CN104890069B - A kind of CaCO3/ Wood composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of CaCO3/ Wood composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104890069B
CN104890069B CN201510358825.5A CN201510358825A CN104890069B CN 104890069 B CN104890069 B CN 104890069B CN 201510358825 A CN201510358825 A CN 201510358825A CN 104890069 B CN104890069 B CN 104890069B
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China
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solution
concentration
composite material
temperature
wood composite
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Chinese (zh)
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CN104890069A (en
Inventor
姚晓林
刘盛全
李晋玲
梅玉
黄勇同
宛翠秀
鲍金翔
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Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
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Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/08Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/025Controlling the process
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/16Inorganic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/20Compounds of alkali metals or ammonium
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/16Inorganic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/32Mixtures of different inorganic impregnating agents
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/04Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00Purpose of the treatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27KPROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K2240/00Purpose of the treatment
    • B27K2240/30Fireproofing

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of CaCO3The preparation method of/Wood composite material, including the step of timber is put in NaOH solution dried for standby after evacuation dipping and using MgCl2The step of solution impregnation.The invention further relates to prepare CaCO by said method3/ Wood composite material.The preparation method of the present invention improves the mechanical property and fire resistance of fast-growing forest timber, expands its range of application, makes low-grade timber reach the performance of high-grade timber.Composite, preparation process is simple are prepared using chemical precipitation method.

