CN104917418A - Energy storage type MMC current transformer adopting independent control of battery current - Google Patents

Energy storage type MMC current transformer adopting independent control of battery current Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104917418A
CN104917418A CN201510333547.8A CN201510333547A CN104917418A CN 104917418 A CN104917418 A CN 104917418A CN 201510333547 A CN201510333547 A CN 201510333547A CN 104917418 A CN104917418 A CN 104917418A
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battery
current
submodule
modulating wave
component
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CN104917418B (en
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梁晖
郭龙
牛利勇
李景新
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Sharp Wisdom Energy Science Co Ltd In Beijing Hundred Million
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Sharp Wisdom Energy Science Co Ltd In Beijing Hundred Million
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Abstract

The invention provides an energy storage type MMC current transformer adopting independent control of battery current, and belongs to the field of energy storage current transformers and control. The energy storage type MMC current transformer adopts an independent control method of battery current, and the final modulating wave of each submodule is obtained by changing the size of each component in the corresponding modulating wave. The modulating waves of the submodules are synthesized by three components, and the battery charging and discharging power, output direct-current power and output alternating-current power of the submodules are controlled respectively. The energy storage type MMC current transformer adopting independent control of battery current is taken as an object, the independent control of battery current is realized by changing the size of each component in the corresponding modulating wave of the submodule, so that the battery utilization rate is improved, and the service life is prolonged.

Description

A kind of accumulation energy type MMC current transformer adopting battery current independently to control
Technical field
The present invention relates to energy accumulation current converter and control field, particularly a kind of accumulation energy type MMC current transformer adopting battery current independently to control.
Background technology
Along with the development of intelligent grid, a large amount of regenerative resource is connected to the grid, and the such as regenerative resource such as wind energy and solar energy capacity is little, away from customer center, position dispersion, and be mainly distributed in the remote border areas of China, therefore, in the urgent need to the power transmission and distribution mode of flexible, economy, environmental protection, high voltage direct current transmission (HVDC) arises.Modular multi-level converter (MMC) is widely used as the core apparatus of high voltage direct current transmission.MMC is often made up of upper and lower two brachium pontis and inductance, and each brachium pontis is in series by several submodules again, and this circuit structure can adopt the device for power switching that voltage withstand class is lower, to realize higher combined-voltage grade.Meanwhile, because output level number is more, equivalent switching frequency is high, and output current harmonics content can significantly reduce.MMC exists at the same time in the occasion of AC network and direct current network and has very large application prospect.Due to randomness and the unsteadiness of regenerative resource, the energy storage device often adding certain capacity in AC network or direct current network, to reach the power fluctuation stabilized regenerative resource access electrical network and bring, improves power supply reliability, improves the object of the quality of power supply.The energy-storage system of additional designs will increase the construction cost of HVDC transmission system.If the submodule DC bus capacitor in traditional MMC is replaced to energy-storage battery, form accumulation energy type MMC current transformer, HVDC transmission system is made to obtain energy storage capacity when not adding other power electronic equipment, save extra energy-storage system cost, energy-storage system is controlled to convert together with control integration with DC/AC simultaneously, be easy to realize total tune and control.
Traditional battery energy storage form comprises centralized energy storage and distributed energy storage, and these two kinds of energy storage modes all need a large amount of A-battery connection in series-parallel to form array.Due to the otherness between battery cell, the performance of array depends on the cell that in array, performance is the poorest, is formed " wooden pail effect ".Therefore, need the consistency of cell higher in this case, directly increase battery production cost.For above problem, reduce cell serial number as far as possible, realize the key technology that cell flexible becomes to consist of research at present.Combine A-battery group with corresponding power converter in the application's patent formation battery module, and multimode is by cascade form accumulation energy type MMC in series system, and incoming transport electrical network, combines with MMC by the flexible group technology of energy storage device.Battery voltage grade required for this technology and capacitance grade lower than traditional stored energy form, required series-parallel cell quantity is few, reduces the conforming requirement of cell, directly reduces battery production cost.
