CN104892526A - Preparation method of 2,5-dichloro-N-(2-isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidine-4-amine - Google Patents

Preparation method of 2,5-dichloro-N-(2-isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidine-4-amine Download PDF

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CN104892526A
CN104892526A CN201510339069.1A CN201510339069A CN104892526A CN 104892526 A CN104892526 A CN 104892526A CN 201510339069 A CN201510339069 A CN 201510339069A CN 104892526 A CN104892526 A CN 104892526A
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isopropylsulfonyl
phenyl
reaction
dichloro
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王元
宋金峰
唐文生
何训贵
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2Y-CHEM LTD
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D239/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings
    • C07D239/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D239/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D239/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D239/32—One oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atom
    • C07D239/42—One nitrogen atom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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    • C07C317/00—Sulfones; Sulfoxides
    • C07C317/26—Sulfones; Sulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups and nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups, bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C317/32—Sulfones; Sulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups and nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups, bound to the same carbon skeleton with sulfone or sulfoxide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C317/34—Sulfones; Sulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups and nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups, bound to the same carbon skeleton with sulfone or sulfoxide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton having sulfone or sulfoxide groups and amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings being part of the same non-condensed ring or of a condensed ring system containing that ring
    • C07C317/38—Sulfones; Sulfoxides having sulfone or sulfoxide groups and nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups, bound to the same carbon skeleton with sulfone or sulfoxide groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton having sulfone or sulfoxide groups and amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings being part of the same non-condensed ring or of a condensed ring system containing that ring with the nitrogen atom of at least one amino group being part of any of the groups, X being a hetero atom, Y being any atom, e.g. N-acylaminosulfones
    • C07C317/40—Y being a hydrogen or a carbon atom
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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C323/00—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups
    • C07C323/23—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups, bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C323/39—Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups, bound to the same carbon skeleton at least one of the nitrogen atoms being part of any of the groups, X being a hetero atom, Y being any atom
    • C07C323/40—Y being a hydrogen or a carbon atom
    • C07C323/41—Y being a hydrogen or an acyclic carbon atom
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    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links

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Abstract

The invention relates to a novel preparation method of 2,5-dichloro-N-(2-isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidine-4-amine. According to the method, o-aminothiophenol is taken as the starting raw material, and 2,5-dichloro-N-(2-isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidine-4-amine is obtained after 5 steps including alkylation, acylation, oxidation, hydrolysis and coupling. Compared with the conventional processes, the process does not use a stinking isopropyl mercaptan reagent and is more environment-friendly. Raw materials for the whole synthesis route are easy to get, the operation of a reaction unit is simple and convenient, and the method is suitable for industrial production.

Description

Preparation method of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidine-4-amine
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidine-4-amine and application thereof in preparation of ceritinib.
Background
Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with the highest incidence worldwide, and is increasing at a rate of more than 3% per year due to various factors such as the environment. While in the diagnosed patients 80-85% of them are non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC), of which 2-7% are driven by Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) rearrangement (rearrangement), resulting in accelerated growth of cancer cells and worsening of the disease. Ceritinib is an oral, selective ALK inhibitor, and has made breakthrough progress in the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in clinical studies. Christinib was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of 29 U.S. 4.2014 for the treatment of patients with exacerbation of disease after treatment with Xalkori (crizotinib) or anaplastic lymphoma kinase positive (ALK +) metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) intolerant to Xalkori.
The preparation method of the literature [ J.Med.chem.2013,56,5675-5690] ceritinib (LDK378) which is disclosed at present is as follows:
the synthesis of the key intermediate compound 7(2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine) is a very important synthetic step. According to the literature (WO2008073687) and the results of research, it is found that when the intermediate compound 7 is synthesized from the intermediate compounds 5 and 6, an excessive amount of sodium hydrogen needs to be used for reaction in a mixed solvent of DMSO and DMF, the sodium hydrogen is flammable and explosive, the danger is high in production operation, and the reaction conversion rate can reach 60%, but since the intermediate compound 7 is easily decomposed under a strong alkaline condition, the yield can reach about 45% in a small scale (below 10 g), and after 1Kg is exceeded, the yield is greatly reduced and is lower than 30%, and in the post-treatment process, the solvents DMSO, DMF and the excessive intermediate 6 are difficult to be washed away, the post-treatment is complicated, and the pollution is also greatly caused. In addition, the obtained intermediate compound 7 can be used for preparing ceritinib only by column chromatography purification, the loss in the purification process is over 30%, so that the overall yield of the route is low (the total yield is still lower than 20% calculated from the compound 5), the cost is high, the operation is dangerous, and the method is not suitable for industrial production. The requirements for raw material medicines are very large because the market demand of ceritinib is very large and the dosage of the preparation is also very large, which brings great difficulty to industrial production.
