CN104917010A - Power plug - Google Patents

Abstract

The current transformer of the power plug is connected to the live wire in the plug body, the current transformer is connected to the voltage output circuit, the voltage output circuit is respectively connected to the comparator and the charging and discharging module, the comparator, the indicator light, the buzzer, the display screen, the button , the electric energy metering circuit and the wireless module are respectively connected with the single-chip microcomputer, and the charging and discharging module supplies power for each component and provides a basis for charging and discharging the battery; a pull ring is fixed on the plug body. The invention can warn the user to pull out the plug when the electrical appliance is switched to standby mode. The charging and discharging module has two power supply modes, and no external power supply is needed to save electric energy; the voltage output circuit enables the voltage output by the current transformer to be transmitted to the comparator and the charging and discharging The module simplifies the circuit structure and reduces the design cost; an indicator light is designed on the pull ring on the rear surface of the plug body, which can be very eye-catching for the user to see the status of the indicator light, and it is also convenient for the plug to be pulled out.

Description

power plug

technical field

The invention relates to a power plug.

Background technique

With the increasing use of electrical appliances in our country, the waste of electrical appliances' standby energy consumption, which has been ignored by people, has become increasingly prominent. According to the survey of China Energy Conservation Product Certification Center, it is found that standby energy consumption has accounted for 3%-13% of civil power consumption, household appliance standby energy consumption accounts for about 10% of household power consumption, and the average standby energy consumption of various household appliances is 15-30%. between tiles. According to the survey results in Beijing, more than 3 million households in Beijing need to pay 180 million yuan more each year for standby energy consumption alone. If the standby energy consumption of enterprises and institutions is included, the figure is even more alarming. The waste of such a large electrical appliance standby energy has become an important factor affecting the shortage of power supply in our country. Some experts estimate that China's current power shortage is roughly equivalent to the power wasted by electrical appliances in standby. Effectively solving the standby waste of electrical appliances will greatly alleviate the contradiction between power supply and demand in my country.

The market potential to solve the standby energy consumption of electrical appliances is astonishing. Enterprises with a strategic vision have turned their attention to the market development of such energy-saving products, and some energy-saving devices for electrical equipment have come out one after another. For example, the Chinese patent application publication number CN 103928799 A discloses "a smart plug and a home appliance control system with the smart plug". The signal is sent to the remote control terminal, and through the operation of the remote control terminal, the relay is used to cut off the power to the socket, thereby realizing the control of the electrical equipment. Although this application can remotely control the power-off of electrical equipment, it cannot monitor and remind the standby state of the electrical appliance when the electrical appliance is switched from the normal working state to the standby state, and cannot remind the user to unplug the plug in time, thus failing to solve the problem of electrical standby. of energy waste. Moreover, although the setting method of the relay is not disclosed in the application, according to conventional technical means, the contacts of the relay will be connected in series on the live wire of the plug. Although this design method can realize the cutting off of the power supply of the electrical appliance, the reliability is low , The relay is easily damaged and causes the power cord to fail, and setting the relay in the plug to control the on-off of the power cord will make the plug bulkier and inconvenient to use.

The Chinese invention patent with the authorized announcement number CN 201820971 U discloses "a power plug that can be automatically turned on and off", which can make electrical equipment automatically turn from a standby state to a completely closed state; The power-off state is automatically transferred to the power-on state. However, the application uses a Hall-type current sensor to test the power consumption state and needs "after the single-chip microcomputer 1 controls the relay 3 to be disconnected and turns into a sleep state, it will automatically wake up every 1 second. During the wake-up period, the single-chip microcomputer 1 The I/O pin of the I/O pin temporarily outputs the control signal, and the relay 3 is turned on for forty milliseconds (two mains cycles) to detect the power consumption of the electrical equipment. The relay is turned on and off once every 1s, which will cause the electrical appliances to be powered on and off frequently. , affecting the service life of the electrical appliances, and the relay is also easily damaged, and a large amount of electric energy will be wasted when the electrical appliances are frequently started. In addition, the application uses AC/DC to collect mains power to supply power to the micro-power intelligent controller, which has the problems of large heat generation and large energy consumption.

