CN104915760A - Evaluation method for preventing fire accident of large crude oil storage tank - Google Patents
Evaluation method for preventing fire accident of large crude oil storage tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN104915760A CN104915760A CN201510278679.5A CN201510278679A CN104915760A CN 104915760 A CN104915760 A CN 104915760A CN 201510278679 A CN201510278679 A CN 201510278679A CN 104915760 A CN104915760 A CN 104915760A
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Abstract
Disclosed in the invention is an evaluation method for preventing a fire accident of a large crude oil storage tank. The evaluation method comprises the following steps: determining a risk grading standard of a fire accident of a large crude oil storage tank; selecting a typical fire accident of a large crude oil storage tank; identifying a selected fire accident occurrence reason; identifying an effective prevention measure for preventing the fire accident occurrence; determining an occurrence frequency of the fire accident occurrence reason; determining a failure probability of the effective prevention measure; calculating an occurrence frequency of the fire accident; and according to the risk grading standard, determining integrity of the prevention measure of the fire accident. For the large crude oil storage tank fire accident, a unified risk quantification standard is employed. On the basis of calculation of the fire accident occurrence frequency and the consequence magnitude, integrity of the prevention measure is analyzed; and the analysis result is precise and possibility of the fire accident occurrence is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of appraisal procedure, particularly relate to a kind of appraisal procedure of preventing Large Oil Tank fire failure.
Background technology
Current, Chinese in-service Large Oil Tank reaches thousands of, especially nearly ten years, and large-scale storage tank quantity and oil depot storage capacity sharply rise, and maximum storage tank reserves reach 15 ten thousand steres (tank diameter 100m); Oil depot storage capacity reaches millions of cubic meter, and dozens of large-scale storage tank is concentrated and is deployed in a region, defines huge tank battery, and majority concentrate on riverine, along the river, the region such as coastal.In view of Chinese large-scale storage tank quantity many, single tank tanks appearance is large, distributed areas are wide, the risk that fire accidents accident occurs in large-scale tank field is larger.
At present, for the prevention of the fire failure of Large Oil Tank, be main mainly with hazard analysis qualitatively.By the qualitative hazard analysis to Large Oil Tank, as dangerous acupoint (HAZOP), safety checklist, ETA, fault tree analysis etc., identify its main fire risk hidden danger existed, then, for this risk hidden danger, corresponding safety prevention measure is proposed.But, the qualitative hazard analysis method of Large Oil Tank, owing to lacking unified risk quantification standard, and it is larger by the experience influence of analyst, analysis result has very large uncertainty, Partial security hidden danger may be caused not take sufficient safety prevention measure, cause the generation of Large Oil Tank fire failure.
As can be seen here, prior art awaits further improving.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the weak point avoiding above-mentioned prior art to exist, and provides a kind of appraisal procedure of preventing Large Oil Tank fire failure.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
Prevent an appraisal procedure for Large Oil Tank fire failure, comprise the steps:
Step 1: the risk stratification standard determining Large Oil Tank fire failure;
Step 2: the typical fire failure selecting Large Oil Tank;
Step 3: the occurrence cause identifying selected fire failure;
Step 4: identify effective safeguard procedures that this fire failure of prevention occurs;
Step 5: the occurrence frequency determining this fire failure occurrence cause;
Step 6: the failure probability determining effective safeguard procedures;
Step 7: the occurrence frequency calculating this fire failure;
Step 8: the seriousness of the occurrence frequency of the fire failure determined in step 7 with fire failure consequence is combined, the integrality of fire safety control measure in quantitative determining step 4, the risk stratification standard determined in contrast step 1, determines whether the requirement meeting risk criteria; If meet risk criteria requirement, then select next fire failure, repeat step 3 to step 8, until all typical fire accident analysis are complete; If do not meet risk criteria requirement, then consider other safeguard procedures, repeat step 4 to step 8, until risk meets the demands, then carry out the analysis of next fire failure, until all typical fire accident analysis are complete.
In described step 1, when determining fire failure risk stratification standard, need risk matrix be adopted, consider the seriousness of the possibility that fire failure consequence occurs and consequence, and clearly acceptable risk requirement.