Description

A kind of CaCO3/ Wood composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to composite production field, in particular to a kind of CaCO3/ Wood composite material and its preparation Methods and applications.
Background technology
Current China non-renewable resources increasingly depleted, environment can't bear the heavy load, and are to ensure sustainable development, should make full use of Renewable, free of contamination biomass resource and biological material.Timber is most typical biological material in nature, extensively should Used in fields such as building, finishing and Furniture manufactures, but China's high-quality timber resources is seriously deficient at present, and high-quality importation of timber amount surpasses The 40% of consumption figure is crossed, very big supply breach occurs in lumber market.China's fast-growing woods area occupies the world more than 0.53 hectare First, but fast-growing woods wood quality is softer, poor mechanical property and incendive shortcoming seriously limits its application prospect.To fast-growing Forest timber strengthens closely knit modification, can not only improve its mechanical property, while also giving the work(such as wood preservation, fire-retardant and suppression cigarette Can, make fast-growing forest timber high performance and multifunction, for China speeds up to low-carbon green economy, realize timber industry and The sustainable development of Foresty industry has great importance.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of CaCO3The preparation method of/Wood composite material, is modified process to fast-growing forest timber, Overcome its own defect so as to which mechanical property and fire resistance are improved, expand the use range of fast-growing forest timber.
The present invention generates Calcium Carbonate in wood internal space by chemical precipitation method, prepares Calcium Carbonate/wood composite material Material, can solve the problem that softer fast-growing woods wood quality, poor mechanical property and incendive shortcoming.
Specifically, one aspect of the present invention is related to a kind of CaCO3The preparation method of/Wood composite material, including by timber It is put in NaOH solution after evacuation dipping the step of dried for standby;With with MgCl2The step of solution impregnation.Preferably, wherein The concentration of NaOH solution is 1%;MgCl2The concentration of solution is 30%.
The present invention a specific embodiment in, also including generate Calcium Carbonate the step of, adopt vacuum including (1) Depressurized system carries out CaCl to the timber Jing after evacuation dipping in NaOH solution2And MgCl2Solution impregnation, temperature control is 20 DEG C -100 DEG C, 2-5h is kept, and impregnates 12-48h at normal temperatures and pressures, then taken out test specimen and be placed in vacuum drying oven and dry; (2) Na is impregnated under repeat the above steps, vacuum decompression2CO3Solution, temperature control keep 2-5h, and room temperature at 20 DEG C -100 DEG C 24-60h is impregnated under normal pressure;(3) timber to processing in step (2) carries out washing desalting processing, takes out permanent after desalting processing Temperature is dried.
Preferably, CaCl2Solution concentration is 3.5mol/L;Na2CO3Solution concentration is 2.0mol/L.
Preferably, step (1), temperature is 20 DEG C in (2);3h is kept in step (1), 24h is impregnated at normal temperatures and pressures;Step Suddenly 3h is kept in (2), under normal temperature and pressure, 48h is impregnated.
Preferably, the wood source applied by the present invention is in fast-growing woods.
The present invention is mainly reacted in wood internal by calcium chloride and sodium carbonate, produces Calcium Carbonate, prepares Calcium Carbonate/wood Material composite.
The purpose of another aspect of the present invention is to provide a kind of CaCO3/ Wood composite material, which is prepared by said method Obtain.
Specifically, CaCO provided by the present invention3/ Wood composite material, its preparation method include for timber being put into NaOH In solution evacuation dipping after dried for standby the step of and and use MgCl2The step of solution impregnation.Preferably, wherein NaOH solution Concentration be 1%;MgCl2The concentration of solution is 30%.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, its preparation method also includes the step of generating Calcium Carbonate, including (1) CaCl is carried out to the timber Jing after evacuation dipping in NaOH solution using vacuum decompression system2And MgCl2Solution impregnation, temperature Degree control keeps 2-5h, and impregnates 12-48h at normal temperatures and pressures, then take out test specimen and be placed in vacuum drying at 20 DEG C -100 DEG C Dry in case;(2) Na is impregnated under repeat the above steps, vacuum decompression2CO3Solution, temperature control keep 2- at 20 DEG C -100 DEG C 24-60h is impregnated under 5h, and normal temperature and pressure;(3) timber to processing in step (2) carries out washing desalting processing, desalting processing After take out freeze-day with constant temperature.
Preferably, CaCl2Solution concentration is 3.5mol/L;Na2CO3Solution concentration is 2.0mol/L.
Preferably, step (1), temperature is 20 DEG C in (2);3h is kept in step (1), 24h is impregnated at normal temperatures and pressures;Step Suddenly 3h is kept in (2), under normal temperature and pressure, 48h is impregnated.
Preferably, the wood source applied by the present invention is in fast-growing woods.
The purpose of third aspect present invention is to provide CaCO3The application of/Wood composite material, is applied to build, fits up And Furniture manufacture.
The purpose of fourth aspect present invention is to provide a kind of method for improving Wood mechanical property and fire resistance, and which is special Levy be include for timber being put into the dipping of evacuation in NaOH solution after the step that is dried and and use MgCl2The step of solution impregnation Suddenly.Preferably, wherein the concentration of NaOH solution is 1%;MgCl2The concentration of solution is 30%.
The present invention a specific embodiment in, also including generate Calcium Carbonate the step of, adopt vacuum including (1) Depressurized system carries out CaCl to the timber Jing after evacuation dipping in NaOH solution2And MgCl2Solution impregnation, temperature control is 20 ℃-100℃;2-5h is kept, and impregnates 12-48h at normal temperatures and pressures, then taken out test specimen and be placed in drying in vacuum drying oven; (2) Na is impregnated under repeat the above steps, vacuum decompression2CO3Solution, temperature control is at 20 DEG C -100 DEG C;Keep 2-5h, and room temperature 24-60h is impregnated under normal pressure;(3) timber to processing in step (2) carries out washing desalting processing, takes out permanent after desalting processing Temperature is dried.
Preferably, CaCl2Solution concentration is 3.5mol/L;Na2CO3Solution concentration is 2.0mol/L.
