CN104864630A - Multiple-temperature-gradient utilizing system using solar heat collection - Google Patents

Multiple-temperature-gradient utilizing system using solar heat collection Download PDF

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CN104864630A
CN104864630A CN201510289635.2A CN201510289635A CN104864630A CN 104864630 A CN104864630 A CN 104864630A CN 201510289635 A CN201510289635 A CN 201510289635A CN 104864630 A CN104864630 A CN 104864630A
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temperature
water
water tank
collector
capillary
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CN104864630B (en
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陈九法
饶义本
田权
李亚楠
安玉磊
齐东昇
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Southeast University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B29/00Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
    • F25B29/006Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the sorption type system
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • F25B15/02Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
    • F25B15/06Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F25B27/002Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
    • F25B27/007Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy in sorption type systems
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/62Absorption based systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multiple-temperature-gradient utilizing system using solar heat collection. According to the system, three temperature storage water tanks with water of different temperatures contained are adopted, distribution of the water of different temperatures in all the water tanks is adjusted in an optimized mode, hence, gradient utilization can be acheived, and the cooling and heating requirements can be met. Domestic hot water of two different temperatures can be provided by the system, the cooling or heating requirement and the anti-freezing requirement of the radiation tail end of a capillary tube under different season conditions can be met, and thus the comfort, high efficiency and safety are guaranteed. The solar heat utilization and thermoelectricity integration combined supply technology is adopted in the system. The device is provided with a novel solar thermal collector-photovoltaic/photo-thermal collector (PVT) with photovoltaic power generation and solar low-temperature heat utilization integrated. The device comprises a solar high-temperature collector end, a solar PVT intermediate temperature collector end, a lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration low-temperature water storage end, an indoor capillary tube cooling and heating radiation end, a winter anti-freezing exhausting pipeline protection end and a biomass supplementary heat source and domestic hot water making end.

Description

一种采用太阳能集热的多温度梯度利用系统A multi-temperature gradient utilization system using solar heat collection

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及太阳能和生物质低碳能源综合利用技术领域,具体涉及为一种采用低碳能源产生不同的温度水并加以高效利用的装置。 The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of solar energy and biomass low-carbon energy, in particular to a device that uses low-carbon energy to generate water of different temperatures and utilizes it efficiently.

背景技术 Background technique

太阳能是一种清洁能源,开发利用太阳能不仅能够降低燃烧常规能源带来的污染,还可以缓解能源紧张。PVT(光伏/光热)集热器利用层压或胶粘技术将太阳能电池或组件与太阳能集热器有机结合一起,当太阳能电池发电时,由于入射太阳能转化为电能的比例约为15%,其余大部分能量转化为热量,这些热量通过水换热进行回收利用。既降低了光伏板的温度,提高了发电效率,也回收了太阳辐射热量,提高了能源利用效率。 Solar energy is a kind of clean energy. The development and utilization of solar energy can not only reduce the pollution caused by burning conventional energy, but also alleviate the energy shortage. PVT (photovoltaic/photothermal) collectors use lamination or adhesive technology to organically combine solar cells or components with solar collectors. When solar cells generate electricity, the proportion of incident solar energy converted into electrical energy is about 15%. Most of the rest of the energy is converted to heat, which is recycled through water heat exchange. It not only reduces the temperature of the photovoltaic panel, improves the power generation efficiency, but also recovers the solar radiation heat, and improves the energy utilization efficiency.

毛细管辐射供暖供冷技术是20世纪70年代由德国科学家根据仿生学原理发明的,具有舒适性好、布置灵活、无噪声、不存在细菌滋生源、无吹风感等优点,并具有传热好、热效率高、占用空间较小、热湿独立控制、有效提高室内空气品质、可利用低品位能源等优势。普通地暖供回水温度一般55℃—45℃;毛细管网供回水温度一般35℃-30℃,比普通地暖节能30%以上,节能显着。特别是可以利用低品位能源的优势,为利用太阳能提供了可能。 Capillary radiation heating and cooling technology was invented by German scientists in the 1970s based on the principle of bionics. It has the advantages of good comfort, flexible layout, no noise, no bacteria breeding source, no wind feeling, etc. It also has good heat transfer, It has the advantages of high thermal efficiency, small footprint, independent control of heat and humidity, effective improvement of indoor air quality, and utilization of low-grade energy. The water supply and return temperature of ordinary floor heating is generally 55°C-45°C; the temperature of supply and return water of the capillary network is generally 35°C-30°C, which is more than 30% energy-saving than ordinary floor heating, and the energy saving is remarkable. In particular, the advantage of being able to utilize low-grade energy provides the possibility of utilizing solar energy.

溴化锂吸收式制冷技术是利用“溴化锂——水”组成的二元溶液为工质对,完成制冷循环。其中吸收剂为溴化锂溶液,制冷剂为水,在一定范围内,热源温度越高,机组制冷效率越高。制冷过程所需的热源可为蒸汽,也可利用废热,废汽,以及地下热水。 The lithium bromide absorption refrigeration technology uses the binary solution composed of "lithium bromide-water" as the working medium pair to complete the refrigeration cycle. The absorbent is lithium bromide solution, and the refrigerant is water. Within a certain range, the higher the temperature of the heat source, the higher the refrigeration efficiency of the unit. The heat source required for the refrigeration process can be steam, waste heat, waste steam, and underground hot water can also be used.

现有技术中,关于以上技术大部分是一个单独系统使用,没有结合一起使用,故还没有发挥能源的高效性利用。在现有技术中,关于太阳能集热器产生热水加以利用或是太阳能光伏光热装置产生热水加以利用的专利也很多,系统产生的热水用来做生活热水,也有用来做地板辐射供暖的,但是大部分专利都是只采用太阳能集热器,或是只采用PVT集热器装置。有的太阳能集热器产生的热水既用来做生活热水又用来做溴化锂制冷的热源,这样就不能保证热水温度的要求和系统的稳定性。并且装置产生的热水温度单一,难以满足用户不同情况需求。 In the prior art, most of the above technologies are used in a single system, and are not used in combination, so the efficient utilization of energy has not been brought into play. In the prior art, there are also many patents on the utilization of hot water generated by solar collectors or the utilization of hot water generated by solar photovoltaic photothermal devices. The hot water generated by the system is used for domestic hot water and flooring Radiant heating, but most of the patents only use solar collectors, or only use PVT collectors. The hot water produced by some solar collectors is used not only as domestic hot water but also as a heat source for lithium bromide refrigeration, so that the temperature requirements of hot water and the stability of the system cannot be guaranteed. And the temperature of the hot water produced by the device is single, which is difficult to meet the needs of users in different situations.