The synthetic route of intermediate 5 was found by literature search to be (WO 2011140338):
however, o-nitrofluorobenzene, the starting material, is expensive, and isopropyl mercaptan is an extremely malodorous reagent, approaching the highest grade 5 of odor intensity (grade 4.5 hydrogen sulfide), and inhalation can lead to olfactory loss. It is largely impossible to use it in large scale because it causes serious environmental accidents in production. Meanwhile, due to the influence of sulfur element in the isopropyl mercaptan, palladium poisoning is caused in the subsequent palladium-carbon catalyzed hydrogenation reaction, so that more catalysts are needed, the weight percentage is up to 10%, and the catalysts need to be supplemented in batches, so that the production cost is high, and serious potential safety hazard is caused because the reactor is continuously opened to supplement palladium-carbon in the hydrogenation process.
In later studies, researchers have proposed the use of less odorous ortho-aminothiophenols as starting materials for the preparation of compound 2 (J.Med.chem.2002,45, 2229-.
However, the strong base potassium tert-butoxide still needs to be used in the reaction, and the reaction in absolute ethyl alcohol consumes more solvent. However, in the subsequent step, there is no report on how to oxidize compound 2 to the target (compound 5). If the oxidation is carried out using hydrogen peroxide or peracetic acid according to the usual oxidation of sulfides to sulfones, the reaction is very heterogeneous with essentially no product, since the amino groups are also readily oxidized.
After the acyl protection is carried out on the compound 2, hydrogen peroxide or peracetic acid is used for oxidation, and the thioether has strong electron-withdrawing capability after being generated into sulfone, so that the ortho-position amine protecting group is easy to dissociate, and the deprotected amine is easy to oxidize, so that the reaction still has a very complicated reaction by using a common oxidant, and basically no expected product exists.
Even if compound 5 is obtained using a process which is very uneconomical and not suitable for industrialization, the coupling of compound 5 and compound 6 must be carried out using sodium hydrogen or a stronger base according to the prior art. When strong alkali is used, the whole reaction system can be blackened to generate tar-like substances, so that the reaction yield is very low (the reaction yield of more than 1Kg is not more than 30%. WO2011140338 repeats the experiment, column chromatography is needed to obtain the product, and the yield is only 33%), and the treatment is not easy. The use of strong bases such as sodium hydrogen, which release large amounts of hydrogen during the reaction, can present a significant safety hazard during production. Reaction is easy to lose control in the reaction process, and a large amount of hydrogen and heat are released, so that great potential safety hazard is brought to production. A large amount of hydrogen and heat can be generated in subsequent quenching reaction, and serious potential safety hazard exists. And a large amount of waste residues and waste liquid are generated in the post-treatment, and the waste residues and the waste liquid are extremely odorous and have great irritation, so that even trace contact can cause serious anaphylactic reaction, and great harm is brought to the environment.
Therefore, a new process which is suitable for industrial production, safe, environment-friendly, easy to operate, low in manufacturing cost and stable and excellent in product quality needs to be developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel intermediate for preparing ceritinib and a preparation method thereof, and the intermediate is simple in process route, cheap in raw materials, safe and easily available, environment-friendly, easy to operate and suitable for industrial production. The intermediate compound 7 obtained by the preparation method has low cost and stable and excellent product quality. The total yield thereof was found to be 68%.
