CN104888974A - Vertical continuous discharging sedimentation centrifuge - Google Patents

Abstract

A vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge, including a motor, a drum, a screw pusher, a feed pipe, a slag discharge port, a liquid discharge port, an overflow port, a machine base and a centrifuge shell, the feed pipe and The distribution chamber in the screw pusher is connected, and the screw pusher is provided with a discharge port that communicates with the drum cavity. The centrifuge shell is installed on the machine base, and the motor is installed on the centrifuge shell. The shaft is connected to the input shaft on the screw pusher, the output shaft at one end of the drum is rotatably connected to the input shaft, and the other end of the drum is rotatably connected to the centrifuge shell and the screw pusher, and the screw pusher is rotatably connected. There is a differential transmission mechanism between the input shaft of the drum and the output shaft on the drum. The invention has the advantages that not only can the speed difference ratio between the drum and the screw propeller be smaller and very constant, the control part of the centrifuge is simple, but also the structure of the centrifuge is compact, the volume becomes smaller, and the production is simple .

Description

Vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge

technical field

The invention relates to a solid-liquid separation device, in particular to a vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge. .

Background technique

Centrifuge is a kind of solid-liquid separation equipment that uses centrifugal force to separate solid particles in suspension from liquid. Where the suspension is separated by settling. At present, the conventional centrifuge is mainly a horizontal screw discharge sedimentation centrifuge, which mainly includes a frame, a drum, a screw pusher, a differential, a feed pipe, a main motor, an auxiliary motor and two The frequency converters that control the speed of the main motor and the auxiliary motor respectively. The rotating shafts at both ends of the drum are supported on the frame respectively. The input shaft of the drum is connected to the output shaft of the main motor. The relative movement between the screw pusher and the drum is It is realized by the differential, the shell of the differential is connected with the drum, the output shaft of the differential is connected with the screw pusher, the input shaft of the differential is connected with the output shaft of the auxiliary motor, and the screw pusher is installed In the drum, the screw feeder is connected with the feed pipe, the screw feeder is provided with a feed port connected with the inner cavity of the drum, the large end of the drum is provided with an overflow port, and the small end of the drum is provided with Slag outlet. The working principle of the horizontal spiral unloading sedimentation centrifuge with the above structure is that the main motor drives the drum to rotate at high speed and also drives the rotation of the differential case. Since the input shaft of the differential is connected to the output shaft of the auxiliary motor, the auxiliary motor The motor generates braking torque to drive the planetary gear to run according to the designed transmission relationship, and transmit the torque to the screw propeller according to a certain comparative relationship, so as to drive the screw propeller to rotate in the same direction and not synchronously relative to the drum. The suspension that needs to be separated enters the drum from the feed pipe through the discharge port on the screw propeller. The rotating blades of the rotary drum are pushed to the small end of the drum and then discharged from the slag outlet, and the clarified liquid phase flows out from the overflow port at the large end of the drum, finally realizing solid-liquid separation.

The moisture content of the solid is a very important index to test the function of the centrifuge. We say that the drum generally includes a column section and a cone section. The screw pusher rotates in the same direction as the drum and does not rotate synchronously. From the column section is pushed to the cone section, the cone section has a certain cone angle, the time the solid stays in the cone section can be realized by changing the differential speed, and the length of the residence time is an important factor determining the moisture content of the solid, in other words , the smaller the differential speed ratio of the differential, the slower the solid material moves in the drum, so the dehydration effect of the drying section in the drum is more obvious, and the moisture content of the solid material is smaller.