本装置还考虑到太阳能是昼夜间歇性能源,又受到阴雨天气影响,因此太阳能利用系统中加入蓄热装置进行蓄热,并且利用生物质清洁能源作为辅助能源。已有技术中大部分采用的辅助能源形式为燃煤或是燃气,锅炉燃烧形式单一,而它们也都是不可再生资源。而生物质颗粒燃烧时有害气体成分含量极低,排放的有害气体少,而在农村地区,生物质资源尤其丰富,生物质颗粒燃烧时有害气体成分含量极低,排放的有害气体少,具有环保效益。而且燃烧后的灰还可以作为钾肥直接使用,节省了开支,考虑到可持续发展性和环保效应,本专利使用的热源锅炉即可燃烧生物质也可使用天燃气,但以生物质燃料为主要的燃烧物。 This device also considers that solar energy is an intermittent energy source at day and night, and is also affected by rainy weather. Therefore, a heat storage device is added to the solar energy utilization system for heat storage, and biomass clean energy is used as auxiliary energy. Most of the auxiliary energy used in the prior art is coal or gas, and the combustion form of the boiler is single, and they are also non-renewable resources. When biomass pellets are burned, the content of harmful gas components is extremely low, and the harmful gases emitted are less. In rural areas, biomass resources are especially abundant. benefit. Moreover, the burned ash can be directly used as potash fertilizer, which saves expenses. Considering the sustainable development and environmental protection effect, the heat source boiler used in this patent can either burn biomass or use natural gas, but biomass fuel is the main fuel. of burning material.

本装置采用太阳能集热器或是PVT集热器使用了液体工质作为传热工质。在极端气候的条件下,一些液体工质,例如水,会面临结冻的危险,严重时可能破坏太阳能集热器或是太阳能电池板背部的流体工质通道。考虑到冬季运行的高效性和稳定性方面上,在现有技术中,为了防止结冻,已有技术中大多数的做法是添加防冻液。这种做法虽然解决了结冻的问题,但是增加了产品的成本,而且还需要经常检查防冻液是否足量。 This device adopts solar heat collector or PVT heat collector and uses liquid working medium as heat transfer working medium. Under extreme climate conditions, some liquid working fluids, such as water, will face the danger of freezing, which may damage the solar collectors or the fluid working medium channels on the back of the solar panel in severe cases. Considering the high efficiency and stability of winter operation, in the prior art, in order to prevent freezing, most of the methods in the prior art are to add antifreeze. Although this approach solves the problem of freezing, it increases the cost of the product, and it is also necessary to frequently check whether the antifreeze is sufficient.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种采用太阳能及生物质低碳能源实现多温度梯度高效利用的装置。本系统将两套集热器装置和三个蓄温水箱结合一起,系统一体化设计和控制。解决了夏季吸收式制冷热源和生活热水供给的问题;并解决了冬季可分别提供不同温度的生活热水,以满足用户冬季不同使用需求问题。冬季并结合PVT装置产生的较低温度的热水适合用来作为毛细管辐射供暖热源,这样充分发挥了本装置的高效运行特点。本发明系统也解决了不利用防冻液,通过系统装置将太阳能集热器和PVT集热器系统中水进行放空,从而解决管道水冻结问题,从而使本装置在冬季运行安全可靠。 Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a device that uses solar energy and biomass low-carbon energy to realize efficient utilization of multiple temperature gradients. This system combines two sets of heat collector devices and three temperature storage water tanks, and the system is designed and controlled in an integrated manner. It solves the problem of absorption cooling heat source and domestic hot water supply in summer; and solves the problem of providing domestic hot water with different temperatures in winter to meet the different needs of users in winter. Combined with the lower temperature hot water produced by the PVT device in winter, it is suitable for use as a heat source for capillary radiant heating, thus giving full play to the high-efficiency operation characteristics of the device. The system of the present invention also solves the problem of water freezing in pipelines by emptying the water in the solar heat collector and PVT heat collector system through the system device without using antifreeze, thereby making the device safe and reliable in winter operation.

技术方案如下:一种采用太阳能集热的多温度梯度利用系统,包括太阳能高温集热器端、PVT中温集热器端、低温蓄水端、室内毛细管供冷供热辐射端; The technical solution is as follows: a multi-temperature gradient utilization system using solar heat collection, including a solar high-temperature collector end, a PVT medium-temperature heat collector end, a low-temperature water storage end, and an indoor capillary cooling and heating radiation end;

所述太阳能高温集热器端包括高温水箱S1以及与所述高温水箱S1连接的太阳能集热器1;所述PVT中温集热器端包括中温水箱S2以及与所述中温水箱S2连接的PVT集热器3;所述高温水箱S1与A通道连接,用于提供高温生活热水;所述中温水箱S2与B通道连接,用于提供中温生活热水; The high-temperature solar heat collector end includes a high-temperature water tank S1 and a solar heat collector 1 connected to the high-temperature water tank S1; the PVT medium-temperature heat collector end includes a medium-temperature water tank S2 and a solar heat collector 1 connected to the medium-temperature water tank S2 PVT heat collector 3; the high-temperature water tank S1 is connected to channel A for providing high-temperature domestic hot water; the medium-temperature water tank S2 is connected to channel B for providing medium-temperature domestic hot water;

所述低温蓄水端包括低温水箱S3以及与所述低温水箱S3连接的溴化锂吸收式制冷装置4;所述溴化锂吸收式制冷装置4的热源端连接有套管换热器11,所述套管换热器11放置于所述高温水箱S1内; The low-temperature water storage end includes a low-temperature water tank S3 and a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device 4 connected to the low-temperature water tank S3; the heat source end of the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device 4 is connected with a sleeve heat exchanger 11, and the sleeve pipe The heat exchanger 11 is placed in the high-temperature water tank S1;

    所述室内毛细管供冷供热辐射端装置包括毛细管分水器5、毛细管集水器6、室内毛细管7;所述毛细管分水器5入水管上设有三通管,所述三通管分别与所述中温水箱S2出水管以及所述低温水箱S3出水管连接;当所述室内毛细管供冷供热辐射端装置供暖时,连通所述毛细管分水器5入水管与所述中温水箱S2的出水管;当所述室内毛细管供冷供热辐射端装置供冷时,连通所述毛细管分水器5入水管与所述低温水箱S3的出水管。 The indoor capillary cooling and heating radiating end device includes a capillary water separator 5, a capillary water collector 6, and an indoor capillary 7; the water inlet pipe of the capillary water separator 5 is provided with a three-way pipe, and the three-way pipe is respectively connected to The water outlet pipe of the medium-temperature water tank S2 is connected to the water outlet pipe of the low-temperature water tank S3; when the indoor capillary tube is used for cooling and heating by the radiant end device for heating, the water inlet pipe of the capillary water separator 5 is connected to the medium-temperature water tank S2 When the indoor capillary tube is cooling and heating the radiant end device is cooling, it is connected to the water inlet pipe of the capillary water distributor 5 and the water outlet pipe of the low-temperature water tank S3.

在所述套管换热器11出口连接有用于辅助加热所述套管换热器11内的工质生物质炉2,所述生物质炉2设有烟道换热器8;所述烟道换热器8与所述PVT中温集热器端连接,用于辅助加热所述中温水箱S2中的热水。 The outlet of the casing heat exchanger 11 is connected with a working medium biomass furnace 2 for auxiliary heating in the casing heat exchanger 11, and the biomass furnace 2 is provided with a flue heat exchanger 8; The channel heat exchanger 8 is connected to the end of the PVT medium-temperature heat collector, and is used for auxiliary heating of the hot water in the medium-temperature water tank S2.

