CN104864630A - Multiple-temperature-gradient utilizing system using solar heat collection - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multiple-temperature-gradient utilizing system using solar heat collection. According to the system, three temperature storage water tanks with water of different temperatures contained are adopted, distribution of the water of different temperatures in all the water tanks is adjusted in an optimized mode, hence, gradient utilization can be acheived, and the cooling and heating requirements can be met. Domestic hot water of two different temperatures can be provided by the system, the cooling or heating requirement and the anti-freezing requirement of the radiation tail end of a capillary tube under different season conditions can be met, and thus the comfort, high efficiency and safety are guaranteed. The solar heat utilization and thermoelectricity integration combined supply technology is adopted in the system. The device is provided with a novel solar thermal collector-photovoltaic/photo-thermal collector (PVT) with photovoltaic power generation and solar low-temperature heat utilization integrated. The device comprises a solar high-temperature collector end, a solar PVT intermediate temperature collector end, a lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration low-temperature water storage end, an indoor capillary tube cooling and heating radiation end, a winter anti-freezing exhausting pipeline protection end and a biomass supplementary heat source and domestic hot water making end.

Description

A multi-temperature gradient utilization system using solar heat collection

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of solar energy and biomass low-carbon energy, in particular to a device that uses low-carbon energy to generate water of different temperatures and utilizes it efficiently.

Background technique

Solar energy is a kind of clean energy. The development and utilization of solar energy can not only reduce the pollution caused by burning conventional energy, but also alleviate the energy shortage. PVT (photovoltaic/photothermal) collectors use lamination or adhesive technology to organically combine solar cells or components with solar collectors. When solar cells generate electricity, the proportion of incident solar energy converted into electrical energy is about 15%. Most of the rest of the energy is converted to heat, which is recycled through water heat exchange. It not only reduces the temperature of the photovoltaic panel, improves the power generation efficiency, but also recovers the solar radiation heat, and improves the energy utilization efficiency.

Capillary radiation heating and cooling technology was invented by German scientists in the 1970s based on the principle of bionics. It has the advantages of good comfort, flexible layout, no noise, no bacteria breeding source, no wind feeling, etc. It also has good heat transfer, It has the advantages of high thermal efficiency, small footprint, independent control of heat and humidity, effective improvement of indoor air quality, and utilization of low-grade energy. The water supply and return temperature of ordinary floor heating is generally 55°C-45°C; the temperature of supply and return water of the capillary network is generally 35°C-30°C, which is more than 30% energy-saving than ordinary floor heating, and the energy saving is remarkable. In particular, the advantage of being able to utilize low-grade energy provides the possibility of utilizing solar energy.

The lithium bromide absorption refrigeration technology uses the binary solution composed of "lithium bromide-water" as the working medium pair to complete the refrigeration cycle. The absorbent is lithium bromide solution, and the refrigerant is water. Within a certain range, the higher the temperature of the heat source, the higher the refrigeration efficiency of the unit. The heat source required for the refrigeration process can be steam, waste heat, waste steam, and underground hot water can also be used.

In the prior art, most of the above technologies are used in a single system, and are not used in combination, so the efficient utilization of energy has not been brought into play. In the prior art, there are also many patents on the utilization of hot water generated by solar collectors or the utilization of hot water generated by solar photovoltaic photothermal devices. The hot water generated by the system is used for domestic hot water and flooring Radiant heating, but most of the patents only use solar collectors, or only use PVT collectors. The hot water produced by some solar collectors is used not only as domestic hot water but also as a heat source for lithium bromide refrigeration, so that the temperature requirements of hot water and the stability of the system cannot be guaranteed. And the temperature of the hot water produced by the device is single, which is difficult to meet the needs of users in different situations.

This device also considers that solar energy is an intermittent energy source at day and night, and is also affected by rainy weather. Therefore, a heat storage device is added to the solar energy utilization system for heat storage, and biomass clean energy is used as auxiliary energy. Most of the auxiliary energy used in the prior art is coal or gas, and the combustion form of the boiler is single, and they are also non-renewable resources. When biomass pellets are burned, the content of harmful gas components is extremely low, and the harmful gases emitted are less. In rural areas, biomass resources are especially abundant. benefit. Moreover, the burned ash can be directly used as potash fertilizer, which saves expenses. Considering the sustainable development and environmental protection effect, the heat source boiler used in this patent can either burn biomass or use natural gas, but biomass fuel is the main fuel. of burning material.

