CN104897959B - A kind of distributed physical amount detection method and its device based on spectrum scan - Google Patents
A kind of distributed physical amount detection method and its device based on spectrum scan Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of distributed physical amount detection method and its device based on spectrum scan.This method comprises the steps：1) to wait frequency interval to measured object transmission signal：F=1 Δs f, 2 Δ f, 3 Δ f ..., n Δ f, f are scan frequency, and Δ f is frequency interval；2) signal receiving circuit receives the frequency domain response X (f) for being measured object：X (1 Δ f), X (2 Δ f), X (3 Δ f) ..., X (n Δs f)；3) reversion translation step is carried out in frequency domain, obtains X3(f)；4) to X3(f) inverse discrete Fourier transformer inverse-discrete is carried out, obtains x3(t)；5) from x3(t) it is time-domain signal x (t) to obtain measurement result.Detection method and its device provided by the invention need not launch flash, and the requirement to device is low；The DC component in frequency spectrum need not be measured, and direct current calibration or compensation need not be carried out, therefore completely avoid the difficulty that DC component is faced in measurement frequency spectrum, and eliminates the error caused by system dc drift.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detection method, more particularly to a kind of distributed physical amount detection side based on spectrum scan
Method.
Background technology
Then most of remote distributed e measurement technologies are received the signal reflected and entered using one pulse signal of transmitting
Row remote distributed measures, i.e. time domain measurement method.Due to loss of the signal when propagating, time domain measurement method needs to launch high-power
Pulse signal to improve range and precision.Further, since the dc shift of electronic component be present, frequency spectrum is accurately measured
In DC component it is extremely difficult.Existing spectrum scan technology realizes measurement, but its using DC compensation or the method for calibration
Complex steps, expend a large amount of computing resources and calculate the time, and still suffer from DC error.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide it is a kind of eliminate dc shift caused by error swept based on frequency spectrum
The distributed physical amount detection method retouched.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of distributed physical amount detection method based on spectrum scan,
Comprise the steps：
1) to wait frequency interval to measured object transmission signal, f=1 Δ f, 2 Δ f, 3 Δ f ..., n Δ f, f is scanning
Frequency, Δ f are frequency interval, and n Δs f is the peak frequency of scanning frequency spectrum；
Frequency interval Δ f meets condition：Δ f≤v/4L, wherein v are the spread speed of signal, and L is to be measured object chi
Degree；
2) the frequency domain response signal X (f) for being measured object is received：X (1 Δ f), X (2 Δ f), X (3 Δ f) ..., X (n Δs
f)；
3) time domain reversion translation calculation is carried out to the result that step 2) obtains, is comprised the steps：
1. X (f) is multiplied by into the factor -1 obtains X1(f),
X1(f)=- X (f)；
2. by X1(f) D is translated on a timeline, and D meets condition：(1/(2Δf)-L/v)>D>L/v, wherein v
For the spread speed of signal, L is to be measured subjective scales,
X2(f)=X1(f)e-j4πf D
3. by X (f) and X2(f) it is added and obtains X3(f),
X3(f)=X (f)+X2(f)=X (f)+X1(f)e-j4πf D=X (f)-X (f) e-j4πfD
4) to X3(f) inverse discrete Fourier transformer inverse-discrete is carried out, obtains x3(t)；
5) from x3(t) time-domain signal x (t) is obtained.
According to one embodiment of present invention, sinusoidal modulation signal is launched to measured object with grade frequency interval.
