CN104910345A - 一种不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents

一种不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法与应用 Download PDF

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CN104910345A
CN104910345A CN201510263990.2A CN201510263990A CN104910345A CN 104910345 A CN104910345 A CN 104910345A CN 201510263990 A CN201510263990 A CN 201510263990A CN 104910345 A CN104910345 A CN 104910345A
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王质伟
吕华波
江平
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XUCHUAN CHEMICAL (SUZHOU) CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供的一种不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂，由以下重量份的组份制成：异氰酸酯类化合物5-20份；聚酯类多元醇化合物5-15份；含羟基的低分子量化合物0.2-1.0份；二元胺类化合物0.5-5份，助剂1-10份；有机溶剂50-90份。本发明还提供了上述不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂的制备方法及其在沙发革制备中的应用。该聚氨酯树脂制备方法简单、成本适中，通过在原料中引入脂肪族的二异氰酸酯和二胺类化合物，可以使制品达到不黄变的性能；另外，通过引入聚碳酸酯二元醇，可以使制品获得优良的耐磨性和耐酒精性；通过将树脂的固含量调整到20％左右，可以使树脂具有良好的低温储存稳定性。

Description

一种不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法与应用
技术领域
本发明属于材料领域，特别涉及一种不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法与应用。
背景技术
目前，在沙发皮革市场上，真皮资源日渐紧缺，价格昂贵。随着近几年合成革技术的发展，合成革无论在款式、手感方面都很接近真皮的效果，甚至在某些方面超越真皮。同时，由于合成革服装价格低廉、款式多样，因此合成革在沙发类产品中已经占据一定比例，深受国外消费者的青睐。而且，近几年来，中国家庭的汽车保有量逐步提升，在可以预见的未来，随着人民生活水平的提高和收入的增加，汽车将成为家庭的必需品。汽车产业的增长，带动了汽车座椅皮革的大量需求。由于真皮座椅价格昂贵，因此在中低端车型中，大量采用合成革座椅。汽车座椅具有严格的物性要求：首先，由于汽车是直接暴露在阳光下的，因此要求材料具有不黄变的性能；其次，由于汽车座椅使用频率高，因此需要极好的耐磨性能；最后，由于沙发类产品当表面沾有污渍时，需要有酒精擦拭去污，因此制品需要有极好的耐酒精擦拭功能。
本发明志在解决上述三点要求，合成符合以上三点要求的树脂，并且提供制作汽车用沙发革的工艺方法。
发明内容
发明目的：本发明的目的在于提供一种不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂。
技术方案：本发明提供的一种不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂，由以下重量份的组份制成：异氰酸酯类化合物5-20份；聚酯类多元醇化合物5-15份；含羟基的低分子量化合物0.2-1.0份；二元胺类化合物0.5-5份，助剂1-10份；有机溶剂50-90份。
其中，所述异氰酸酯类化合物为4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯；所述聚酯类多元醇化合物为分子量400-5000的聚碳酸酯二元醇；所述含羟基的低分子量化合物为乙二醇；所述二元胺类化合物为4,4'-二环己基甲烷二胺；所述助剂为含硅类化合物，优选改性聚二甲基硅氧烷。
本发明还提供了上述不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)预聚体的制备：将聚酯类多元醇化合物、异氰酸酯类化合物、含羟基的低分子量化合物混合后于60-90℃反应3-5h，得预聚体；
(2)聚氨酯树脂的制备：将预聚体加入溶剂中，再加入二元胺类化合物，经扩链反应达到粘度10000-30000cps/25℃，然后加入助剂，即得；其中，扩链反应温度40-45℃，反应时间1-3h。
本发明还提供了上述不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂在沙发革制备中的应用。
所述应用，包括以下步骤：
(1)将权利要求1的聚氨酯树脂、色浆溶于二甲基甲酰胺和丁酮混合液中，搅匀，得料液；
(2)将料液涂覆于离型纸上，烘干；
(3)涂覆上粘结用树脂，再与基材贴合，烘干；
(4)将离型纸揭开，成型。
其中，步骤(1)中，所述聚氨酯树脂、色浆、二甲基甲酰胺、丁酮的重量比为100：(5-20)：(20-40)：(20-40)。
