CN104932110A - Display device - Google Patents
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- CN104932110A CN104932110A CN201410103382.0A CN201410103382A CN104932110A CN 104932110 A CN104932110 A CN 104932110A CN 201410103382 A CN201410103382 A CN 201410103382A CN 104932110 A CN104932110 A CN 104932110A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
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Abstract
The invention relates to a display device. The display device comprises a display unit provided with a picture element layer; a backlight unit; and a modulation unit which is arranged between the display unit and the backlight unit and comprises a liquid crystal layer, wherein the liquid crystal layer comprises a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) or a polymer stabilized liquid crystal (PSLC).
Description
Technical field
The present invention about a kind of display device, the display device of espespecially a kind of changeable two dimension (2D), three-dimensional (3D) image.
Background technology
The mankind are through prospect that eyes see and perceive the image of real world.And the brain of the mankind can further according to eyes see two different angles prospect between space length difference and form so-called three-dimensional (3-dimension, 3D) image.Generally speaking, three-dimensional display apparatus is exactly the visual field of simulating human eyes different angles, and makes observer when watching two-dimentional show image, can be perceived as the display device of 3-dimensional image.
Current three-dimensional display apparatus is mainly divided into two classes, is automatic holographic display device (Auto-stereoscopic display) and non-automatic device for displaying stereoscopic images (Stereoscopic display) respectively.The user of automatic holographic display device additionally need not put on the glasses of special construction, just can find out 3 D stereoscopic image, is namely called nakedly to look 3-D technology.Otherwise another kind of non-automatic device for displaying stereoscopic images then needs user additionally to wear the glasses of specially made structure, just can see 3 D stereoscopic image.
Common automatic holographic display device, comprising: disparity barrier formula (parallax barrier) display device, spatial sequence formula (spatial sequential) display device and time series formula (time sequential) display device.Wherein, the principle of the display device of disparity barrier formula relies on lighttight disparity barrier, allow the right and left eyes of user see the image with parallax, and this parallax will form stereoscopic sensation in the brain.Spatial sequence formula display device is the pixel utilizing the disparity barrier do not operated in time to see different group by right and left eyes, and these two groups of pixels are given the signal of left eye and right eye respectively, and then allows two to see different images; Shortcoming is that resolution can decline.The display device of time series formula be utilize in time operation and and the synchronously driven disparity barrier of display panel, allow two under different time, see same group of pixel, and this group pixel is given the signal of left eye and right eye respectively under different time, and then two are allowed to see different images.
In recent years, demand for the display device presenting 3-dimensional image promotes gradually, based on the market demand, need the display device that one can switch two dimension (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) image at present badly, facilitate observer to select desiredly to view and admire pattern.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of display device, can switch to two dimension (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) image according to observer's demand.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of display device, comprising: a display unit, comprise a picture element layer; One back light unit; And a modulation unit, be arranged between this display unit and this back light unit, this modulation unit comprises a liquid crystal layer, and this liquid crystal layer comprises a high polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) or a high molecule steady liquid-crystal (PSLC).
In display device of the present invention, apply voltage by adjustment, make the light from back light unit, through the adjustment of liquid crystal layer, reach with the form of dispersing or penetrate and present two dimension (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) image.And, when comprising light guide plate and light-emitting component in back light unit, further candy strip can be set in light guide plate, by adjusting width and the spacing of candy strip, improve light guide plate light extraction efficiency unevenness, solve visual unevenness when watching display device simultaneously.And in the operation of device, can pass through adjustment and apply the type of electrode pattern in voltage swing, modulation unit and the haze value height etc. of liquid crystal layer, Effective Regulation bright dipping form, and then present two dimension (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) image.In addition, in the display device of side light inlet, on the surface of light guide plate, also reflection horizon can be set, reduce the light penetration reflected without candy strip in light guide plate and go out and waste, effectively increase light extraction efficiency.Or, when back light unit is with area source bright dipping, between liquid crystal layer and back light unit, also barrier layer can be set, in order to the light of selective masking from back light unit.Further, modulation unit can share substrate with display unit or modulation unit can share substrate with back light unit, reduces weight and the substrate cost of device.In sum, the image of the changeable two dimension of display device of the present invention (2D), three-dimensional (3D), can be applicable to any display device, such as: vehicle display, electronic game device, electrical home appliances display, instrument display, notebook computer etc., accordingly, display device of the present invention can facilitate observer to select desiredly to view and admire pattern, easily promotes and views and admires enjoyment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1A, Figure 1B are the display device schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 A, Fig. 2 B are the back light unit schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the display device schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the display device schematic diagram of the present invention's preferred embodiment again.
