CN104931342A - Multifunctional high-temperature stretching clamp - Google Patents
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种多功能高温拉伸夹具，该夹具包括上夹具和下夹具，上夹具包括上夹块(1)，以及设置在其上方的上拉杆(2)，上拉杆(2)为螺纹杆，上夹块(1)下部设有一插槽，该插槽包括底部引槽(7)和与其连接的夹持槽(6)，夹持槽(6)底部和顶部还设有向外侧延伸的延伸槽(5)，待测试样从侧面放入夹持槽(6)中，与上端部连接的棒体卡入引槽(7)中，实验时，通过夹持槽(6)底部对待测试样上端部施加拉力。下夹块(3)的结构与所述上夹块(1)相同或不同。与现有技术相比，本发明适用于多种场合，不会对零件造成损伤，使用方便、结构简单，能实现试样快速夹持与取出。
The invention relates to a multi-functional high-temperature tensile clamp, which comprises an upper clamp and a lower clamp, the upper clamp comprises an upper clamp block (1), and an upper pull rod (2) arranged above it, and the upper pull rod (2) is a screw thread Rod, the lower part of the upper clamping block (1) is provided with a slot, the slot includes a bottom guide groove (7) and a clamping groove (6) connected thereto, and the bottom and top of the clamping groove (6) are also provided with outwardly extending The extension groove (5), the sample to be tested is put into the holding groove (6) from the side, and the rod connected to the upper end is snapped into the introduction groove (7). Apply tension to the upper end of the test sample. The structure of the lower clamping block (3) is the same as or different from that of the upper clamping block (1). Compared with the prior art, the present invention is suitable for various occasions, does not cause damage to parts, is convenient to use, has a simple structure, and can quickly clamp and take out samples.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种拉伸夹具，尤其是涉及一种多功能高温拉伸夹具。The invention relates to a stretching fixture, in particular to a multifunctional high-temperature stretching fixture.
背景技术Background technique
高温拉伸是静态拉伸中一种重要的试验方法，它更能够真实反映试样在实际工作状态下的力学性能特性。现有技术通常是用上下带有螺纹孔的夹具将试样固定住，然后在一定温度下进行拉伸试验。High-temperature tension is an important test method in static tension, and it can more truly reflect the mechanical properties of the sample under actual working conditions. In the prior art, the sample is usually fixed by clamps with threaded holes up and down, and then the tensile test is carried out at a certain temperature.
在高温拉伸实际操作中存在以下问题：In the actual operation of high temperature stretching, there are the following problems:
1)带有螺纹的标准棒状试样与上下夹具通过螺纹联接，操作不便，旋转过程中有时会将试样弄坏；1) The standard bar-shaped sample with threads is connected to the upper and lower clamps through threads, which is inconvenient to operate and sometimes damages the sample during rotation;
2)对于铝、铜等硬度较低的材料，在高温拉伸以后由于变形，取下来有一定难度，有时试样断在螺纹里面，不便于取样；2) For materials with low hardness such as aluminum and copper, it is difficult to remove due to deformation after high-temperature stretching. Sometimes the sample is broken in the thread, which is not convenient for sampling;
3)在非对称轴(即试验机上下夹具不在同一条直线上)的特殊情况下，由于试样会受到一定的侧向力，该侧向力与拉伸力形成合力，影响到试验的准确性，因此无法用普通的螺纹夹具完成试样的夹持；3) In the special case of asymmetric axis (that is, the upper and lower clamps of the testing machine are not on the same straight line), since the sample will be subjected to a certain lateral force, the lateral force and the tensile force will form a resultant force, which will affect the accuracy of the test. Therefore, the clamping of the sample cannot be completed with ordinary threaded clamps;
4)在测试量大的场合，无法实现试样快速夹持与取出。4) In the case of a large test volume, it is impossible to quickly clamp and take out the sample.