It can be seen from the above that there is currently no one in the market that does not increase the volume of the existing plug to remind the user when the electrical appliance is switched from the normal working state to the standby state, so that the user can pull out the plug conveniently, and can measure Reliable, practical, low-power mains plug for standby energy consumption. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a plug that can warn the user that the electrical appliance is turned into a standby state, pay attention to pull out the plug, and display the standby energy consumption of the electrical appliance.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the current problem that there is no plug that reminds the user when the electrical appliance switches from the normal working state to the standby state, the present invention provides a plug that can warn the user when the electrical appliance turns to the standby state without changing the volume of the existing plug. A power plug that is unplugged and can display standby power consumption.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: a power plug, including a plug body, characterized in that the power plug also includes a single-chip microcomputer, a current transformer, a voltage output circuit, a comparator, an electric energy metering circuit, and an indicator light , buzzer, display, charging and discharging module and battery,

The rear surface of the plug body is fixedly provided with a pull ring, and the indicator light is arranged on the pull ring; the display screen is arranged on the rear surface of the plug body, and the indicator light, the buzzer and the display screen are respectively connected to the The single-chip microcomputer is connected; the plug body is provided with a cavity, and the single-chip microcomputer, current transformer, voltage output circuit, comparator, electric energy metering circuit, charging and discharging module and battery are located in the cavity;

The voltage output circuit includes an operational amplifier A1, a feedback resistor R1 and an anti-interference capacitor C2, the feedback resistor R1 is connected in series between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier; the live wire in the plug is connected to the current mutual inductance Several turns are wound on the transformer, the output terminal of the current transformer is connected with the input terminal of the operational amplifier A1, the output terminal of the operational amplifier A1 is connected with the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator, and the inverting input terminal of the comparator The reference voltage is set at the terminal, and the output terminal of the comparator is connected with the single-chip microcomputer;

The electric energy metering circuit includes an electric energy metering chip, the electric energy metering chip is an HLW8012 chip, a resistor R14 is connected in series on the fire wire in the plug, and the V1P pin and the VIN pin of the current collecting end of the HLW8012 chip are respectively connected to the resistor At both ends of R14, the voltage acquisition terminal V2P is connected in series with a resistor R10 and connected to the live wire in the plug;

The charging and discharging module includes a relay switch circuit, a voltage-stabilizing output circuit and a charging circuit, and the relay switching circuit includes a micro-relay KM and a drive triode Q3; the voltage-stabilizing output circuit includes a voltage-stabilizing chip U6; the charging circuit includes a battery Controller LM3420, voltage regulator U2, transistor Q1, transistor Q2, diode D3, diode D4, and several capacitors and resistors, the emitter e of the transistor Q2 is connected to the input pin IN of the battery controller LM3420, and the set of the transistor Q2 The electrode c is connected to the positive pole of the battery, the output pin OUT of the battery controller LM3420 is connected to the base b of the triode Q1, and the collector c of the triode Q1 is connected to the feedback regulator terminal ADJ of the regulator U2. The output pin OUT of the voltage regulator U2 is connected to the positive pole of the battery after forwarding the diode D3 and the diode D4 in series in sequence; the input end of the voltage stabilizing chip U6 is connected between the diode D3 and the diode D4, and the normal of the relay KM The closed contact K1 is connected in series between the diode D3 and the diode D4, the normally open contact K2 of the relay KM is connected in parallel with the diode D4, and the base b of the triode Q3 is connected to the single chip microcomputer.

Preferably, the indicator light is a two-color LED light.

Further, the power plug also includes a wireless module, and the wireless module is connected to the single-chip microcomputer. Preferably, the wireless module is a Bluetooth module. Furthermore, the wireless module further includes a wireless module indicator light D5, and the wireless module indicator light D5 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer after pulling up the resistor R11.