The inventors have made extensive studies to find that it is convenient to obtain intermediate compound 5 by reacting essentially odorless amino thiophenol as a starting material with halogenated isopropane in an alkaline environment, acylating the reaction product, oxidizing the product, and deprotecting the product. The intermediate compound 5 is smoothly coupled with the compound 6 in the weak alkaline environment such as carbonate under the catalysis of the catalytic amount of the palladium complex, and the high-purity intermediate compound 7 is obtained. The method avoids using dangerous reagents such as sodium hydrogen and the like, simultaneously reduces the steps of water quenching and water washing in the post-treatment, directly evaporates the solvent, cools and filters to obtain a purer product, reduces the reaction volume, improves the production efficiency, basically generates no waste liquid, and improves the environmental friendliness.
The present invention provides a process for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine, the specific synthetic route is shown below (examples will allow a person skilled in the art to more fully understand the invention, but they do not limit it in any way):
wherein,
(a) compound 1 and CH3CH(CH3) X is subjected to alkylation reaction to generate a compound 2, wherein X is halogen Cl, Br, I or methylsulfonyl, trifluoromethanesulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl or substituted phenylsulfonyl, the substitution refers to substitution by one or more of methyl, ethyl and isopropyl, the reaction is carried out in the presence of a solvent and alkali, the solvent is water, and the alkali is selected from sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide or a mixture of the sodium hydroxide and the potassium hydroxide;
(b) the compound 2 and an acylating reagent are subjected to acylation reaction to generate a compound 3, wherein the acylating reagent is acetic anhydride RCOOCOR or acyl chloride RCOX ', R is straight-chain or branched-chain C1-C6 alkyl, and X' is halogen; preferably, R is methyl or ethyl;
(c) carrying out oxidation reaction on the compound 3 and an oxidant to generate a compound 4;
(d) the compound 4 is hydrolyzed in a solvent to generate a compound 5;
(e) and (3) carrying out coupling reaction on the compound 5 and the compound 6 to generate a compound 7, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of a palladium catalyst and a base, and the base is one or a mixture of more of cesium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium tert-butoxide and sodium tert-butoxide.
Further, in the step (a), X is Cl, Br or I. The raw material cost, the reaction activity, the yield and the product purity are comprehensively considered, and the optimization is one step, wherein X is Br; the reaction temperature is 20-100 ℃; further optimizing the reaction temperature to be controlled at 40-50 ℃; the solvent is water; the reaction is good when the base is sodium hydroxide, and no solvent is consumed.
The reaction of step (b) may be carried out in the presence of a solvent, which is acetic acid or dichloromethane;
further, in the step (b), the acylating agent is acid anhydride or acid chloride; optimizing one step, comprehensively considering the cost and the reaction activity, the yield and the product purity, and selecting an acylation reagent as acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride; when the acylating agent is acetic anhydride, the solvent is acetic acid, and the reaction temperature is 20-100 ℃. When the acylating agent is acetyl chloride, the solvent can be selected from dichloromethane, and the acylation reaction can be carried out in the presence of a base selected from triethylamine, pyridine or diisopropylethylamine; in consideration of environmental protection, odor and cost, the base is preferably triethylamine. The reaction temperature was controlled at-20 to 50 ℃. Further considering the cost of the whole process, the acylation reagent is acetic anhydride, the solvent is acetic acid, the reaction temperature is 20-100 ℃, and the reaction system is directly used for the next step without further treatment. Of course, the condensation of the corresponding carboxylic acids with amino groups to give the corresponding amides can also be carried out with DCC or EDC condensing agents.
Further, in the step (c), the oxidizing agent is selected from sodium perborate, sodium perborate tetrahydrate, potassium perborate, peracetic acid, perbenzoic acid, m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, or hydrogen peroxide. The reaction may be carried out in the presence of a solvent selected from toluene, tetrahydrofuran, acetic acid, water or lower alcohols. And the method is optimized in one step, the cost, the environmental protection, the operability and the industrialization adaptability are comprehensively considered, and the oxidizing agent is sodium perborate tetrahydrate or sodium perborate. The solvent is acetic acid; the reaction temperature is 20-100 ℃. Using such conditions, step (b) and step (c) may be performed stepwise, or the reaction of step (b) may be used in step (c) without post-treatment, and post-treatment in step (c) is also more convenient.