Preferably, step (1), temperature is 20 DEG C in (2);3h is kept in step (1), 24h is impregnated at normal temperatures and pressures;Step Suddenly 3h is kept in (2), under normal temperature and pressure, 48h is impregnated.
Preferably, the wood source applied by the present invention is in fast-growing woods.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, the mechanical property and fire resistance of fast-growing forest timber are improve, its application is expanded Scope, makes low-grade timber reach the performance of high-grade timber.Composite, preparation process is simple are prepared using chemical precipitation method.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 represents wood internal structure optical microscope;
Fig. 2 represents timber x-ray diffractometer (XRD) figure;
Fig. 3 represents scanning electron microscope (SEM) figure;
Fig. 4 represents mechanical property figure;
Fig. 5 represents the anti-pressure ability figure of the timber after method of the present invention process;
Fig. 6 represents the impact processed using NaOH process and unused NaOH to timber anti-pressure ability.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
(1) Paulownia wooden unit is put into in the NaOH solution that concentration is 1% dried for standby after evacuation dipping.
(2) CaCl is carried out to test specimen using vacuum decompression system2And MgCl2Solution impregnation, CaCl2Solution concentration is 3.5mol/L, MgCl2The concentration of solution is 30%, and temperature is 20 DEG C, keeps 3h, and impregnates 24h, Ran Houqu at normal temperatures and pressures Go out test specimen and be placed in drying in vacuum drying oven.
(3) Na is impregnated under repeat the above steps, vacuum decompression2CO3Solution, Na2CO3Solution concentration is 2.0mol/L, temperature For 20 DEG C, keep impregnating 48h under 3h, and normal temperature and pressure.
(4) wooden unit to processing in step 3 carries out washing desalting processing, takes out freeze-day with constant temperature, obtain final product after desalting processing CaCO3/ Wood composite material.
To prepared CaCO3/ Wood composite material carries out test test, including optical microscope, X-ray diffraction Instrument (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) are observed (as Figure 1-3), and mechanics machine determines the resistance to compression under variable concentrations Intensity (as shown in Figure 4), experimental technique:Wooden unit test block surface is polished the CaCO for removing surface deposition with sand paper3, it is put into WDW Microcomputer controls omnipotent test machine for mechanism (Changchun testing machine factory) sphere movable bearing support center, and uniform pressurization makes sample at 2 points Destruction in clock, tests the axial compression strength of wooden unit.
As a result show, the wood internal structure for processing does not occur to destroy (as shown in Figure 1);The timber for processing occurs The absworption peak of Calcium Carbonate (as shown in Figure 2) and wood internal is distributed uniform calcium carbonate microparticle (as shown in Figure 3);With CaCl2The increase of solution concentration, the comprcssive strength of composite is in increase trend.
2 contrast experiment of embodiment
In contrast test, the wooden unit of experimental group is extracted with 1% NaOH solution dipping, CaCl2Solution concentration is 3.5mol/ L;Na2CO3Solution concentration is 2.0mol/L;Matched group saves the NaOH solution dipping extraction steps with 1%, other experimental procedures It is identical.
Test result indicate that:The rate of body weight gain of the wooden unit extracted through NaOH is 45.13%, and processed without NaOH The rate of body weight gain of wooden unit is 30.69%, illustrates the content of Calcium Carbonate in composite wood is improved through NaOH extractings;Mechanical property Aspect, the comprcssive strength of the wooden unit extracted through NaOH is 32.68MPa, and the pressure resistance of the wooden unit processed without NaOH Spend for 29.04MPa, illustrate the comprcssive strength of composite wood is improved through NaOH extractings, prepared composite it is anti- Compressive Strength averagely improves 30% or so.
As seen in figs. 5-6, the timber after method of the present invention process, its anti-pressure ability are remarkably reinforced, especially Jing After crossing NaOH process, its comprcssive strength is substantially better than the timber and material processed without NaOH, under identical displacement, institute's energy The pressure for bearing is bigger.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of CaCO3The preparation method of/Wood composite material, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) Paulownia wooden unit is put into in the NaOH solution that concentration is 1% dried for standby after evacuation dipping;
(2) CaCl is carried out to test specimen using vacuum decompression system2And MgCl2Solution impregnation, CaCl2Solution concentration is 3.5mol/L, MgCl2The concentration of solution is 30%, and temperature is 20 DEG C, keeps 3h, and impregnates 24h at normal temperatures and pressures, then takes out test specimen and put Dry in vacuum drying oven;
(3) Na is impregnated under repeat the above steps, vacuum decompression2CO3Solution, Na2CO3Solution concentration is 2.0mol/L, and temperature is 20 DEG C, keep impregnating 48h under 3h, and normal temperature and pressure;
(4) wooden unit to processing in step 3 carries out washing desalting processing, takes out freeze-day with constant temperature, obtain final product CaCO after desalting processing3/ Wood composite material.
2. the preparation-obtained CaCO of preparation method according to claim 13/ Wood composite material.
3. the CaCO described in claim 23The application of/Wood composite material, it is characterised in that be applied to build, fit up and furniture Manufacture.
4. a kind of method for improving Wood mechanical property and fire resistance, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) Paulownia wooden unit is put into in the NaOH solution that concentration is 1% dried for standby after evacuation dipping;
(2) CaCl is carried out to test specimen using vacuum decompression system2And MgCl2Solution impregnation, CaCl2Solution concentration is 3.5mol/L, MgCl2The concentration of solution is 30%, and temperature is 20 DEG C, keeps 3h, and impregnates 24h at normal temperatures and pressures, then takes out test specimen and put Dry in vacuum drying oven;
(3) Na is impregnated under repeat the above steps, vacuum decompression2CO3Solution, Na2CO3Solution concentration is 2.0mol/L, and temperature is 20 DEG C, keep impregnating 48h under 3h, and normal temperature and pressure;
(4) wooden unit to processing in step 3 carries out washing desalting processing, takes out freeze-day with constant temperature, obtain final product CaCO after desalting processing3/ Wood composite material.
CN201510358825.5A 2015-06-25 2015-06-25 A kind of CaCO3/ Wood composite material and preparation method thereof Expired - Fee Related CN104890069B (en)