In order to realize the button operation of the function of the power plug, further, the power plug also includes a display button connected to the single-chip microcomputer, a buzzer button, a wireless module start button and a total button, and the display button, buzzer The switch button, the wireless module start button and the main button are arranged on the rear surface of the plug body.

In order to compensate the phase difference, further, an RC oscillator circuit is connected in parallel to the feedback resistor R1.

In order to protect the operational amplifier A1, preferably, a protective diode D1 and a protective diode D2 are connected in antiparallel between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier A1.

In order to realize heat dissipation, further, a heat dissipation hole communicating with the cavity is provided on the side of the plug body.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The design of the charging and discharging module of the present invention makes full use of the characteristics that the current in the power line is large when the electrical appliance is in normal operation, and the current is small when the appliance is in standby, and provides two power supply modes. When the electrical appliance is in use, the charging and discharging module adopts the current transformer power supply mode to supply power to the components of the equipment and charge the battery at the same time; To supply power to the device, the charging and discharging module switches to the battery power supply mode, which ensures the work of the indicator light and the buzzer when it is in standby. This design not only does not require an external power supply, but also uses a current transformer to charge the battery when the electrical appliance is in use, which saves electric energy, and does not cause serious heat generation like AC/DC power supply.

2. Its voltage output circuit enables the voltage output by the current transformer to be sent to the comparator and the charging and discharging module respectively, for voltage sampling comparison and power supply, which simplifies the circuit structure and reduces the design cost.

3. There is an indicator light on the pull ring on the back surface of the plug body, which can be very eye-catching for users to see the status of the indicator light, and with the buzzer, the signal of the standby state of the electrical appliance can be conveyed to the user to ensure that the user unplugs the plug ; Moreover, the design of the pull ring also facilitates the extraction and insertion of the plug, which will not be as laborious as the current plug.

4. A display screen and various buttons are arranged on the back surface of the plug body, which is convenient for operation and observation of standby energy consumption, and users can use the Bluetooth of the mobile phone to check the standby energy consumption through the wireless module.

5. The overall design of the power plug makes the plug have the same volume as the ordinary power plug, which does not hinder the operation of plugging and unplugging. An innovation in the field of plugs.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are For some preferred embodiments of the present invention, those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is a side view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view along A-A in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a partial circuit diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of the charging module of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of the indicator light of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a key circuit diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a circuit diagram of the display screen of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 plug body, 11 rear surface, 12 pull ring, 121 indicator line groove, 13 cavity, 14 cooling hole, 2 indicator light, 3 display screen, 4 battery, 5 button, 6 circuit board, 7 current mutual inductance device.

Detailed ways

Specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawings:

As shown in Figures 1 to 9, the power plug includes a plug body 1, a single-chip microcomputer, a current transformer 7, a voltage output circuit, a comparator, an electric energy metering circuit, a wireless module, an indicator light 2, a buzzer, a display screen 3, Charge and discharge module, battery 4 and button 5. The single-chip microcomputer, voltage output circuit, comparator, electric energy metering circuit and charging and discharging module are packaged on the circuit board 6 .

The rear surface 11 of the plug body 1 is fixedly provided with a pull ring 12 , and the pull ring 12 is perpendicular to the rear surface 11 . The pull ring 12 can be formed integrally with the plug body 1 by stamping, or can be connected with the plug body 1 through buckles. The outer surface of the pull ring 12 is provided with a groove for installing the indicator light 2 , and an indicator light line groove 121 is arranged in the pull ring 12 , and the indicator light 2 is arranged along the outer surface of the pull ring 12 . As shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the present invention has designed five indicator lights, preferably, said indicator lights are two-color LED lights, and the colors can be red and green. is red. As shown in Figure 7, five LED1-LED5 are used as the indicator light 2, and the negative poles of LED1-LED5 are respectively connected to the P2.0 pin, P2.5 pin, P2.6 pin, and P2.7 pin of the single-chip microcomputer U4. , P1.4 pin connection; of course, the indicator light 2 can also be designed as an arc-shaped lamp tube suitable for the pull ring 12 .