Battery itself have complexity, time become physical characteristic.Due to the otherness between cell, state-of-charge (SOC) between battery pack can not be just the same, if to series connection battery unified current charge-discharge electricity in groups, for avoid SOC large battery charging time overcharge or battery discharge that SOC is little time cross and put, unified charging and discharging currents with the poorest battery of performance for reference design, also submodule may be excised when inconsistency is serious, not only reduce the stability of system, reduce the utilance of energy-storage battery simultaneously, compromise battery.Therefore, according to the difference of the quantity of states such as the charge-discharge power demand of each A-battery group of accumulation energy type MMC system and battery SOC in the present invention, realize controlling the separate current of each battery pack, make each battery module be operated in optimum state, improve the utilance of energy-storage battery, extend battery.
Summary of the invention
For the problem that the battery utilance existed in battery energy storage system and life-span restrict by cell otherness, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of accumulation energy type MMC current transformer adopting battery current independently to control, the charging and discharging currents of energy-storage battery is independently controlled, to improve utilance and the useful life of battery by the modulating wave changing each submodule in accumulation energy type MMC current transformer.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
Accumulation energy type MMC current transformer in the present invention is often mutually containing 2N submodule, and be often divided into brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis mutually, each brachium pontis has submodule and an inductance of N number of band energy-storage battery.Three-phase MMC battery energy storage system contains common DC bus, can connect direct current network, and AC can connect three-phase alternating current electrical network, also can connect AC load.Each submodule is made up of a half-bridge module, a Support Capacitor and an energy-storage battery group.The output voltage of each submodule is 0V or cell voltage.
For the energy-storage battery in every phase 2N submodule, the quantity of states such as the SOC of each battery pack can be obtained by battery management system (BMS), and the charging and discharging currents set-point of each battery pack the best can be obtained accordingly and carry out independent control, the batteries charging speed such as making SOC large slows down or the velocity of discharge strengthens, and the batteries charging speed that SOC is little accelerates or the velocity of discharge slows down.
For three-phase accumulation energy type MMC current transformer, AC adopts widely used Feedforward Decoupling vector control, can be obtained the Sine Modulated wave component of A, B, C three-phase output voltage by given active power and reactive power.Each submodule produces sinusoidal voltage component by this signal, output AC power.
Three-phase accumulation energy type MMC current transformer is due to containing DC bus, and every phase two ends are all loaded with a direct voltage, and thus each submodule will export certain direct voltage.This direct voltage is produced by DC offset in modulating wave, and the given of DC offset is determined by DC bus-bar voltage and number of modules.
Each submodule modulating wave generation module needs to add four signals: the best charging and discharging currents set-point of battery pack, the given mean value of battery current, DC offset, sinusoidal modulation wave signal.Wherein battery pack current set-point determines the size of battery set charge/discharge electric current; DC offset determines submodule and exports direct current power size; Sinusoidal modulation wave signal deciding submodule output AC watt level.The given mean value of battery current is the mean value of the best charging and discharging currents set-point of all battery pack, and it plays DC reference value.The final modulating wave of each submodule is obtained by several step below:
(1) the best charging and discharging currents set-point of battery pack and actual battery current dc component carry out closed-loop control, and its error regulates through PI and obtains modulating wave component 1;
(2) battery pack current set-point and the given mean value of battery current are obtained a ratio value as business, this ratio value is multiplied by original DC offset in MMC system and obtains modulating wave component 2;
(3) by obtaining each total output voltage set-point mutually after vector control closed-loop adjustment, after being evenly distributed to each module, obtain the sinusoidal modulation wave signal of each module, then be multiplied by aforementioned proportion value and obtain modulating wave component 3;
(4) for the submodule of upper brachium pontis, final modulating wave equals modulating wave component 1, component 2, component 3 sum; For lower brachium pontis submodule, final modulating wave equals modulating wave component 1 and deducts modulating wave component 2, component 3 sum.