所述溴化锂吸收式制冷装置4的热源端可直接连接所述生物质炉2,通过所述生物质炉2对其内的工质进行加热。 The heat source end of the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device 4 can be directly connected to the biomass furnace 2, and the working fluid inside is heated by the biomass furnace 2.

在所述太阳能集热器(1)与高温水箱(S1)之间、所述PVT集热器(3)与中温水箱(S2)之间分别设有放空管(m1-n1)、(m3-n3);所述生物质炉(2)的烟道换热器(8)上的入水管道与所述中温水箱(S2)冷水出水管之间设有旁通管道(m2-n2)。 Vent pipes (m1-n1), ( m3-n3); a bypass pipe (m2-n2) is provided between the water inlet pipe on the flue heat exchanger (8) of the biomass furnace (2) and the cold water outlet pipe of the medium temperature water tank (S2) .

所述高温水箱S1安装位置比所述中温水箱S2位置高,所述高温水箱S1与所述中温水箱S2之间通过管道连接,所述管道上设置有当中温水箱S2中水温低于30℃时开启的电磁单向阀d3。 The installation position of the high-temperature water tank S1 is higher than that of the medium-temperature water tank S2, and the high-temperature water tank S1 and the medium-temperature water tank S2 are connected by a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a water temperature lower than 30°C in the medium-temperature water tank S2. The electromagnetic one-way valve d3 opened at ℃.

本发明与现有技术相比具有以下有益效果: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1、本发明采用PVT集热器和太阳能集热器两套系统结合使用。PVT集热器可实现光电效应和光热效应,通过正面安装光电板,背面采用循环水冷却,一方面提高了光电的发电效率,另一方面收集了光伏板不能转化为电的那部分热量。 1. The present invention adopts two sets of systems of PVT heat collector and solar heat collector to be used in combination. PVT collectors can achieve photoelectric effect and photothermal effect. By installing photovoltaic panels on the front and cooling with circulating water on the back, on the one hand, the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation is improved, and on the other hand, the heat that cannot be converted into electricity by photovoltaic panels is collected.

2、本发明设置不同温度的水箱,提供了不同梯度温度的水,可以满足用户对于不同温度生活用水的需求。 2. The present invention is provided with water tanks of different temperatures to provide water with different gradient temperatures, which can meet the needs of users for domestic water at different temperatures.

3、本发明设置有生物质炉作为辅热,在太阳能辐射不足时,可开启生物质炉进行辅热,保证用户的正常需求。 3. The present invention is equipped with a biomass furnace as auxiliary heat. When the solar radiation is insufficient, the biomass furnace can be turned on for auxiliary heat to ensure the normal needs of users.

4、本发明增加冬季防结冻放空管道保护装置,防止在冬夜夜晚温度太低时,管道残余的水极易发生冻结,从而冻裂水管和冻坏PVT集热面板和太阳能集热器。 4. The present invention adds a protection device for anti-freezing and venting pipes in winter to prevent the remaining water in the pipes from freezing easily when the temperature is too low in winter nights, thereby freezing and cracking water pipes and freezing PVT heat collecting panels and solar collectors.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1 为本发明的一种采用低碳能源的多温度梯度利用系统的结构原理图。 Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a multi-temperature gradient utilization system using low-carbon energy sources in the present invention.

图2 为夏季辐射供冷流程图。 Figure 2 is a flow chart of radiant cooling in summer.

图3 为冬季辐射供暖流程图。 Figure 3 is a flow chart of radiant heating in winter.

图4 为冬季装置防结冻和冬季生活热水制取流程图。 Figure 4 is a flow chart of the anti-freezing device in winter and the production of domestic hot water in winter.

图中,1、太阳能集热器,2、生物质炉,3、PVT(光伏/光热)集热器,4、溴化锂吸收式制冷装置,5、毛细管分水器,6、毛细管集水器,7、室内毛细管,8、烟道换热器,9、烟气风机,10、烟囱,11、管道换热器,S1、高温水箱,S2、中温水箱,S3、低温水箱,B1、集热器水循环泵,B2、PVT装置循环泵,B3、热源循环泵,B4、冷冻水循环泵,B5、毛细管循环泵,B6、水补给泵,T1、太阳能集热器防结冻水温探头,T2、PVT集热器防结冻水温探头,T3、辐射供冷供暖回水温度探头,a1、集热器出水阀,a2、集热器电磁放空阀,a3、太阳能集热器排气阀,a4、高温水箱排气阀,b1、热源阀一,b2、热源阀二,b3、热源阀三,b4、热源阀四,b5、冷冻水回水阀,b6、冷冻水出水阀,c1、毛细管冷水出水阀,c2、毛细管冷水回水阀,c3、毛细管旁通阀,c4、毛细管供水通断阀,c5、毛细管热水回水阀,c6、毛细管热水出水阀,d1、高温热水出水阀,d2、中温热水出水阀,d3、电磁单向阀,d4、水补给阀,e1、热水阀一,e2、PVT集热器电磁放空阀,e3、旁通管电磁阀,e4、热水阀二,e5、PVT集热器排气阀,e6、中温水箱排气阀,e7、热水出水阀。 In the figure, 1. Solar heat collector, 2. Biomass furnace, 3. PVT (photovoltaic/photothermal) heat collector, 4. Lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device, 5. Capillary water separator, 6. Capillary water collector , 7. Indoor capillary tube, 8. Flue heat exchanger, 9. Flue gas fan, 10. Chimney, 11. Pipeline heat exchanger, S1, high temperature water tank, S2, medium temperature water tank, S3, low temperature water tank, B1, set Heater water circulation pump, B2, PVT device circulation pump, B3, heat source circulation pump, B4, chilled water circulation pump, B5, capillary tube circulation pump, B6, water supply pump, T1, solar collector anti-freezing water temperature probe, T2, PVT collector antifreeze water temperature probe, T3, radiant cooling and heating return water temperature probe, a1, collector outlet valve, a2, collector electromagnetic vent valve, a3, solar collector exhaust valve, a4, High temperature water tank exhaust valve, b1, heat source valve 1, b2, heat source valve 2, b3, heat source valve 3, b4, heat source valve 4, b5, chilled water return valve, b6, chilled water outlet valve, c1, capillary cold water outlet Valve, c2, capillary cold water return valve, c3, capillary bypass valve, c4, capillary water supply on-off valve, c5, capillary hot water return valve, c6, capillary hot water outlet valve, d1, high temperature hot water outlet valve, d2, medium temperature hot water outlet valve, d3, electromagnetic one-way valve, d4, water supply valve, e1, hot water valve 1, e2, electromagnetic vent valve of PVT heat collector, e3, solenoid valve of bypass pipe, e4, thermal Water valve two, e5, PVT collector exhaust valve, e6, medium temperature water tank exhaust valve, e7, hot water outlet valve.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

下面结合附图,通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步描述。 The present invention will be further described through specific embodiments below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

一种利用太阳能新能源为主要能源以及用生物质低碳能源作为辅助能源,三个蓄温水箱储存的水具有不同的温度,并实现冷热电三联供。该装置包括太阳能真空管集热器端、太阳能PVT中温集热器端、溴化锂吸收式制冷低温蓄水端、室内毛细管供冷供热辐射端、冬季防结冻放空管道保护端以及生物质辅助热源和生活热水制取端。通过调节控制,实现不同环境要求下的装置功能,现对各个部分具体工作方式加以阐述。 One uses new solar energy as the main energy source and biomass low-carbon energy as the auxiliary energy source. The water stored in the three temperature storage tanks has different temperatures, and realizes the triple supply of cooling, heating and electricity. The device includes a solar vacuum tube collector end, a solar PVT medium-temperature collector end, a lithium bromide absorption refrigeration low-temperature water storage end, an indoor capillary tube cooling and heating radiation end, a winter anti-freezing vent pipe protection end, and a biomass auxiliary heat source and Domestic hot water production end. Through adjustment and control, the device functions under different environmental requirements are realized, and the specific working methods of each part are described now.