申请公布号为CN 103411827A的中国专利公开了一种圆棒拉伸试样拉伸夹具，该夹具包含分别与试验机连接的上连接件和下连接件，还包含连接上连接件的上夹具，该上夹具具有上夹头，该夹具还包含连接下连接件的下夹具，该下夹具包含下夹头，该夹具还包含设置在上夹头内的和设置在下夹头内的下插销。该拉伸夹具不易损伤待测件，能实现快速夹取，但是仍没有解决上下夹具不同轴时不方便测量的问题。The Chinese patent application publication number CN 103411827A discloses a tensile fixture for a round bar tensile sample. The fixture includes an upper connector and a lower connector respectively connected to the testing machine, and an upper fixture connected to the upper connector. The upper clamp has an upper clamp, and the clamp also includes a lower clamp connected to the lower connector. The lower clamp includes a lower clamp, and the clamp also includes a lower bolt arranged in the upper clamp and a lower pin arranged in the lower clamp. The tensile fixture is not easy to damage the piece to be tested, and can achieve fast clamping, but it still does not solve the problem of inconvenient measurement when the upper and lower fixtures are not in the same axis.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的就是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种快速夹持、不损伤零件、测试结果准确的多功能高温拉伸夹具。The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-functional high-temperature tensile fixture with fast clamping, no damage to parts, and accurate test results in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.
本发明的目的可以通过以下技术方案来实现：The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种多功能高温拉伸夹具，包括上夹具和下夹具，其特征在于，所述的上夹具包括上夹块，以及设置在其上方的上拉杆，所述的下夹具包括下夹块以及设置在其下方的下拉杆，待测试样上下两端分别夹持在上夹块和下夹块中，转动所述上拉杆调整上夹块与下夹块之间的角度，使待测试样上下一直线。A multi-functional high-temperature tensile clamp, comprising an upper clamp and a lower clamp, characterized in that the upper clamp includes an upper clamp block and an upper pull rod arranged above it, and the lower clamp includes a lower clamp block and a set In the pull-down rod below it, the upper and lower ends of the sample to be tested are respectively clamped in the upper clamp and the lower clamp, and the upper clamp is rotated to adjust the angle between the upper clamp and the lower clamp, so that the sample to be tested Up and down in a straight line.
所述的上拉杆为螺纹杆，所述的上夹块通过上拉杆螺纹连接在拉伸装置上。The upper pull rod is a threaded rod, and the upper clamping block is threadedly connected to the stretching device through the upper pull rod.
所述的上夹块下部设有一插槽，该插槽包括底部引槽和与其连接的夹持槽，引槽顶部宽度小于夹持槽底部宽度，待测试样上端部卡入夹持槽中，与上端部连接的棒体卡入引槽中，实验时，通过夹持槽底部对待测试样上端部施加拉力。The lower part of the upper clamping block is provided with a slot, which includes a bottom guide groove and a clamping groove connected thereto, the width of the top of the guide groove is smaller than the width of the bottom of the clamping groove, and the upper end of the sample to be tested is snapped into the clamping groove , the rod body connected with the upper end snaps into the introduction groove, and during the experiment, a pulling force is applied to the upper end of the sample to be tested through the bottom of the clamping groove.
所述的引槽与待测试样棒体之间留有1～5mm的间隙。There is a gap of 1-5 mm between the introduction groove and the rod body of the sample to be tested.
所述的夹持槽呈长方体状，其宽度和高度大于待测试样上端部的宽度和高度，待测试样从侧面放入夹持槽中。The clamping groove is in the shape of a cuboid, and its width and height are greater than the width and height of the upper end of the sample to be tested, and the sample to be tested is put into the clamping groove from the side.
所述的夹持槽底部和顶部还设有向外侧延伸的延伸槽，以便于待测试样放入夹持槽中或从夹持槽中取出。The bottom and top of the holding groove are also provided with extending grooves extending outward, so that the sample to be tested can be put into or taken out from the holding groove.