Further, described accumulation energy type MMC current transformer is often mutually containing 2N submodule, and be often divided into brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis mutually, each brachium pontis has submodule and an inductance of N number of band energy-storage battery.
Further, each submodule is made up of a half-bridge module, a Support Capacitor and an energy-storage battery group.
Further, described accumulation energy type MMC current transformer contains common DC bus, and can connect direct current network, AC can connect three-phase alternating current electrical network, also can connect AC load.
The present invention adopts phase-shifting carrier wave modulation technique (CPS-SPWM).The basic thought of phase-shifting carrier wave modulation method is the SPWM modulator approach that n inverter unit of connecting all adopts low switching frequency, there is identical frequency modulation(FM) and compare m than k with identical amplitude modulation(PAM), and the phase place of the triangular carrier of each inverter unit differ successively 360 °/(nk), the addition of waveforms structure in the waveform generating mode utilizing SPWM to modulate and multiple technology produces phase-shifted SPWM waveform.For the current transformer of n sub module cascade, its output voltage can reach (2n+1) individual level.In the present invention, each submodule uses said method to generate respective modulating wave, and modulating wave determines AC power, direct current power and the power of battery that submodule exports.The triangular carrier frequency that every phase 2N submodule uses is consistent, and amplitude is consistent, just differ successively in phase place 360 °/(2Nk).
The final modulating wave of each submodule is sent into phase-shifting carrier wave modulation module, and compare with respective triangular carrier, can obtain the pwm pulse of each submodule power switch, the battery current realizing accumulation energy type MMC system thus independently controls.
The present invention compared to the prior art, have the following advantages and effect: the present invention with accumulation energy type MMC current transformer for object, the independent object controlling each submodule battery charging and discharging electric current is reached by changing each component in submodule modulating wave, battery utilance and useful life can be improved, reduce battery with two side terminals requirement and battery production cost.According to the difference of the quantity of state such as charge-discharge power demand and battery SOC of each A-battery group of accumulation energy type MMC system, realize controlling the separate current of each battery pack, make each battery module be operated in optimum state, improve the utilance of energy-storage battery, extend battery.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the three-phase accumulation energy type MMC converter topology be often made up of 2N submodule in example.
Fig. 2 is the circuit topology of single submodule in example.
Fig. 3 is that battery current of the present invention independently controls lower submodule modulating wave synthesis block diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, also by embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, and following examples are explanation of the invention and the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Below on the technical scheme basis of summary of the invention, provide the preferred embodiment of an example.
As Fig. 1 often has the grid-connected MMC topology of the three-phase accumulation energy type of 2N submodule mutually, it adds energy-storage battery on the basis of traditional MMC.Topology is often divided into brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis mutually, and each brachium pontis has submodule and an inductance of N number of identical band energy-storage battery.The grid-connected MMC of three-phase accumulation energy type has common DC bus, can connect direct current network, and AC connects three-phase alternating current electrical network simultaneously.Fig. 2 is the circuit topology of single submodule, and each submodule is made up of a half-bridge circuit, Support Capacitor, an energy-storage battery group.
In accumulation energy type MMC, battery pack can be charged and can be discharged, and submodule has input and excision two states, and this is all determined by the action of power switch pipe.Accumulation energy type MMC in the present invention adopts semi-bridge type submodule, and submodule can export 0V or Vb two kinds of level, and wherein Vb is energy-storage battery voltage.Due to the particularity of energy storage MMC structure, it can connect AC network, there is provided again DC bus to access DC power supply, energy-storage battery is as another DC power supply simultaneously, and therefore the active power of whole energy storage MMC system can be divided into three parts: the direct current power P on DC bus dc, energy-storage battery discharge and recharge power P battery, power P that AC network absorbed or produced ac.The energy of whole system is changed between this three.