太阳能集热器端包括太阳能集热器1,集热器水循环泵B1,高温水箱S1,集热器出水阀a1。其连接方式为:高温水箱S1出口连接集热器出水阀a1、集热器水循环泵B1,泵出口水到太阳能集热器1入口吸收太阳能加热,加热后流回高温水箱S1。 The solar heat collector end includes the solar heat collector 1, the water circulation pump B1 of the heat collector, the high temperature water tank S1, and the water outlet valve a1 of the heat collector. The connection method is as follows: the outlet of the high temperature water tank S1 is connected to the collector outlet valve a1 and the collector water circulation pump B1, the water from the pump outlet goes to the inlet of the solar collector 1 to absorb solar energy for heating, and then flows back to the high temperature water tank S1 after heating.

太阳能PVT(光伏/光热)一体化联供装置端包括热水出水阀e7、热水阀一e1、热水阀二e4、旁通管电磁阀e3、PVT集热器3、中温水箱S2和PVT集热器供电线路,PVT集热器热水出口经热水阀二e4连接到生物质炉2的烟道换热器8中,热水出口连接到中温水箱S2进口中,中温水箱S2的出口连接有热水出水阀e7、PVT装置循环泵B2、热水阀一e1;在PVT装置循环泵B2的出口处和热水阀一e1之间装有旁通管m2 - n2。PVT集热器3利用层压或是胶粘技术将太阳能电池板和太阳能集热器结合一起,正面为太阳能光伏电板,背面为循环水管道。光伏电板为晶硅太阳能电池或者薄膜太阳能电池。PVT集热器3产生的直流电经逆变器、变压器、蓄电池等一系列的装置后,电量供给系统中各个循环泵使用,多余的电可供用户作为生活用电。 The solar PVT (photovoltaic/photothermal) integrated joint supply device includes hot water outlet valve e7, hot water valve one e1, hot water valve two e4, bypass pipe solenoid valve e3, PVT collector 3, medium temperature water tank S2 and the PVT heat collector power supply line, the hot water outlet of the PVT heat collector is connected to the flue heat exchanger 8 of the biomass furnace 2 through the hot water valve 2 e4, the hot water outlet is connected to the inlet of the medium temperature water tank S2, and the medium temperature water The outlet of tank S2 is connected with hot water outlet valve e7, PVT device circulation pump B2, and hot water valve one e1; a bypass pipe m2-n2 is installed between the outlet of PVT device circulation pump B2 and hot water valve one e1. PVT collector 3 uses lamination or adhesive technology to combine solar panels and solar collectors. The front is a solar photovoltaic panel, and the back is a circulating water pipe. The photovoltaic panels are crystalline silicon solar cells or thin film solar cells. The DC power generated by the PVT heat collector 3 passes through a series of devices such as an inverter, a transformer, and a storage battery, and is then supplied to each circulating pump in the system, and the excess power can be used for the user's daily life.

溴化锂吸收式制冷低温蓄水端包括溴化锂吸收式制冷装置4、热源循环泵B3、热源阀一b1、热源阀二b2、热源阀三b3、热源阀四b4、套管换热器11、冷冻水循环泵B4、冷冻水出水阀b6、冷冻水回水阀b5、低温水箱S3。其连接方式为:工质油在溴化锂制冷装置(4)提供热源后,依次经过阀门(b4)、热源循环泵(B3)、阀门(b1),在水箱(S1)中经套管换热器(11)换热后,经过生物质炉膛(2)辅热,然后流回溴化锂制冷装置(4)中的发生器中。其中有热源阀二b2、热源阀三b3控制的支路,阀门的开闭可实现在不同工况条件下的热源的使用情况。 Lithium bromide absorption refrigeration low temperature water storage end includes lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device 4, heat source circulation pump B3, heat source valve 1 b1, heat source valve 2 b2, heat source valve 3 b3, heat source valve 4 b4, casing heat exchanger 11, chilled water circulation Pump B4, chilled water outlet valve b6, chilled water return valve b5, low temperature water tank S3. The connection method is: after the lithium bromide refrigeration device (4) provides the heat source, the working oil passes through the valve (b4), the heat source circulation pump (B3), the valve (b1) in sequence, and passes through the casing heat exchanger in the water tank (S1). (11) After heat exchange, it passes through the biomass furnace (2) for auxiliary heat, and then flows back to the generator in the lithium bromide refrigeration device (4). Among them, there are branches controlled by heat source valve 2 b2 and heat source valve 3 b3. The opening and closing of the valves can realize the use of heat sources under different working conditions.

PVT集热器3中用水进行换热后于中温水箱S2中储存;太阳能集热器1加热管道中的水于高温水箱S1中储存;溴化锂吸收式制冷装置4产生的冷水于低温水箱S3中储存。低温水箱S3水温为10 - 18℃,中温水箱S2水温为30 - 50℃,高温水箱S1水温为50 - 90℃。 The water in the PVT collector 3 is stored in the medium temperature water tank S2 after heat exchange; the water in the heating pipeline of the solar collector 1 is stored in the high temperature water tank S1; the cold water produced by the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device 4 is stored in the low temperature water tank S3 store. The water temperature of the low-temperature water tank S3 is 10-18°C, the water temperature of the medium-temperature water tank S2 is 30-50°C, and the water temperature of the high-temperature water tank S1 is 50-90°C.