其中，步骤(2)中，涂覆厚度为0.1mm-0.3mm；步骤(2)中烘干温度为120-150℃。
有益效果：本发明提供的聚氨酯树脂制备方法简单、成本适中，通过在原料中引入脂肪族的二异氰酸酯和二胺类化合物，可以使制品达到不黄变的性能；另外，通过引入聚碳酸酯二元醇，可以使制品获得优良的耐磨性和耐酒精性；通过将树脂的固含量调整到20％左右，可以使树脂具有良好的低温储存稳定性。该树脂具有以上的优良特性，可以广泛的应用于汽车沙发革。
具体实施方式
本发明所用的改性聚二甲基硅氧烷购自广州鑫冠化工科技有限公司；
实施例1
不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂，由以下重量份的组份制成：异氰酸酯类化合物15份；聚酯类多元醇化合物10份；含羟基的低分子量化合物0.6份；二元胺类化合物2.5份，助剂5份；有机溶剂70份。
其中，所述异氰酸酯类化合物为4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯；所述聚酯类多元醇化合物为分子量2000的聚碳酸酯二元醇；所述含羟基的低分子量化合物为乙二醇； 所述二元胺类化合物为4,4'-二环己基甲烷二胺；所述助剂改性聚二甲基硅氧烷。
所述不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂的制备，包括以下步骤：
(1)预聚体的制备：将聚酯类多元醇化合物、异氰酸酯类化合物、含羟基的低分子量化合物混合后于60-90℃反应3-5h，得预聚体；
(2)聚氨酯树脂的制备：将预聚体加入溶剂中，再加入二元胺类化合物，经扩链反应达到粘度10000-30000cps/25℃，然后加入助剂，即得；其中，扩链反应温度40℃，反应时间3h。
实施例2
不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂，由以下重量份的组份制成：异氰酸酯类化合物5份；聚酯类多元醇化合物5份；含羟基的低分子量化合物1.0份；二元胺类化合物0.5份，助剂1份；有机溶剂50份。
其中，所述异氰酸酯类化合物为4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯；所述聚酯类多元醇化合物为分子量400的聚碳酸酯二元醇；所述含羟基的低分子量化合物为乙二醇；所述二元胺类化合物为4,4'-二环己基甲烷二胺；所述助剂为改性聚二甲基硅氧烷。
所述不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂的制备，包括以下步骤：
(1)预聚体的制备：将聚酯类多元醇化合物、异氰酸酯类化合物、含羟基的低分子量化合物混合后于60-90℃反应3-5h，得预聚体；
(2)聚氨酯树脂的制备：将预聚体加入溶剂中，再加入二元胺类化合物，经扩链反应达到粘度10000-30000cps/25℃，然后加入助剂，即得；其中，扩链反应温度45℃，反应时间1h。
实施例3
不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂，由以下重量份的组份制成：异氰酸酯类化合物20份；聚酯类多元醇化合物15份；含羟基的低分子量化合物0.2份；二元胺类化合物5份，助剂10份；有机溶剂90份。
其中，所述异氰酸酯类化合物为4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯；所述聚酯类多元醇化合物为分子量5000的聚碳酸酯二元醇；所述含羟基的低分子量化合物为乙二醇；所述二元胺类化合物为4,4'-二环己基甲烷二胺；所述助剂为改性聚二甲基硅氧烷。
所述不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂的制备，包括以下步骤：
(1)预聚体的制备：将聚酯类多元醇化合物、异氰酸酯类化合物、含羟基的低分子 量化合物混合后于60-90℃反应3-5h，得预聚体；
(2)聚氨酯树脂的制备：将预聚体加入溶剂中，再加入二元胺类化合物，经扩链反应达到粘度10000-30000cps/25℃，然后加入助剂，即得；其中，扩链反应温度43℃，反应时间2h。
应用实施例 
将实施例1至3制得的不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂制备沙发革，包括以下步骤：
(1)将权利要求1的聚氨酯树脂、色浆溶于二甲基甲酰胺和丁酮混合液中，搅匀，得料液；所述聚氨酯树脂、色浆、二甲基甲酰胺、丁酮的重量比为100：(5-20)：(20-40)：(20-40)；
(2)将料液涂覆于离型纸上，烘干；涂覆厚度为0.1mm-0.3mm；
(3)涂覆上粘结用树脂，再与基材贴合，120-150℃烘干；
(4)将离型纸揭开，成型。
检测实施例1至3制得的聚氨酯树脂性能：
检测项目
1、耐黄变检测 
仪器：GT-7035-UB紫外光，45瓦
常规耐酒精树脂，紫外灯照射4小时后，黄变等级1-2级
实施例1：紫外灯照射4小时，黄变等级4级以上
实施例2：紫外灯照射4小时，黄变等级4级以上
实施例3：紫外灯照射4小时，黄变等级4级以上
2、Taber耐磨测试
仪器：GT-7012-T，22号砂轮，砝码荷重1KG
目前市售树脂，耐磨在300转左右
实施例1：耐磨在500转以上
实施例2：耐磨在500转以上
实施例3：耐磨在500转以上
3、耐酒精测试 
方法：用布蘸酒精擦拭表面
目前市售无黄变树脂，用酒精擦拭5次后，表面亮度发生变化
实施例1：用酒精擦拭10次，表面亮度没有变化
实施例2：用酒精擦拭10次，表面亮度没有变化
实施例3：用酒精擦拭10次，表面亮度没有变化。