Further, in the step (d), the reaction is carried out in the presence of a base and a solvent. More optimally, the alkali can be one or a mixture of more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium methoxide, potassium methoxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate or potassium tert-butoxide, considering the cost, the reaction activity, the operability and the industrialization adaptability comprehensively. The alkali in the first step is preferably sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or a mixture of the sodium hydroxide and the potassium hydroxide; the solvent is one or more selected from water, methanol, ethanol, and isopropanol. Further optimizing that the alkali is sodium hydroxide and the solvent is a mixed solvent of water and ethanol; the reaction temperature is 40-100 ℃. The solvent is further optimized to be a mixed solvent of water and ethanol in a mass ratio of 0.1-10.
In the step (e), the one-step palladium catalyst is preferably selected from palladium, palladium salt or a mixture of one or more of them and a ligand, and a catalyst (complex of palladium or palladium salt and ligand) is formed in the reaction system, or a commercially available palladium and ligand shaped palladium catalyst is used. Further optimizing, comprehensively considering the cost, the reaction activity, the operability and the industrialization adaptability, wherein the palladium catalyst is a complex compound of palladium salt and a ligand, and the palladium salt is selected from palladium acetate, palladium chloride and the like; the ligand is selected from triphenylphosphine, xanthphos, X-Phos or 1,1' -bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene. Further optimizing palladium salt as palladium acetate; the ligand is triphenylphosphine xanthphos, X-Phos or 1,1' -bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene. The shaped palladium catalyst includes tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium, bis (triphenylphosphine) palladium dichloride, triphenylphosphine palladium acetate, or 1,1' -bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene palladium chloride, etc., but is not limited thereto. The alkali in the reaction is preferably cesium carbonate or potassium carbonate; the reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a solvent, which is toluene; the reaction temperature is 70-130 ℃.
Disclosed herein are compounds of formula (3) and compounds of formula (4), which are important intermediates for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine (compound 7):
wherein R is a linear or branched C1-C6 alkyl group, preferably, R is methyl or ethyl.
Compound 7 can be used for coupling with the hydrochloride salt of the piperidine intermediate (compound 8) or hydrate thereof or Boc-protected compound to give Ceritinib (Ceritinib, or LDK-378).
The structural formula of compound 8 is:
the overall reaction formula is shown below:
the method uses o-aminothiophenol as a starting material and adopts the routes of alkylation, acylation, oxidation, hydrolysis and palladium catalytic coupling; in the aspect of environmental protection, extremely malodorous isopropyl mercaptan is avoided, the post-treatment of each step is very simple, and no highly-polluted waste liquid or waste residue is generated basically; in the aspects of industrial adaptability and safety, dangerous sodium hydrogen is avoided.
Therefore, the method greatly reduces the risk of post-treatment and generates a large amount of toxic and harmful waste liquid, greatly improves the safety and the environmental friendliness of producing the key intermediate compound 7, greatly reduces the production cost, and greatly improves the safety, the operability and the feasibility of industrial production, thereby providing a new method for greatly reducing the cost of the product ceritinib. In addition, the compound 7 obtained by the route has high purity, stable quality and can prepare high-purity ceritinib stably.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
EXAMPLE 2- (isopropylmercapto) aniline
Ortho-aminothiophenol (99.00g), water (300mL) were added to the reaction flask and stirred. Aqueous NaOH solution. 116.85g of 2-bromopropane was added dropwise. After the dropwise addition, the temperature is raised to 40-50 ℃ for reaction for 2 hours. After the reaction, the mixture was cooled and extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The organic phases were combined and washed once with water. The solvent was distilled off to leave 125.6g of 2- (isopropylmercapto) aniline. The yield thereof was found to be 95%.
MS(ESI+):168.1(M+1)+。
EXAMPLE bis N- (2- (isopropylthio) phenyl) acetamide
2- (isopropylmercapto) aniline (132g), acetic acid (132mL) was added to the reaction flask. Stirring and heating to 40 ℃. Acetic anhydride (96.80g) was added dropwise. After the addition was completed, the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. After the reaction, the mixture was poured into ice water and extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The organic phases were combined and washed once with water. The solvent was distilled off to leave 161.9g of N- (2- (isopropylthio) phenyl) acetamide. The yield thereof was found to be 98%.