The present invention also provides a kind of distributed physical amount detecting devices based on spectrum scan, including：
One signal transmitter unit, the signal transmitter unit is to wait frequency interval to measured object transmission signal, f=1
Δ f, 2 Δ f, 3 Δ f ..., n Δ f, f are scan frequency, and Δ f is frequency interval, and n Δs f is the peak frequency of scanning frequency spectrum；
Frequency interval Δ f meets condition：Δ f≤v/4L, wherein v are the spread speed of signal, and L is to be measured object chi
Degree；
One signal receiving unit, including signal storage and processing unit, the signal receiving unit receive the signal hair
Penetrate the frequency domain response signal X (f) of the transmission signal of unit：X (1 Δ f), X (2 Δ f), X (3 Δ f) ..., X (n Δs f), the letters
Number storage and processing unit carry out time domain reversion translation calculation to the frequency domain response signal X (f), and step is as follows：
1. X (f) is multiplied by into the factor -1 obtains X1(f),
X1(f)=- X (f)；
2. by X1(f) D is translated on a timeline, obtains X2(f), D meets condition：(1/(2Δf)-L/v)>D>L/v,
Wherein v is the spread speed of signal, and L is to be measured subjective scales,
X2(f)=X1(f)e-j4πf D
3. by X (f) and X2(f) it is added and obtains X3(f),
X3(f)=X (f)+X2(f)=X (f)+X1(f)e-j4πfD=X (f)-X (f) e-j4πfD
4. couple X3(f) inverse discrete Fourier transformer inverse-discrete is carried out, obtains x3(t)
5. from x3(t) time-domain signal x (t) is obtained.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the signal transmitter unit include be sequentially connected in series modulation signal generator,
Drive circuit and laser.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the signal receiving unit also includes light-receiving amplifier and demodulator circuit,
The light-receiving amplifier, demodulator circuit and signal storage and processing unit are sequentially connected in series.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the signal transmitter unit is with grade frequency interval transmitting sinusoidal modulation signal.
A kind of the distributed physical amount detection method and its device based on spectrum scan of the present invention, it is not necessary to launch strong arteries and veins
Punching, the requirement to signal source is low, and need not measure the DC component in frequency spectrum, thus be excluded that caused by system dc drift
Error.
Brief description of the drawings
The above and other features of the present invention, property and advantage will pass through retouching with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples
State and become readily apparent from, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that time domain reversion translation is carried out to time-domain signal x (t) in one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the measurement apparatus of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is the linear coordinate signal of the spatial domain result obtained to the measured direct inverse fourier transform of spectral response
Figure.
Fig. 4 is the absolute value logarithmic coordinates of the spatial domain result obtained to the measured direct inverse fourier transform of spectral response
Schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is the spectral response sky that inverse fourier transform obtains after time domain reversion translation of one embodiment of the invention
The linear coordinate schematic diagram of field result.
Fig. 6 is the spectral response sky that inverse fourier transform obtains after time domain reversion translation of one embodiment of the invention
The absolute value logarithmic coordinates schematic diagram of field result.
Fig. 7 is the first half spatial domain result schematic diagram obtained in the spatial domain result from Fig. 6 of one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiments and the drawings, the invention will be further described, elaborates in the following description more
Details to fully understand the present invention, but the present invention obviously can be come with a variety of other manners different from this description it is real
Apply, those skilled in the art can make similar popularization according to practical situations in the case of without prejudice to intension of the present invention, drill
Unravel silk, therefore should not be limited the scope of the invention with the content of this specific embodiment.
The present invention is realization when obtaining real by inverse fourier transform in the case of the DC component missing of frequency spectrum
Field result, employ time domain reversion shift method.This method is based on one it is assumed that object i.e. to be measured is time-domain finite, Yi Ji
Beyond limited time domain, measured physical quantity zero, this hypothesis meets most of practical application.The purpose of this method is logical
Cross time domain reversion shift method artificially structure one total DC component be zero object to be measured, and really measured physical quantity when
Keep constant in the reversion translation of domain.
The time domain reversion shift method principle used in the present invention is as follows：
The first step, time-domain function reversion to be measured is multiplied by the factor -1, turns into x1(t)：
x1(t)=- x (t)
Second step, by x1(t) D is translated on a timeline, and D is more than x (t) time domain yardstick, turns into x2(t):
x2(t)=x1(t-D)
3rd step, function x when will be to be measured after field object x (t) and translation2(t) it is added, obtains x3(t)：
x3(t)=x (t)+x2(t)=x (t)-x (t-D)
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that time domain reversion translation is carried out to time-domain signal x (t) in one embodiment of the invention.
As illustrated, by time-domain function x (t) after time domain inverts shift method, x is obtained3(t), x3(t) it is made up of two curved sections.x3
(t) it is exactly that time domain inverts the function after translation, the DC component of its frequency spectrum is zero.And x3(t) time domain to be measured is completely contained
Object x (t).The detection method of the present invention is namely based on time domain and inverts shift method come what is completed, first measures spectral response, then ask
Go out the object x to be measured that the constructed total DC component of time domain reversion translation is zero3(t) Fourier transform X3(f), then to X3
(f) carry out inverse fourier transform and can be obtained by x3(t), so as to restoring result x (t) to be measured.