After many years of use, it has been found that the horizontal screw discharge decanter centrifuge with the above structure has a defect, that is, the drum and the screw pusher in the prior art horizontal screw discharge decanter centrifuge are connected by a differential , and use the main and auxiliary motors to control the speed of the drum and the screw propeller respectively through the frequency converter to achieve the speed difference between them. Factors such as the amount of material and fluctuations will affect the load of the screw propeller, so that the adjusted speed difference will change, causing the control part of the centrifuge to continuously detect, adjust, and compensate to ensure the stability of the speed difference. The control part of the centrifuge becomes very complicated. For this reason, people also can simply use the speed changer to complete the speed difference between the drum and the screw pusher, but the speed difference is not satisfactory. According to some reports, a speed changer of 1/125 can be made at present, that is, It is said that a speed difference of 24 rpm can be obtained at a speed of 3000 rpm. We know that the smaller the speed difference, the less the moisture content of the solid material. Some centrifuges even require a speed difference lower than 7 rpm. Such a transmission is difficult to manufacture. The reason is that in order to achieve a small speed difference, the number of gear teeth in the transmission is required to be relatively large, and under a certain gear modulus, the outer diameter of the gear will increase. If it is made very large, it will not only increase the volume of the transmission and the centrifuge, but also bring certain troubles to the manufacture of the centrifuge.

In addition, the drum and the screw pusher in the prior art horizontal screw unloading decanter centrifuge are all checked and processed for dynamic balance without material. When the fluid material is added, due to the gravity The dynamic balance of the drum and the screw propeller is easily affected or even resonated.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a centrifuge that can not only make the speed difference ratio between the drum and the screw pusher smaller and very constant, the control part of the centrifuge is simple, but also make the structure of the centrifuge compact, The volume becomes smaller and the production is simple vertical continuous discharge decanter centrifuge.

The technical solution of the present invention is to provide a vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge with the following structure, which includes a motor, a drum, a screw pusher, a feed pipe, a slag outlet, a liquid outlet, an overflow mouth, machine base and centrifuge shell, the feed pipe communicates with the distribution chamber in the screw pusher, and the screw pusher is provided with a discharge port that communicates with the drum cavity, and the centrifuge shell is installed on the machine On the seat, the motor is installed on the centrifuge shell, the output shaft of the motor is connected with the input shaft on the screw pusher, the output shaft at one end of the drum is rotatably connected with the input shaft, and the other end of the drum is connected with the centrifuge shell and The screw pushers are respectively rotatably connected, wherein a differential transmission mechanism is provided between the input shaft on the screw pusher and the output shaft on the rotating drum.

After adopting the above structure, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is: not only can the speed difference ratio between the drum and the screw pusher be smaller and very constant, the control part of the centrifuge is simple, but also The structure of the centrifuge is compact, the volume is reduced, and the production and manufacture are simple.

The vertical continuous unloading sedimentation centrifuge according to the present invention, wherein the differential transmission mechanism includes a first-stage one-tooth differential transmission and a second-stage one-tooth differential transmission, and the first-stage one-tooth differential transmission is connected to the screw pusher The input shaft is connected, the second-stage one-tooth differential transmission is connected to the output shaft on the drum, and the first-stage one-tooth differential transmission is connected to the second-stage one-tooth differential transmission to form a mutual differential relationship.

The vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge according to the present invention, wherein the first-stage one-tooth differential transmission includes a first external gear and a first internal ring gear, and the number of teeth of the first internal ring gear is one more than the number of teeth of the first external gear. The first external gear is sleeved on the input shaft and engaged with the first internal ring gear, and the first internal ring gear is connected with the second-stage one-tooth differential transmission.

In the vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge according to the present invention, the number of teeth of the first external gear is twenty-four, and the number of teeth of the first inner ring gear is twenty-five.

The vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge according to the present invention, wherein the second-stage one-tooth differential transmission includes a second external gear and a first internal ring gear, the number of teeth of the first internal ring gear is one more than the number of teeth of the second external gear, The second external gear is sleeved on the output shaft and meshed with the first ring gear, and the first ring gear is connected with the first-stage one-tooth differential transmission.

In the vertical continuous discharge decanter centrifuge according to the present invention, the number of teeth of the second external gear is 22, and the number of teeth of the first internal gear is 23.

