CN104887889A - 一种活血生骨的中药丸剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及中药技术领域，特别涉及一种活血生骨的中药丸剂及其制备方法。
[0002](一)
背景技术
股骨头坏死是股骨头血供中断或受损，引起骨细胞及骨髓成分死亡及随后的修复，继而导致股骨头结构改变、股骨头塌陷、关节功能障碍的疾病。股骨头坏死(osteonecrosisof the femoral head，0NFH)又称股骨头缺血性坏死(avascularnecrosis，AVN)，是骨科领域常见的难治性疾病。股骨头坏死的主要症状表现在以下五点:①疼痛，疼痛可为间歇性或持续性，行走活动后加重，有时为休息痛，疼痛多为针刺样，钝痛或酸痛不适等，常向腹股沟区，大腿内侧，臀后侧和膝内侧放射，并有该区麻木感。②关节僵硬与活动受限，患髋关节屈伸不利，下蹲困难，不能久站，行走鸭子步，早期症状为外展，外旋活动受限明显。③跛行，为进行性短缩性跛行，由于髋痛及股骨头塌陷，或晚期出现髋关节半脱位所致，早期往往出现间歇性跛行，儿童患者则更为明显。④体征，局部深压痛，内收肌止点压痛，4字试验阳性，外展，外旋或内旋活动受限，患肢可缩短，肌肉萎缩，甚至有半脱位体征，有时轴冲痛阳性。⑤X线表现，骨纹理细小或中断，股骨头囊肿，硬化，扁平或塌陷。
[0003] 由于股骨头坏死有一个复杂的病理过程，如早期不能得到及时有效的治疗，就会使股骨头塌陷，关节间隙变窄，最后导致骨关节炎，使病人髋关节功能障碍而致残致瘫，病人在遭受生理病痛的同时，还要遭受心理创伤的煎熬，也给家庭，单位和社会增添了沉重的负担。
[0004] 西药治疗股骨头坏死只能治标不能治本。中医有着悠久的历史，千百年来积累了丰富的经验，对许多疾病都有独到的见解和确切的疗效，且中医注重整体观念，进行辩证论治，针对病症进行辩证治疗，具有良好的治疗效果。
[0005] (二)
发明内容
本发明为了弥补现有技术的不足，提供了一种见效快，不易复发、无副作用的活血生骨的中药丸剂。
[0006] 本发明是通过如下技术方案实现的:
一种活血生骨的中药丸剂，其特殊之处在于:主要由以下重量份数的原料制成:
黄芪30-60g，川芎30-60g，何首乌30-60g，补骨脂30_60g，淫羊藿30_60g，骨碎补30-60g，杜仲25-40g，续断25-40g，狗脊30_60g，鸡血藤30_60g，川牛膝25_40g，丹参30-60g，桃仁 10-25g，红花 10-25g，乳香 5_20g，没药 5_20g，三七 25_40g，威灵仙 25_40g，木瓜25-40g，当归25-40g，熟地黄30_60g，独活30_60g，延胡索10_25g，炮山甲5_20g，地龙5-20g，土鳖虫 5-20g，血竭 l-15g，全蝎 10_25g，桂枝 30_60g，甘草 30_60g。
[0007] 优选的，所述何首乌为制何首乌。
[0008] 优选的，所述骨碎补为烫骨碎补。
[0009] 优选的，所述杜仲为盐杜仲。
[0010] 优选的，所述狗脊为烫狗脊。
[0011] 优选的，所述乳香为醋乳香。
[0012] 优选的，所述没药为醋没药。
[0013] 优选的，所述延胡索为醋延胡索。
[0014] 优选的，所述甘草为炙甘草。
[0015] 进一步的，本发明一种活血生骨的中药丸剂，其特殊之处在于:主要由以下重量份数的原料制成:
黄芪50g，川芎50g，制何首乌50g，补骨脂50g，淫羊藿50g，烫骨碎补50g，盐杜仲35g，续断35g，烫狗脊50g，鸡血藤50g，川牛膝35g，丹参50g，桃仁15g，红花15g，醋乳香10g，醋没药10g，三七35g，威灵仙35g，木瓜35g，当归35g，熟地黄50g，独活50g，醋延胡索15g，炮山甲10g，地龙10g，土鳖虫10g，血竭5g，全蝎15g，桂枝50g，炙甘草50g。