Described display screen 3 is arranged on the rear surface 11 of plug body 1, and as shown in Figure 9, display screen 3 (U7 among Fig. 9) adopts four binary digital display tubes to display, and each digital display tube is passed through triode ( Transistors Q4-Q7) in FIG. 9 are driven, and pins P2.1-P2.4 and pins P3.0-P3.7 in FIG. 9 are respectively connected to the IO pins of the single-chip microcomputer U4. Of course, a liquid crystal display can also be used for display.

As shown in Figure 5, the buzzer FM is connected to the P1.5 pin of the single-chip microcomputer U4 by driving the transistor Q8. As shown in FIG. 8, the buttons 5 include a display button SB1, a buzzer button SB2, a wireless module start button SB3 and a master button SB4, which are connected to P0.0-P0.3 pins of the single-chip microcomputer U4. In order to save energy consumption, the display screen is usually in a power-off state, and the display screen is turned on after pressing the display screen button. The function of the buzzer button is to press the buzzer button to stop working after the buzzer works. The function of the main button is to press the main button to control the working status of each component of the whole device. After pressing the main button to close the device, all the components will not work. At this time, the plug is the same as an ordinary plug.

As shown in Figure 3, a cavity 13 is provided in the plug body 1, and the circuit board 6 of the single-chip microcomputer, voltage output circuit, comparator, electric energy metering circuit and charging and discharging module is installed, and the current transformer and battery are located in the Inside the cavity 13. In order to realize heat dissipation, as shown in FIG. 1 , a heat dissipation hole 14 communicating with the cavity 13 is provided on the side of the plug body 1 .

As shown in FIG. 5, the voltage output circuit includes an operational amplifier A1, a feedback resistor R1, an anti-interference capacitor C2, an RC oscillator circuit and a filter capacitor C2. The filter capacitor C2 is grounded at the output end of the operational amplifier. The feedback resistor R1 is connected in series between the inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the operational amplifier. The fire wire in the plug is wound several turns on the current transformer 7, the output terminal of the current transformer is connected with the input terminals a1 and a2 of the operational amplifier A1, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier A1 is connected with the comparison The non-inverting input terminal 2 of the comparator A2, the reference voltage Vb is set at the inverting input terminal 3 of the comparator A2, and the output terminal of the comparator A2 is connected with the P1.7 pin of the single-chip microcomputer U4 after the resistor R12 is connected in series . In order to compensate the phase difference, an RC oscillator circuit composed of a resistor R2 and a capacitor C1 is connected in parallel to the feedback resistor R1. In order to protect the operational amplifier A1, preferably, a protective diode D1 and a protective diode D2 are connected in antiparallel between the positive input terminal and the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier A1.

As shown in Figure 5, the electric energy metering circuit includes an electric energy metering chip U1, the electric energy metering chip U1 is an HLW8012 chip, a resistor R14 is connected in series on the live line L in the plug, and the V1P lead of the current collecting terminal of the HLW8012 chip pin and VIN pin are respectively connected to both ends of the resistor R14, and the voltage acquisition terminal V2P is connected in series with the resistor R10 to the live wire L in the plug. The V1P pin and VIN pin at the current acquisition end of the HLW8012 chip are grounded through the capacitor C8 and the capacitor C9 respectively, and the capacitor C8 and the capacitor C9 play a filtering role. Capacitor C10 and capacitor C11 are also filter capacitors.