室内毛细管供冷供热辐射端装置包括:毛细管冷水出水阀c1、毛细管冷水回水阀c2、毛细管旁通阀c3、毛细管分水器5、毛细管集水器6、室内毛细管7、毛细管供水通断阀c4、毛细管循环泵B5、毛细管热水出水阀c6、毛细管热水回水阀c5,在毛细管集水器出水口上设有辐射供冷供暖回水温度探头T3;夏季连接方式为:低温水从低温水箱S3流出,经毛细管冷水出水阀c1、毛细管循环泵B5、毛细管分水器5,然后连接到各个室内毛细管7,经毛细管供水通断阀c4,毛细管集水器6,毛细管冷冻水回水阀c2,流回低温水箱S3中。毛细管旁通阀c3安装在进水与出水管道之间。冬季连接方式为:热水从中温水箱S2流出,经毛细管热水出水阀c6、毛细管循环泵B5、毛细管分水器5、室内毛细管7,毛细管通断阀c4、毛细管集水器6、毛细管热水回水阀c5,流回中温水箱S2。其中冬季时高温水箱S1和中温水箱S2通过安装电磁单向阀d3的连通管以及水补给泵B6、水补给阀d4,实现高温水箱S1往中温水箱S2补给热水。 The indoor capillary cooling and heating radiation end device includes: capillary cold water outlet valve c1, capillary cold water return valve c2, capillary bypass valve c3, capillary water separator 5, capillary water collector 6, indoor capillary 7, capillary water supply on-off Valve c4, capillary circulation pump B5, capillary hot water outlet valve c6, capillary hot water return valve c5, and a radiant cooling and heating return water temperature probe T3 is installed on the outlet of the capillary water collector; the connection method in summer is: low temperature water It flows out from the low-temperature water tank S3, passes through capillary cold water outlet valve c1, capillary circulation pump B5, and capillary water distributor 5, and then connects to each indoor capillary 7, passes through capillary water supply on-off valve c4, capillary water collector 6, and capillary chilled water return The water valve c2 flows back into the low-temperature water tank S3. The capillary bypass valve c3 is installed between the water inlet and outlet pipes. The winter connection method is: hot water flows out from the medium temperature water tank S2, through the capillary hot water outlet valve c6, capillary circulation pump B5, capillary water separator 5, indoor capillary 7, capillary on-off valve c4, capillary water collector 6, capillary heat sink The water return valve c5 flows back to the medium temperature water tank S2. In winter, the high-temperature water tank S1 and the medium-temperature water tank S2 supply hot water from the high-temperature water tank S1 to the medium-temperature water tank S2 by installing the communication pipe of the electromagnetic check valve d3, the water supply pump B6, and the water supply valve d4.

生物质辅助热源端装置包括生物质炉2、烟道换热器8、烟道风机9、烟囱10。生物质炉2使用的燃料为生物质制成的燃料,如农村秸秆、稻草、稻壳玉米芯棉籽壳制成的颗粒燃烧物,也可燃烧甲醇、乙醇、甲烷、天然气等清洁能源。套管换热器8中的工质油可采用沸点较高、安全可靠、易获取的有机组合成分油类,比如甲基硅油、聚合二甲基硅油、芳烃类等。在生物质炉2中加热温度可达100 - 200℃。 The biomass auxiliary heat source end device includes a biomass furnace 2 , a flue heat exchanger 8 , a flue fan 9 , and a chimney 10 . The fuel used in the biomass furnace 2 is fuel made of biomass, such as granular combustion materials made of rural straw, rice straw, rice husk , corn cob , and cottonseed hulls , and clean energy such as methanol, ethanol, methane, and natural gas can also be burned. The working medium oil in the casing heat exchanger 8 can be a relatively high boiling point, safe, reliable, and easy-to-obtain organic composition oil, such as methyl silicone oil, polymerized dimethyl silicone oil, and aromatic hydrocarbons. The heating temperature in the biomass furnace 2 can reach 100-200°C.

生活热水制取端装置包括:高温热水出水阀d1、中温热水出水阀d2、电磁单向阀d3、水补给阀d4。其连接方式为:高温水箱S1中水经高温热水出水阀d1供给用户高温水;中温水箱S2经中温热水出水阀d2供给用户中温水使用。高温水箱S1安装位置比中温水箱S2位置要高,两水箱之间是装有电磁单向阀d3的连接管道,热源温度不足时,高温水箱S1中热水通过连接管道补给中温水箱S2。 The domestic hot water production end device includes: high-temperature hot water outlet valve d1, medium-temperature hot water outlet valve d2, electromagnetic one-way valve d3, and water supply valve d4. The connection method is as follows: the reclaimed water in the high-temperature water tank S1 supplies high-temperature water to users through the high-temperature hot water outlet valve d1; the medium-temperature water tank S2 supplies medium-temperature water to users through the medium-temperature hot water outlet valve d2. The installation position of the high-temperature water tank S1 is higher than that of the medium-temperature water tank S2. There is a connecting pipe equipped with an electromagnetic check valve d3 between the two water tanks. When the temperature of the heat source is insufficient, the hot water in the high-temperature water tank S1 is supplied to the medium-temperature water tank S2 through the connecting pipe.

冬季防结冻放空管道保护端装置包括:太阳能集热器装置中的放空管m1 - n1、太阳能集热器防结冻水温探头T1、太阳能集热器排气阀a3、高温水箱排气阀a4;PVT装置中的放空管m3 - n3、PVT集热器防结冻水温探头T2、PVT集热器排气阀e5和中温水箱排气阀e6。其连接方式为:太阳能集热器防结冻水温探头T1、PVT集热器防结冻水温探头T2分别装在太阳能集热器和PVT装置的热水出口处;太阳能集热器排气阀a3、PVT集热器排气阀e5装在装置的最高端放空管上;高温水箱排气阀a4装在高温水箱S1的最上端;中温水箱排气阀e6装在中温水箱S2的最上端;放空管m1 - n1装在太阳能集热器的进口端与高温水箱S1之间;放空管m3 - n3装在PVT集热器的进口端与中温水箱S2之间。具体实施方式:冬季夜晚温度太低时,在太阳能集热器1不运行情况下,太阳能集热器防结冻水温探头T1探测到太阳能集热器1中水温小于等于0℃(可根据具体情况设定值)时,此时装置有冻结的危险,系统自动打开太阳能集热器排气阀a3、高温水箱排气阀a4,打开放空管道m1 - n1中的集热器电磁放空阀a2,太阳能集热器1中冷水通过重力作用流到高温水箱S1中。当太阳能PVT装置3夜晚不运行时,PVT集热器防结冻水温探头T2探测到PVT集热器3中的水温小于等于0℃时,此时系统也自动打开PVT集热器排气阀e5、中温水箱排气阀e6、热水阀二e4,并打开放空管道m3 - n3中的PVT集热器电磁放空阀e2,并关闭旁通管道m2 - n2中的旁通管电磁阀e3、热水阀一e1、热水出水阀e7,PVT集热器3中的冷水通过重力作用流到中温水箱S2中夜晚贮存,白天早晨由泵抽取开始加热循环。 The anti-freezing vent pipe protection device in winter includes: vent pipes m1-n1 in the solar collector device, anti-freezing water temperature probe T1 of the solar collector, exhaust valve a3 of the solar collector, and exhaust valve of the high-temperature water tank a4; Vent pipes m3-n3 in the PVT device, anti-freezing water temperature probe T2 of the PVT collector, exhaust valve e5 of the PVT collector, and exhaust valve e6 of the medium-temperature water tank. The connection method is: the anti-freezing water temperature probe T1 of the solar collector and the anti-freezing water temperature probe T2 of the PVT collector are respectively installed at the hot water outlet of the solar collector and the PVT device; the exhaust valve a3 of the solar collector , The exhaust valve e5 of the PVT collector is installed on the top end of the device; the exhaust valve a4 of the high temperature water tank is installed on the top of the high temperature water tank S1; the exhaust valve e6 of the medium temperature water tank is installed on the top of the medium temperature water tank S2 The upper end; the vent pipe m1-n1 is installed between the inlet end of the solar collector and the high-temperature water tank S1; the vent pipe m3-n3 is installed between the inlet end of the PVT collector and the medium-temperature water tank S2. Specific implementation method: when the temperature is too low at night in winter, when the solar collector 1 is not in operation, the anti-freezing water temperature probe T1 of the solar collector detects that the water temperature in the solar collector 1 is less than or equal to 0°C (depending on the specific situation set value), at this time the device is in danger of freezing, the system automatically opens the solar collector exhaust valve a3, the high temperature water tank exhaust valve a4, opens the collector electromagnetic vent valve a2 in the empty pipe m1-n1, and the solar collector The cold water in the heat collector 1 flows into the high temperature water tank S1 by gravity. When the solar PVT device 3 is not running at night, the anti-freezing water temperature probe T2 of the PVT collector detects that the water temperature in the PVT collector 3 is less than or equal to 0°C, and the system automatically opens the exhaust valve e5 of the PVT collector at this time , medium temperature water tank exhaust valve e6, hot water valve 2 e4, and open the PVT collector electromagnetic vent valve e2 in the open pipe m3-n3, and close the bypass pipe electromagnetic valve e3 in the bypass pipe m2-n2, Hot water valve one e1, hot water outlet valve e7, the cold water in the PVT heat collector 3 flows to the medium temperature water tank S2 for storage at night by gravity, and is drawn by the pump in the morning to start the heating cycle.