Fig. 5 A is the back light unit schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 B is the candy strip schematic diagram of the light guide plate of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 C is the liquid crystal layer schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 A to Fig. 6 C is the modulation cell schematics of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 D is the modulation cell schematics of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 A to Fig. 8 D is the modulation cell schematics of the present invention's preferred embodiment again.
Fig. 9 A is the back light unit schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 B is the candy strip schematic diagram of the light guide plate of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 C is the liquid crystal layer schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 A is the modulation cell schematics of the present invention's preferred embodiment again.
Figure 10 B is the modulation cell schematics of the another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
[symbol description]
1 display unit 252 first insulation course
11 first polarisation part 26 the 3rd conductive layers
12 first substrate 27 tetrabasals
13 picture element layer 28 the 4th conductive layers
131 pixel cell 29 the 5th substrate
14 second substrate 3 back light units
15 second polarisation part 31 light-emitting components
2 modulation unit 32 light guide plate
21 the 3rd substrate 321 first surfaces
211 second insulation course 322 second surfaces
22 first conductive layer 33 driver elements
221 exiting surface 4 voltage supply unit
23 liquid crystal layer 5 candy strips
231 first district 51 first ends
232 second district 52 second ends
233 the 3rd district 6 barrier layers
234 liquid crystal cells 71,72 reflection horizon
235 space 81 negative electrodes
236 two-dimentional district 82 anodes
24 second conductive layer 83 data lines
241 bar element 84 sweep traces
25 tetrabasal B spacing
251 incidence surface D distances
W1, W2, W3, A width
Embodiment
Below by way of particular specific embodiment, embodiments of the present invention are described, the personage being familiar with this skill can understand other advantages of the present invention and effect easily by content disclosed in the present specification.The present invention is also implemented by other different specific embodiments or is applied, and the every details in this instructions also for different viewpoints and application, can carry out various modification and change under not departing from the spirit of this creation.
[embodiment 1]
Please refer to Figure 1A, it is display device schematic diagram of the present invention.Display device comprises: display unit 1, modulation unit 2 and back light unit 3, modulation unit 2 is arranged between display unit 1 and back light unit 3.Display unit 1 sequentially comprises: the first polarisation part 11, first substrate 12, picture element layer 13, second substrate 14 and the second polarisation part 15; Modulation unit 2 sequentially comprises: the 3rd substrate 21, first conductive layer 22, liquid crystal layer 23, second conductive layer 24, tetrabasal 25 and barrier layer 6; And back light unit 3 comprises: light-emitting component 31 and light guide plate 32, light-emitting component 31 is arranged at the dual-side of light guide plate 32.
In the present invention, display unit 1 is not limited, such as, can be common liquid crystal display (LCD) or organic light-emitting diode display unit (OLED).Wherein, picture element layer 13 comprises multiple pixel cell 131, and when display unit 1 is liquid crystal display, then multiple pixel cell 131 comprises its drive electrode, driving circuit, on-off element, passive device, colored filter or liquid crystal.At this, be comprise the situation of six sub-pixel cell as example with a pixel cell 131; But the present invention is not limited to this, as long as pixel cell 131 comprises the sub-pixel cell of more than three, the object of the display device of the present embodiment can be reached.
High polymer dispersed liquid crystal (polymer dispersedliquid crystal, PDLC) or high molecule steady liquid-crystal (polymer stabilized liquidcrystal, PSLC) is comprised in the liquid crystal layer 23 of modulation unit 2; High polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) is dispersed in high molecular polymerization network for the liquid crystal droplet of tool optics aeolotropic (opticalanisotropy).High molecule steady liquid-crystal (PSLC) is also for the liquid crystal of tool optics aeolotropic is dispersed in the macromolecule of relatively low concentration, and general high molecule steady liquid-crystal adopts cholesterol liquid crystal, the bistable characteristic of on state of and dark-state two states can be had under nothing executes alive environment.In this embodiment, high polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) is comprised in the liquid crystal layer 23 of modulation unit 2, by applying voltage, the index matching relation in adjustable liquid crystal layer 23 between liquid crystal and macromolecule, modulation sends with scattering or the form that penetrates from the light of back light unit 3.
The material of barrier layer 6 can be the material of any prior art black matrix", also can be the metal material with satisfactory electrical conductivity; And the structure of barrier layer 6 is generally paliform vertical bar structure, for the light of selective masking from back light unit 3.Accordingly, there is no particular restriction for the setting position of barrier layer 6; In the present embodiment, barrier layer 6 is arranged between liquid crystal layer 23 and back light unit 3, on the incidence surface (contiguous back light unit 3 side) of tetrabasal 25, and other setting positions can be known by inference easily by those skilled in the art, such as: on the incidence surface of the second conductive layer 24 of modulation unit 2; The bottom surface of the light guide plate 32 of back light unit 3 is first-class.