As an improvement, the vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge according to the present invention, wherein the centrifuge housing is vertically installed on the base, the motor is located on the top of the centrifuge housing, the liquid outlet and the feed pipe The feed ports are all located under the centrifuge shell, the slag outlet is located at the upper small end of the drum, and the overflow port is located at the bottom large end of the drum. It can be seen from the above structure that what the centrifuge of the present invention adopts is a centrifuge with a vertical structure. Compared with a general horizontal centrifuge, the vertical centrifuge will not intermittently affect the machine due to the size of the feed and the amount of feed. The dynamic balance will be affected, and there will be no resonance phenomenon. In addition, the vertical structure of the centrifuge of the present invention is also designed to be compact and beautiful. The lower part feeds and discharges liquid, and the upper part discharges solids. After the machine stops, there is no liquid or slag in the machine, and the operation is stable and reliable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The vertical continuous unloading sedimentation centrifuge of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

As shown in Figure 1, the vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge of the present invention comprises a motor 1, a drum 2, a screw pusher 3, a feed pipe 4, a slag outlet 5, a liquid outlet 6, an overflow port 27, Frame 7 and centrifuge housing 20. The feed pipe 4 communicates with the distributing chamber 8 in the screw propeller 3 , and the screw propeller 3 is provided with a discharge port 10 communicated with the drum cavity 9 of the rotating drum 2 . The centrifuge housing 20 is installed vertically on the base 7 , and the motor 1 is installed on the top of the centrifuge housing 20 . The liquid outlet 6 and the feeding port of the feeding pipe 4 are located below the centrifuge housing 20 , the slag outlet 5 is arranged at the upper small end of the drum 2 , and the overflow port 27 is located at the bottom large end of the drum 2 . The centrifuge housing 20 is provided with a slag removing mechanism 22 communicated with the slag outlet 5, and the slag removing mechanism 22 is connected with a slag discharging auger 23, because the slag removing mechanism 22 and the slag discharging auger 23 are both prior art , so it will not be described here. The output shaft of the motor 1 is connected with the input shaft 18 on the screw pusher 3 through a shaft coupling 24 and the shaft sleeve 11, and the shaft sleeve 11 is tightly sleeved on the input shaft 18, and the shaft sleeve 11 is connected with the shaft coupling 24. The output shaft 19 at one end of the drum 2 is rotatably connected to the input shaft 18 on the screw pusher 3 through bearings, and the other end of the drum 2 is rotatably connected to the centrifuge housing 20 and the screw pusher 3 through bearings respectively.

Between the input shaft 18 on the screw propeller 3 and the output shaft 19 on the drum 2, there is a compact structure, smaller volume, which can make the speed difference between the input shaft 18 and the output shaft 19 smaller and very constant. The differential transmission mechanism includes a first-stage one-tooth differential transmission and a second-stage one-tooth differential transmission. The first-stage one-tooth differential transmission includes a first external gear 12 and a first ring gear 13, the number of teeth of the first ring gear 13 is one more than the number of teeth of the first external gear 12, and the first external gear 12 is sleeved on the input shaft 18 And meshes with the first ring gear 13 . The second-stage one-tooth differential transmission includes a second external gear 14 and a second ring gear 15, the number of teeth of the second ring gear 15 is one more than the number of teeth of the second external gear 14, and the second external gear 14 is sleeved on the output shaft 19 And meshes with the first ring gear 15 .