This device adopts solar heat collector or PVT heat collector and uses liquid working medium as heat transfer working medium. Under extreme climate conditions, some liquid working fluids, such as water, will face the danger of freezing, which may damage the solar collectors or the fluid working medium channels on the back of the solar panel in severe cases. Considering the high efficiency and stability of winter operation, in the prior art, in order to prevent freezing, most of the methods in the prior art are to add antifreeze. Although this approach solves the problem of freezing, it increases the cost of the product, and it is also necessary to frequently check whether the antifreeze is sufficient.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a device that uses solar energy and biomass low-carbon energy to realize efficient utilization of multiple temperature gradients. This system combines two sets of heat collector devices and three temperature storage water tanks, and the system is designed and controlled in an integrated manner. It solves the problem of absorption cooling heat source and domestic hot water supply in summer; and solves the problem of providing domestic hot water with different temperatures in winter to meet the different needs of users in winter. Combined with the lower temperature hot water produced by the PVT device in winter, it is suitable for use as a heat source for capillary radiant heating, thus giving full play to the high-efficiency operation characteristics of the device. The system of the present invention also solves the problem of water freezing in pipelines by emptying the water in the solar heat collector and PVT heat collector system through the system device without using antifreeze, thereby making the device safe and reliable in winter operation.

The technical solution is as follows: a multi-temperature gradient utilization system using solar heat collection, including a solar high-temperature collector end, a PVT medium-temperature heat collector end, a low-temperature water storage end, and an indoor capillary cooling and heating radiation end;

The high-temperature solar heat collector end includes a high-temperature water tank S1 and a solar heat collector 1 connected to the high-temperature water tank S1; the PVT medium-temperature heat collector end includes a medium-temperature water tank S2 and a solar heat collector 1 connected to the medium-temperature water tank S2 PVT heat collector 3; the high-temperature water tank S1 is connected to channel A for providing high-temperature domestic hot water; the medium-temperature water tank S2 is connected to channel B for providing medium-temperature domestic hot water;

The low-temperature water storage end includes a low-temperature water tank S3 and a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device 4 connected to the low-temperature water tank S3; the heat source end of the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device 4 is connected with a sleeve heat exchanger 11, and the sleeve pipe The heat exchanger 11 is placed in the high-temperature water tank S1;

The indoor capillary cooling and heating radiating end device includes a capillary water separator 5, a capillary water collector 6, and an indoor capillary 7; the water inlet pipe of the capillary water separator 5 is provided with a three-way pipe, and the three-way pipe is respectively connected to The water outlet pipe of the medium-temperature water tank S2 is connected to the water outlet pipe of the low-temperature water tank S3; when the indoor capillary tube is used for cooling and heating by the radiant end device for heating, the water inlet pipe of the capillary water separator 5 is connected to the medium-temperature water tank S2 When the indoor capillary tube is cooling and heating the radiant end device is cooling, it is connected to the water inlet pipe of the capillary water distributor 5 and the water outlet pipe of the low-temperature water tank S3.

The outlet of the casing heat exchanger 11 is connected with a working medium biomass furnace 2 for auxiliary heating in the casing heat exchanger 11, and the biomass furnace 2 is provided with a flue heat exchanger 8; The channel heat exchanger 8 is connected to the end of the PVT medium-temperature heat collector, and is used for auxiliary heating of the hot water in the medium-temperature water tank S2.

The heat source end of the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device 4 can be directly connected to the biomass furnace 2, and the working fluid inside is heated by the biomass furnace 2.

Vent pipes (m1-n1), ( m3-n3); a bypass pipe (m2-n2) is provided between the water inlet pipe on the flue heat exchanger (8) of the biomass furnace (2) and the cold water outlet pipe of the medium temperature water tank (S2) .