在本发明中,当连续阴雨天气时,或太阳能集热器防结冻水温探头T1探测管道水温太低时(小于等于10℃,可根据用户自己设定),不开启集热器水循环泵B1,关闭集热器出水阀a1,通过高温水箱S1中套管换热器11,由生物质炉2辅热的工质油加热高温水箱S1中的水。PVT集热系统,配有旁通管m2 - n2,当连续阴雨或低温天气时,PVT集热器防结冻水温探头T2探测管道水温太低时(小于等于10℃,可根据用户自己设定),关闭热水阀一e1和热水阀二e4,水路由旁通管m2 - n2旁通到烟气换热器8中加热。 In the present invention, when the weather is continuously cloudy or rainy, or when the anti-freezing water temperature probe T1 of the solar collector detects that the water temperature of the pipeline is too low (less than or equal to 10°C, it can be set according to the user), the water circulation pump B1 of the collector is not turned on , close the water outlet valve a1 of the heat collector, and heat the water in the high temperature water tank S1 through the casing heat exchanger 11 in the high temperature water tank S1, and the working medium oil supplemented by the biomass furnace 2. PVT heat collection system is equipped with bypass pipes m2 - n2. In continuous rainy or low temperature weather, the anti-freezing water temperature probe T2 of the PVT heat collector detects that the water temperature of the pipeline is too low (less than or equal to 10°C, which can be set according to the user's own needs) ), close the hot water valve one e1 and hot water valve two e4, and the water is bypassed to the flue gas heat exchanger 8 for heating through the bypass pipe m2-n2.

本装置在夏季运行时,太阳能集热器端放空管m1-n1上的集热器电磁放空阀a2关闭,太阳能集热器排气阀a3、高温水箱排气阀a4关闭,集热器出水阀a1开启,集热器水循环泵B1开启,太阳能集热器1给高温水箱S1加热。同时PVT集热器3同步开启,热水出水阀e7、PVT装置循环泵B2、热水阀一e1、热水阀二e4开启;PVT集热器电磁放空阀e2、旁通管电磁阀e3、PVT集热器排气阀e5和中温水箱排气阀e6关闭。PVT集热器3中水吸收光伏板多余的热量后,于中温水箱S2中储存。PVT集热器供电线路中直流电经逆变器、变压器、蓄电池等装置后,供给系统的各个泵提供动力,多余的电量用来生活用电。 When the device is running in summer, the electromagnetic vent valve a2 of the collector on the vent pipe m1-n1 at the end of the solar collector is closed, the exhaust valve a3 of the solar collector and the exhaust valve a4 of the high-temperature water tank are closed, and water is discharged from the collector The valve a1 is opened, the collector water circulation pump B1 is turned on, and the solar collector 1 heats the high-temperature water tank S1. At the same time, the PVT heat collector 3 is opened synchronously, the hot water outlet valve e7, the circulation pump B2 of the PVT device, the hot water valve one e1, and the hot water valve two e4 are opened; the electromagnetic vent valve e2 of the PVT heat collector, the solenoid valve of the bypass pipe e3, PVT heat collector exhaust valve e5 and medium temperature water tank exhaust valve e6 are closed. After the water in the PVT heat collector 3 absorbs excess heat from the photovoltaic panels, it is stored in the medium temperature water tank S2. The DC power in the PVT collector power supply line passes through the inverter, transformer, battery and other devices, and then supplies power to each pump in the system, and the excess power is used for domestic electricity.

本发明可提供两种不同温度的生活热水,打开A通道的高温热水出水阀d1可提供高温生活热水50 - 70℃,高温生活热水可用来沐浴;打开B通道中的中温热水出水阀d2可提供低温生活热水30 - 50℃,冬季可用来洗手洗菜等需要低温热源的场合。当高温水箱S1中热水温度不足时,可开启生物质炉2进行辅热;当中温水箱S2水温不足时,用生物质炉2的烟气余热在烟道换热器8中加热中温水箱S2中热水;若需要更高温度的热水,此时也可间歇性的打开高温水箱S1中高温热水出水阀d1,提供温度在50 - 80℃之间的高温热水。高中温水箱水量低于某设定值时,水箱会自动补水。 The present invention can provide two kinds of domestic hot water with different temperatures. Open the high-temperature hot water outlet valve d1 in channel A to provide high-temperature domestic hot water at 50-70°C, which can be used for bathing; open the medium-temperature hot water in channel B. The water outlet valve d2 can provide low-temperature domestic hot water of 30-50°C, which can be used for washing hands and vegetables in winter and other occasions that require a low-temperature heat source. When the temperature of the hot water in the high-temperature water tank S1 is insufficient, the biomass furnace 2 can be turned on for auxiliary heating; when the water temperature in the medium-temperature water tank S2 is insufficient, the waste heat of the flue gas from the biomass furnace 2 is used to heat the medium-temperature water tank in the flue heat exchanger 8 Hot water in S2; if higher temperature hot water is required, the high-temperature hot water outlet valve d1 in high-temperature water tank S1 can also be intermittently opened at this time to provide high-temperature hot water with a temperature between 50-80°C. When the water volume of the high and medium temperature water tank is lower than a certain set value, the water tank will automatically replenish water.

