends into anti-
Irradiate in Ying Dui ducts.According to boron doping ratio, neutron flux rate, determine that irradiation time is fully irradiated, it is therefore intended that make10B is complete
Entirely and neutron reaction；Pig cooling is put into after sample after irradiation is taken out, cool time is determined by γ dosage.
In the present invention the metal and10In the mixture of B simple substance/compound, with10B is counted,10The quality of B and mixture
Than for 0.1%-5%.I.e.10B amounts are the 0.1%-5% of whole mixture, are beneficial to the excellent helium of forming properties by passage.
Further, also including step（d）, the step（d）It is by step（c）The selectivity for obtaining is carried out by material
Surface treatment, is required with meeting the selective use environment by material.
Selectively carry out surface treatment by material to comprise the following steps：（1）It is cleaned by ultrasonic saturating helium material sheet with acetone；
（2）Cleaned with ultra-pure water；（3）Using sulfuric acid dinitroso Asia platinic acid system electroplating surface.
The preparation method that a kind of selectivity passes through material, comprises the steps of：
（a）By powdery metal and powder10The simple substance of B/compound mixing, by sintering matrix is obtained；
（b）Gained matrix is carried out into neutron exposure；
（c）Matrix after neutron exposure is heated to discharge the helium of neutron exposure generation, is formed selective logical
Cross material.
Further, the metal is titanium, described to contain10The compound of B is titanium boride.
The step of preparation method（a）In, sintering process is to carry out under vacuo, and sintering temperature is more than 1000 DEG C.
The step of preparation method（c）In, heat-treatment process is to carry out under vacuo, and heat treatment temperature is 300-
800℃。
The metal of preparation method and10In the mixture of B simple substance/compound, with10B is counted,10The quality of B and mixture
Than for 0.1%-5%.
In the present invention, powdery metal and contain10The compound of B need to as far as possible avoid being introduced into other can be in neutron exposure
The element of life-stylize, with improve it is selective by material can use range.
In sum, as a result of above-mentioned technical proposal, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows：The present invention is solved238Pu is saturating
Helium resistance plutonium material prepares a difficult problem, ingenious utilization10B and this feature of neutron generation helium, tailor the exclusive logical of helium atom diffusion
Road, with excellent selectivity by performance, and preferably boron-doping titanium alloy causes preparation process each step condition easily to control
System, it is to avoid external process yield is low and the unstable weakness of quality, the present invention is also used as helium window material popularization and application
In238Alpha-decay isotope beyond Pu.
Specific embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification, or disclosed all methods or during the step of, except mutually exclusive
Feature and/or step beyond, can combine by any way.
Any feature disclosed in this specification, unless specifically stated otherwise, can be equivalent or with similar purpose by other
Alternative features are replaced.I.e., unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is an example in a series of equivalent or similar characteristics
.
The selectivity of the present invention has the passage passed through for helium by material on the material, the passage is by material
Jing neutron exposures produce helium, then the formation by helium release.
The raw material of the material is comprising the metal as base material and contains10Simple substance/the compound of B, and by following steps system
It is standby：
（a）By powdery metal and powder10B simple substance/compound mixing, by sintering matrix is obtained
（b）Gained matrix is carried out into neutron exposure；
（c）Matrix after neutron exposure is heated to discharge the helium of neutron exposure generation, formed.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, the selective raw material by material is titanium and contains10The titanium boride of B.The purity of titanium is more than
99.9%, powder, particle diameter is less than 10 microns, and titanium boride purity is more than 99.9%, and powder, particle diameter is less than 50 nanometers.By with
It is prepared by lower step：
（a）With in titanium boride10B Mass Calculations, according to10B mass ratioes are that 0.1% proportioning carries out titanium valve and titanium boride powder
Dispensing, is mixed using ball milling, and mixed material is put into equal pressing equipment by Ball-milling Time 2h, and equal pressing equipment operating pressure is
80Mpa, sinters in vacuum sintering furnace, and vacuum is 10-3Pa, sintering temperature is 1000 DEG C, and sintering time 2h obtains material
Matrix；
（b）Gained matrix is encapsulated in high-purity aluminium pot, sending in reactor channel carries out neutron exposure process, according to boron
Doping ratio and neutron flux rate, determine irradiation time, then pig cooling is put into after sample after irradiation is taken out, and cool time leads to
Cross the determination of γ dosage；
（c）The matrix that neutron exposure is processed is put in vacuum drying oven and is heated, to discharge neutron exposure generation
Helium, the vacuum of vacuum drying oven is 10-3Pa, 300 DEG C of heat treatment temperature, time 24h.