The second ring gear 15 and the first ring gear 13 are fixedly connected by pins, so that a linkage ring gear is formed between the second ring gear 15 and the first ring gear 13, and the first-stage one-tooth difference The transmission and the second-stage one-tooth differential transmission form a mutual differential relationship. In addition, the first inner ring gear 13 is connected with a gear upper splint 16, and the second inner ring gear 15 is connected with a gear lower splint 17. The gear upper splint 16 is rotatably connected to the input shaft 18 through a bearing, and the gear lower splint 17 is connected through a bearing. It is rotatably connected with the output shaft 19. The gear upper clamping plate 16 and the gear lower clamping plate 17 can fix and limit the first external gear 12 , the first internal ring gear 13 , the second external gear 14 and the second internal ring gear 15 . A cooling water jacket 21 is provided between the centrifuge housing 20 and the first external gear 12 , the first internal ring gear 13 , the second external gear 14 , the second internal ring gear 15 , the gear upper splint 16 and the gear lower splint 17 , The function of the cooling water jacket 21 is to cool down the centrifuge in time, effectively reduce the heat generated by the harmonic gear rotation, and ensure the machine to run in a balanced and reliable manner. A flange 25 is provided at the bottom of the machine base 7. When necessary, the present invention can be directly installed on the reaction kettle, which is suitable for technical occasions such as suspension polymerization and crystallization. At this time, it is only necessary to seal the liquid outlet 6 and open the lower part. Inside the cover 26, the clear liquid can flow back to the reactor, while the solid material produced by the reactor is directly exported by the upper slag auger 23 continuously.

The design idea of the structure of the two-to-one-tooth differential transmission in the vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge of the present invention is as follows: if we want to make a 1/200 differential transmission, according to the principle of one-tooth difference, a The gear has 200 teeth, and one gear has 199 teeth. In this way, there is a difference of 1 revolution every 200 revolutions. Assuming that under a certain modulus requirement, the outer diameter of the gear will be very large, but if we make a pair of 1/40 A pair of 1/50 transmissions are different from each other, that is, 1/40-1/50=1/200, so that a certain modulus requirement is guaranteed, and the outer diameter of the gear will not be made too large, and the speed ratio will also be reduced. met the requirements. Through such thinking, the present invention just can realize the differential transmission of any differential speed ratio.

In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the number of teeth of the first external gear 12 is twenty-four, the number of teeth of the first internal ring gear 13 is twenty-five, the number of teeth of the second external gear 14 is twenty-two, and the number of teeth of the second external gear 14 is twenty-two. A ring gear 15 has twenty-three teeth. After adopting the above number of teeth, the differential speed ratio between the drum and the screw pusher in the vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge of the present invention is 1/23-1/25=0.00345, and the differential speed ratio has reached below 0.4%. That is to say, a 1/288 differential transmission is made. At a speed of 3000 rpm, 3000×0.00345=10.4, so we have a speed difference of about 10 rpm, which effectively improves the speed difference of the present invention. The dehydration effect greatly reduces the moisture content of the solid.

The advantage of vertical continuous unloading sedimentation centrifuge of the present invention is:

1. Unlike the centrifuge in the prior art that uses two motors, the main motor and the auxiliary motor, and a differential to realize the speed difference between the drum and the screw pusher, the vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge of the present invention only uses one motor , and through the innovative design of two sets of one-tooth differential transmissions and then mutual difference to replace the differential gear commonly used in the prior art, so that not only the differential speed ratio between the drum and the screw pusher is smaller, but also no Affected by the load of the machine, the differential speed ratio is very constant, which ensures the simplification of the control part of the centrifuge.

2. Since the present invention adopts a structure in which two sets of one-tooth differential transmissions are used for mutual difference, therefore, under the requirement of a certain modulus, the first external gear 12, the first internal ring gear 13, the second The external diameters of the external gear 14 and the second internal ring gear 15 do not need to be very large, and the speed difference between the drum and the screw pusher can also meet the requirements, and the two groups of one-tooth differential transmissions are then carried out with each other. This kind of structure can make us do the differential transmission of any differential speed ratio. Because the outer diameters of the first external gear 12 among the invention, the first internal ring gear 13, the second external gear 14 and the second internal ring gear 15 all need not be done very large, and the first external gear 12, the first internal gear The structure among the ring 13, the second external gear 14 and the second internal ring gear 15 is relatively compact, so the present invention also has the characteristics of simple manufacturing, compact structure and small volume of the centrifuge.