As shown in FIG. 6 , the charging and discharging module includes a relay switch circuit, a voltage stabilizing output circuit and a charging circuit. The relay switch circuit includes a miniature relay KM and a drive transistor Q3, the miniature relay KM is connected in series with the collector of the triode Q3, the base of the triode Q3 is connected to the P1.6 pin of the microcontroller, further, in order to protect the coil of the relay KM, and The relay KM coil is connected in parallel with a protection diode VD. The voltage stabilizing output circuit includes a voltage stabilizing chip U6 and a peripheral circuit composed of a capacitor C6, a capacitor C7, a capacitor C8, a resistor R8 and a resistor R9. The charging circuit includes a battery controller LM3420, a voltage regulator U2, a transistor Q1, a transistor Q2, a diode D3, a diode D4, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5 and a resistor R6, and the transistor Q2 The emitter e is connected to the input pin IN of the battery controller LM3420, the collector c of the triode Q2 is connected to the positive pole of the battery B, the output pin OUT of the battery controller LM3420 is connected to the base b of the triode Q1, The collector c of the triode Q1 is connected to the feedback voltage regulating terminal ADJ of the voltage regulator U2, and the output pin OUT of the voltage regulator U2 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery after forwardly connecting the diode D3 and the diode D4 in series in sequence. Compressor U2 adopts LM317 chip. The input terminal of the voltage stabilizing chip U6 is connected between the diode D3 and the diode D4, the normally closed contact K1 of the relay KM is connected in series between the diode D3 and the diode D4, the normally open contact K2 of the relay KM is connected to the diode D4 Parallel connection, the cooperation of the diode D4 and the normally open contact K2 solves the discharge of the battery when the battery is charged, and discharges the current through the normally open contact K2 when the battery is powered. Diode D3 prevents the current from flowing into the LM317 chip when the battery is discharging. When the electrical appliance is working normally, the contact of the relay KM does not act, and is powered by the electric energy of the current transformer. When the electrical appliance is in the standby state, the normally closed contact K1 of the relay KM is disconnected, the normally open contact K2 is closed, and the battery B is The voltage regulator chip U6 provides power for other components of the device.

In order to realize the standby energy consumption can be checked with a mobile phone, as shown in Figure 5, the power plug also includes a wireless module U5, preferably, the wireless module is a bluetooth module, the bluetooth module adopts HC-06 chip, the TXD lead The pin and the RXD pin are connected with the TXD pin and the RXD pin of the single-chip microcomputer U4. Furthermore, in order to be able to indicate that the wireless module is in the working state, and to facilitate the user to turn on and off the wireless module, the wireless module also includes a wireless module indicator light D5, and the wireless module indicator light D5 pulls up the resistor R11 and connects to the The microcontroller is connected.

In order to realize the button operation on the function of the power plug, further, the power plug also includes buttons, as shown in Figure 8, the display button SB1 connected to the P0.0 pin of the single-chip microcomputer, and the P0.0 pin of the single-chip microcomputer The .1 pin is connected to the buzzer button SB2, and the P0.2 pin of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the wireless module startup button SB3 and the P0.3 pin of the single-chip microcomputer is connected to the total button SB4. The buzzer button, the wireless module start button and the master button are arranged on the rear surface of the plug body.

The working principle of the present invention is: in the normal working state of the electrical appliance, the current of the live wire in the plug body is relatively large, and the energy obtained by the current transformer is output through the voltage output circuit, which is used for the charging and discharging module to supply power for the equipment components and charge the battery, and at the same time , The signal output by the voltage output circuit is compared by the comparator, and then the comparator sends a high-level signal to the single-chip microcomputer. The single-chip microcomputer only controls the work of the indicator light, and the indicator light is in a green state.

When the electrical appliance is in the standby state, the live wire current in the plug body is weak, and the energy obtained by the current transformer is not enough to supply power. The signal output by the voltage output circuit is compared with the comparator and sends a low-level signal to the microcontroller. At this time, the charging and discharging module Switch to the battery power supply mode, the single-chip microcomputer controls the indicator light, the electric energy metering circuit and the buzzer to work, the electric energy metering circuit starts to calculate the energy consumption, the indicator light is in the red state, the buzzer sounds to remind the user to unplug the plug, at this time, If the user does not want to pull out the plug, the buzzer button is pressed, and the buzzer stops working. If the user wants to check the standby power consumption, press the display button, the display will turn on, and display the total standby power consumption. The user can also press the wireless module start button and use the mobile phone to connect to the wireless module to check the standby power consumption. .