MS(ESI+):210.1(M+1)+。1H NMR(CDCl3):8.40(d,4.0,1H),7.47-7.49(m,1H),7.30-7.34(m,1H),7.00-7.04(m,1H),3.09-3.14(m,1H),2.21(s,3H),1.28-1.32(d,2.6,6H)。
EXAMPLE tris N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) acetamide
N- (2- (isopropylthio) phenyl) acetamide (165g), acetic acid (330mL) was added to the reaction flask. Stirring and heating to 40 ℃. Sodium perborate tetrahydrate (364g) was added in portions. After the addition was complete, stirring was continued for 2 hours at 40 ℃. Heating to 50-60 ℃ and continuing the reaction until the reaction is finished. Cooling to 20-30 deg.C. Added to ice water. Suction filtration and washing of the filter cake twice with water. The filter cake was collected. After drying, 173g of N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) acetamide was obtained as a tan solid. The yield thereof is 91%
MS(ESI+):242.1(M+1)+。1H NMR(CDCl3):8.46-8.50(m,1H),7.79-7.83(m,1H),7.59-7.65(m,1H),7.20-7.25(m,1H),3.16-3.22(m,1H),1.28-1.32(m,6H)。
Example TetraN- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) acetamide
2- (isopropylmercapto) aniline (167g), methylene chloride (1670mL) was added to the reaction flask. M-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (518g) was added portionwise with stirring. And continuing the reaction after the addition is finished until the reaction is finished. Adding ice water, separating, and collecting an organic phase. Washing once with water, washing once with sodium bicarbonate water solution, washing once with water, and evaporating to dryness to obtain 185g of tan solid N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) acetamide. The yield thereof was found to be 96%.
MS(ESI+):242.1(M+1)+。1H NMR(CDCl3):8.46-8.50(m,1H),7.79-7.83(m,1H),7.59-7.65(m,1H),7.20-7.25(m,1H),3.16-3.22(m,1H),2.20-2.22(m，3H),1.28-1.32(m,6H)。
EXAMPLE penta-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) acetamide
2- (isopropylmercapto) aniline (132g), acetic acid (132mL) was added to the reaction flask. Stirring and heating to 40 ℃. Acetic anhydride (96.80g) was added dropwise. After the addition was completed, the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. Sodium perborate tetrahydrate (364g) was added in portions. After the addition was complete, stirring was continued for 2 hours at 40 ℃. Heating to 50-60 ℃ and continuing the reaction until the reaction is finished. Cooling to 20-30 deg.C. Added to 800g of ice water. Suction filtration and washing of the filter cake twice with water. The filter cake was collected. After drying, 170g of N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) acetamide was obtained as a tan solid. The yield thereof was found to be 89%.
MS(ESI+):242.1(M+1)+。1H NMR(CDCl3):8.46-8.50(m,1H),7.79-7.83(m,1H),7.59-7.65(m,1H),7.20-7.25(m,1H),3.16-3.22(m,1H),2.20-2.22(m，3H),1.28-1.32(m,6H)。
EXAMPLE six 2- (isopropylsulfonyl) aniline
N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) acetamide (120.00g), 60mL of 95% ethanol was added to a 1L three-necked flask. The NaOH solution was added. Heating to 70 ℃, and stirring until the reaction is complete. 240mL of ice water was added thereto, and the mixture was cooled to 10 ℃ or lower. Filtering, washing the filter cake with water, and collecting the filter cake. Drying to obtain 94g of 2- (isopropylsulfonyl) aniline as a tan solid. The yield thereof was found to be 95%.