The installation position of the high-temperature water tank S1 is higher than that of the medium-temperature water tank S2, and the high-temperature water tank S1 and the medium-temperature water tank S2 are connected by a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a water temperature lower than 30°C in the medium-temperature water tank S2. The electromagnetic one-way valve d3 opened at ℃.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The present invention adopts two sets of systems of PVT heat collector and solar heat collector to be used in combination. PVT collectors can achieve photoelectric effect and photothermal effect. By installing photovoltaic panels on the front and cooling with circulating water on the back, on the one hand, the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation is improved, and on the other hand, the heat that cannot be converted into electricity by photovoltaic panels is collected.

2. The present invention is provided with water tanks of different temperatures to provide water with different gradient temperatures, which can meet the needs of users for domestic water at different temperatures.

3. The present invention is equipped with a biomass furnace as auxiliary heat. When the solar radiation is insufficient, the biomass furnace can be turned on for auxiliary heat to ensure the normal needs of users.

4. The present invention adds a protection device for anti-freezing and venting pipes in winter to prevent the remaining water in the pipes from freezing easily when the temperature is too low in winter nights, thereby freezing and cracking water pipes and freezing PVT heat collecting panels and solar collectors.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-temperature gradient utilization system using low-carbon energy sources in the present invention.

Figure 2 is a flow chart of radiant cooling in summer.

Figure 3 is a flow chart of radiant heating in winter.

Figure 4 is a flow chart of the anti-freezing device in winter and the production of domestic hot water in winter.

In the figure, 1. Solar heat collector, 2. Biomass furnace, 3. PVT (photovoltaic/photothermal) heat collector, 4. Lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device, 5. Capillary water separator, 6. Capillary water collector , 7. Indoor capillary tube, 8. Flue heat exchanger, 9. Flue gas fan, 10. Chimney, 11. Pipeline heat exchanger, S1, high temperature water tank, S2, medium temperature water tank, S3, low temperature water tank, B1, set Heater water circulation pump, B2, PVT device circulation pump, B3, heat source circulation pump, B4, chilled water circulation pump, B5, capillary tube circulation pump, B6, water supply pump, T1, solar collector anti-freezing water temperature probe, T2, PVT collector antifreeze water temperature probe, T3, radiant cooling and heating return water temperature probe, a1, collector outlet valve, a2, collector electromagnetic vent valve, a3, solar collector exhaust valve, a4, High temperature water tank exhaust valve, b1, heat source valve 1, b2, heat source valve 2, b3, heat source valve 3, b4, heat source valve 4, b5, chilled water return valve, b6, chilled water outlet valve, c1, capillary cold water outlet Valve, c2, capillary cold water return valve, c3, capillary bypass valve, c4, capillary water supply on-off valve, c5, capillary hot water return valve, c6, capillary hot water outlet valve, d1, high temperature hot water outlet valve, d2, medium temperature hot water outlet valve, d3, electromagnetic one-way valve, d4, water supply valve, e1, hot water valve 1, e2, electromagnetic vent valve of PVT heat collector, e3, solenoid valve of bypass pipe, e4, thermal Water valve two, e5, PVT collector exhaust valve, e6, medium temperature water tank exhaust valve, e7, hot water outlet valve.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described through specific embodiments below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

One uses new solar energy as the main energy source and biomass low-carbon energy as the auxiliary energy source. The water stored in the three temperature storage tanks has different temperatures, and realizes the triple supply of cooling, heating and electricity. The device includes a solar vacuum tube collector end, a solar PVT medium-temperature collector end, a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration low-temperature water storage end, an indoor capillary tube cooling and heating radiation end, a winter anti-freezing vent pipe protection end, and a biomass auxiliary heat source and Domestic hot water production end. Through adjustment and control, the device functions under different environmental requirements are realized, and the specific working methods of each part are described now.

The solar heat collector end includes the solar heat collector 1, the water circulation pump B1 of the heat collector, the high temperature water tank S1, and the water outlet valve a1 of the heat collector. The connection method is as follows: the outlet of the high temperature water tank S1 is connected to the collector outlet valve a1 and the collector water circulation pump B1, the water from the pump outlet goes to the inlet of the solar collector 1 to absorb solar energy for heating, and then flows back to the high temperature water tank S1 after heating.