所述的夹持槽的深度与上夹块的厚度相同，形成通孔；或者所述夹持槽的深度大于待测试样上端部厚度小于上夹块的厚度。The depth of the clamping groove is the same as the thickness of the upper clamping block, forming a through hole; or the depth of the clamping groove is greater than the thickness of the upper end of the sample to be tested and smaller than the thickness of the upper clamping block.
所述的下夹块的结构与所述上夹块相同或不同，即当上夹块的夹持槽的深度与上夹块的厚度相同，形成通孔时，下夹块的的夹持槽结构可以与上夹块的夹持槽结构相同，或者下夹块的的夹持槽结构为：夹持槽的深度大于待测试样上端部厚度小于上夹块的厚度。The structure of the lower clamping block is the same as or different from the upper clamping block, that is, when the depth of the clamping groove of the upper clamping block is the same as the thickness of the upper clamping block, when a through hole is formed, the clamping groove of the lower clamping block The structure can be the same as that of the clamping groove of the upper clamping block, or the structure of the clamping groove of the lower clamping block is: the depth of the clamping groove is greater than the thickness of the upper end of the sample to be tested and smaller than the thickness of the upper clamping block.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1)转动上拉杆调整上夹块与下夹块之间的角度，使待测试样上下一直线，适用于多种场合。(1) Turn the upper pull rod to adjust the angle between the upper clamping block and the lower clamping block, so that the sample to be tested is in a straight line up and down, which is suitable for many occasions.
(2)夹具插槽内无螺纹孔，不会对零件造成损伤。(2) There is no threaded hole in the fixture slot, which will not cause damage to the parts.
(3)夹持槽底部和顶部还设有向外侧延伸的延伸槽，以便于待测试样放入夹持槽中或从夹持槽中取出，使用方便。(3) The bottom and top of the clamping groove are also provided with extending grooves extending outward, so that the sample to be tested can be put into or taken out from the clamping groove, which is convenient to use.
(4)结构简单，能实现试样快速夹持与取出。(4) The structure is simple, and the sample can be quickly clamped and taken out.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为对称轴高温拉伸夹具与试样关系简图；Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the symmetrical axis high-temperature tensile fixture and the sample;
图2为本发明非对称轴高温拉伸夹具与试样关系简图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the asymmetric axis high-temperature tensile fixture and the sample of the present invention;
图3为本发明上夹块侧视示意图；Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the upper clamping block of the present invention;
图中标号说明：1为上夹块，2为上拉杆，3为下夹块，4为下拉杆，5为延伸槽，6为夹持槽，7为引槽。Explanation of symbols in the figure: 1 is an upper clamping block, 2 is an upper pull rod, 3 is a lower clamping block, 4 is a lower rod, 5 is an extension groove, 6 is a clamping groove, and 7 is a guide groove.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。本实施例以本发明技术方案为前提进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程，但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is carried out on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation and specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
实施例1Example 1
如图2～3所示，本发明一种多功能高温拉伸夹具，包括上夹具和下夹具，上夹具包括上夹块1，以及焊接在其上方的上拉杆2，上拉杆2为螺纹杆，上夹块1通过上拉杆2螺纹连接在拉伸装置上。上夹块1下部设有一插槽，该插槽包括底部引槽7和与其连接的夹持槽6，引槽7顶部宽度小于夹持槽6底部宽度，将待测试样棒体上端部阻挡在夹持槽6中，防止其掉出。引槽7与待测试样棒体之间留有1～5mm的间隙，方便待测试样棒体取出和放入，防止待测试样棒体的刮伤。夹持槽6呈长方体状，其宽度和高度大于待测试样上端部的宽度和高度，夹持槽6底部和顶部还设有向外侧延伸的延伸槽5，成半圆弧状，直径比手指略粗，以便于待测试样放入夹持槽6中或从夹持槽6中取出，待测试样从侧面放入夹持槽6中，与上端部连接的棒体卡入引槽7中，实验时，通过夹持槽6底部对待测试样上端部施加拉力。