[0016] 本发明的配制方法如下:将上述中药粉碎成粉末，过80-120目筛得混合均匀粉末，用水泛丸，干燥，打光，即得黄棕色至棕褐色的本发明丸剂。
[0017] 本发明为黄棕色至棕褐色的水丸；气微，味微苦，密封贮藏。
[0018] 用法与用量:口服。一次5g，一日两次，小儿酌减。
[0019] 注意:本发明孕妇禁服。
[0020] 下面为本发明中各药材的功能及作用:
黄芪:性味:甘，温。归经:归肺、脾经。功效主治:补气固表，利尿托毒，排脓，敛疮生肌。用于气虚乏力，食少便溏，中气下陷，久泻脱肛，便血崩漏，表虚自汗，气虚水肿，痈疽难溃，久溃不敛，血虚瘘黄，内热消渴；慢性肾炎蛋白尿，糖尿病。
[0021] 川芎:性味:辛，温。归经:肝、胆、心包经；功能主治:活血行气，祛风止痛。用于月经不调，经闭痛经，症瘕腹痛，胸胁刺痛，跌扑肿痛，头痛，风湿痹痛。
[0022] 何首乌:性味:苦甘涩，微温。归经:归肝、肾经。功效:补肝，益肾，养血，祛风。治肝肾阴亏，发须早白，血虚头晕，腰膝软弱，筋骨酸痛，遗精，崩带，久疟，久痢，慢性肝炎，痈月中，瘰疬，肠风，痔疾。制首乌补肝肾，益精血，乌须发，壮筋骨；用于眩晕耳鸣、须发早白、腰膝酸软、肢体麻木、神经衰弱、高血脂症。
[0023] 补骨脂:性味:辛、苦，温。归经:归肾、脾经。功能主治:温肾助阳，纳气，止泻。用于阳瘘遗精，遗尿尿频，腰膝冷痛，肾虚作喘，五更泄泻；外用治白癜风，斑秃。
[0024] 淫羊藿:性味:辛、甘，温。归经:肝、肾经。功能主治:补肾阳，强筋骨，祛风湿。用于阳瘘遗精，筋骨瘘软，风湿痹痛，麻木拘挛；更年期高血压。
[0025] 骨碎补:性味:苦，温。归经:肾、肝经。功能主治:补肾强骨，续伤止痛。用于肾虚腰痛，耳鸣耳聋，牙齿松动，跌扑闪挫，筋骨折伤；外治斑秃，白癜风。
[0026] 杜仲:性味:甘，温；归经:入肝、肾经。功能主治:补肝肾，强筋骨，安胎。用于肾虚腰痛，筋骨无力，妊娠漏血，胎动不安；高血压。
[0027] 续断:性味:苦、辛，微温；归经:肝、肾经。功能主治:补肝肾，强筋骨，续折伤，止崩漏。用于腰膝酸软，风湿痹痛，崩漏，胎漏，跌扑损伤。酒续断多用于风湿痹痛，跌扑损伤。盐续断多用于腰膝酸软。
[0028] 狗脊:性味:苦、甘，温。归经:入肝、肾经。主治:补肝肾，强腰脊，祛风湿。用于腰膝酸软，下肢无力，风湿痹痛。
[0029] 鸡血藤:性味:苦、甘，温。归经:归肝、肾经。功能与主治:补血，活血，通络。用于月经不调，血虚萎黄，麻木瘫痪，风湿痹痛。
[0030] 川牛膝:性味:甘、微苦，平。归经:肝、肾经。功能主治:逐瘀通经，通利关节，利尿通淋。用于经闭症瘕，胞衣不下，关节痹痛，足瘘筋挛，尿血血淋，跌扑损伤。
[0031] 丹参:性味:苦，微寒。归经:心、肝经。功能主治:祛瘀止痛，活血通经，清心除烦。用于月经不调，经闭痛经，症瘕积聚，胸腹刺痛，热痹疼痛，疮疡肿痛，心烦不眠；肝脾肿大，心绞痛。
[0032] 桃仁:性味:苦、甘，平。归心、肝、大肠经。功能主治:活血祛瘀，润肠通便。用于经闭，痛经，癥瘕痞块，跌扑损伤，肠燥便秘。
[0033] 红花:性味:辛，温，归经:归心、肝经。功能主治:活血通经，散瘀止痛。用于经闭，痛经，恶露不行，症瘕痞块，跌扑损伤，疮疡肿痛。
[0034] 乳香:性味:辛苦，温。归经:归心、肝、脾经。功能主治:调气活血，定痛，追毒。治气血凝滞、心腹疼痛，痈疮肿毒，跌打损伤，痛经，产后瘀血刺痛。
[0035] 没药:性味:苦，平。功能主治:散瘀止痛，外用消肿生肌。用于跌打淤血肿痛，痈疽肿痛，胸腹诸痛；外用治疮口久不收敛。