The working process of the vertical continuous unloading sedimentation centrifuge of the present invention is: the suspension is pumped into the intersection of the straight section and the cone section of the drum 2 from the feed pipe 4 and sprayed to the drum from the discharge port 10 In the drum cavity 9 of the drum 2, due to the high-speed rotation of the drum 2, a liquid ring is formed on the inner wall of the drum 2, and the thickness of the liquid ring is adjusted by the overflow port 27. Under the action of centrifugal force, due to the difference in specific gravity between the solid material and the clear liquid, the solid material is tightly attached to the inner wall of the drum 2, while the clear liquid is thrown out from the overflow port 27 and discharged through the liquid outlet 6. The solid material attached to the inner wall of the drum 2 is slowly pushed by the screw pusher 3 to the small end of the cone of the drum 2 and thrown out, and then driven to the entrance of the slag discharge auger 23 by the slag removal mechanism 22 and then discharged by it. Continuous export, separation is completed, and the whole process is carried out continuously.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only descriptions of preferred implementations of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All such modifications and improvements should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge, which includes a motor (1), a drum (2), a screw pusher (3), a feed pipe (4), a slag outlet (5), a liquid outlet port (6), overflow port (27), machine base (7) and centrifuge housing (20), the feed pipe (4) communicates with the distribution chamber (8) in the screw pusher (3) , the screw pusher (3) is provided with a discharge port (10) communicating with the drum cavity (9) of the drum (2), and the centrifuge housing (20) is installed on the base (7) Above, the motor (1) is installed on the centrifuge housing (20), the output shaft of the motor (1) is connected with the input shaft (18) on the screw pusher (3), and the drum ( 2) The output shaft (19) at one end is rotatably connected to the input shaft (18), and the other end of the drum (2) is rotatably connected to the centrifuge housing (20) and the screw pusher (3) respectively. The feature is that a differential transmission mechanism is provided between the input shaft (18) on the screw pusher (3) and the output shaft (19) on the drum (2). 2. The vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: the differential transmission mechanism includes a first-stage one-tooth differential transmission and a second-stage one-tooth differential transmission, the first stage The one-tooth differential transmission is connected to the input shaft (18) on the screw pusher (3), the second-stage one-tooth differential transmission is connected to the output shaft (19) on the drum (2), and the first-stage The one-tooth differential transmission is connected with the second-stage one-tooth differential transmission to form a mutual differential relationship. 3. The vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first-stage one-tooth differential transmission includes a first external gear (12) and a first internal ring gear (13), the The number of teeth of the first internal ring gear (13) is one more than the number of teeth of the first external gear (12), and the first external gear (12) is tightly fitted on the input shaft (18) and connected with the first internal ring gear (13) meshing, the first ring gear (13) is connected with the second-stage one-tooth differential transmission. 4. The vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge according to claim 3, characterized in that: the number of teeth of the first external gear (12) is twenty-four, and the number of teeth of the first internal gear (13) The number of teeth is twenty-five. 5. The vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge according to claim 2, characterized in that: the second-stage one-tooth differential transmission includes a second external gear (14) and a second inner ring gear (15), the The number of teeth of the second internal ring gear (15) is one more than the number of teeth of the second external gear (14), and the second external gear (14) is sleeved on the output shaft (19) and connected with the second internal ring gear (15) meshing, the second ring gear (15) is connected with the first-stage one-tooth differential transmission. 6. The vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge according to claim 5, characterized in that: the number of teeth of the second external gear (14) is twenty-two, and the number of teeth of the second internal ring gear (15) The number of teeth is twenty-three. 7. The vertical continuous discharge sedimentation centrifuge according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the centrifuge housing (20) is vertically installed on the machine base (7), and the motor ( 1) Located on the top of the centrifuge housing (20), the liquid outlet (6) and the inlet of the feed pipe (4) are located below the centrifuge housing (20), and the slag outlet (5) It is arranged at the upper small end of the drum (2), and the overflow port (27) is located at the bottom large end of the drum (2).