Further, back light unit 3 is not limited, only needs to emit beam, and provide light sequentially to arrive at modulation unit 2, display unit 1, last to observer's eyes, therefore, back light unit 3 can be the luminophor of any prior art; There is provided bright dark staggered lighting kenel compared with Canon, namely meaning can send the luminophor of the non-planar light such as point-like, wire, such as: the active-matrix of Organic Light Emitting Diode or passive-matrix; But if can send the area source of uneven brightness, it presents bright dark staggered visual effect, also can be applicable to the present invention.In this embodiment, back light unit 3 comprises light-emitting component 31 and light guide plate 32, and the light that light-emitting component 31 sends is to light guide plate 32 bright dipping again.Light-emitting component 31 can be made up of multiple light emitting diode (LED), is applied to the present invention with single-sided illumination, bilateral light inlet, whole light inlet; In this embodiment, light-emitting component 31 is arranged at the dual-side of light guide plate 32, luminous with the form of bilateral light inlet.
In addition, in display device of the present invention, first substrate 12, second substrate 14, the 3rd substrate 21, tetrabasal 25, first polarisation part 11, second polarisation part 15 and light guide plate 32 all use general prior art material, substrate and light guide plate can be the high transparent material of penetrability, such as glass, plastics, acryl etc.; Polarisation part can be the rete in adjustment light polar biased direction, such as polyvinyl alcohol film (PVA), three cellulose acetate membrane (TAC) etc.; No longer be described in detail in this.In this embodiment, first substrate 12 is colored filter (CF) glass substrate, second substrate 14 is thin film transistor (TFT) (TFT) glass substrate.
In the present invention, the material of the first conductive layer 22, second conductive layer 24 conductive layer can be the conventional electrode material of the art, as indium tin oxide (ITO), indium-zinc oxide (Indium ZincOxide, or other transparent conductive film materials (transparent conduc tive oxide, TCO) etc. IZO).Conductive layer is patterning by exposure imaging technology, can be the pattern of the forms such as plane inner switching type (IPS), fringe field switch type pattern (FFS), stable twisted nematic (TN), vertical orientation type (VA), in order to regulate and control light type and viewing angle distribution.
In display device of the present invention, by applying voltage (as Figure 1A, Figure 1B, voltage supply unit 4) adjustment from the light of back light unit 3 by the state of modulation unit 2, please refer to Figure 1A, starting potential (the threshold voltage of liquid crystal layer 23 is less than at the voltage applied, Vth) or under not executing alive situation, from the light (as shown by arrows) of back light unit 3 after the liquid crystal layer 23 of modulation unit 2, light arrives at display unit 1 with scattering form and sends, makes observer receive the flat image of two dimension (2D); On the other hand, please refer to Figure 1B, executing in alive situation, from the light (as shown by arrows) of back light unit 3 after liquid crystal layer 23, light arrives at display unit 1 send to penetrate form, makes observer receive the stereopsis of three-dimensional (3D).Accordingly, display device of the present invention effectively can switch the image of two dimension (2D), three-dimensional (3D), can be applicable to any display device, such as: vehicle display, electronic game device, electrical home appliances display, instrument display, notebook computer etc., facilitate observer to select desiredly to view and admire pattern, easily promote and view and admire enjoyment.
Wherein, the distance between the picture element layer 13 of display unit 1 and back light unit 3 is preferably 0.5 to 4mm; Distance when between picture element layer 13 and back light unit 3 is when above-mentioned scope, and observer can obtain the preferably quality of image.In this embodiment, observer's eyes to display unit 1 the better following equation 1 of distance (D) shown in:
[equation 1]
Wherein, eye represents observer's eyes distance, and SPP represents the spacing (pitch) of sub-pixel cell, and LC represents the distance of light by liquid crystal layer, n
lCrepresent the refractive index of liquid crystal layer, TFT1 represents the thickness of second substrate (in this for there being thin film transistor (TFT) glass substrate), n
tFTrepresent the refractive index of second substrate, pol.2 represents the thickness of the second polarisation part, n
pol. represent the refractive index of second substrate, air represents the distance between display unit and modulation unit, n
airrepresent the refractive index of air, PDLC is expressed as the thickness of liquid crystal layer, n
pDLCrepresent the refractive index of liquid crystal layer.