MS(ESI+):200.1(M+1)+。1H NMR(CDCl3):7.60-7.65(m,1H),7.31-7.35(m,1H),6.76-6.79(m,1H),6.72(d,4.0,1H),3.30-3.45(m,1H),1.27-1.31(m,6H)。
Example hepta-2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine
2- (isopropylsulfonyl) aniline (100g), 2,4, 5-trichloropyrimidine (125g), palladium acetate (2.2g), triphenylphosphine (6.7g), cesium carbonate (200g) and toluene (1L) were added to a reaction flask, and the mixture was heated to reflux under nitrogen protection until the reaction was complete. Cooled to below 50 ℃, ethyl acetate (500mL) was added, filtered and the filtrate collected. Concentrating the filtrate, adding methyl tert-butyl ether, crystallizing, filtering, and collecting the filter cake. Drying to obtain light yellow solid 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidine-4-amine 148 g. The yield thereof was found to be 85%.
MS(ESI+):346.1(M+1)+。1H NMR(CDCl3):9.61(s,1H),8.16-8.19(d,4.4,1H),7.84-7.85(d,0.8,1H),7.45-7.48(m,1H),7.26-7.30(m,1H)6.85-6.89(m,1H),2.74-2.78(m,1H),0.85-0.88(d,3.4,6H)。
Example eight 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine
2- (isopropylsulfonyl) aniline (100g), 2,4, 5-trichloropyrimidine (138g), palladium acetate (0.25g), Xantphos (1.27g), potassium carbonate (300g) and toluene (2L) were added to a reaction flask, and the mixture was heated to reflux under nitrogen protection until the reaction was complete. Cooled to below 50 ℃, ethyl acetate (1000mL) was added, filtered and the filtrate collected. Concentrating the filtrate, adding methyl tert-butyl ether, crystallizing, filtering, and collecting the filter cake. Drying to obtain light yellow solid 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidine-4-amine 148 g. The yield thereof was found to be 90%.
MS(ESI+):346.1(M+1)+。1H NMR(CDCl3):9.61(s,1H),8.16-8.19(d,4.4,1H),7.84-7.85(d,0.8,1H),7.45-7.48(m,1H),7.26-7.30(m,1H)6.85-6.89(m,1H),2.74-2.78(m,1H),0.85-0.88(d,3.4,6H)。
Example nine 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine
2- (isopropylsulfonyl) aniline (100g), 2,4, 5-trichloropyrimidine (138g), [1,1' -bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene ] palladium dichloride (1.0g), potassium carbonate (300g) and toluene (2L) are added into a reaction bottle, and the mixture is heated to reflux under the protection of nitrogen until the reaction is finished. Cooled to below 50 ℃, ethyl acetate (1000mL) was added, filtered and the filtrate collected. Concentrating the filtrate, adding methyl tert-butyl ether, crystallizing, filtering, and collecting the filter cake. Drying to obtain light yellow solid 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidine-4-amine 148 g. The yield thereof was found to be 88%.
MS(ESI+):346.1(M+1)+。1H NMR(CDCl3):9.61(s,1H),8.16-8.19(d,4.4,1H),7.84-7.85(d,0.8,1H),7.45-7.48(m,1H),7.26-7.30(m,1H)6.85-6.89(m,1H),2.74-2.78(m,1H),0.85-0.88(d,3.4,6H)。
EXAMPLE preparation of deca 5-chloro-N- (2-isopropoxy-5-methyl-4- (piperidin-4-ylphenyl) -N-2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) -2, 4-diamine dihydrochloride
2-Isopropoxy-5-methyl-4- (piperidin-4-yl) aniline dihydrochloride (17.00g) and 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine (18.32g) were charged into a 500mL three-necked flask and 170mL of isopropanol was added. The reaction was heated to reflux with stirring overnight. Cooling to room temperature, filtering, washing and collecting filter cakes. The filter cake was dried to give 30.4g of 5-chloro-N- (2-isopropoxy-5-methyl-4- (piperidin-4-ylphenyl) -N-2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) -2, 4-diamine dihydrochloride as a pale yellow solid. The yield thereof was found to be 91%.