Because the grid-connected MMC of three-phase accumulation energy type often uses identical submodule and inductance mutually, therefore three-phase symmetrical.For A phase, suppose DC bus-bar voltage V dc, the direct current of upper brachium pontis is I udc, the direct current of lower brachium pontis is I ddc, the alternating current of upper brachium pontis is I uac, lower brachium pontis alternating current is I dac.The DC component of submodule output voltage is U sdc, the first-harmonic effective value of alternating current component is U sac.Containing AC harmonic component and DC component in battery charging and discharging electric current, suppose that the DC component of battery charging and discharging electric current is I bdc, cell voltage is V bat.Emulation and analysis can obtain (ideally):
I Ddc=I Udc
I Uac=I Dac
U Sdc·I Udc=U Sac·I Uac+I Bdc·V Bat
U Sdc·I Ddc=U Sac·I Dac+I Bdc·V Bat
Namely have
P dc=P ac+P battery
Because the electric current of each submodule of same brachium pontis is equal, when battery voltage balanced, if equal proportion ground changes U sacand U sdc, correspondingly, equal proportion also changes by battery charging and discharging electric current.
Change the fundamental voltage amplitude U of submodule output voltage alternating current component sacwith DC component U sdccan be realized by the modulating wave component adjusting each submodule.Traditional phase-shifting carrier wave modulation system is with laterally zygomorphic triangular carrier and sinusoidal wave generation pwm pulse, and in the present invention, triangular carrier negative peak is set to zero, by adding a DC offset V to sinusoidal modulation wave bias, the DC component size of submodule output voltage can be changed.As DC offset V biastime large, U sdcalso large; Otherwise, then little.Meanwhile, sinusoidal modulation wave V is changed sinamplitude size, submodule output voltage alternating current component U can be changed sacsize, sinusoidal modulation wave V sinamplitude larger time, U sacalso larger.A charging and discharging currents set-point is set by giving each submodule energy-storage battery will with the battery charging and discharging current dc component I of reality bdcdifference through PI regulate after obtain modulating wave compensation rate V Δ bar-i, be added to it V sinand V biason, form the modulating wave V that submodule is final ref, namely have
V ref=V sin+V bias+V Δbat-i
MMC is divided into upper and lower two brachium pontis, and the general principle of its generation sine output voltage is the voltage by changing upper and lower two brachium pontis, poor at two brachium pontis junction coating-forming voltage.If mid-point voltage is V uo, upper bridge arm voltage is V un, lower bridge arm voltage is V up, then
V uo = V un - V up 2
Traditional phase-shifting carrier wave modulation technique allows all submodules all use same sinusoidal modulation wave.But in MMC, because the binding site with AC network is in the middle of two brachium pontis, need to allow the sinusoidal modulation wave of lower brachium pontis and upper brachium pontis reverse.In the present invention, sinusoidal modulation wave V sinobtained by closed-loop control alternating current and AC power in Feedforward Decoupling vector control, DC offset V biasdetermine according to DC bus-bar voltage and module number.Get the mean value of the best charging and discharging currents set-point of each battery pack for fiducial value, so, for upper brachium pontis
V ref _ i = I Bdc _ i * I Bdc _ j * V sin + I Bdc _ i * I Bdc _ j * V bias + V Δbat _ i
For lower brachium pontis
V ref _ i = ( - 1 ) · I Bdc _ i * I Bdc _ j * V sin + ( - 1 ) · I Bdc _ i * I Bdc _ j * V bias + V Δbat _ i
That this example adopts is phase-shifting carrier wave modulation technique (CPS-SPWM).Be illustrated in figure 3 each submodule modulating wave synthesis block diagram, final submodule modulating wave needs four signals to generate: each battery pack current set-point, the given mean value of battery current, DC offset, sinusoidal modulation wave signal.Wherein battery pack current set-point determines the size of battery set charge/discharge electric current, DC offset determines submodule and exports direct current power size, sinusoidal modulation wave signal deciding submodule output AC watt level.
For the submodule of upper and lower bridge arm, obtain final submodule modulating wave according to two equatioies above respectively.