A kind of distributed physical amount detection method based on spectrum scan of the present invention, comprises the steps：
1) with wait frequency interval to measured object launch sinusoidal modulation signal, f=1 Δ f, 2 Δ f, 3 Δ f ..., n Δ f,
F is scan frequency, and Δ f is frequency interval, and Δ f is the minimum frequency of scanning frequency spectrum, and n Δs f is the maximum frequency of scanning frequency spectrum
Rate；
The range of this method is that (4 Δ f), frequency interval or minimum frequency Δ f must are fulfilled for condition to v/：Δ f≤v/4L, its
Middle v is the spread speed of signal, and L is to be measured subjective scales；
2) the frequency domain response signal X (f) for being measured object is received：X (1 Δ f), X (2 Δ f), X (3 Δ f) ..., X (n Δs
F), these responses are the plural numbers containing real and imaginary parts；
3) time domain reversion translation calculation, the equivalent characterizations based on time domain and frequency domain, the time domain are carried out to the result of step 2)
Translation calculation is inverted to carry out in frequency domain.The frequency domain response signal data of above-mentioned steps is only needed in this step, without it
His excessive data.
1. being inverted in time domain and being multiplied by the factor -1, it is equivalent in frequency domain and X (f) reversions is obtained into X1(f),
X1(f)=- X (f)；
2. the result after above-mentioned time domain is inverted translates D in time domain, to avoid the signal before translation and the signal after translation
Overlapping, D must is fulfilled for：(1/(2Δf)-L/v)>D>L/v, it is equivalent in frequency domain by X1(f) it is multiplied by factor e-j4πf DObtain X2
(f),
X2(f)=X1(f)e-j4πf D
Because detectable signal is launched away, reflect again, therefore translational movement D is multiplied by 2 in above-mentioned calculating；
3. by X (f) and X2(f) it is added and obtains X3(f), this X3(f) DC component is zero, i.e., in f=0Hz, X3
(f)=0,
X3(f)=X (f)+X2(f)=X (f)+X1(f)e-j4πf D=X (f)-X (f) e-j4πf D
4) in X3(0) to X in the case of=03(f) inverse discrete Fourier transformer inverse-discrete is carried out, obtains x3(t)
5) from x3(t) it is time-domain signal x (t), x to obtain measurement result3(t) comprising two shapes are identical but symbol is opposite
The copy of measurement result, the latter in the two copies is the previous obtained results of translation D after time domain reversion, previous
Copy is exactly required measurement result x (t).
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the measurement apparatus of one embodiment of the invention.As illustrated, signal transmitter unit 1 is wrapped
The modulation signal generator 3 being sequentially connected in series, drive circuit 4 and laser 5 are included, signal receiving unit 2 includes the light being sequentially connected in series
Reception amplifier 8, demodulator circuit 7 and signal storage and processing unit 6.
Modulation signal generator 3 produces the sine wave of certain frequency, is performed a scan at equal intervals in setting frequency spectrum, f
=1 Δ f, 2 Δ f, 3 Δ f ..., n Δ f, n Δ f, wherein not comprising DC component f=0.Drive circuit 4 receives modulated signal
The signal of generator 3, driving current is produced, drive laser 5, laser 5 launches the laser signal being modulated sinusoidally.Laser
Signal enters one section of about 20km roll of optical fiber 10 by optical coupler 9.The Rayleigh back-reflection of each point is through light in roll of optical fiber 10
Learn coupler 9 and enter light-receiving amplifier 8.Light-receiving amplifier 8 receives and amplifies photoelectric conversion signal, light-receiving amplifier 8
Using AC coupled, it is not necessary to measure DC component, entirely eliminated error caused by system dc drift.Demodulator circuit 7 solves
The signal after amplification is adjusted, obtains the response signal X (f) of each frequency:X (1 Δ f), X (2 Δ f), X (3 Δ f) ..., X (n Δ f),
DC component X (0) is not included wherein.Signal stores and processing unit 6 carries out computing to frequency domain response signal X (f) and obtains time domain
Measurement result x (t), i.e. fibre loss characteristic curve.