In described step 2, what the selection of the contingent typical fire failure of Large Oil Tank adopted is way of qualitative analysis, and way of qualitative analysis can be dangerous acupoint method or safety checklist analysis.
In described step 3, the reason that fire failure occurs is selected from external event, equipment failure and human error.
In described step 4, effective safeguard procedures that fire failure occurs comprise substantial safety-design, basic process control system, report to the police and personnel intervene, safety instrument function, physical protection, protect facility, factory's emergency response and community's emergency response after release.
In the occurrence frequency of the fire failure reason in described step 5 and step 6, effectively the failure probability of safeguard procedures counts by consulting industry, enterprise's historical statistical data, obtains based on failure mode impact and diagnostic analysis, fault tree analysis and other data available.
In described step 7, the failure probability of occurrence frequency × effective safeguard procedures of the occurrence frequency=fire failure reason of fire failure.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, the beneficial effect acquired by the present invention is:
1, the Large Oil Tank fire failure that the present invention proposes prevents appraisal procedure, adopt unified risk quantification standard, for Large Oil Tank fire failure, by conjunction with the seriousness of consequence, analyzing the integrality of its safeguard procedures to the calculating of fire failure occurrence frequency.Owing to have employed unified quantitative criteria, analysis result of the present invention is more accurate, overcomes the shortcoming of method for qualitative analysis by analyst's experience influence.
2, by the present invention, the importance rate of different safeguard procedures can be calculated, thus strengthen safeguarding to emphasis safeguard procedures targetedly, reduce the possibility that serious fire failure occurs.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is principle schematic of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of appraisal procedure of preventing Large Oil Tank fire failure, comprises the steps:
Step 1: adopt risk matrix, considers the seriousness of the possibility that fire failure consequence occurs and consequence, determines the risk stratification standard of Large Oil Tank fire failure, and the risk requirement clearly can introduced;
Step 2: adopt method for qualitative analysis, as the typical fire failure of the method such as dangerous acupoint, safety checklist determination Large Oil Tank;
Step 3: the occurrence cause identifying selected fire failure, the reason that this fire failure occurs can be selected from following three classes, is external event, equipment failure and human error respectively;
Step 4: identify prevention this fire failure occur effective safeguard procedures, fire failure occur safeguard procedures comprise substantial safety-design, basic process control system, report to the police and personnel intervene, safety instrument function, physical protection (safety valve etc.), discharge after protect facility, factory's emergency response and community's emergency response etc.Wherein, determine that the validity of safeguard procedures should meet following requirement:
A) independence: should independent of accident occurrence cause and consequence thereof; Should independent of other safeguard procedures in Same Scene;
B) validity: the condition that response should be able to be detected; Within the effective time, should be able to respond in time; Within the available time, enough abilities should be had to take required action; And the requirement of failure probability when should meet selected requirement;
C) security: answer use management to control or the unintentional or undelegated variation of technological means minimizing;
D) change management: any changes such as equipment, running program, raw material, process condition should perform change management process, with the IPL requirement of protective seam after satisfied change;
E) property examined: available information, document and program should be had to look into, to illustrate that the design of safeguard procedures, inspection, maintenance, test and operation activity can make protective seam reach the requirement of safeguard procedures;
Step 5: the occurrence frequency determining this fire failure occurrence cause;
Step 6: the failure probability determining effective safeguard procedures;
Step 7: fire failure reason occurrence frequency is multiplied with the failure probability of effective safeguard procedures and obtains the frequency that fire failure finally occurs;
Step 8: the seriousness of the occurrence frequency of the fire failure determined in step 7 with fire failure consequence is combined, the integrality of fire safety control measure in quantitative determining step 4, the risk stratification standard determined in contrast step 1, determines whether the requirement meeting risk criteria; If meet risk criteria requirement, then select next fire failure, repeat step 3 to step 8, until all typical fire accident analysis are complete; If do not meet risk criteria requirement, then consider other safeguard procedures, repeat step 4 to step 8, until risk meets the demands, then carry out the analysis of next fire failure, until all typical fire accident analysis are complete.
In step 5) and step 6) in, the failure probability data of fire failure reason occurrence frequency and effective safeguard procedures are by consulting industry statistic data, enterprise's historical statistical data, based on failure mode impact and the data of diagnostic analysis and fault tree analysis etc. and the acquisition of other data availables.