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Cited By (1)

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IT201900011652A1 (en) * 2019-07-12 2021-01-12 Eng Consulting Promotion Sagl PROCESS FOR MINERALIZING WOOD AND MINERALIZED WOOD SO OBTAINED

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CN105382895A (en) * 2015-10-21 2016-03-09 苏州东邦家具有限公司 Preparing method of modified composite wood for furniture manufacturing
CN105538444B (en) * 2015-11-27 2017-10-24 安徽农业大学 One kind contains CaCO3/Mg(OH)2High-strength anti-flaming composite wood and preparation method thereof
CN106346581B (en) * 2016-09-21 2018-01-05 内蒙古农业大学 A kind of Wooden modifying processing method
CN108297220A (en) * 2017-12-20 2018-07-20 宜华生活科技股份有限公司 Fast growing wood is inorganic modified and microwave treatment combines method of modifying
CN108393977B (en) * 2018-05-08 2023-09-12 南京林业大学 High-stability formaldehyde-free functional decorative board and manufacturing method thereof
CN109015982B (en) * 2018-08-29 2020-07-10 南京林业大学 Preparation method for constructing super-hydrophobic layer on surface of bamboo/wood by utilizing geothermal water
CN112077966A (en) * 2020-09-16 2020-12-15 德华兔宝宝装饰新材股份有限公司 Environment-friendly flame-retardant wood modification method
CN113733273A (en) * 2021-08-24 2021-12-03 广西大学 Wood weight increasing and hardening method
CN113829459B (en) * 2021-09-23 2022-07-22 北京科技大学 Preparation method of artificially-degraded water-saturated wood
CN114953074B (en) * 2022-05-25 2022-12-06 安徽农业大学 Wood heat treatment method capable of carrying out in-situ restoration and modified wood obtained by same

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