The solar PVT (photovoltaic/photothermal) integrated joint supply device includes hot water outlet valve e7, hot water valve one e1, hot water valve two e4, bypass pipe solenoid valve e3, PVT collector 3, medium temperature water tank S2 and the PVT heat collector power supply line, the hot water outlet of the PVT heat collector is connected to the flue heat exchanger 8 of the biomass furnace 2 through the hot water valve 2 e4, the hot water outlet is connected to the inlet of the medium temperature water tank S2, and the medium temperature water The outlet of tank S2 is connected with hot water outlet valve e7, PVT device circulation pump B2, and hot water valve one e1; a bypass pipe m2-n2 is installed between the outlet of PVT device circulation pump B2 and hot water valve one e1. PVT collector 3 uses lamination or adhesive technology to combine solar panels and solar collectors. The front is a solar photovoltaic panel, and the back is a circulating water pipe. The photovoltaic panels are crystalline silicon solar cells or thin film solar cells. The DC power generated by the PVT heat collector 3 passes through a series of devices such as an inverter, a transformer, and a storage battery, and is then supplied to each circulating pump in the system, and the excess power can be used for the user's daily life.

Lithium bromide absorption refrigeration low temperature water storage end includes lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device 4, heat source circulation pump B3, heat source valve 1 b1, heat source valve 2 b2, heat source valve 3 b3, heat source valve 4 b4, casing heat exchanger 11, chilled water circulation Pump B4, chilled water outlet valve b6, chilled water return valve b5, low temperature water tank S3. The connection method is: after the lithium bromide refrigeration device (4) provides the heat source, the working oil passes through the valve (b4), the heat source circulation pump (B3), the valve (b1) in sequence, and passes through the casing heat exchanger in the water tank (S1). (11) After heat exchange, it passes through the biomass furnace (2) for auxiliary heat, and then flows back to the generator in the lithium bromide refrigeration device (4). Among them, there are branches controlled by heat source valve 2 b2 and heat source valve 3 b3. The opening and closing of the valves can realize the use of heat sources under different working conditions.

The water in the PVT collector 3 is stored in the medium temperature water tank S2 after heat exchange; the water in the heating pipeline of the solar collector 1 is stored in the high temperature water tank S1; the cold water produced by the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device 4 is stored in the low temperature water tank S3 store. The water temperature of the low-temperature water tank S3 is 10-18°C, the water temperature of the medium-temperature water tank S2 is 30-50°C, and the water temperature of the high-temperature water tank S1 is 50-90°C.

The indoor capillary cooling and heating radiation end device includes: capillary cold water outlet valve c1, capillary cold water return valve c2, capillary bypass valve c3, capillary water separator 5, capillary water collector 6, indoor capillary 7, capillary water supply on-off Valve c4, capillary circulation pump B5, capillary hot water outlet valve c6, capillary hot water return valve c5, and a radiant cooling and heating return water temperature probe T3 is installed on the outlet of the capillary water collector; the connection method in summer is: low temperature water It flows out from the low-temperature water tank S3, passes through capillary cold water outlet valve c1, capillary circulation pump B5, and capillary water distributor 5, and then connects to each indoor capillary 7, passes through capillary water supply on-off valve c4, capillary water collector 6, and capillary chilled water return The water valve c2 flows back into the low-temperature water tank S3. The capillary bypass valve c3 is installed between the water inlet and outlet pipes. The winter connection method is: hot water flows out from the medium temperature water tank S2, through the capillary hot water outlet valve c6, capillary circulation pump B5, capillary water separator 5, indoor capillary 7, capillary on-off valve c4, capillary water collector 6, capillary heat sink The water return valve c5 flows back to the medium temperature water tank S2. In winter, the high-temperature water tank S1 and the medium-temperature water tank S2 supply hot water from the high-temperature water tank S1 to the medium-temperature water tank S2 by installing the communication pipe of the electromagnetic check valve d3, the water supply pump B6, and the water supply valve d4.