The above described the preferred embodiments and embodiments of the present invention in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the present invention Under the premise of the concept, several improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. an attaching plug, comprises header body, it is characterized in that, this attaching plug also comprises single-chip microcomputer, current transformer, voltage follower circuit, comparator, ic for energy metering, indicator light, buzzer, display screen, charge-discharge modules and battery,

The rear surface of described header body is fixedly installed draw ring, and described indicator light is arranged on described draw ring; Described display screen is arranged on the rear surface of header body, and described indicator light, buzzer and display screen are connected with described single-chip microcomputer respectively; Be provided with cavity in described header body, described single-chip microcomputer, current transformer, voltage follower circuit, comparator, ic for energy metering, charge-discharge modules and battery are positioned at described cavity;

Described voltage follower circuit comprises operational amplifier A 1, feedback resistance R1 and anti-interference capacitor C2, and described feedback resistance R1 is connected between the reverse input end of operational amplifier and output; Live wire in described plug is wound around some circles on described current transformer, the output of described current transformer is connected with the input of described operational amplifier A 1, the output of operational amplifier A 1 connects the in-phase input end of described comparator, arrange reference voltage at the reverse input end of described comparator, the output of described comparator is connected with described single-chip microcomputer;

Described ic for energy metering comprises electric energy computation chip, described electric energy computation chip is HLW8012 chip, series resistor R14 on live wire in described plug, V1P pin and the VIN pin of described HLW8012 chip current collection terminal are connected to resistance R14 two ends, are connected after described voltage acquisition end V2P series resistor R10 with the live wire in described plug;

Described charge-discharge modules comprises relay switching circuit, voltage-stabilizing output circuit and charging circuit, and described relay switching circuit comprises midget relay KM and drives triode Q3, described voltage-stabilizing output circuit comprises voltage stabilizing chip U6, described charging circuit comprises battery controller LM3420, pressurizer U2, triode Q1, triode Q2, diode D3, diode D4 and some electric capacity and resistance, the emitter e of described triode Q2 is connected with the input pin IN of battery controller LM3420, the collector electrode c of triode Q2 is connected with the positive pole of described battery, the output pin OUT of described battery controller LM3420 is connected with the base stage b of triode Q1, the collector electrode c of triode Q1 is connected with the feedback voltage adjusting end ADJ of pressurizer U2, the output pin OUT of pressurizer U2 successively forward series diode D3 is connected with described anode with after diode D4, the input of described voltage stabilizing chip U6 is connected between diode D3 and diode D4, the normally-closed contact K1 of described relay K M is connected between diode D3 and diode D4, the normally opened contact K2 of relay K M is in parallel with diode D4, and the base stage b of described triode Q3 is connected with described single-chip microcomputer.

2. attaching plug according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described indicator light is dual-colored LED lamp.

3. attaching plug according to claim 1, is characterized in that, this attaching plug also comprises wireless module, and described wireless module is connected with described single-chip microcomputer.

4. attaching plug according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described wireless module is bluetooth module.

5. the attaching plug according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that, described wireless module also comprises wireless module indicator light D5, is connected after described wireless module indicator light D5 pull-up resistor R11 with described single-chip microcomputer.

6. attaching plug according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, this attaching plug also comprises the display screen button, buzzer button, the wireless module that are connected with described single-chip microcomputer and starts button and total button, and described display screen button, buzzer button, wireless module start the rear surface that button and total button are arranged on described header body.

7. attaching plug according to claim 1, is characterized in that, a RC oscillating circuit in parallel on described feedback resistance R1.

8. attaching plug according to claim 1, is characterized in that, reverse parallel connection protection diode D1 and protection diode D2 between the positive input and reverse input end of described operational amplifier A 1.

9. attaching plug according to claim 1, is characterized in that, is provided with the louvre communicated with described cavity in the side of described header body.