It is obtained and hinders the selectivity of plutonium by material with saturating helium, after testing saturating helium limiting equilibrium pressure is 8atm, and can meet makes
With.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, the selective raw material by material is titanium and contains10The titanium boride of B.The purity of titanium is more than
99.9%, powder, particle diameter is less than 10 microns, and titanium boride purity is more than 99.9%, and powder, particle diameter is less than 50 nanometers.By with
It is prepared by lower step：
（a）With in titanium boride10B is calculated, according to10B mass ratioes are the dispensing that 1% proportioning carries out titanium valve and titanium boride powder,
Mixed using ball milling, Ball-milling Time 2h, mixed material is put into into equal pressing equipment, equal pressing equipment operating pressure is 85Mpa, true
Sinter in empty sintering furnace, vacuum is 10-3Pa, sintering temperature is 1200 DEG C, and sintering time 2h obtains the matrix of material；
（b）Gained matrix is encapsulated in high-purity aluminium pot, sending in reactor channel carries out neutron exposure process, according to boron
Doping ratio and neutron flux rate, determine irradiation time, then pig cooling is put into after sample after irradiation is taken out, and cool time leads to
Cross the determination of γ dosage；
（c）The matrix that neutron exposure is processed is put in vacuum drying oven and is heated, to discharge neutron exposure generation
Helium, the vacuum of vacuum drying oven is more than 10-3Pa, 450 DEG C of heat treatment temperature, time 24h.
It is obtained and hinders the selectivity of plutonium by material with saturating helium, after testing saturating helium limiting equilibrium pressure is 4atm, and can meet makes
With.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, the selective raw material by material is titanium and contains10The boron simple substance of B.The purity of titanium is more than
99.9%, powder, particle diameter is less than 10 microns, and the purity of boron is more than 99.9%, and powder, particle diameter is less than 50 nanometers.By following
It is prepared by step：
（a）With in boron10B is calculated, according to10B mass ratioes are the dispensing that 5% proportioning carries out titanium valve and boron powder, using ball milling
Mix, Ball-milling Time 2h, mixed material is put into into equal pressing equipment, equal pressing equipment operating pressure is 100Mpa, in vacuum-sintering
Sinter in stove, vacuum is more than 10-3Pa, sintering temperature is 1300 DEG C, and sintering time 2h obtains the matrix of material；
（b）Gained matrix is encapsulated in high-purity aluminium pot, sending in reactor channel carries out neutron exposure process, according to boron
Doping ratio and neutron flux rate, determine irradiation time, then pig cooling is put into after sample after irradiation is taken out, and cool time leads to
Cross the determination of γ dosage；
（c）The matrix that neutron exposure is processed is put in vacuum drying oven and is heated, to discharge neutron exposure generation
Helium, the vacuum of vacuum drying oven is more than 10-3Pa, 800 DEG C of heat treatment temperature, time 24h.
It is obtained and hinders the selectivity of plutonium by material with saturating helium, after testing saturating helium limiting equilibrium pressure is 1.8atm, can be met
Use.
Embodiment 4
In the present embodiment, the selective raw material by material is titanium and contains10The titanium boride of B.The purity of titanium is more than
99.9%, powder, particle diameter is less than 10 microns, and titanium boride purity is more than 99.9%, and powder, particle diameter is less than 50 nanometers.By with
It is prepared by lower step：
（a）With in titanium boride10B is calculated, according to10B mass ratioes are that 0.05% proportioning carries out matching somebody with somebody for titanium valve and titanium boride powder
Material, is mixed, Ball-milling Time 2h using ball milling, and mixed material is put into into equal pressing equipment, and equal pressing equipment operating pressure is 80Mpa,
Sinter in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuum is 10-3Pa, sintering temperature is 1000 DEG C, and sintering time 2h obtains the matrix of material；
（b）Gained matrix is encapsulated in high-purity aluminium pot, sending in reactor channel carries out neutron exposure process, according to boron
Doping ratio and neutron flux rate, determine irradiation time, then pig cooling is put into after sample after irradiation is taken out, and cool time leads to
Cross the determination of γ dosage；
（c）The matrix that neutron exposure is processed is put in vacuum drying oven and is heated, to discharge neutron exposure generation
Helium, the vacuum of vacuum drying oven is 10-3Pa, 300 DEG C of heat treatment temperature, time 24h.