The part do not addressed in the present invention adopts or uses for reference prior art and can realize.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to spiritual example explanation of the present invention.Those skilled in the art can make various amendment or supplement or adopt similar mode to substitute to described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the scope that appended claims defines.
Claims (7)
1. prevent an appraisal procedure for Large Oil Tank fire failure, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Step 1: the risk stratification standard determining Large Oil Tank fire failure;
Step 2: the typical fire failure selecting Large Oil Tank;
Step 3: the occurrence cause identifying selected fire failure;
Step 4: identify effective safeguard procedures that this fire failure of prevention occurs;
Step 5: the occurrence frequency determining this fire failure occurrence cause;
Step 6: the failure probability determining effective safeguard procedures;
Step 7: the occurrence frequency calculating this fire failure;
Step 8: the seriousness of the occurrence frequency of the fire failure determined in step 7 with fire failure consequence is combined, the integrality of fire safety control measure in quantitative determining step 4, the risk stratification standard determined in contrast step 1, determines whether the requirement meeting risk criteria; If meet risk criteria requirement, then select next fire failure, repeat step 3 to step 8, until all typical fire accident analysis are complete; If do not meet risk criteria requirement, then consider other safeguard procedures, repeat step 4 to step 8, until risk meets the demands, then carry out the analysis of next fire failure, until all typical fire accident analysis are complete.
2. a kind of appraisal procedure of preventing Large Oil Tank fire failure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 1, risk matrix need be adopted when determining fire failure risk stratification standard, consider the seriousness of the possibility that fire failure consequence occurs and consequence, and clearly acceptable risk requirement.
3. a kind of appraisal procedure of preventing Large Oil Tank fire failure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 2, what the selection of the contingent typical fire failure of Large Oil Tank adopted is way of qualitative analysis, and way of qualitative analysis can be dangerous acupoint method or safety checklist analysis.
4. a kind of appraisal procedure of preventing Large Oil Tank fire failure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 3, and the reason that fire failure occurs is selected from external event, equipment failure and human error.
5. a kind of appraisal procedure of preventing Large Oil Tank fire failure according to claim 1; it is characterized in that: in described step 4, effective safeguard procedures that fire failure occurs comprise substantial safety-design, basic process control system, report to the police and personnel intervene, safety instrument function, physical protection, protect facility, factory's emergency response and community's emergency response after release.
6. a kind of appraisal procedure of preventing Large Oil Tank fire failure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the occurrence frequency of the fire failure reason in described step 5 and step 6, effectively the failure probability of safeguard procedures counts by consulting industry, enterprise's historical statistical data, obtains based on failure mode impact and diagnostic analysis, fault tree analysis and other data available.
7. a kind of appraisal procedure of preventing Large Oil Tank fire failure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 7, the failure probability of occurrence frequency × effective safeguard procedures of the occurrence frequency=fire failure reason of fire failure.
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| CN201510278679.5A CN104915760A (en) | 2015-05-27 | 2015-05-27 | Evaluation method for preventing fire accident of large crude oil storage tank |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110162508A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-23 | 北京化工大学 | The information standardization method of procedure-oriented safety analysis |
| CN111209622A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-05-29 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Risk-based crude oil reservoir design method |
| CN112784991A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-05-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method and device for determining most serious credible accident scene of process industry and storage medium |
| CN113112104A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2021-07-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Risk evaluation method and device for town gas business and application thereof |
-
2015
- 2015-05-27 CN CN201510278679.5A patent/CN104915760A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110162508A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-08-23 | 北京化工大学 | The information standardization method of procedure-oriented safety analysis |
| CN112784991A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-05-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method and device for determining most serious credible accident scene of process industry and storage medium |
| CN112784991B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2024-03-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method, device and storage medium for determining most serious trusted accident scene of process industry |
| CN111209622A (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-05-29 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Risk-based crude oil reservoir design method |
| CN111209622B (en) * | 2020-01-03 | 2020-10-27 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Risk-based crude oil reservoir design method |
| CN113112104A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2021-07-13 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Risk evaluation method and device for town gas business and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150916 |
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