As shown in Figures 2 to 3, a multifunctional high-temperature tensile fixture of the present invention includes an upper fixture and a lower fixture. The upper fixture includes an upper fixture block 1 and an upper tie rod 2 welded above it. The upper tie rod 2 is a threaded rod , the upper clamping block 1 is threadedly connected to the stretching device through the upper pull rod 2 . The lower part of the upper clamping block 1 is provided with a slot, which includes a bottom guide groove 7 and a clamping groove 6 connected thereto. The width of the top of the guide groove 7 is smaller than the width of the bottom of the clamping groove 6, which blocks the upper end of the rod body to be tested. In the holding groove 6, it is prevented from falling out. There is a gap of 1-5 mm between the guide groove 7 and the rod body to be tested, which is convenient for taking out and putting in the rod body to be tested, and prevents the rod body from being scratched. The clamping groove 6 is in the shape of a cuboid, and its width and height are greater than the width and height of the upper end of the sample to be tested. The bottom and top of the clamping groove 6 are also provided with an extension groove 5 extending outward, which is semicircular and has a diameter slightly smaller than that of a finger. Thick, so that the sample to be tested can be put into the holding groove 6 or taken out from the holding groove 6, the sample to be tested is put into the holding groove 6 from the side, and the rod connected to the upper end is snapped into the guide groove 7 In the experiment, the upper end of the sample to be tested is applied with tension through the bottom of the clamping groove 6 .
下夹具包括下夹块3以及设置在其下方的下拉杆4，待测试样上下两端分别夹持在上夹块1和下夹块3中，转动上拉杆2调整上夹块1与下夹块3之间的角度，使待测试样上下一直线。The lower fixture includes a lower clamp 3 and a lower rod 4 arranged below it. The upper and lower ends of the sample to be tested are respectively clamped in the upper clamp 1 and the lower clamp 3. Turn the upper pull rod 2 to adjust the upper clamp 1 and the lower clamp. The angle between clamping blocks 3 is such that the sample to be tested is in a straight line up and down.
本实施例中，夹持槽6的深度与上夹块1的厚度相同，形成通孔。下夹块3的结构与所述上夹块1相同。In this embodiment, the depth of the clamping groove 6 is the same as the thickness of the upper clamping block 1, forming a through hole. The structure of the lower clamping block 3 is the same as that of the upper clamping block 1 .
通常圆棒试验上下夹具联接采用螺纹联接，容易造成试样断裂。改进以后，本实施例的夹具夹持的时候不用螺纹联接，而是直接将试样通过夹具的插槽插进去，对于非对称轴情况下的试样的夹持，只需要将夹具调整角度，就可以保证试样上下一直线，解决了因为非对称情况下无法夹持的问题。Usually, the connection between the upper and lower fixtures of the round bar test is threaded, which may easily cause the sample to break. After the improvement, the clamp of this embodiment does not need threaded connection when clamping, but directly inserts the sample through the slot of the clamp. For the clamping of the sample under the condition of asymmetrical axis, only the angle of the clamp needs to be adjusted , it can ensure that the sample is in a straight line up and down, which solves the problem that it cannot be clamped due to asymmetry.
图1是轴对称情况下夹具夹持试样简图，只要将要试验的试样插进槽里即可；图2是非对称轴情况下夹持试样简图，只要将上夹具或下夹具旋转一个角度，就可以将要试验的试样插进槽里进行试验。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the sample clamped by the fixture under the condition of axisymmetrical axis, as long as the sample to be tested is inserted into the groove; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the sample clamped under the condition of asymmetrical axis, just rotate the upper or lower clamp At an angle, the sample to be tested can be inserted into the groove for testing.