Illustrate: when observer's eyes are at a distance of 32.5mm, when picture element layer 13 and back light unit 3 are at a distance of 0.8386mm, observer's eyes are 60mm to the distance (D) of display unit 1; When picture element layer 13 and back light unit 3 are at a distance of 2.5036mm, observer's eyes are 3313mm to the distance (D) of display unit 1.Or when observer's eyes are at a distance of 65mm, when picture element layer 13 and back light unit 3 are at a distance of 0.8386mm, observer's eyes are 120mm to the distance (D) of display unit 1; When picture element layer 13 and back light unit 3 are at a distance of 2.5036mm, observer's eyes are 6727mm to the distance (D) of display unit 1.Describe in detail, each value substituted in equation 1 is listed in the table below 1:
[table 1]
[embodiment 2]
For the back light unit in display device of the present invention, be described in detail as follows.Refer to Fig. 2 A, Fig. 2 B, it is two kinds of enforcement aspects back light unit 3 being provided with multiple candy strip 5 and reflection horizon 71,72.Wherein, back light unit 3 comprises light-emitting component 31 and light guide plate 32, light-emitting component 31 is arranged at the dual-side (incidence surface) of light guide plate 32, light guide plate has first surface 321 (exiting surface) and relative second surface 322 (bottom surface), and first surface 321 is adjacent to modulation unit (not shown), the second surface 322 of light guide plate 32 is provided with multiple candy strip 5; As shown in Figure 2 A, reflection horizon 71 can be arranged on second surface 322 and to cover second surface 322 and multiple candy strip 5; Or as shown in Figure 2 B, reflection horizon 72 only can be arranged on multiple candy strip 5 and to cover multiple candy strip 5.
At this, the material of multiple candy strip 5 there is no particular restriction, can be any material that can destroy total reflection situation and occur; For example, the material of multiple candy strip 5 can be by titania (TiO
2) compound substance that formed with ink or photoresistance.In addition, reflection horizon 71,72 metal levels that can be single or multiple lift structure, are preferably the rete with highly reflective, such as silver (Ag) or aluminium (Al) layer.But the present invention is not limited to this.Moreover in the present embodiment, multiple candy strip 5 is directly arranged in light guide plate 32; But, also can form groove in light guide plate 32, then in the groove that multiple candy strip 5 is embedded at.
Thus, the light sent by light-emitting component 31, some light (as shown in solid arrow) arrives at multiple candy strip 5 and is sent toward first surface 321 by reflection, some light (as the dotted line arrows) penetrates second surface 322 and by reflection horizon 71,72 reflections send toward first surface 321, the light penetration reflected without candy strip 5 can be reduced go out second surface 322 and waste, effectively increase light extraction efficiency.
[embodiment 3]
Refer to Fig. 3, it is the display device schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention; Show display unit 1 in the present embodiment to be combined with modulation unit 2 and can to omit and arrange a substrate, describe in detail, display unit 1 sequentially comprises: the first polarisation part 11, first substrate 12, picture element layer 13 and second substrate 14, modulation unit 2 sequentially comprises: the first conductive layer 22, liquid crystal layer 23, second conductive layer 24, tetrabasal 25 and the second polarisation part 15; Accordingly, display unit 1 and modulation unit 2 use second substrate 14 jointly, and the 3rd substrate 21 be contained in embodiment 1 in modulation unit 2 can be omitted, and reduce weight and the substrate cost of device.In addition, the back light unit 3 in the present embodiment is identical with Fig. 2 A, at this no longer repeated description.
In this embodiment, display unit 1 is liquid crystal display (LCD), and the part ultraviolet light entered by the incident side of display unit 1 can be stopped by the second polarisation part 15, and the liquid crystal structure of not easily deteriorated modulation unit 2 and display unit 1.In addition, when patterning first conductive layer 22 and the second conductive layer 24 by exposure imaging technology, because modulation unit 2 is contained in display unit 1, is beneficial to and aims at display unit 1, and then be beneficial to light type and viewing angle distribution designs.
Wherein, identical with embodiment 1, the distance between the picture element layer 13 of display unit 1 and back light unit 3 is preferably 0.5 to 4mm; Distance when between picture element layer 13 and back light unit 3 is when above-mentioned scope, and observer can obtain the preferably quality of image.In this embodiment, observer's eyes to display unit 1 the better following equation 2 of distance (D) shown in:
[equation 2]
Wherein, eye, SPP, LC, n
lC, TFT1, n
tFT, pol.2, n
pol., air, n
air, PDLC and n
pDLCdefine identical with equation 1, LGP represents the thickness of light guide plate, n
lGPrepresent the refractive index of light guide plate.