MS(ESI+):558.1(M+1)+。1H NMR(DMSO-d6):10.15(s,1H),9.18-9.38(m,3H),8.54(s,1H),8.06-8.08(m,1H),7.92-7.94(d,3.2,1H)7.73-7.77(t,3.8,1H),7.54-7.58(t,4.0,1H),7.31(s,1H),6.82(s,1H),4.51-4.57(m,1H),3.45-3.52(m,1H),3.30-3.32(d,5.8,2H),2.93-3.03(m,3H),1.89-1.99(m,5H),1.73-1.77(d,6.4,2H),1.24-1.26(d,3.2,6H),1.10-1.111(d,3.2,6H)。
EXAMPLE preparation of undec-5-chloro-N- (2-isopropoxy-5-methyl-4- (piperidin-4-ylphenyl) -N-2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) -2, 4-diamine (LDK-378)
5-chloro-N- (2-isopropoxy-5-methyl-4- (piperidin-4-ylphenyl) -N-2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) -2, 4-diamine dihydrochloride (6.31g) was added to a 50mL three-necked flask. 19g of aqueous acetone (3:1, v/v) were added. The mixture was heated to 55 ℃ with stirring, and 10g of an approximately 10% aqueous NaOH solution were added dropwise. After the addition was complete, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, diluted with 42g of purified water and stirred for 1 hour. Filtering and collecting filter cakes. The filter cake was dried under vacuum to give 5.19g of 5-chloro-N- (2-isopropoxy-5-methyl-4- (piperidin-4-ylphenyl) -N-2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) -2, 4-diamine as an off-white solid. The yield thereof was found to be 93%.
MS(ESI+):558.1(M+1)+。1HNMR(DMSO-d6):8.44(d,3.4,1H),8.20(s,1H),8.02(s,1H),7.80-7.82(m,1H),7.56-7.60(m,1H),7.49(s,1H),7.30-7.33(m,1H),6.80(s,1H),4.49-4.54(m,1H),3.42-3.47(m,1H),3.02(d,4.8,2H),2.57-2.72(m,3H),2.10(m,3H),1.47-1.60(m,4H),1.21(d,2.4,6H),1.14(d,2.6,6H)。
Comparative examples the literature [ J.Med.chem.2013,56,5675-5690] is repeated, using NaH, for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine
A solution of 2- (isopropylsulfonyl) aniline (100g) in DMF/DMSO (400mL, volume ratio 9/1) was added dropwise below 0 ℃ to a stirred suspension of NaH (28.85g) in a DMF/DMSO mixture (1000mL/100 mL). After stirring at 0 ℃ for 30 minutes, 2,4, 5-trichloropyrimidine (162g, 2eq) diluted in 400ml of DMF/DMSO (volume ratio: 9/1) was added dropwise. The solution was warmed to room temperature and stirred overnight. The reaction solution was slowly poured into ice water, extracted three times with ethyl acetate, and the organic phases were combined. Dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, the filtrate collected, and the filter cake washed with ethyl acetate. The filtrates were combined and concentrated to dryness. Column chromatography (silica gel column loaded, rinsed with heptane containing ethyl acetate (volume: 1% to 20%)) gave 43g of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine as a pale yellow solid. The yield thereof was found to be 24.7%.
MS(ESI+):346.1(M+1)+。1H NMR(CDCl3):9.61(s,1H),8.16-8.19(d,4.4,1H),7.84-7.85(d,0.8,1H),7.45-7.48(m,1H),7.26-7.30(m,1H)6.85-6.89(m,1H),2.74-2.78(m,1H),0.85-0.88(d,3.4,6H)。

Claims (22)

1. A method for preparing 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidine-4-amine comprises the following synthetic route:
wherein,
(a) compound 1 and CH3CH(CH3) Carrying out alkylation reaction on X to generate a compound 2; wherein X is halogen or a sulfonate leaving group, e.g. Cl, Br, I, methanesulfonylTrifluoromethanesulfonyl, benzenesulfonyl or substituted benzenesulfonyl, said substitution being by one or more of methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, the reaction being carried out in the presence of a solvent which is water and a base selected from sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide or mixtures thereof;
(b) the compound 2 and an acylating reagent are subjected to acylation reaction to generate a compound 3, wherein the acylating reagent is acetic anhydride RCOOCOR or acyl chloride RCOX ', R is straight-chain or branched-chain C1-C6 alkyl, and X' is halogen;
(c) carrying out oxidation reaction on the compound 3 and an oxidant to generate a compound 4;
(d) the compound 4 is hydrolyzed in a solvent to generate a compound 5;
(e) and (3) carrying out coupling reaction on the compound 5 and the compound 6 to generate a compound 7, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of a palladium catalyst and a base, and the base is one or a mixture of more of cesium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium tert-butoxide and sodium tert-butoxide.