It is obtained and hinders the selectivity of plutonium by material with saturating helium, after testing saturating helium limiting equilibrium pressure is 12atm, due to adjustment
In raw material10The mass ratio of B, although the selectivity of the saturating helium resistance plutonium that also can be made by material, to performance compared to embodiment 1,
Embodiment 2 and embodiment 3, it is particularly poor compared to embodiment 1.
In addition, passing through on material, also to include to resulting materials based on the selectivity obtained by embodiment 1 to embodiment 4
The process being surface-treated（d）, according to use environment, the surface treatment process（d）Comprise the following steps：（1）It is super with acetone
Sound cleans saturating helium material sheet；（2）Cleaned with ultra-pure water, ultra-pure water resistivity is more than 2M Ω cm；（3）Using the nitrous of sulfuric acid two
Base Asia platinic acid system electroplating surface, temperature 40-60 DEG C, pH value 1-2, current density 1-3A/dm2, platinum THICKNESS CONTROL 3-5 μm, with
Improve selective by the antioxygenic property of material.
Embodiment 5
In the present embodiment, the selective raw material by material is platinum and contains10The titanium boride of B.The purity of platinum is more than
99.9%, powder, particle diameter is less than 10 microns, and titanium boride purity is more than 99.9%, and powder, particle diameter is less than 50 nanometers.By with
It is prepared by lower step：
（a）With in titanium boride10B is calculated, according to10B mass ratioes are that 0.1% proportioning carries out matching somebody with somebody for platinum powder and titanium boride powder
Material, is mixed, Ball-milling Time 2h using ball milling, and mixed material is put into into equal pressing equipment, and equal pressing equipment operating pressure is 80Mpa,
Sinter in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuum is 10-3Pa, sintering temperature is 1300 DEG C, and sintering time 2h obtains the matrix of material；
（b）Gained matrix is encapsulated in high-purity aluminium pot, sending in reactor channel carries out neutron exposure process, according to boron
Doping ratio and neutron flux rate, determine irradiation time, then pig cooling is put into after sample after irradiation is taken out, and cool time leads to
Cross the determination of γ dosage；
（c）The matrix that neutron exposure is processed is put in vacuum drying oven and is heated, to discharge neutron exposure generation
Helium, the vacuum of vacuum drying oven is more than 10-3Pa, 450 DEG C of heat treatment temperature, time 24h.
The prepared selectivity for hindering plutonium with saturating helium passes through material, and after testing saturating helium limiting equilibrium is pressed as 8.5atm, this enforcement
Example employs platinum as raw material metal, has also reached the saturating helium resistance plutonium effect close with titanium.
Embodiment 6
In the present embodiment, the selective raw material by material is palladium and contains10The titanium boride of B.The purity of palladium is more than
99.9%, powder, particle diameter is less than 10 microns, and titanium boride purity is more than 99.9%, and powder, particle diameter is less than 50 nanometers.By with
It is prepared by lower step：
（a）With in titanium boride10B is calculated, according to10B mass ratioes are that 0.1% proportioning carries out matching somebody with somebody for palladium powder and titanium boride powder
Material, is mixed, Ball-milling Time 2h using ball milling, and mixed material is put into into equal pressing equipment, and equal pressing equipment operating pressure is 80Mpa,
Sinter in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuum is 10-3Pa, sintering temperature is 1200 DEG C, and sintering time 2h obtains the matrix of material；
（b）Gained matrix is encapsulated in high-purity aluminium pot, sending in reactor channel carries out neutron exposure process, according to boron
Doping ratio and neutron flux rate, determine irradiation time, then pig cooling is put into after sample after irradiation is taken out, and cool time leads to
Cross the determination of γ dosage；
（c）The matrix that neutron exposure is processed is put in vacuum drying oven and is heated, to discharge neutron exposure generation
Helium, the vacuum of vacuum drying oven is more than 10-3Pa, 450 DEG C of heat treatment temperature, time 24h.