当夏季需要制冷时,溴化锂吸收式制冷装置由高温工质油提供热源,热源获取有三种模式。当高温水箱S1中的温度探测器探测到水温在70 - 90℃之间,水热量在套管换热器11中换热给工质油,生物质炉2不启动,此时开启热源阀一b1、热源阀四b4,热源阀二b2和热源阀三b3关闭;当高温水箱S1水温在50 - 70℃,水热量在套管换热器11中初加热工质油,生物质炉2开启辅热,此时开启热源阀一b1、热源阀四b4,热源阀二b2和热源阀三b3关闭;当高温水箱S1水温在50℃以下,工质油不经过套管换热器11换热,而直接在生物质炉2中加热,此时热源阀四b4、热源阀二b2开启,热源阀一b1和热源阀三b3关闭。溴化锂吸收式制冷装置4中蒸发器中产生的冷水经冷冻水出水阀b6流至低温水箱S3,后由冷冻水循环泵B4提供冷冻水循环动力,经冷冻水回水阀b5流回溴化锂吸收式制冷装置4中蒸发器。在一定温度范围内,提供热源的油温温度越高,其制冷效率更高。其中套管换热器11夏季时不仅具有高温水箱S1中水向管道中工质油换热的功能,而且具有冬季管道中的工质油向高温水箱S1中的水换热的功能。 When cooling is required in summer, the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device provides heat source from high-temperature working medium oil, and there are three modes of heat source acquisition. When the temperature detector in the high-temperature water tank S1 detects that the water temperature is between 70-90°C, the heat of the water will be exchanged to the working medium oil in the casing heat exchanger 11, and the biomass furnace 2 will not start. At this time, the heat source valve 1 will be opened. b1, heat source valve 4 b4, heat source valve 2 b2 and heat source valve 3 b3 are closed; when the water temperature of the high-temperature water tank S1 is 50-70°C, the heat of the water heats the working medium oil in the casing heat exchanger 11, and the biomass furnace 2 is turned on Auxiliary heat, at this time open heat source valve 1 b1, heat source valve 4 b4, heat source valve 2 b2 and heat source valve 3 b3 close; when the water temperature of the high-temperature water tank S1 is below 50°C, the working medium oil does not pass through the casing heat exchanger 11 for heat exchange , while heating directly in the biomass furnace 2, at this time the heat source valve 4 b4 and the heat source valve 2 b2 are opened, and the heat source valve 1 b1 and the heat source valve 3 b3 are closed. The cold water generated in the evaporator in the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit 4 flows to the low temperature water tank S3 through the chilled water outlet valve b6, and then the chilled water circulation pump B4 provides power for the chilled water circulation, and flows back to the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration unit through the chilled water return valve b5 4 medium evaporators. Within a certain temperature range, the higher the temperature of the oil that provides the heat source, the higher the cooling efficiency. The casing heat exchanger 11 not only has the function of exchanging heat from the water in the high-temperature water tank S1 to the working medium oil in the pipeline in summer, but also has the function of exchanging heat from the working medium oil in the pipeline to water in the high-temperature water tank S1 in winter.

当冬季需要供暖和生活热水时,此时溴化锂吸收式制冷装置是不启动的,此时热源阀四b4和热源阀二b2处于关闭状态,冷冻水出水阀b6、冷冻水回水阀b5、冷冻水循环泵B4处于关闭状态。当冬季连续阴雨天气时,高温水箱S1和低温水箱S2水温过低时(小于30℃),集热器水循环泵B1停止运行,集热器出水阀a1关闭,打开太阳能集热器排气阀a3、高温水箱排气阀a4和放空管道m1 - n1上面的集热器电磁放空阀a2,装置中的水通过重力作用流回高温水箱S1中。此时生物质炉2开始工作,热源阀三b3和热源阀一b1开启,热源循环泵B3开启运行,工质油在生物质炉2中加热后,在套管换热器中11中加热高温水箱S1的水。与此同时PVT装置系统中,PVT集热器3管道中水通过放空管道,经过放空管道m3 - n3上面的PVT集热器电磁放空阀e2通过自然重力作用流进中温水箱S2,此时打开系统装置中的PVT集热器排气阀e5、中温水箱排气阀e6,保持装置与外界压力平衡。关闭热水阀一e1和热水阀四e4,打开旁通管道m2 - n2上面的旁通管电磁阀e3、和热水出水阀e7及PVT装置循环泵B2,热水经过旁通管道,只在烟道换热器8中进行加热。 When heating and domestic hot water are needed in winter, the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device is not activated at this time. At this time, the heat source valve 4 b4 and heat source valve 2 b2 are closed, and the chilled water outlet valve b6, chilled water return valve b5, Chilled water circulation pump B4 is off. When the weather is continuously cloudy and rainy in winter, when the water temperature of the high-temperature water tank S1 and the low-temperature water tank S2 is too low (less than 30°C), the collector water circulation pump B1 stops running, the collector water outlet valve a1 is closed, and the solar collector exhaust valve a3 is opened , high-temperature water tank exhaust valve a4 and collector electromagnetic vent valve a2 above the vent pipe m1-n1, the water in the device flows back to the high-temperature water tank S1 by gravity. At this time, the biomass furnace 2 starts to work, the heat source valve 3 b3 and the heat source valve 1 b1 are turned on, the heat source circulation pump B3 is turned on, and the working medium oil is heated in the biomass furnace 2, and then heated to a high temperature in the casing heat exchanger 11 Water from tank S1. At the same time, in the PVT device system, the water in the PVT heat collector 3 pipeline flows through the vent pipe, and the electromagnetic vent valve e2 of the PVT collector above the vent pipe m3-n3 flows into the medium temperature water tank S2 through natural gravity, and is opened at this time The exhaust valve e5 of the PVT collector and the exhaust valve e6 of the medium-temperature water tank in the system device keep the device in balance with the external pressure. Close hot water valve 1 e1 and hot water valve 4 e4, open bypass pipe solenoid valve e3 above bypass pipe m2-n2, hot water outlet valve e7 and circulation pump B2 of PVT device, hot water passes through bypass pipe, only Heating takes place in the flue heat exchanger 8 .

溴化锂吸收式制冷装置4产生的冷水,储存于低温水箱S3中,水温在10 - 18℃之间。夏季供冷时,毛细管热水出水阀c6、毛细管热水回水阀c5一直处于关闭状态。夏季冷水由低温水箱S3提供,打开毛细管冷水出水阀c1,毛细管冷水回水阀c2,毛细管供水通断阀c4,毛细管循环泵B5,冷水流进毛细管辐射末端。经毛细管供冷换热过后的冷水如果辐射供冷供暖回水温度探头T3探测温度低于18℃,经毛细管旁通阀c3旁通到分水器5中,继续供给毛细管使用,从而更加节能。其中毛细管旁通阀c3为电动调节阀,开启的幅度大小可以调节,从而控制流进旁通管的流量。室内装有露点传感器,当露点传感器感应到冷辐射面快结露时,关闭毛细管的进水端毛细管冷水出水阀c1,停止冷水进入毛细管,使辐射表面温度升高后,再开启毛细管冷水出水阀c1进行循环,从而防止结露。同时室内也可以配有除湿机,当露点传感器感应到快要结露时,可开启除湿机进行部分的除湿。 The cold water produced by the lithium bromide absorption refrigeration device 4 is stored in the low-temperature water tank S3, and the water temperature is between 10-18°C. During cooling in summer, the capillary hot water outlet valve c6 and the capillary hot water return valve c5 are always closed. In summer, the cold water is provided by the low-temperature water tank S3. Open the capillary cold water outlet valve c1, the capillary cold water return valve c2, the capillary water supply on-off valve c4, and the capillary circulation pump B5, and the cold water flows into the capillary radiation end. If the temperature detected by the radiant cooling and heating return water temperature probe T3 is lower than 18°C, the cold water after capillary cooling and heat exchange will bypass the capillary bypass valve c3 to the water separator 5 and continue to be used by the capillary, thereby saving more energy. Among them, the capillary bypass valve c3 is an electric regulating valve, and the opening range can be adjusted, so as to control the flow flowing into the bypass pipe. A dew point sensor is installed in the room. When the dew point sensor senses that the cold radiation surface is about to condense, close the capillary cold water outlet valve c1 at the water inlet end of the capillary, stop cold water from entering the capillary, and open the capillary cold water outlet valve after the temperature of the radiation surface rises. c1 circulates to prevent condensation. At the same time, the room can also be equipped with a dehumidifier. When the dew point sensor senses that condensation is about to occur, the dehumidifier can be turned on for partial dehumidification.

