CN104874979A - Ball-spinning device and method of integrated outer ring typed self-lubricating spherical plain bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a ball spinning forming device and forming method of an integral outer ring type self-lubricating joint bearing. The inner cone surface ring is installed in the upper mold base of the device, and the cage is fixed on the inner cone surface ring to constrain the three sets of large, medium and small balls on their corresponding roller tables. The center counterbore of the bottom plate is equipped with a mandrel. The bottom plate is connected with the lower mold by bolts. In the forming method, the inner surface of the blank of the outer ring of the joint bearing is processed into a shape optimized by the process, the self-lubricating layer is pasted on it, and the inner surface of the forming end of the blank of the outer ring is conformally attached to the inner ring of the bearing by using the forming device Then, by turning and grinding the end face and outer surface of the outer ring of the bearing, the finished product of the integral outer ring type self-lubricating joint bearing is obtained. In the forming process of the present invention, the outer ring and the inner ring of the bearing are in flexible contact, which does not cause damage to the self-lubricating layer. At the same time, the ball spinning deformation is uniform, the forming force is small, and it is easy to control.

Description

Ball spinning forming device and forming method of integral outer ring self-lubricating joint bearing

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of joint bearing processing and manufacturing, in particular to a ball spinning forming device and forming method of an integral outer ring type self-lubricating joint bearing.

Background technique

Self-lubricating joint bearings are composed of an inner ring with an outer spherical surface, an outer ring with an inner spherical surface and a self-lubricating layer. According to the structure of the outer ring, it is divided into: non-integral type and integral type. The self-lubricating layer on the inner spherical surface of the outer ring is a key part of the spherical plain bearing. During the manufacturing process, there is no damage and the clearance condition that meets the requirements of the finished spherical plain bearing is formed, which plays a decisive role in its performance. The outer ring and the surface of the self-lubricating layer are integrated non-integral outer ring self-lubricating spherical plain bearings, which may easily cause damage to the inner surface of the outer ring and the outer surface of the inner ring during assembly; while the outer ring and the surface of the self-lubricating layer are split The non-integral outer ring type self-lubricating spherical plain bearing in use, its non-integrated structure makes the gap and force uneven, prone to stress concentration, and reduces the life and reliability of the bearing. In addition, the non-integral outer ring self-lubricating joint bearing has a complex structure and high assembly requirements.

The outer ring and the self-lubricating layer of the integral outer ring type self-lubricating spherical plain bearing have an integral structure, the outer ring and inner ring have a simple structure, the clearance conditions meet the requirements of the finished spherical plain bearing, and the reliability is high in use. However, in the existing manufacturing technology, the outer ring is enveloped and formed on the inner ring by a forging method, and then the clearance is rolled out by rolling. In order to form the inner spherical surface of the outer ring and the bearing clearance that meets the requirements of the finished spherical plain bearing, the self-lubricating layer undergoes two non-uniform severe extrusion and deformation, which can easily cause crush damage, the product yield is not high, and the reliability of the self-lubricating layer not tall. Therefore, it is very necessary to research and develop a new integral outer ring type self-lubricating joint bearing ball spinning forming device and method.

Contents of the invention

In order to improve the deficiencies of the existing production process of spherical plain bearings, which easily cause crushing damage, low product yield, and low reliability of the self-lubricating layer, the present invention provides a ball spinning forming device for integral outer ring type self-lubricating spherical plain bearings and Forming method. In the manufacturing process of the invention, there is no severe extrusion between the self-lubricating layer on the inner surface of the outer ring and the outer surface of the inner ring, no damage to the self-lubricating layer, uniform force, and significantly improved service life and reliability of the joint bearing.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a ball spinning forming device of the integral outer ring type self-lubricating joint bearing, which is characterized in that: the inner tapered ring has three sets of balls respectively matching with large, medium and small The three sets of roller tables, the cage is fixed on the inner cone surface ring and the three sets of large, medium and small balls are constrained on their corresponding roller tables, and the lock nut fixes the inner cone surface ring on the upper mold base. The center counterbore of the bottom plate is equipped with a mandrel, and the bottom plate is connected with the lower mold through bolts. The lower mold is a disc-shaped part with a stepped cylindrical hole, wherein the upper stepped cylindrical hole I is sequentially equipped with an outer ring of the expansion sleeve, In the inner ring of the expansion sleeve, the middle cylindrical hole II is matched with the shoulder of the mandrel, and the disc spring is installed in the lower cylindrical hole III.

The outer surface of the inner ring of the expansion sleeve is a conical outer surface and the inner surface is a cylindrical surface, the inner surface of the outer ring of the expansion sleeve is a conical inner surface and the outer surface is a cylindrical surface, and the outer surface of the outer ring of the expansion sleeve The conical inner surface has the same taper as the conical outer surface of the inner ring of the expansion sleeve, and the outer ring of the expansion sleeve and the inner ring of the expansion sleeve are processed with small openings in the circumferential direction.