The prepared selectivity for hindering plutonium with saturating helium passes through material, and after testing saturating helium limiting equilibrium is pressed as 8.2 atm, this enforcement
Example employs palladium as raw material metal, has also reached the saturating helium resistance plutonium effect close with titanium.
Embodiment 7
In the present embodiment, the selective raw material by material is copper and contains10The boron oxide of B.The purity of copper is more than
99.9%, powder, particle diameter is less than 10 microns, and boron oxide purity is more than 99.9%, and powder, particle diameter is less than 50 nanometers.By with
It is prepared by lower step：
（a）With in boron oxide10B is calculated, according to10B mass ratioes are that 0.1% proportioning carries out matching somebody with somebody for copper powder and boron oxide powder
Material, is mixed, Ball-milling Time 2h using ball milling, and mixed material is put into into equal pressing equipment, and equal pressing equipment operating pressure is 80Mpa,
Sinter in vacuum sintering furnace, vacuum is 10-3Pa, sintering temperature is 700 DEG C, and sintering time 2h obtains the matrix of material；
（b）Gained matrix is encapsulated in high-purity aluminium pot, sending in reactor channel carries out neutron exposure process, according to boron
Doping ratio and neutron flux rate, determine irradiation time, then pig cooling is put into after sample after irradiation is taken out, and cool time leads to
Cross the determination of γ dosage；
（c）The matrix that neutron exposure is processed is put in vacuum drying oven and is heated, to discharge neutron exposure generation
Helium, the vacuum of vacuum drying oven is more than 10-3Pa, 450 DEG C of heat treatment temperature, time 24h.
The prepared selectivity for hindering plutonium with saturating helium passes through material, and after testing saturating helium limiting equilibrium is pressed as 8.2atm, this enforcement
Example employs copper as raw material metal, has also reached the saturating helium resistance plutonium effect close with platinum.
Contain when adopting10During the oxide of B, due to introducing oxygen so that activation can be produced during neutron exposure, is made
Obtain product and receive certain restriction in use.
The present invention is solved238The saturating helium resistance plutonium materials of Pu prepare a difficult problem, ingenious utilization10B and this feature of neutron generation helium,
The dedicated channel of helium atom diffusion is tailored, with excellent selectivity by performance, and preferably boron-doping titanium alloy is caused
Preparation process each step condition is easily controlled, it is to avoid external process yield is low and the unstable weakness of quality, and the present invention is also
Can be applied to as saturating helium window material238Alpha-decay isotope beyond Pu.
The invention is not limited in aforesaid specific embodiment.The present invention is expanded to and any in this manual disclosed
New feature or any new combination, and the arbitrary new method that discloses or the step of process or any new combination.
Claims (7)
- It is 1. selective to pass through material, it is characterised in that：There is the passage passed through for helium on the material, the passage is by material Jing neutron exposures produce helium, then are discharged by helium and formed, the raw material of the material comprising the Titanium as base material and Contain10Simple substance/the compound of B, and prepared by following steps：（a）By powdery metal titanium and powder10B simple substance/compound mixing, by sintering matrix is obtained；（b）Gained matrix is carried out into neutron exposure；（c）Matrix after neutron exposure is heated to discharge the helium of neutron exposure generation, is formed selective by material Material.
- 2. as claimed in claim 1 selective by material, it is characterised in that：It is described to contain10The compound of B is titanium boride.
- 3. as claimed in claim 1 selective by material, it is characterised in that：The step（a）In, sintering process is true Carry out under sky, sintering temperature is more than 1000 DEG C.
- 4. as claimed in claim 1 selective by material, it is characterised in that：The step（c）In, heat-treatment process is Carry out under vacuo, heat treatment temperature is 300-800 DEG C.
- 5. as claimed in claim 1 selective by material, it is characterised in that：The metal and10B simple substance/compound it is mixed In compound, with10B is counted,10B is 0.1%-5% with the mass ratio of mixture.
- 6. as claimed in claim 1 selective by material, it is characterised in that：Also include step（d）, the step（d）It is By step（c）The selectivity for obtaining is surface-treated by material.
- 7. the preparation method that a kind of selectivity passes through material, it is characterised in that：Comprise the steps of：（a）By powdery metal titanium and powder10The simple substance of B/titanium boride mixing, by sintering matrix is obtained；（b）Gained matrix is carried out into neutron exposure；（c）Matrix after neutron exposure is heated to discharge the helium of neutron exposure generation, is formed selective by material Material.
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