冬季中温水箱S2热水提供毛细管辐射末端热源,在辐射末端处,毛细管冷水出水阀c1、毛细管冷水回水阀c2处于关闭状态。打开毛细管热水出水阀c6、毛细管热水回水阀c5、毛细管供水通断阀c4,开启毛细管循环泵B5。热水通往分水器5后,经过毛细管辐射供暖后流回集水器6,辐射供冷供暖回水温度探头T3探测热水温度大于等于30℃时,此时通过毛细管旁通阀c3旁通回分水器5中,继续辐射供暖,从而更加节能。 In winter, the hot water in the medium-temperature water tank S2 provides the heat source at the end of the capillary radiation. At the end of the radiation, the capillary cold water outlet valve c1 and the capillary cold water return valve c2 are closed. Open the capillary hot water outlet valve c6, the capillary hot water return valve c5, the capillary water supply on-off valve c4, and turn on the capillary circulation pump B5. After the hot water passes through the water distributor 5, it flows back to the water collector 6 after passing through the capillary radiation heating. When the radiation cooling and heating return water temperature probe T3 detects that the temperature of the hot water is greater than or equal to 30°C, it passes through the capillary bypass valve c3. Pass back in the water separator 5, continue radiation heating, thereby more energy-saving.

在本发明中,室内毛细管辐射供冷供热中,毛细管顶棚安装,地面安装,亦可墙面安装。在PVT装置中,发出的直流电经逆变器,变压器,蓄电池等,可为系统的泵提供电源,多余的电供用户使用。在本发明中,太阳能集热器侧可采用热管、复合抛物面集热器实现太阳能的集热。在本发明中,低温水箱,中温水箱,高温水箱,都具有保温功能,且有液位计、温度计、压力计,以及相应的补水处。 In the present invention, in indoor capillary tube radiation cooling and heating, the capillary tube can be installed on the ceiling, on the ground, or on the wall. In the PVT device, the generated direct current can provide power for the pumps of the system through inverters, transformers, batteries, etc., and the excess electricity can be used by users. In the present invention, heat pipes and compound parabolic heat collectors can be used on the side of the solar heat collector to realize heat collection of solar energy. In the present invention, the low-temperature water tank, the medium-temperature water tank, and the high-temperature water tank all have a heat preservation function, and have liquid level gauges, thermometers, pressure gauges, and corresponding water replenishment places.

本发明中所述具体实施案例仅为本发明的较佳实施案例而已,并非用来限定本发明的实施范围。即凡依本发明申请专利范围的内容所作的等效变化与修饰,都应作为本发明的技术范畴。 The specific implementation cases described in the present invention are only preferred implementation cases of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation scope of the present invention. That is, all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the content of the patent scope of the present invention should be regarded as the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. adopt many thermogrades of solar energy heating to utilize a system, it is characterized in that: comprise solar energy high temperature heat collector end, PVT medium-temperature collectors end, Low Temperature Storage water end (W.E.), indoor capillary cold and heat supply spoke side;
The solar thermal collector (1) that described solar energy high temperature heat collector end comprises high-temperature water tank (S1) and is connected with described high-temperature water tank (S1); The PVT heat collector (3) that described PVT medium-temperature collectors end comprises middle reservoir (S2) and is connected with described middle reservoir (S2); Described high-temperature water tank (S1) is connected with A channel, for providing thermobiosis hot water; Described middle reservoir (S2) is connected with channel B, for providing middle temperature domestic hot-water;
The lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant (4) that described Low Temperature Storage water end (W.E.) comprises low temperature water tank (S3) and is connected with described low temperature water tank (S3); The heat source side of described lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant (4) is connected with double-tube heat exchanger (11), and described double-tube heat exchanger (11) is positioned in described high-temperature water tank (S1);
Described indoor capillary cold and heat supply spoke side device comprises capillary water knockout drum (5), capillary water collector (6), indoor capillary (7); Described capillary water knockout drum (5) oral siphon is provided with three-way pipe, and described three-way pipe is connected with described middle reservoir (S2) outlet pipe and described low temperature water tank (S3) outlet pipe respectively; When described indoor capillary cold and heat supply spoke side device heating, be communicated with the outlet pipe of described capillary water knockout drum (5) oral siphon and described middle reservoir (S2); When described indoor capillary cold and heat supply spoke side device cooling, be communicated with the outlet pipe of described capillary water knockout drum (5) oral siphon and described low temperature water tank (S3).
2. many thermogrades of employing solar energy heating according to claim 1 utilize system, it is characterized in that: export at described double-tube heat exchanger (11) biomass stove (2) be connected with for the working medium in double-tube heat exchanger described in auxiliary heating (11), described biomass stove (2) is provided with chimney heat exchanger (8); Described chimney heat exchanger (8) is connected with described PVT medium-temperature collectors end, for the hot water in reservoir (S2) middle described in auxiliary heating.
3. many thermogrades of employing solar energy heating according to claim 2 utilize system, it is characterized in that: the heat source side of described lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant (4) directly can connect described biomass stove (2), is heated the working medium in it by described biomass stove (2).
4. many thermogrades of employing solar energy heating according to claim 1 utilize system, it is characterized in that: between described solar thermal collector (1) and high-temperature water tank (S1), between described PVT heat collector (3) and middle reservoir (S2), be respectively equipped with blow-down pipe (m1-n1), (m3-n3); Water inlet pipe on the chimney heat exchanger (8) of described biomass stove (2) and be provided with by-pass line (m2-n2) between described middle reservoir (S2) cold water outlet pipe.
5. many thermogrades of employing solar energy heating according to claim 1 utilize system, it is characterized in that: described high-temperature water tank (S1) installation site is higher than described middle reservoir (S2) position, be connected by pipeline between described high-temperature water tank (S1) with described middle reservoir (S2), described pipeline be provided with the middle water temperature of central reservoir (S2) lower than the electromagnetism check valve (d3) opened when 30 DEG C.
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