The biomass auxiliary heat source end device includes a biomass furnace 2 , a flue heat exchanger 8 , a flue fan 9 , and a chimney 10 . The fuel used in the biomass furnace 2 is fuel made of biomass, such as granular combustion materials made of rural straw, rice straw, rice husk , corn cob , and cottonseed hulls , and clean energy such as methanol, ethanol, methane, and natural gas can also be burned. The working medium oil in the casing heat exchanger 8 can be a relatively high boiling point, safe, reliable, and easy-to-obtain organic composition oil, such as methyl silicone oil, polymerized dimethyl silicone oil, and aromatic hydrocarbons. The heating temperature in the biomass furnace 2 can reach 100-200°C.

The domestic hot water production end device includes: high-temperature hot water outlet valve d1, medium-temperature hot water outlet valve d2, electromagnetic one-way valve d3, and water supply valve d4. The connection method is as follows: the reclaimed water in the high-temperature water tank S1 supplies high-temperature water to users through the high-temperature hot water outlet valve d1; the medium-temperature water tank S2 supplies medium-temperature water to users through the medium-temperature hot water outlet valve d2. The installation position of the high-temperature water tank S1 is higher than that of the medium-temperature water tank S2. There is a connecting pipe equipped with an electromagnetic check valve d3 between the two water tanks. When the temperature of the heat source is insufficient, the hot water in the high-temperature water tank S1 is supplied to the medium-temperature water tank S2 through the connecting pipe.

The anti-freezing vent pipe protection device in winter includes: vent pipes m1-n1 in the solar collector device, anti-freezing water temperature probe T1 of the solar collector, exhaust valve a3 of the solar collector, and exhaust valve of the high-temperature water tank a4; Vent pipes m3-n3 in the PVT device, anti-freezing water temperature probe T2 of the PVT collector, exhaust valve e5 of the PVT collector, and exhaust valve e6 of the medium-temperature water tank. The connection method is: the anti-freezing water temperature probe T1 of the solar collector and the anti-freezing water temperature probe T2 of the PVT collector are respectively installed at the hot water outlet of the solar collector and the PVT device; the exhaust valve a3 of the solar collector , The exhaust valve e5 of the PVT collector is installed on the top end of the device; the exhaust valve a4 of the high temperature water tank is installed on the top of the high temperature water tank S1; the exhaust valve e6 of the medium temperature water tank is installed on the top of the medium temperature water tank S2 The upper end; the vent pipe m1-n1 is installed between the inlet end of the solar collector and the high-temperature water tank S1; the vent pipe m3-n3 is installed between the inlet end of the PVT collector and the medium-temperature water tank S2. Specific implementation method: when the temperature is too low at night in winter, when the solar collector 1 is not in operation, the anti-freezing water temperature probe T1 of the solar collector detects that the water temperature in the solar collector 1 is less than or equal to 0°C (depending on the specific situation set value), at this time the device is in danger of freezing, the system automatically opens the solar collector exhaust valve a3, the high temperature water tank exhaust valve a4, opens the collector electromagnetic vent valve a2 in the empty pipe m1-n1, and the solar collector The cold water in the heat collector 1 flows into the high temperature water tank S1 by gravity. When the solar PVT device 3 is not running at night, the anti-freezing water temperature probe T2 of the PVT collector detects that the water temperature in the PVT collector 3 is less than or equal to 0°C, and the system automatically opens the exhaust valve e5 of the PVT collector at this time , medium temperature water tank exhaust valve e6, hot water valve 2 e4, and open the PVT collector electromagnetic vent valve e2 in the open pipe m3-n3, and close the bypass pipe electromagnetic valve e3 in the bypass pipe m2-n2, Hot water valve one e1, hot water outlet valve e7, the cold water in the PVT heat collector 3 flows to the medium temperature water tank S2 for storage at night by gravity, and is drawn by the pump in the morning to start the heating cycle.