Illustrate: when observer's eyes are at a distance of 32.5mm, when picture element layer 13 and back light unit 3 are at a distance of 1.3386mm, observer's eyes are 120mm to the distance (D) of display unit 1; When picture element layer 13 and back light unit 3 are at a distance of 3.2036mm, observer's eyes are 4155mm to the distance (D) of display unit 1.Or when observer's eyes are at a distance of 65mm, when picture element layer 13 and back light unit 3 are at a distance of 1.3386mm, observer's eyes are 242mm to the distance (D) of display unit 1; When picture element layer 13 and back light unit 3 are at a distance of 3.2036mm, observer's eyes are 8312mm to the distance (D) of display unit 1.Describe in detail, each value substituted in equation 2 is listed in the table below 2:
[table 2]
[embodiment 4]
Refer to Fig. 4, it is the display device schematic diagram of yet another embodiment of the invention; Show modulation unit 2 in the present embodiment to be combined with back light unit 3 and can to omit and arrange a substrate, describe in detail, modulation unit 2 sequentially comprises: the 3rd substrate 21, first conductive layer 22, liquid crystal layer 23 and the second conductive layer 24, and back light unit 3 is identical with described in Fig. 2 A; Accordingly, modulation unit 2 has incidence surface 251 and relative exiting surface 221, and back light unit 3 is attached on incidence surface 251.Therefore, the tetrabasal 25 be contained in embodiment 1 in modulation unit 2 can be omitted, and shares the light guide plate 32 of back light unit 3, reduces weight and the substrate cost of device.In addition, the display unit 1 in the present embodiment is identical with embodiment 1, at this no longer repeated description.
Wherein, identical with embodiment 1, the distance between the picture element layer 13 of display unit 1 and back light unit 3 is preferably 0.5 to 4mm; Distance when between picture element layer 13 and back light unit 3 is when above-mentioned scope, and observer can obtain the preferably quality of image.In this embodiment, observer's eyes are better also as above shown in equation 2 to the distance (D) of display unit 1.Illustrate: when observer's eyes are at a distance of 32.5mm, when picture element layer 13 and back light unit 3 are at a distance of 1.8386mm, observer's eyes are 164mm to the distance (D) of display unit 1; When picture element layer 13 and back light unit 3 are at a distance of 3.6036mm, observer's eyes are 4636mm to the distance (D) of display unit 1.Or when observer's eyes are at a distance of 65mm, when picture element layer 13 and back light unit 3 are at a distance of 1.8386mm, observer's eyes are 329mm to the distance (D) of display unit 1; When picture element layer 13 and back light unit 3 are at a distance of 3.6036mm, observer's eyes are 9275mm to the distance (D) of display unit 1.Describe in detail, each value substituted in equation 2 is listed in the table below 3:
[table 3]
[embodiment 5]
For the back light unit in display device of the present invention and liquid crystal layer, be described in detail as follows.Refer to Fig. 5 A, it is schematic diagram light guide plate 32 being provided with multiple candy strip 5, and light-emitting component 31 is arranged at the dual-side of light guide plate 32; Wherein, as shown in Figure 5 B, each candy strip 5 has first end 51 and the second relative end 52, and the width of first end 51 is W1, and the width of the second end 52 is W2, and candy strip 5 has central width W 3.In this embodiment, W1 is less than W3 and W2 is also less than W3.Therefore, the candy strip of light guide plate of the present invention, in having less width near the first end 51 of light-emitting component 31 and the second end 52, and in the middle section away from light-emitting component 31, there is larger width W 3, the light guide plate pattern of this kind of particular design, under can improving prior art double side light inlet situation, the middle section light extraction efficiency that equal width pattern causes is not good, makes entirety go out light intensity uniform.
Further, refer to Fig. 5 C, liquid crystal layer coordinates with light guide plate, liquid crystal layer 23 can be divided into the width corresponding to first end 51 is first district 231 of W1, the width that corresponds to the second end 52 is W2 the second district 232 and correspond to the 3rd district 233 of central width W 3.Accordingly, visual unevenness when watching display device to solve, the first district 232 of district 231, second corresponding to W1, W2 that candy strip 5 width is less, because candy strip 5 two ends spacing is comparatively large, the first district 232 of district 231, second of liquid crystal layer 23 can be designed to the higher region of haze value (haze value); On the contrary, the central width W 3 of candy strip 5 is comparatively large, and because the central spacing of candy strip 5 is less, the 3rd district 233 of corresponding liquid crystal layer 23 can be designed to the lower region of haze value (haze value).
[embodiment 6]
For modulation unit 2, refer to Fig. 6 A ~ Fig. 6 C, it is the schematic diagram that modulation unit 2 sequentially comprises the 3rd substrate 21, first conductive layer 22, liquid crystal layer 23, second conductive layer 24 and tetrabasal 25, wherein, liquid crystal layer 23 comprises multiple liquid crystal cells 234, first conductive layer 22, second conductive layer 24 lays respectively at two surfaces of liquid crystal layer 23, in other words, liquid crystal layer 23 is between the first conductive layer 22 and the second conductive layer 24, first conductive layer 22 is as whole electrode, and the second conductive layer 24 patterned formation plane inner switching type (IPS) pattern, it comprises multiple bar element 241, (namely the summation of the width A of each bar element 241 and the spacing B of described bar element 241 is less than the minimum widith of candy strip in light guide plate, the first width W 1 or the second width W 2 that embodiment 5 illustrates), i.e. A+B < W1 or A+B < W2.Wherein, COM represents electrode common voltage signal, and symbol+or-corresponding common voltage signal of expression electrode voltage signal are positive polarity or negative polarity.In addition, those skilled in the art are known: back light unit not necessarily will be arranged on the position being adjacent to the second conductive layer 24, and back light unit also can be arranged on the position being adjacent to the first conductive layer 22.