Wherein signal storage and processing unit 6 are calculated frequency domain response signal X (f), and step is as follows：
1) X (f) is multiplied by the factor -1, obtains X1(f),
X1(f)=- X (f)；
2) by X1(f) it is multiplied by factor e-j4πf DObtain X2(f), to avoid the signal before translation and the signal overlap after translation,
D must is fulfilled for：(1/(2Δf)-L/v)>D>L/v,
X2(f)=X1(f)e-j4πf D
3) by X (f) and X2(f) it is added and obtains X3(f),
X3(f)=X (f)+X2(f)=X (f)+X1(f)e-j4πfD=X (f)-X (f) e-j4πfD
4) in X3(0) to X in the case of=03(f) inverse discrete Fourier transformer inverse-discrete is carried out, obtains x3(t)
5) from x3(t) it is time-domain signal x (t) to obtain measurement result
Fig. 3 to Fig. 7 is the knot that the spectral response obtained with the measurement apparatus of the present embodiment is obtained through nonidentity operation
Fruit.
Fig. 3 is the linear coordinate signal of the spatial domain result obtained to the measured direct inverse fourier transform of spectral response
Figure.Curve shown in figure is that the spatial domain result that inverse fourier transform obtains, i.e. optical fiber are directly carried out to the spectral response measured
Loss characteristic curve, spatial domain is multiplied by the speed v of light wave in a fiber by time domain and obtained.Ordinate is linear.Point in figure
Peak is the end face reflection of fiber distal end, and its position is about at 21km.It can be seen from the figure that, beyond about 21km optical fiber, as a result for
Negative value, and correctly result should be zero, it is due to lack DC component in spectral response and make to produce the reason for this is wrong
Into.
Fig. 4 is the absolute value logarithmic coordinates of the spatial domain result obtained to the measured direct inverse fourier transform of spectral response
Schematic diagram.Curve shown in figure is that the spatial domain result that inverse fourier transform obtains directly is carried out to the spectral response measured, and
It is using the logarithmic coordinates that take absolute value unlike Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the spectral response sky that inverse fourier transform obtains after time domain reversion translation of one embodiment of the invention
The linear coordinate schematic diagram of field result.Curve shown in figure is to carry out the result after time domain reversion translation, using linear coordinate.
It can be seen from the figure that is as a result zero outside about 21km.As can be seen from the figure rear portion is inverted and put down by front portion
Obtained after shifting.
Fig. 6 is the spectral response sky that inverse fourier transform obtains after time domain reversion translation of one embodiment of the invention
The absolute value logarithmic coordinates schematic diagram of field result.Curve shown in figure is also to carry out the result after time domain reversion translation, and Fig. 5
The difference is that it using the logarithmic coordinates that take absolute value, this is coordinate conventional when measuring fibre loss characteristic.It can be seen from the figure that
Fibre loss characteristic is a straight line for having certain slope after taking the logarithm.Two of measurement result needed for being contained in figure identical to copy
Shellfish.
Fig. 7 is the first half spatial domain result schematic diagram obtained in the spatial domain result from Fig. 6 of one embodiment of the invention.
The previous copy in Fig. 6, i.e., required measurement result are contains only in figure.
A kind of distributed physical amount detection method based on spectrum scan provided by the invention is mainly characterized by using frequency
Rate scans, and measures the frequency domain response of inspected object, then obtains time domain measurement result by fast fourier inverse transformation.This hair
It is bright to launch flash, but launch Sine Modulated continuous wave, the requirement to signal source is low, therefore cost is relatively low；Using
The integrating effect of detection continuous wave substantially increases signal to noise ratio；Completely without the DC component in measurement frequency spectrum, avoid and be
The dc shift of system measurement error to caused by DC component, improves measurement accuracy.One kind provided by the invention is based on frequency spectrum
The distributed physical amount detection method of scanning be applied to acoustic sensing system, Wireless/wired sensor-based system, optical sensor system,
The every field such as optical fiber sensing system, distributed sensing system.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, it is not for limiting the present invention.Any this area skill
Art personnel without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make possible variation and modification.Therefore, it is every without departing from
The content of technical solution of the present invention, any modification made according to technical spirit of the invention to above example, equivalent variations
And modification, each fall within the protection domain that the claims in the present invention are defined.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of distributed physical amount detection method based on spectrum scan, comprises the steps：
1) with wait frequency interval to measured object transmission signal, f=1 Δ f, 2 Δ f, 3 Δ f ..., n Δ f, f be scan frequency,
Δ f is frequency interval, and n Δs f is the peak frequency of scanning frequency spectrum；
Frequency interval Δ f meets condition：Δ f≤v/4L, wherein v are the spread speed of signal, and L is to be measured subjective scales；
2) the frequency domain response signal X (f) for being measured object is received：X (1 Δ f), X (2 Δ f), X (3 Δ f) ..., X (n Δs f)；
3) time domain reversion translation calculation is carried out to the result that step 2) obtains, is comprised the steps：
1. X (f) is multiplied by into the factor -1 obtains X1(f),
X1(f)=- X (f)；
2. by X1(f) D is translated on a timeline, and D meets condition：(1/(2Δf)-L/v)>D>L/v, wherein v are the propagation of signal
Speed, L are to be measured subjective scales,
X2(f)=X1(f)e-j4πfD
3. by X (f) and X2(f) it is added and obtains X3(f),
X3(f)=X (f)+X2(f)=X (f)+X1(f)e-j4πfD=X (f)-X (f) e-j4πfD
4) to X3(f) inverse discrete Fourier transformer inverse-discrete is carried out, obtains x3(t)；
5) from x3(t) time-domain signal x (t) is obtained.