[0036] 三七:性味:甘、微苦，温。归经:归肝、胃经。功能主治:散瘀止血，消肿定痛。用于咯血，吐血，衄血，便血，崩漏，外伤出血，胸腹剌痛，跌扑肿痛。
[0037] 威灵仙:性味:辛、咸，温。归经:归膀胱经。功能主治:祛风除湿，通络止痛。用于风湿痹痛，肢体麻木，筋脉拘挛，屈伸不利，骨哽咽喉。
[0038] 木瓜:性味:酸，温。归经:归肝、脾经。功能主治:平肝舒筋，和胃化湿。用于湿痹拘挛，腰膝关节酸重疼痛，吐泻转筋，脚气水肿。
[0039] 当归:性味:甘、辛，温。归经:肝、心、脾经。功能主治:补血活血，调经止痛，润肠通便。用于血虚萎黄，眩晕心悸，月经不调，经闭痛经，虚寒腹痛，肠燥便秘，风湿痹痛，跌扑损伤，痈疽疮疡。酒当归活血通经。用于经闭痛经，风湿痹痛，跌扑损伤。
[0040] 熟地黄:性味:甘，微温。归经:归肝、肾经。功能主治:滋阴补血，益精填髓。用于肝肾阴虚，腰膝酸软，骨蒸潮热，盗汗遗精，内热消渴，血虚萎黄，心t季怔忡，月经不调，崩漏下血，眩晕，耳鸣，须发早白。
[0041] 独活:性味:辛、苦，微温。归经:归肾、膀胱经。功能主治:祛风除湿，通痹止痛。用于风寒湿痹，腰膝疼痛，少阴伏风头痛。
[0042] 延胡索:性味:辛、苦，温。归经:归肝、脾经。功能主治:活血，利气，止痛。用于胸胁、脘腹疼痛，经闭痛经，产后瘀阻，跌扑肿痛。
[0043] 炮山甲:性味:味咸，性微寒。归经:入肝、胃经。功能主治:活血散结；通经下乳；消痈溃坚。主血瘀经闭；症瘕；风湿痹痛；乳汁不下；痈肿；瘰疬。。
[0044] 地龙:性味:性寒味咸。功能主治:功能为清热、镇痉、止喘、利尿。主治高热狂躁、惊风抽搐、头痛目赤、喘息痰热、中风、半身不遂等病证。
[0045] 土鳖虫:性味:咸，寒；有小毒。归经:归肝经。功能主治:破瘀血，续筋骨。用于筋骨折伤，瘀血经闭，症瘕痞块。
[0046] 血竭:性味:甘、咸，平。归经:归心、肝经。功能主治:祛瘀定痛，止血生肌。用于跌扑折损，内伤瘀痛；外伤出血不止。
[0047] 全蝎:性味:辛，平；有毒。归经:归肝经。功能主治:用于小儿惊风，抽搐痉挛，中风口歪，半身不遂，破伤风，风湿顽痹，偏正头痛，疮疡，瘰疬。
[0048] 桂枝:性味:辛、甘，温。归经:归心、肺、膀胱经。功能主治:发汗解肌，温经通脉，助阳化气，散寒止痛。
[0049] 甘草:性味:甘，平。归经:归心、肺、脾、胃经。功能主治:补脾益气，清热解毒，祛痰止咳，缓急止痛，调和诸药。用于脾胃虚弱，倦怠乏力，心t季气短，咳嗽痰多，脘腹、四肢挛急疼痛，痈肿疮毒，缓解药物毒性、烈性。
[0050] 本发明的有益效果:本发明配方科学，具有活血化瘀，补肾接骨，散寒除湿，通络止痛的功效，用于腰腿痛、骨关节痛、股骨头坏死、骨质增生、跌打损伤及关节炎，且无任何不良反应，安全无毒副作用，标本兼治见效快，具有广阔的应用前景和市场潜力，总有效率达99%。
[0051](三)具体实施方式实施例1
取黄芪30g，川芎30g，制何首乌30g，补骨脂30g，淫羊藿30g，烫骨碎补30g，盐杜仲25g，续断25g，烫狗脊30g，鸡血藤30g，川牛膝25g，丹参30g，桃仁10g，红花10g，醋乳香5g，醋没药5g，三七25g，威灵仙25g，木瓜25g，当归25g，熟地黄30g，独活30g，醋延胡索10g，炮山甲5g，地龙5g，土鳖虫5g，血竭lg，全蝎10g，桂枝30g，炙甘草30g粉碎成粉末，过80目筛得混合均匀粉末，用水泛丸，干燥，打光，即得本发明丸剂，口服，一次5g，一日两次，小儿酌减。
[0052] 实施例2