[embodiment 7]
For another aspect of modulation unit 2, refer to Fig. 7 A ~ Fig. 7 D, it is the schematic diagram that modulation unit 2 sequentially comprises the 3rd substrate 21, first conductive layer 22, liquid crystal layer 23, second conductive layer 24, first insulation course 252, the 3rd conductive layer 26 and tetrabasal 27; Wherein, liquid crystal layer 23 comprises multiple liquid crystal cells 234, first conductive layer 22, second conductive layer 24 lays respectively at two surfaces of liquid crystal layer 23, in other words, liquid crystal layer 23 is between the first conductive layer 22 and the second conductive layer 24, also arrange the 3rd conductive layer 26, insulation course in the second conductive layer 24 side between the second conductive layer 24 and the 3rd conductive layer 26, the second conductive layer 24 and the 3rd conductive layer 26 electrically can independently control.First conductive layer 22 and the 3rd conductive layer 26 are all as whole electrode, and the second conductive layer 24 patterned formation fringe field switch type (FFS) pattern, it comprises multiple bar element 241, (namely the summation of the width A of each bar element 241 and the spacing B of described bar element 241 is less than the minimum widith of candy strip in light guide plate, the first width W 1 or the second width W 2 that embodiment 5 illustrates), i.e. A+B < W1 or A+B < W2.Wherein, COM represents electrode common voltage signal, and symbol+or-corresponding common voltage signal of expression electrode voltage signal are positive polarity or negative polarity.In addition, those skilled in the art are known: back light unit not necessarily will be arranged on the position being adjacent to the 3rd conductive layer 26, and back light unit also can be arranged on the position being adjacent to the first conductive layer 22.
[embodiment 8]
For an aspect again of modulation unit 2, refer to Fig. 8 A ~ Fig. 8 D, it is the schematic diagram that modulation unit 2 sequentially comprises the 5th substrate 29, the 4th conductive layer 28, second insulation course 211, first conductive layer 22, liquid crystal layer 23, second conductive layer 24, first insulation course 252, the 3rd conductive layer 26 and tetrabasal 27; Wherein, liquid crystal layer 23 comprises multiple liquid crystal cells 234, first conductive layer 22, second conductive layer 24 lays respectively at two surfaces of liquid crystal layer 23, in other words, liquid crystal layer 23 is between the first conductive layer 22 and the second conductive layer 24, also arrange the 3rd conductive layer 26, insulation course in the second conductive layer 24 side between the second conductive layer 24 and the 3rd conductive layer 26, the second conductive layer 24 and the 3rd conductive layer 26 electrically can independently control.Also arrange the 4th conductive layer 28 in the first conductive layer 22 side, another insulation course is between the first conductive layer 22 and the 4th conductive layer 28, and the first conductive layer 22 and the 4th conductive layer 28 electrically can independently control.3rd conductive layer 26 and the 4th conductive layer 28 are all as whole electrode, and the first conductive layer 22 and all patterned formation fringe field switch type (FFS) pattern of the second conductive layer 24 and comprise multiple bar element respectively, (namely the summation of the width A of each bar element and the spacing B of described bar element is less than the minimum widith of candy strip in light guide plate, the first width W 1 or the second width W 2 that embodiment 5 illustrates), i.e. A+B < W1 or A+B < W2.Wherein, COM represents electrode common voltage signal, and symbol+or-corresponding common voltage signal of expression electrode voltage signal are positive polarity or negative polarity.In addition, those skilled in the art are known: back light unit not necessarily will be arranged on the position being adjacent to the 3rd conductive layer 26, and back light unit also can be arranged on the position being adjacent to the 4th conductive layer 28.