The upper end surface of the outer ring of the expansion sleeve is processed with evenly distributed axial T-shaped bolt holes, and the lower mold is processed with screw holes corresponding to the T-shaped bolt holes on the upper end surface of the outer ring of the expansion sleeve. The T-shaped bolt holes on the upper end face of the ring leave a gap in the radial direction.

The three groups of large, medium and small balls are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction in the three groups of roller tables of the inner cone surface ring, and are arranged in order from large to small from bottom to top. The three groups of large, medium and small balls can be The respective rollers of the face ring roll in the roller table, and can revolve around the axis of the mold driven by the upper mold base, and can also be fed downward with the upper mold base.

The section line of the spinning surface of the forming end is a straight line, and the straight line is parallel to the common tangent of the large, medium and small balls, and the included angle with the axis of the joint bearing is 20°-45°.

A method for forming a ball spinning forming device using the integral outer ring type self-lubricating joint bearing, the method includes the following steps:

Step 1: Processing the outer ring blank, the outer ring blank is an integral ring, the inner surface is an open shape, the outer surface is composed of a positioning end and a forming end, the outer surface of the positioning end is a cylindrical surface, and the section line of the outer surface of the forming end is a curve. The maximum outer diameter is 1.1 to 1.3 times the outer diameter of the finished spherical plain bearing; the inner ring of the finished spherical plain bearing is processed, and the inner surface of the blank of the outer ring processed through the steps is adhered to the self-lubricating layer, and then the inner ring of the bearing is placed on the surface with the self-lubricating layer adhered In the outer ring blank;

Step 2: The bearing inner ring sleeve is positioned on the mandrel of the ball spinning forming device, and the positioning end of the outer ring blank is fixed by screws, and the inner ring of the expansion sleeve and the outer ring of the expansion sleeve with openings In the counterbore of the lower mold, the lower mold is fixed on the bottom plate by screws;

Step 3: The upper mold base is rotated under the drive of the equipment spindle, and the angle between the section line of the spinning surface of the forming end and the axis of the joint bearing is determined to be 20° to 45°, and the upper mold base is fed downward according to the given process parameters , the three groups of large balls, medium balls, and small balls are successively rolled on the spinning surface of the forming end of the outer ring blank. Gradually plastically deforms into a spherical surface;

Step 4: When the upper mold base reaches the set target position, the ball spinning is completed; the joint bearing after ball spinning, at this time, the inner surface of the outer ring blank and the outer surface of the inner ring of the bearing have no locking and extrusion , the gap between them meets the clearance requirements of the finished joint bearing.

Step 5: Finally, turn and grind the end face and outer surface of the outer ring of the bearing, so as to obtain the finished product of the integral outer ring type self-lubricating joint bearing.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: it solves the damage to the self-lubricating layer caused by the forming and assembling of the outer ring of the existing integral outer ring type self-lubricating joint bearing; There is no locking and extrusion between the inner rings, which has little effect on the self-lubricating layer and does not cause damage, and the bearing clearance can be effectively controlled by adjusting the parameters of the ball spinning process. required bearing clearance. At the same time, the deformation of ball spinning is uniform, the forming force is small, and it is easy to control. The shape of the inner surface of the bearing outer ring formed by ball spinning is consistent with the shape of the outer surface of the bearing inner ring, the force is uniform, and the bearing life and reliability are significantly improved. promote.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a ball spinning forming device of an integral outer ring type self-lubricating joint bearing;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of lower mold of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of inner tapered ring, ball and cage of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the joint bearing of the forming method of the present invention before ball spinning;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the joint bearing formed by the forming method of the present invention after ball spinning;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the finished spherical plain bearing of the present invention.

In the above drawings, 1. Upper die base, 2. Inner cone ring, 3. Lock nut, 4. Middle ball, 5. Bearing outer ring blank, 6. Self-lubricating layer, 7. Bearing inner ring, 8. .Screw, 9. Mandrel, 10. Disc spring, 11. Bottom plate, 12. Lower mold, 13. Outer ring of expansion sleeve, 14. Screw, 15. Inner ring of expansion sleeve, 16. Cage, 17. Large Ball, 18. Small ball, 19. Spinning surface of outer ring blank forming end, 20. Outer ring blank positioning end, 21. Outer ring blank forming end.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1-3 disclose a ball spinning forming device for an integral outer ring type self-lubricating joint bearing. The forming device includes an upper die base 1, a lock nut 3, a bottom plate 11, a driving device and a workbench. The upper part of the upper die base 1 is connected with the driving equipment, and the inner tapered surface ring 2 in the installed upper die base 1 is processed with three groups of roller tables that are respectively matched with the large, medium and small groups of balls. The cage 16 is installed on the inner cone ring 2 to constrain the three groups of large, medium and small balls in their corresponding roller tables, and the lock nut 3 fixes the inner cone ring 2 on the upper die base 1 . Mandrel 9 is housed in the center counterbore of base plate 11, and base plate 11 is connected with lower mold 12 by bolt, and lower mold 12 is fixed on the workbench. The lower mold 12 is a disc-shaped member with a stepped cylindrical hole, wherein the upper stepped cylindrical hole I is sequentially equipped with an outer ring 13 of the expansion sleeve, an inner ring 15 of the expansion sleeve, and the middle cylindrical hole II and the mandrel 9 The shoulders are matched, and the disc spring 10 is installed in the bottom cylindrical hole III.