The final modulating wave of each submodule is sent into phase-shifting carrier wave modulation module, compare with respective triangular carrier, the pwm pulse of each submodule power switch can be obtained, thus the battery current realizing accumulation energy type MMC system independently controls.
Above content described in this specification is only made for the present invention illustrating.Those skilled in the art can make various amendment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute to described specific embodiment; only otherwise depart from the content of specification of the present invention or surmount this scope as defined in the claims, protection scope of the present invention all should be belonged to.

Claims (5)

1. the accumulation energy type MMC current transformer adopting battery current independently to control, is characterized in that: described accumulation energy type MMC current transformer adopts battery current method for independently controlling, obtains the final modulating wave of each submodule by changing each component size in modulating wave.
2. a kind of accumulation energy type MMC current transformer adopting battery current independently to control according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described battery current method for independently controlling Neutron module modulating wave generation module needs to add four signals: the best charging and discharging currents set-point of each battery pack, the given mean value of battery current, DC offset, sinusoidal modulation wave, the final modulating wave of each submodule is obtained by several step below:
The best charging and discharging currents set-point of step (1) battery pack and actual battery current dc component carry out closed-loop control, and its error regulates through PI and obtains modulating wave component 1;
Battery pack current set-point and the given mean value of battery current are obtained a ratio value as business by step (2), this ratio value are multiplied by original DC offset in MMC system and obtain modulating wave component 2;
Step (3), by obtaining each total output voltage set-point mutually after vector control closed-loop adjustment, obtains the sinusoidal modulation wave signal of each module after being evenly distributed to each module, then is multiplied by aforementioned proportion value and obtains modulating wave component 3;
Step (4) is for the submodule of upper brachium pontis, and final modulating wave equals modulating wave component 1, component 2, component 3 sum; For lower brachium pontis submodule, final modulating wave equals modulating wave component 1 and deducts modulating wave component 2, component 3 sum.
3. a kind of accumulation energy type MMC current transformer adopting battery current independently to control according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described accumulation energy type MMC current transformer is often mutually containing 2N submodule, often be divided into brachium pontis and lower brachium pontis mutually, each brachium pontis has submodule and an inductance of N number of band energy-storage battery.
4. a kind of accumulation energy type MMC current transformer adopting battery current independently to control according to claim 3, is characterized in that: each submodule is made up of a half-bridge module, a Support Capacitor and an energy-storage battery group.
5. a kind of accumulation energy type MMC current transformer adopting battery current independently to control according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described accumulation energy type MMC current transformer contains common DC bus, can connect direct current network, AC can connect three-phase alternating current electrical network, also can connect AC load.
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CN105429177A (en) * 2015-12-16 2016-03-23 国网青海省电力公司 Modularized photovoltaic energy storage system
CN107768701A (en) * 2016-08-17 2018-03-06 大连融科储能技术发展有限公司 A kind of extensive flow battery energy storage device
CN106357141A (en) * 2016-09-29 2017-01-25 国网青海省电力公司经济技术研究院 Reduced voltage operation method for hybrid MMC-HVDC (modular multilevel converter based high voltage direct current) system
CN107039991A (en) * 2017-04-24 2017-08-11 北京交通大学 A kind of light storage off-network independent power supply device and method based on MMC topologys
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CN110341728A (en) * 2019-08-19 2019-10-18 西南交通大学 A kind of through tractive power supply system of electric railway
CN110341728B (en) * 2019-08-19 2024-01-26 西南交通大学 Electrified railway through-type traction power supply system
CN113489032A (en) * 2021-05-31 2021-10-08 南方电网调峰调频发电有限公司 Battery energy storage circuit and battery energy storage system
CN113489032B (en) * 2021-05-31 2023-05-30 南方电网调峰调频发电有限公司 Battery energy storage circuit and battery energy storage system
CN113489159A (en) * 2021-06-22 2021-10-08 南方电网调峰调频发电有限公司 Battery energy storage system, control method and device, computer equipment and storage medium

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