In above-described embodiment 6 ~ 8, as shown in Fig. 6 A, Fig. 7 A, Fig. 8 A, when (namely display device maintains equipotential state, present the battery saving mode of bidimensional image) time, liquid crystal molecule direction Arbitrary distribution in liquid crystal cells 234, light (as shown by arrows) is scattering state by liquid crystal layer 23, therefore, what send is by force light scattering, presents high haze value, as shown in Fig. 6 B, Fig. 7 B, Fig. 8 B, when display device in vertical electric field state (namely, present 3-dimensional image) time, liquid crystal molecule in liquid crystal cells 234 is all in vertical distribution, light (as shown by arrows) by liquid crystal layer 23 in penetrating state, therefore, what send is light scattering low, presents low haze value, and as shown in Figure 6 C: when display device in level and vertical electric field state (namely, present bidimensional image) time, or as Fig. 7 C, shown in Fig. 8 C: when display device in FFS level and vertical electric field state (namely, present a kind of aspect of bidimensional image) time, or as Fig. 7 D, shown in Fig. 8 D: when display device is at edge and plane inner switching type (Fringe and in-planeswitch, FIS) level and vertical electric field state are (namely, present the another kind of aspect of bidimensional image) time, liquid crystal molecule part in liquid crystal cells 234 is in vertical, part is in level, and part is in tilt distribution, light (as shown by arrows) is partial penetration by liquid crystal layer 23, section dissipates state, therefore, the scattering of the light sent and haze value change along with the width A of each bar element and the spacing B of described bar element.
Thus, the time returning back to stable state due to PDLC liquid crystal layer release voltage is long, two dimension of the present invention or 3-dimensional image all take the operator scheme (pre-charge) of pre-applied voltage, voltage-operated interval is built between lower slightly starting potential and operating voltage, is conducive to the switch speed promoting two dimension and 3-dimensional image.And during when being still in bidimensional image for a long time or without the need to switching to 3-dimensional image fast, then can enter the battery saving mode presenting bidimensional image by release voltage, amplify voltage-operated interval to reduce device energy-wasting.
Accordingly, via embodiment 5 ~ 8, mode of operation of can illustrating is as follows:
When applying identical voltage for the firstth district of liquid crystal layer, the secondth district and the 3rd district, present the region of low haze value, the electrode separation (that is, the spacing B of bar element) should arranging in pairs or groups less or larger electrode width (that is, the width A of bar element); On the contrary, present the region of high haze value, the electrode separation (that is, the spacing B of bar element) should arranging in pairs or groups larger or less electrode width (that is, the width A of bar element); Or
At fixed electorde width (namely, the width A of bar element) and electrode separation is (namely, the spacing B of bar element) when, the liquid crystal layer region presenting low haze value should apply higher vertical direction electric field (both sides electrode voltage difference is larger), and the liquid crystal layer region presenting high haze value should apply lower vertical direction electric field (both sides electrode voltage difference is less).
In addition, except with except electrode pattern adjustment liquid crystal layer haze value, the mode of uneven exposure also can be used to reach the liquid crystal layer with different haze value.Such as, with ultraviolet light from liquid crystal layer towards irradiation, above liquid crystal layer, place a shielding (or rete), this shielding has uneven penetrability or the dark images of nonhomogeneous density; Thus, after UV-irradiation, the corresponding high-transmittance of shielding or the liquid crystal layer region in high density dark images region, because being subject to the action of ultraviolet light of higher-energy, can form higher haze value; On the contrary, the corresponding low light transmission of shielding or the liquid crystal layer region in low-density dark images region, because being subject to more low-energy action of ultraviolet light, can form lower haze value.Or, with ultraviolet light from liquid crystal layer towards irradiation, above liquid crystal layer, place convex lens (or projection), by the optically focused characteristic of convex lens, can cause that central optical intensity is higher and two ends light intensity is lower, and also can form the liquid crystal layer with different haze value.Moreover, can illustrate as: irradiating from liquid crystal layer dual-side with ultraviolet light, above liquid crystal layer, place reflection horizon, utilize ultraviolet light to arrive at reflection horizon and reflex to liquid crystal layer, by adjustment ultraviolet light exit positions, reflection horizon angle, the liquid crystal layer with different haze value also can be formed.
[embodiment 9]
For another aspect of back light unit in display device of the present invention, please refer to Fig. 9 A ~ Fig. 9 C, be described in detail as follows.As shown in Figure 9 A, when light-emitting component 31 is only arranged at a side of light guide plate 32; Multiple candy strips 5 that light guide plate 32 is arranged, as shown in Figure 9 B, each candy strip 5 has first end 51 and the second relative end 52, and the width of first end 51 is W1, and the width of the second end 52 is W2, and candy strip 5 has central width W 3.In this embodiment, W1 is less than W3 and W3 is less than W2.Therefore, the candy strip of light guide plate of the present invention, less width is had in the first end 51 near light-emitting component 31, and in the second end 52 away from light-emitting component 31, there is larger width W 2, the light guide plate pattern of this kind of particular design, under can improving prior art single side light inlet situation, the region light extraction efficiency away from light-emitting component that equal width pattern causes is not good.