2. The process for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (a), X is Cl, Br or I.
3. The process for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (a), the reaction temperature is 20-100 ℃.
4. The process for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (a), the reaction temperature is 40-50 ℃; the solvent is water; the base is sodium hydroxide.
5. The process for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (b), the acylating agent is acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride; the reaction of step (b) may be carried out in the presence of a solvent, which is acetic acid or dichloromethane.
6. The process for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the step (b), the acylating agent is acetic anhydride; carrying out solvent-free reaction, or using acetic acid as a solvent; the reaction temperature is 20-100 ℃.
7. The process for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine according to claim 6, characterized in that: in the step (b), the reaction system is used in the next step without further work-up.
8. The process for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the step (b), the acylating agent is acetyl chloride; the solvent is dichloromethane; the reaction temperature is-20-50 ℃; the reaction is carried out in the presence of a base, which is ethylamine, pyridine or diisopropylethylamine, preferably triethylamine.
9. The process for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (c), the oxidant is selected from sodium perborate, sodium perborate tetrahydrate, potassium perborate, perbenzoic acid, m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid or hydrogen peroxide; the reaction is carried out in the presence of a solvent selected from toluene, tetrahydrofuran, acetic acid, water or lower alcohols.
10. The process for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine according to claim 9, characterized in that: in the step (c), the oxidizing agent is sodium perborate tetrahydrate or sodium perborate; the solvent is acetic acid; the reaction temperature is 20-100 ℃.
11. The process for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (d), the reaction is carried out in the presence of a base, wherein the base is one or a mixture of more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium methoxide, potassium methoxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate and potassium tert-butoxide.
12. The process for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine according to claim 11, characterized in that: in the step (d), the alkali is selected from sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or a mixture of the two; the solvent is one or more of water, methanol, ethanol and isopropanol.
13. The process for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine according to claim 12, characterized in that: in the step (d), the alkali is sodium hydroxide; the solvent is a mixed solvent of water and ethanol; the reaction temperature is 40-100 ℃.
14. The process for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine according to claim 13, characterized in that: in the step (d), the solvent is a mixed solvent of water and ethanol with a mass ratio of 0.1 to 10.
15. The process for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (e), the palladium catalyst is selected from palladium, palladium salt or a mixture of one or more of the palladium, the palladium salt and the ligand, and a complex of the palladium or the palladium salt and the ligand is generated in the reaction system, or the palladium catalyst is a commercially available palladium and ligand molded palladium catalyst.
16. The process for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine according to claim 15, characterized in that: in the step (e), the palladium catalyst is a complex compound of palladium salt and ligand, and the palladium salt is selected from palladium acetate or palladium chloride; the ligand is selected from triphenylphosphine, xanthphos, X-Phos or 1,1' -bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene.
17. The process for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine according to claim 16, characterized in that: in the step (e), the palladium salt is palladium acetate; the ligand is triphenylphosphine, xanthphos, X-Phos or 1,1' -bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene; the alkali is cesium carbonate or potassium carbonate; the reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a solvent, which is toluene; the reaction temperature is 70-130 ℃.
18. The process for the preparation of 2, 5-dichloro-N- (2- (isopropylsulfonyl) phenyl) pyrimidin-4-amine according to claim 15, characterized in that: in the step (e), the palladium catalyst is tetrakis (triphenylphosphine) palladium or 1,1' -bis (diphenylphosphino) ferrocene palladium dichloride; the alkali is cesium carbonate or potassium carbonate; the reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a solvent, which is toluene; the reaction temperature is 70-130 ℃.
19. A compound of the general formula (3):
wherein R is a linear or branched C1-C6 alkyl group.
20. The compound of formula (3) according to claim 19, R is methyl or ethyl.
21. A compound of the general formula (4):
wherein R is a linear or branched C1-C6 alkyl group.
22. The compound of formula (4) according to claim 21, R is methyl or ethyl.
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