The outer surface of the inner ring 15 of the expansion sleeve is a conical outer surface, and the inner surface is a cylindrical surface; the inner surface of the outer ring 13 of the expansion sleeve is a conical inner surface, and the outer surface is a cylindrical surface. There are tiny openings for it to tighten or loosen. The upper end surface of the expansion sleeve outer ring 13 is processed with evenly distributed axial T-shaped bolt holes, and the lower mold 12 is processed with screw holes corresponding to the T-shaped bolt holes on the upper end surface of the expansion sleeve outer ring 13 . The T-shaped bolt hole on the upper surface of the outer ring 13 of the expansion sleeve has a gap in the radial direction to ensure the position change of the T-shaped bolt hole of the outer ring 13 of the expansion sleeve due to expansion.

The three groups of large, medium and small balls are evenly distributed circumferentially in the three groups of roller tables of the inner cone surface ring 2, and the three groups of large, medium and small balls arranged from bottom to top in order from large to small can both The respective rollers of the rings 2 roll inside, and can revolve around the axis of the joint bearing under the drive of the upper die base 1, and can also be fed downwards with the upper die base 1 at the same time.

The section line of the spinning surface of the forming end of the ball spinning forming device of the integral outer ring type self-lubricating joint bearing is a straight line segment, which is parallel to the common tangent line of the large, medium and small balls. In this embodiment, the above forming The angle between the section line of the end spinning surface and the axis of the joint bearing is 40°.

A method for forming a ball spinning forming device using the integral outer ring type self-lubricating joint bearing, the method includes the following steps:

Step 1: Processing the outer ring blank 5, the outer ring blank 5 is an integral ring, the inner surface is an open shape, the outer surface is composed of a positioning end 20 and a forming end 21, the outer surface of the positioning end 20 is a cylindrical surface, and the forming end 21 The section line of the outer surface is a curve, and its maximum outer diameter is 1.2 times the outer diameter of the finished joint bearing. The processed spherical plain bearing inner ring 7, taking the GE20 type spherical plain bearing as an example, has an inner diameter of 20mm, a spherical surface diameter of 29mm, and a height (inner ring width) of 16mm. The inner surface of the outer ring blank 5 processed in step 1 is adhered and self-lubricated Layer 6, and then place the inner ring 7 of the bearing in the outer ring blank 5 adhered with the self-lubricating layer 6 (see Figure 4).

Step 2: Put the bearing inner ring 7 on the mandrel 9 of the ball spinning forming device for positioning, the positioning end 20 of the outer ring blank 5 is tightened by the screw 14, and the inner ring of the expansion sleeve with an opening 15 and expansion sleeve outer ring 13 are fixed on the mandrel 9 in the counterbore of lower mold 12, and lower mold 12 is fixed on the base plate 11 by screw 8, adopts bolt to fix base plate 11 and workbench.

Step 3: The upper die base 1 rotates under the drive of the main shaft of the equipment, and the angle between the section line of the spinning surface 19 of the forming end 21 and the axis of the joint bearing is determined to be 40°, and the upper die base 1 moves downward according to the given process parameters. Here, the three groups of large balls 17, middle balls 4, and small balls 18 are successively rolled on the spinning surface 19 of the forming end 21 of the outer ring blank 5. With the feeding of the upper mold base 1, the forming end of the outer ring blank 5 21 for spinning, the inner surface of the outer ring blank 5 is gradually plastically deformed into a spherical surface.

Step 4: When the upper mold base 1 reaches the set target position, the ball spinning is completed. The spherical plain bearing after ball spinning, at this time, the inner surface of the outer ring blank 5 and the outer surface of the bearing inner ring 7 have no locking and extrusion phenomenon, and the gap between them meets the clearance requirements of the finished spherical plain bearing (see Figure 5 ).

Step 5: Finally, turn and grind the end face and outer surface of the outer ring 5 of the bearing, so as to obtain the finished product of the integral outer ring type self-lubricating spherical plain bearing (see FIG. 6 ).