Liquid crystal layer coordinates with light guide plate, refer to Fig. 9 C, identical with described in embodiment 5, liquid crystal layer 23 can be divided into the first district 232 of district 231, second and the 3rd district 233, and visual unevenness during in order to solve viewing display device, the spacing size of better with the corresponding candy strip 5 of haze value (haze value) height in the first district 232 of district 231, second and the 3rd district 233 is directly proportional, with the width W 1 of candy strip 5, W2, W3 are inversely proportional to.In other words, when the spacing of candy strip 5 is comparatively large, width is less, corresponding liquid crystal layer region is better has high haze value; On the contrary, when the spacing of candy strip 5 is less, width is larger, corresponding liquid crystal layer region is better has low haze value.Liquid crystal layer subregion is herein also unrestricted, and its number of partitions also can be 2,4,5 ... Deng other integers.
[embodiment 10]
Or the multiple conductive layers in modulation unit 2 can form an active-matrix or a passive-matrix.Be the schematic diagram of passive-matrix as shown in Figure 10 A, it has parallel strip negative electrode 81, organic layer (not shown) and parallel strip anode 82, and negative electrode 81 is mutually orthogonal with anode 82, forms driver element 33 at each infall; The schematic diagram of active-matrix is depicted as another Figure 10 B, it has planar negative electrode, organic layer and planar anode (not shown), and planar anode is covered with thin film transistor (TFT) (TFT) array, wherein comprise data line 83 (data line) and sweep trace 84 (scan line), in order to control each driver element 33.In the case, utilize active-matrix or passive-matrix to reach the different fogging degrees of liquid crystal layer 23, effectively can reach the effect simultaneously presenting two-dimentional district 235 and space 236.
Above-described embodiment is citing for convenience of description only, and the interest field that the present invention advocates from should being as the criterion with described in claim, but not is only limitted to above-described embodiment.
Claims (18)
1. a display device, is characterized in that comprising:
One display unit, comprises a picture element layer;
One back light unit; And
One modulation unit, is arranged between this display unit and this back light unit;
Wherein, this modulation unit comprises a liquid crystal layer and multiple conductive layer, and this liquid crystal layer is between described multiple conductive layer, and this liquid crystal layer comprises a polymer dispersion type liquid crystal or a stabilizing polymer type liquid crystal.
2. display device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, this back light unit, comprise: a light-emitting component and a light guide plate, the light that this light-emitting component sends is to this light guide plate, this light guide plate has a first surface and a relative second surface, and this first surface is adjacent to this modulation unit, and this second surface of this light guide plate is provided with multiple candy strip.
3. display device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, this second surface of this light guide plate is provided with a reflection horizon, and this reflection horizon covers this second surface and described multiple candy strip.
4. display device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the plurality of candy strip is provided with a reflection horizon, and this reflection horizon covers the plurality of candy strip.
5. display device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described multiple conductive layer one of them be whole electrode.
6. display device as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described multiple conductive layer one of them be patterned electrodes, comprise multiple bar element.
7. display device as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, an insulation course is between described whole between electrode and patterned electrodes.
8. display device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, this light-emitting component is arranged at single side or the double side of this light guide plate.
9. display device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, this light-emitting component is arranged at the double side of this light guide plate, each candy strip has a first end and one second relative end, the width of this first end is one first width, the width of this second end is one second width, and each candy strip has a central width; Wherein, this first width and this second width are less than this central width respectively.
10. display device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, this light-emitting component is arranged at the single side of this light guide plate, and each candy strip has a first end and one second relative end, the width of this first end is one first width, and the width of this second end is one second width; Wherein, this first width is less than this second width.
11. display devices as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, this liquid crystal layer has one first district, one second district and one the 3rd district, and the haze value in this firstth district, this secondth district and the 3rd district is inverse ratio with this first width, this second width and this central width respectively.
12. display devices as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, this liquid crystal layer has one first district, one second district, and the haze value in this firstth district and this secondth district is inverse ratio with this first width and this second width respectively.
13. display devices as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, this conductive layer be located on this second surface comprises multiple bar element, and the haze value in the width of each bar element and this firstth district, this secondth district and the 3rd district is inverse ratio.
14. display devices as claimed in claim 10, is characterized in that, this conductive layer be located on this second surface comprises multiple bar element, and the haze value in the width of each bar element and this firstth district and this secondth district is inverse ratio.
15. display devices as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, this light that this light-emitting component sends is to this light guide plate to provide an area source, and this back light unit also comprises a barrier layer, is arranged at this first surface of this light guide plate.
16. display devices as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, this light that this light-emitting component sends is to this light guide plate to provide an area source, and this modulation unit also comprises a barrier layer, is arranged between this liquid crystal layer and this back light unit.
17. display devices as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the distance between this picture element layer and this back light unit in this display unit is between 0.5mm to 4mm.
18. display devices as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, this display unit and this modulation unit use a substrate jointly.
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