Claims (7)

1.一种不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂，其特征在于：由以下重量份的组份制成：异氰酸酯类化合物5-20份；聚酯类多元醇化合物5-15份；含羟基的低分子量化合物0.2-1.0份；二元胺类化合物0.5-5份，助剂1-10份；有机溶剂50-90份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂，其特征在于：所述异氰酸酯类化合物为4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯；所述聚酯类多元醇化合物为分子量400-5000的聚碳酸酯二元醇；所述含羟基的低分子量化合物为乙二醇；所述二元胺类化合物为4,4'-二环己基甲烷二胺；所述助剂为含硅类化合物，优选改性聚二甲基硅氧烷。
3.一种权利要求1至2任一项所述的不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
(1)预聚体的制备：将聚酯类多元醇化合物、异氰酸酯类化合物、含羟基的低分子量化合物混合后于60-90℃反应3-5h，得预聚体；
(2)聚氨酯树脂的制备：将预聚体加入溶剂中，再加入二元胺类化合物，经扩链反应达到粘度10000-30000cps/25℃，然后加入助剂，即得；其中，扩链反应温度40-45℃，反应时间1-3h。
4.权利要求1所述的不黄变、耐磨、耐酒精性聚氨酯树脂在沙发革制备中的应用。
5.如权利要求4所述的应用，其特征在于：
(1)将权利要求1的聚氨酯树脂、色浆溶于二甲基甲酰胺和丁酮混合液中，搅匀，得料液；
(2)将料液涂覆于离型纸上，烘干；
(3)涂覆上粘结用树脂，再与基材贴合，烘干；
(4)将离型纸揭开，成型。
6.如权利要求5所述的应用，其特征在于：步骤(1)中，所述聚氨酯树脂、色浆、二甲基甲酰胺、丁酮的重量比为100：(5-20)：(20-40)：(20-40)。
7.如权利要求5所述的应用，其特征在于：步骤(2)中，涂覆厚度为0.1mm-0.3mm；步骤(2)中烘干温度为120-150℃。
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CN106317366A (zh) * 2016-08-30 2017-01-11 合肥安利聚氨酯新材料有限公司 一种耐醇溶剂、耐磨、耐黄变的面层聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法
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CN112430409A (zh) * 2020-11-19 2021-03-02 东莞市古川胶带有限公司 一种耐酒精摩擦的黑色油墨及其制备方法、标签

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CN106750113A (zh) * 2015-11-19 2017-05-31 苏州富仁化工有限公司 一种用于合成车用革的聚氨酯树脂及其制备工艺
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CN106317366B (zh) * 2016-08-30 2019-09-10 合肥安利聚氨酯新材料有限公司 一种耐醇溶剂、耐磨、耐黄变的面层聚氨酯树脂及其制备方法
CN110951030A (zh) * 2019-12-11 2020-04-03 上海华峰超纤科技股份有限公司 一种耐低温、耐磨的无黄变聚氨酯树脂及其制备的超细纤维合成革
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CN112430409A (zh) * 2020-11-19 2021-03-02 东莞市古川胶带有限公司 一种耐酒精摩擦的黑色油墨及其制备方法、标签

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