In the present invention, when the weather is continuously cloudy or rainy, or when the anti-freezing water temperature probe T1 of the solar collector detects that the water temperature of the pipeline is too low (less than or equal to 10°C, it can be set according to the user), the water circulation pump B1 of the collector is not turned on , close the water outlet valve a1 of the heat collector, and heat the water in the high temperature water tank S1 through the casing heat exchanger 11 in the high temperature water tank S1, and the working medium oil supplemented by the biomass furnace 2. PVT heat collection system is equipped with bypass pipes m2 - n2. In continuous rainy or low temperature weather, the anti-freezing water temperature probe T2 of the PVT heat collector detects that the water temperature of the pipeline is too low (less than or equal to 10°C, which can be set according to the user's own needs) ), close the hot water valve one e1 and hot water valve two e4, and the water is bypassed to the flue gas heat exchanger 8 for heating through the bypass pipe m2-n2.

When the device is running in summer, the electromagnetic vent valve a2 of the collector on the vent pipe m1-n1 at the end of the solar collector is closed, the exhaust valve a3 of the solar collector and the exhaust valve a4 of the high-temperature water tank are closed, and water is discharged from the collector The valve a1 is opened, the collector water circulation pump B1 is turned on, and the solar collector 1 heats the high-temperature water tank S1. At the same time, the PVT heat collector 3 is opened synchronously, the hot water outlet valve e7, the circulation pump B2 of the PVT device, the hot water valve one e1, and the hot water valve two e4 are opened; the electromagnetic vent valve e2 of the PVT heat collector, the solenoid valve of the bypass pipe e3, PVT heat collector exhaust valve e5 and medium temperature water tank exhaust valve e6 are closed. After the water in the PVT heat collector 3 absorbs excess heat from the photovoltaic panels, it is stored in the medium temperature water tank S2. The DC power in the PVT collector power supply line passes through the inverter, transformer, battery and other devices, and then supplies power to each pump in the system, and the excess power is used for domestic electricity.

The present invention can provide two kinds of domestic hot water with different temperatures. Open the high-temperature hot water outlet valve d1 in channel A to provide high-temperature domestic hot water at 50-70°C, which can be used for bathing; open the medium-temperature hot water in channel B. The water outlet valve d2 can provide low-temperature domestic hot water of 30-50°C, which can be used for washing hands and vegetables in winter and other occasions that require a low-temperature heat source. When the temperature of the hot water in the high-temperature water tank S1 is insufficient, the biomass furnace 2 can be turned on for auxiliary heating; when the water temperature in the medium-temperature water tank S2 is insufficient, the waste heat of the flue gas from the biomass furnace 2 is used to heat the medium-temperature water tank in the flue heat exchanger 8 Hot water in S2; if higher temperature hot water is required, the high-temperature hot water outlet valve d1 in high-temperature water tank S1 can also be intermittently opened at this time to provide high-temperature hot water with a temperature between 50-80°C. When the water volume of the high and medium temperature water tank is lower than a certain set value, the water tank will automatically replenish water.

When cooling is required in summer, the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device provides heat source from high-temperature working medium oil, and there are three modes of heat source acquisition. When the temperature detector in the high-temperature water tank S1 detects that the water temperature is between 70-90°C, the heat of the water will be exchanged to the working medium oil in the casing heat exchanger 11, and the biomass furnace 2 will not start. At this time, the heat source valve 1 will be opened. b1, heat source valve 4 b4, heat source valve 2 b2 and heat source valve 3 b3 are closed; when the water temperature of the high-temperature water tank S1 is 50-70°C, the heat of the water heats the working medium oil in the casing heat exchanger 11, and the biomass furnace 2 is turned on Auxiliary heat, at this time open heat source valve 1 b1, heat source valve 4 b4, heat source valve 2 b2 and heat source valve 3 b3 close; when the water temperature of the high-temperature water tank S1 is below 50°C, the working medium oil does not pass through the casing heat exchanger 11 for heat exchange , while heating directly in the biomass furnace 2, at this time the heat source valve 4 b4 and the heat source valve 2 b2 are opened, and the heat source valve 1 b1 and the heat source valve 3 b3 are closed. The cold water generated in the evaporator in the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit 4 flows to the low temperature water tank S3 through the chilled water outlet valve b6, and then the chilled water circulation pump B4 provides power for the chilled water circulation, and flows back to the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit through the chilled water return valve b5 4 medium evaporators. Within a certain temperature range, the higher the temperature of the oil that provides the heat source, the higher the cooling efficiency. The casing heat exchanger 11 not only has the function of exchanging heat from the water in the high-temperature water tank S1 to the working medium oil in the pipeline in summer, but also has the function of exchanging heat from the working medium oil in the pipeline to water in the high-temperature water tank S1 in winter.