A kind of 2. distributed physical amount detection method based on spectrum scan according to claim 1, it is characterised in that with
What is launched Deng frequency interval to measured object is sinusoidal modulation signal.
3. a kind of distributed physical amount detecting devices based on spectrum scan, including：
One signal transmitter unit, the signal transmitter unit is to wait frequency interval to measured object transmission signal, f=1 Δ f, and 2
Δ f, 3 Δ f ..., n Δ f, f are scan frequency, and Δ f is frequency interval, and n Δs f is the peak frequency of scanning frequency spectrum；
Frequency interval Δ f meets condition：Δ f≤v/4L, wherein v are the spread speed of signal, and L is to be measured subjective scales；
One signal receiving unit, including signal storage and processing unit, the signal receiving unit receive the measured object
Frequency domain response signal X (f)：X (1 Δ f), X (2 Δ f), X (3 Δ f) ..., X (n Δs f), the signal storage and processing unit
Time domain reversion translation calculation is carried out to the frequency domain response signal X (f), step is as follows：
1) X (f) is multiplied by the factor -1 and obtains X1(f),
X1(f)=- X (f)；
2) by X1(f) D is translated on a timeline, obtains X2(f), D meets condition：(1/(2Δf)-L/v)>D>L/v, wherein v are
The spread speed of signal, L are to be measured subjective scales, X2(f)=X1(f)e-j4πfD
3) by X (f) and X2(f) it is added and obtains X3(f),
X3(f)=X (f)+X2(f)=X (f)+X1(f)e-j4πfD=X (f)-X (f) e-j4πfD
4) to X3(f) inverse discrete Fourier transformer inverse-discrete is carried out, obtains x3(t)
5) from x3(t) time-domain signal x (t) is obtained.
A kind of 4. distributed physical amount detecting devices based on spectrum scan according to claim 3, it is characterised in that institute
State modulation signal generator, drive circuit and transmitter that signal transmitter unit includes being sequentially connected in series.
A kind of 5. distributed physical amount detecting devices based on spectrum scan according to claim 4, it is characterised in that institute
It is optical transmitting set to state transmitter.
A kind of 6. distributed physical amount detecting devices based on spectrum scan according to claim 3, it is characterised in that institute
Stating signal receiving unit also includes reception amplifier and demodulator circuit, the reception amplifier, demodulator circuit and signal storage
It is sequentially connected in series with processing unit.
A kind of 7. distributed physical amount detecting devices based on spectrum scan according to claim 6, it is characterised in that institute
It is light-receiving amplifier to state reception amplifier, and uses AC coupled.
A kind of 8. distributed physical amount detecting devices based on spectrum scan according to claim 3, it is characterised in that institute
Signal transmitter unit is stated to wait frequency interval transmitting sinusoidal modulation signal.
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| CN103630743A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-03-12 | 电子科技大学 | Method for correcting frequency of heterodyne type frequency spectrum analyzer |
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| CN101315397A (en) * | 2008-06-25 | 2008-12-03 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Amplitude phase measuring method |
| US9176521B2 (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2015-11-03 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Signal generation for spectral measurements |
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| CN102540260A (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2012-07-04 | 富士施乐株式会社 | Sensing device and sensing method |
| CN103630743A (en) * | 2013-12-16 | 2014-03-12 | 电子科技大学 | Method for correcting frequency of heterodyne type frequency spectrum analyzer |
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