本实施例高温拉伸夹具可以很方便的运用到高温试验中的不同材料的圆棒试样中去，无论是带有螺纹的还是不带螺纹的；对于非对称轴情况下尤其适用；高温下可以使用，在常温下也同样可以使用。因此此高温夹具的设计使用面非常广阔，具有广泛的应用前景。The high-temperature tensile fixture of this embodiment can be easily applied to the round bar samples of different materials in the high-temperature test, whether it is threaded or not; it is especially suitable for asymmetric shafts; It can be used, and it can also be used at room temperature. Therefore, the design and use of this high-temperature fixture is very wide and has a wide application prospect.
实施例2Example 2
上夹块1的夹持槽6呈长方体形，深度大于待测试样上端部厚度小于上夹块1的厚度，并在底部和顶部设有向外侧延伸的延伸槽5，延伸槽5为长方形通孔；下夹块3的夹持槽6呈长方体形，深度与上夹块1的厚度相同，形成通孔；除此之外，与实施例1相同。The clamping groove 6 of the upper clamping block 1 is in the shape of a cuboid, the depth is greater than the thickness of the upper end of the sample to be tested and less than the thickness of the upper clamping block 1, and the bottom and top are provided with an extension groove 5 extending outward, and the extension groove 5 is rectangular Through holes; the clamping groove 6 of the lower clamping block 3 is in the shape of a cuboid, and the depth is the same as the thickness of the upper clamping block 1, forming a through hole; other than that, it is the same as that of Embodiment 1.
实施例3Example 3
上夹块1的夹持槽6呈长方体形，深度与上夹块1的厚度相同，形成通孔；下夹块3的夹持槽6呈长方体形，深度大于待测试样上端部厚度小于上夹块1的厚度，并在底部和顶部设有向外侧延伸的延伸槽5，延伸槽5截面为半圆弧形；除此之外，与实施例1相同。The clamping groove 6 of the upper clamping block 1 is cuboid, and the depth is the same as the thickness of the upper clamping block 1, forming a through hole; the clamping groove 6 of the lower clamping block 3 is cuboid, and the depth is greater than the thickness of the upper end of the sample to be tested. The thickness of the upper clamping block 1, and the bottom and the top are provided with an extension groove 5 extending outward, and the cross section of the extension groove 5 is a semicircular arc; other than that, it is the same as the embodiment 1.
Claims (8)
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| CN107192610A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-22 | 西南交通大学 | The fixture of cupping machine |
| CN109269852A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-25 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of enhancing sample suitable for homogeneous metal thin-wall tube fatigue test |
| CN114441310A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-05-06 | 深圳市建研检测有限公司 | Intensity detection method |
| CN114518287A (en) * | 2022-02-13 | 2022-05-20 | 济南科汇试验设备有限公司 | Novel bolt combination tensile fixture |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105527157A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-04-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | Rapid-assembling and dissembling split clamp used for fatigue test |
| CN105527157B (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2018-03-13 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of split type fixture of quick despatch for fatigue test |
| CN107024385A (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-08-08 | 江苏博朗森思医疗器械有限公司 | A kind of novel fine justifies wire tension test fixture |
| CN107192610A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-22 | 西南交通大学 | The fixture of cupping machine |
| CN107192610B (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2023-08-25 | 西南交通大学 | Clamp of tensile testing machine |
| CN109269852A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-25 | 浙江工业大学 | A kind of enhancing sample suitable for homogeneous metal thin-wall tube fatigue test |
| CN109269852B (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2024-06-07 | 浙江工业大学 | Reinforcing sample suitable for even metal thin wall pipe fatigue test |
| CN114441310A (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2022-05-06 | 深圳市建研检测有限公司 | Intensity detection method |
| CN114518287A (en) * | 2022-02-13 | 2022-05-20 | 济南科汇试验设备有限公司 | Novel bolt combination tensile fixture |
| CN114518287B (en) * | 2022-02-13 | 2025-03-25 | 济南科汇试验设备有限公司 | A new type of bolt combination tensile fixture |
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