When heating and domestic hot water are needed in winter, the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device is not activated at this time. At this time, the heat source valve 4 b4 and heat source valve 2 b2 are closed, and the chilled water outlet valve b6, chilled water return valve b5, Chilled water circulation pump B4 is off. When the weather is continuously cloudy and rainy in winter, when the water temperature of the high-temperature water tank S1 and the low-temperature water tank S2 is too low (less than 30°C), the collector water circulation pump B1 stops running, the collector water outlet valve a1 is closed, and the solar collector exhaust valve a3 is opened , high-temperature water tank exhaust valve a4 and collector electromagnetic vent valve a2 above the vent pipe m1-n1, the water in the device flows back to the high-temperature water tank S1 by gravity. At this time, the biomass furnace 2 starts to work, the heat source valve 3 b3 and the heat source valve 1 b1 are turned on, the heat source circulation pump B3 is turned on, and the working medium oil is heated in the biomass furnace 2, and then heated to a high temperature in the casing heat exchanger 11 Water from tank S1. At the same time, in the PVT device system, the water in the PVT heat collector 3 pipeline flows through the vent pipe, and the electromagnetic vent valve e2 of the PVT collector above the vent pipe m3-n3 flows into the medium temperature water tank S2 through natural gravity, and is opened at this time The exhaust valve e5 of the PVT collector and the exhaust valve e6 of the medium-temperature water tank in the system device keep the device in balance with the external pressure. Close hot water valve 1 e1 and hot water valve 4 e4, open bypass pipe solenoid valve e3 above bypass pipe m2-n2, hot water outlet valve e7 and circulation pump B2 of PVT device, hot water passes through bypass pipe, only Heating takes place in the flue heat exchanger 8 .

The cold water produced by the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device 4 is stored in the low-temperature water tank S3, and the water temperature is between 10-18°C. During cooling in summer, the capillary hot water outlet valve c6 and the capillary hot water return valve c5 are always closed. In summer, the cold water is provided by the low-temperature water tank S3. Open the capillary cold water outlet valve c1, the capillary cold water return valve c2, the capillary water supply on-off valve c4, and the capillary circulation pump B5, and the cold water flows into the capillary radiation end. If the temperature detected by the radiant cooling and heating return water temperature probe T3 is lower than 18°C, the cold water after capillary cooling and heat exchange will bypass the capillary bypass valve c3 to the water separator 5 and continue to be used by the capillary, thereby saving more energy. Among them, the capillary bypass valve c3 is an electric regulating valve, and the opening range can be adjusted, so as to control the flow flowing into the bypass pipe. A dew point sensor is installed in the room. When the dew point sensor senses that the cold radiation surface is about to condense, close the capillary cold water outlet valve c1 at the water inlet end of the capillary, stop cold water from entering the capillary, and open the capillary cold water outlet valve after the temperature of the radiation surface rises. c1 circulates to prevent condensation. At the same time, the room can also be equipped with a dehumidifier. When the dew point sensor senses that condensation is about to occur, the dehumidifier can be turned on for partial dehumidification.

In winter, the hot water in the medium-temperature water tank S2 provides the heat source at the end of the capillary radiation. At the end of the radiation, the capillary cold water outlet valve c1 and the capillary cold water return valve c2 are closed. Open the capillary hot water outlet valve c6, the capillary hot water return valve c5, the capillary water supply on-off valve c4, and turn on the capillary circulation pump B5. After the hot water passes through the water distributor 5, it flows back to the water collector 6 after passing through the capillary radiation heating. When the radiation cooling and heating return water temperature probe T3 detects that the temperature of the hot water is greater than or equal to 30°C, it passes through the capillary bypass valve c3. Pass back in the water separator 5, continue radiation heating, thereby more energy-saving.