取黄芪40g，川芎40g，何首乌40g，补骨脂40g，淫羊藿40g，烫骨碎补40g，盐杜仲30g，续断30g，烫狗脊40g，鸡血藤40g，川牛膝30g，丹参40g，桃仁20g，红花20g，醋乳香15g，醋没药10g，三七30g，威灵仙30g，木瓜30g，当归30g，熟地黄40g，独活40g，醋延胡索20g，炮山甲15g，地龙15g，土鳖虫15g，血竭10g，全蝎15g，桂枝40g，炙甘草40g粉碎成粉末，过80目筛得混合均匀粉末，用水泛丸，干燥，打光，即得本发明丸剂，口服，一次5g，一日两次，小儿酌减。
[0053] 实施例3
取黄芪50g，川芎50g，制何首乌50g，补骨脂50g，淫羊藿50g，烫骨碎补50g，盐杜仲35g，续断35g，烫狗脊50g，鸡血藤50g，川牛膝35g，丹参50g，桃仁15g，红花15g，醋乳香1g,醋没药10g，三七35g，威灵仙35g，木瓜35g，当归35g，熟地黄50g，独活50g，醋延胡索15g，炮山甲10g，地龙10g，土鳖虫10g，血竭5g，全蝎15g，桂枝50g，炙甘草50g粉碎成粉末，过100目筛得混合均匀粉末，用水泛丸，干燥，打光，即得本发明丸剂，口服，一次5g，一日两次，小儿酌减。
[0054] 实施例4
取黄苗60g，川考60g，何首乌60g，补骨脂60g，淫羊藿60g，烫骨碎补60g，盐杜仲40g，续断40g，烫狗脊60g，鸡血藤60g，川牛膝40g，丹参60g，桃仁25g，红花25g，醋乳香20g，醋没药20g，三七40g，威灵仙40g，木瓜40g，当归40g，熟地黄60g，独活60g，醋延胡索25g，炮山甲20g，地龙20g，土鳖虫20g，血竭15g，全蝎25g，桂枝60g，炙甘草60g粉碎成粉末，过120目筛得混合均匀粉末，用水泛丸，干燥，打光，即得本发明丸剂，口服，一次5g，一日两次，小儿酌减。
[0055] 临床观察: 1.1 一般资料:
本发明人于2012年至今，选取168例患者进行临床观察治疗。年龄22至75岁，其中男102，女66例。
[0056] 治疗方法:
口服本发明丸剂，一次5g，一日两次，小儿酌减，根据病情及恢复快慢治疗10天至2个月不等。
[0057] 1.2疗效评定标准:
痊愈:临床自觉症状消失，关节活动恢复正常，X线片，磁共振:股骨头密度均匀，骨小梁排列整齐，骨质修复整片。
[0058] 基本痊愈:临床自觉症状消失，髋关节功能基本恢复，X线片、磁共振:骨质破坏修复好。
[0059] 有效:临床自觉症状消失，髋关节活动受限，X线片，磁共振:骨质破坏无明显修复。
[0060] 无效:临床自觉症状X先检查均无变化。
[0061] 1.3治疗效果
痊愈144例，基本痊愈14例，有效8例，无效2例，所有病例均无不良反应。
[0062] 1.4典型病例
1.孙某某，女，50岁，右髋部股骨头坏死，右脚疼痛，无法行走，发病时间4年，经本发明丸剂持续治疗2个月，可以行走，经磁共振检测，股骨头密度均匀，骨小梁排列整齐，骨质修复整片，痊愈。
[0063] 2.夏某，男，37岁。因在工地上抬重物，不慎将腰扭伤，回家休息，翌日，腰痛加重，起床困难，不能弯腰，咳嗽用力时其痛加剧。给予本发明中药治疗一周后，患者治愈。
[0064] 本发明配方科学，具有活血化瘀，补肾接骨，散寒除湿，通络止痛的功效，用于腰腿痛、骨关节痛、股骨头坏死、骨质增生、跌打损伤及关节炎，且无任何不良反应，安全无毒副作用，标本兼治见效快，具有广阔的应用前景和市场潜力，总有效率达99%。
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| CN107320596A (zh) * | 2017-07-20 | 2017-11-07 | 柴瑞宝 | 一种治疗骨关节病及软组织增生的中药药物 |
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