By replacing the inner tapered ring 2, the cage 16, the large ball 17, the middle ball 4, and the small ball 18, the purpose of ball spinning with different sizes of integral outer ring type self-lubricating joint bearings can be realized. The disc spring 10 installed between the mandrel 9 and the bottom plate 11 can make the bearing inner ring 7 and the outer ring blank 5 be in flexible contact during the ball spinning process, thereby preventing damage to the self-lubricating layer.

Claims (6)

1. the ball spinning building mortion of integral outer ring's formula self-lubricating knuckle bearing, it is characterized in that: inner conical surface ring has the three groups of roller-ways matched with large, medium and small three groups of balls respectively, retainer is fixed on inner conical surface ring and constrains on the roller-way of its correspondence by described large, medium and small three groups of balls, and inner conical surface ring is fixed on upper bolster by locking nut; The center counterbore of base plate is built with mandrel, base plate is connected with counterdie by bolt, described counterdie is a dish with stepped cylindrical hole, wherein, expansion sleeve outer shroud, expansion sleeve inner ring are housed in stepped cylindrical hole, top I successively, middle part cylindrical hole II matches with the shoulder of mandrel, installs disc spring in lower cylindrical hole III.

2. the ball spinning building mortion of integral outer ring according to claim 1 formula self-lubricating knuckle bearing, it is characterized in that: the outer surface of described expansion sleeve inner ring is conical external surface, inner surface is the face of cylinder, the inner surface of described expansion sleeve outer shroud is conical inner surface, outer surface is the face of cylinder, the conical inner surface of described expansion sleeve outer shroud is identical with the tapering of the conical external surface of expansion sleeve inner ring, and expansion sleeve outer shroud and expansion sleeve inner ring process minute opening at circumferencial direction.

3. the ball spinning building mortion of integral outer ring according to claim 2 formula self-lubricating knuckle bearing, it is characterized in that: the upper surface of described expansion sleeve outer shroud processes uniform axial tommyhead bolt hole, the screw hole that on described counterdie, processing is corresponding with the tommyhead bolt hole of expansion sleeve outer shroud upper surface, gap is radially left in the tommyhead bolt hole of expansion sleeve outer shroud upper surface.

4. the ball spinning building mortion of integral outer ring according to claim 1 formula self-lubricating knuckle bearing, it is characterized in that: described large, medium and small three groups of balls respectively circumference are distributed in three groups of roller-ways of described inner conical surface ring, from bottom to top by order arrangement from big to small, large, medium and small three groups of balls can either roll in the respective roller-way of inner conical surface ring, can revolve round the sun around mold axis under the drive of upper bolster again, simultaneously can also with upper bolster to lower feeding.

5. the ball spinning building mortion of the integral outer ring's formula self-lubricating knuckle bearing according to claim 1 or 4, it is characterized in that: it is characterized in that: the section line in configured ends spinning face is straightway, described straightway is parallel to the common tangent of large, medium and small ball, and is 20 ° ~ 45 ° with the angle of oscillating bearing axis.

6. use a manufacturing process for the ball spinning building mortion of the integral outer ring's formula self-lubricating knuckle bearing described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: said method comprising the steps of:

Step 1: processing outer ring blank, outer ring blank is overall ring, and inner surface is shape of dehiscing, outer surface is made up of positioning end and configured ends, the outer surface of positioning end is the face of cylinder, and configured ends outer surface section line is curve, and its maximum outside diameter is 1.1 ~ 1.3 times of finished product oscillating bearing external diameter;

Step 2: processed finished products oscillating bearing inner ring, the outer ring blank inner surface processed through step 1 adheres to self-lubricating layer, then is placed in by bearing inner race and is stained with in the outer ring blank of self-lubricating layer;

Step 3: the mandrel that described bearing inner race is enclosed within described ball spinning building mortion positions, the positioning end of described outer ring blank passes through screw, and be with the expansion sleeve inner ring of opening and expansion sleeve outer shroud to be fixed in the counterbore of counterdie, counterdie is fixed by screws on base plate;

Step 4: upper bolster rotates under the driving of machine spindle, determine that the section line in configured ends spinning face and the angle of oscillating bearing axis are 20 ° ~ 45 °, upper bolster according to given technological parameter to lower feeding, large ball, middle ball, the successively roll extrusion of little ball three groups of balls are on the spinning face of outer ring blank configured ends, along with the feeding of upper bolster, carry out spinning to the configured ends of outer ring blank, the inner surface of outer ring blank is plastic deformation to sphere gradually;

Step 5: when upper bolster arrives the target location of setting, ball spinning has been shaped; Oscillating bearing after ball spinning is shaped, now, outer ring blank inner surface and bearing inner race outer surface are without locking and extrude phenomenon, the play requirement of the gap character composite oscillating bearing between them.

Step 6: last, carries out turning, grinding to the end face of bearing outer ring and outer surface, thus obtains integral outer ring's formula self-lubricating knuckle bearing finished product.