In the present invention, in indoor capillary tube radiation cooling and heating, the capillary tube can be installed on the ceiling, on the ground, or on the wall. In the PVT device, the generated direct current can provide power for the pumps of the system through inverters, transformers, batteries, etc., and the excess electricity can be used by users. In the present invention, heat pipes and compound parabolic heat collectors can be used on the side of the solar heat collector to realize heat collection of solar energy. In the present invention, the low-temperature water tank, the medium-temperature water tank, and the high-temperature water tank all have a heat preservation function, and have liquid level gauges, thermometers, pressure gauges, and corresponding water replenishment places.

The specific implementation cases described in the present invention are only preferred implementation cases of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation scope of the present invention. That is, all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the content of the patent scope of the present invention should be regarded as the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. adopt many thermogrades of solar energy heating to utilize a system, it is characterized in that: comprise solar energy high temperature heat collector end, PVT medium-temperature collectors end, Low Temperature Storage water end (W.E.), indoor capillary cold and heat supply spoke side;

The solar thermal collector (1) that described solar energy high temperature heat collector end comprises high-temperature water tank (S1) and is connected with described high-temperature water tank (S1); The PVT heat collector (3) that described PVT medium-temperature collectors end comprises middle reservoir (S2) and is connected with described middle reservoir (S2); Described high-temperature water tank (S1) is connected with A channel, for providing thermobiosis hot water; Described middle reservoir (S2) is connected with channel B, for providing middle temperature domestic hot-water;

The lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant (4) that described Low Temperature Storage water end (W.E.) comprises low temperature water tank (S3) and is connected with described low temperature water tank (S3); The heat source side of described lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant (4) is connected with double-tube heat exchanger (11), and described double-tube heat exchanger (11) is positioned in described high-temperature water tank (S1);

Described indoor capillary cold and heat supply spoke side device comprises capillary water knockout drum (5), capillary water collector (6), indoor capillary (7); Described capillary water knockout drum (5) oral siphon is provided with three-way pipe, and described three-way pipe is connected with described middle reservoir (S2) outlet pipe and described low temperature water tank (S3) outlet pipe respectively; When described indoor capillary cold and heat supply spoke side device heating, be communicated with the outlet pipe of described capillary water knockout drum (5) oral siphon and described middle reservoir (S2); When described indoor capillary cold and heat supply spoke side device cooling, be communicated with the outlet pipe of described capillary water knockout drum (5) oral siphon and described low temperature water tank (S3).

2. many thermogrades of employing solar energy heating according to claim 1 utilize system, it is characterized in that: export at described double-tube heat exchanger (11) biomass stove (2) be connected with for the working medium in double-tube heat exchanger described in auxiliary heating (11), described biomass stove (2) is provided with chimney heat exchanger (8); Described chimney heat exchanger (8) is connected with described PVT medium-temperature collectors end, for the hot water in reservoir (S2) middle described in auxiliary heating.

3. many thermogrades of employing solar energy heating according to claim 2 utilize system, it is characterized in that: the heat source side of described lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant (4) directly can connect described biomass stove (2), is heated the working medium in it by described biomass stove (2).

4. many thermogrades of employing solar energy heating according to claim 1 utilize system, it is characterized in that: between described solar thermal collector (1) and high-temperature water tank (S1), between described PVT heat collector (3) and middle reservoir (S2), be respectively equipped with blow-down pipe (m1-n1), (m3-n3); Water inlet pipe on the chimney heat exchanger (8) of described biomass stove (2) and be provided with by-pass line (m2-n2) between described middle reservoir (S2) cold water outlet pipe.

5. many thermogrades of employing solar energy heating according to claim 1 utilize system, it is characterized in that: described high-temperature water tank (S1) installation site is higher than described middle reservoir (S2) position, be connected by pipeline between described high-temperature water tank (S1) with described middle reservoir (S2), described pipeline be provided with the middle water temperature of central reservoir (S2) lower than the electromagnetism check valve (d3) opened when 30 DEG C.