CN104864630A - Multiple-temperature-gradient utilizing system using solar heat collection - Google Patents

Multiple-temperature-gradient utilizing system using solar heat collection Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104864630A
CN104864630A CN201510289635.2A CN201510289635A CN104864630A CN 104864630 A CN104864630 A CN 104864630A CN 201510289635 A CN201510289635 A CN 201510289635A CN 104864630 A CN104864630 A CN 104864630A
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water
temperature
capillary
valve
water tank
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CN201510289635.2A
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CN104864630B (en
Inventor
陈九法
饶义本
田权
李亚楠
安玉磊
齐东昇
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Southeast University
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Southeast University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
    • F25B29/006—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the sorption type system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
    • F25B15/06—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being water vapour evaporated from a salt solution, e.g. lithium bromide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
    • F25B27/002—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
    • F25B27/007—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy in sorption type systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems

Abstract

The invention discloses a multiple-temperature-gradient utilizing system using solar heat collection. According to the system, three temperature storage water tanks with water of different temperatures contained are adopted, distribution of the water of different temperatures in all the water tanks is adjusted in an optimized mode, hence, gradient utilization can be acheived, and the cooling and heating requirements can be met. Domestic hot water of two different temperatures can be provided by the system, the cooling or heating requirement and the anti-freezing requirement of the radiation tail end of a capillary tube under different season conditions can be met, and thus the comfort, high efficiency and safety are guaranteed. The solar heat utilization and thermoelectricity integration combined supply technology is adopted in the system. The device is provided with a novel solar thermal collector-photovoltaic/photo-thermal collector (PVT) with photovoltaic power generation and solar low-temperature heat utilization integrated. The device comprises a solar high-temperature collector end, a solar PVT intermediate temperature collector end, a lithium bromide absorption type refrigeration low-temperature water storage end, an indoor capillary tube cooling and heating radiation end, a winter anti-freezing exhausting pipeline protection end and a biomass supplementary heat source and domestic hot water making end.

Description

A kind of many thermogrades of solar energy heating that adopt utilize system
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar energy and biomass low-carbon comprehensive utilization of energy technical field, be particularly related to and a kind ofly adopt low-carbon energy to produce different temperature water and the device of in addition efficiency utilization.
Background technology
Solar energy is a kind of clean energy resource, and exploitation solar energy can not only reduce the pollution that burning conventional energy resource brings, and can also alleviate energy shortage.PVT(photovoltaic/photo-thermal) heat collector utilizes together with solar cell or assembly organically combine with solar thermal collector by lamination or bonding technique, when solar cell power generation, the ratio being converted into electric energy due to incident solar energy is about 15%, all the other most of Conversion of Energies are heat, and these heats are recycled by water heat exchange.Both reduced the temperature of photovoltaic panel, improve generating efficiency, and also reclaimed solar radiation heat, improve efficiency of energy utilization.
Capillary radiation heating is that 20 century 70s are invented according to bionics principle by Germany scientist for refrigeration technique, have that comfortableness is good, flexible arrangement, noiseless, there is not bacteria breed source, without advantages such as blowing feelings, and have heat transfer well, the thermal efficiency is high, it is less to take up room, heat wetly independently to control, effectively improve indoor air quality, can utilize the advantages such as low-grade energy.General 55 DEG C-45 DEG C of common floor heating supply and return water temperature; General 35 DEG C-30 DEG C of capillary network supply and return water temperature, than common ground warming energy-saving more than 30%, energy-conservationly to show.Particularly can utilizing the advantage of low-grade energy, providing possibility for utilizing solar energy.
Lithium Bromide-water Absorption is the binary solution utilizing " lithium bromide---water " to form is working medium pair, completes kind of refrigeration cycle.Wherein absorbent is lithium-bromide solution, and cold-producing medium is water, and within the specific limits, heat source temperature is higher, and unit refrigerating efficiency is higher.Thermal source needed for process of refrigerastion can be steam, also can utilize used heat, waste vapour, and geothermal water.
In prior art, be that a separate payment uses about above technology major part, do not combine use, therefore the high efficiency also not playing the energy utilizes.In the prior art, about solar thermal collector generation hot water is used or the patent that photovoltaic and photothermal solar device generation hot water is used is also a lot, the hot water that system produces is used for hot water of doing manual labour, also have for do flooring radiation heating, but most of patent is all only adopt solar thermal collector, or only adopt PVT collector arrangement.The hot water that some solar thermal collectors produces not only had been used for doing manual labour hot water but also be used for doing the thermal source of lithium bromide refrigerating, so just can not ensure the requirement of hot water temperature and the stability of system.And the hot water temperature that device produces is single, is difficult to meet user's different situations demand.
This device also considers that solar energy is intermittent energy source round the clock, is subject to again rainy weather impact, therefore adds regenerative apparatus in solar energy utilization system and carry out accumulation of heat, and utilize the biomass clean energy as supplementary energy.The supplementary energy form that in prior art, major part adopts is coal-fired or combustion gas, and boiler combustion form is single, and they are also all non-renewable resources.And pernicious gas component content is extremely low during biological particles burning, the pernicious gas of discharge is few, and in rural area, biomass resource is especially abundant, and during biological particles burning, pernicious gas component content is extremely low, and the pernicious gas of discharge is few, has environmental benefit.And the ash after burning directly can also use as potash fertilizer, saves spending, considers sustainable developability and environmental protection effect, the heat source boiler that this patent uses also can use natural gas by biomass burning, but is main comburant with biomass fuel.
This device adopts solar thermal collector or PVT heat collector employs liquid working substance as heat-transfer working medium.Under the condition of extreme climate, some liquid working substances, such as water, can face the danger of freezing, and may destroy the fluid working substance passage at solar thermal collector or solar panel back time serious.In the high efficiency considering winter operation and stability aspect, in the prior art, in order to prevent freezing, in prior art, most way adds anti-icing fluid.Although this way solves the problem freezed, be the increase in the cost of product, but also need running check anti-icing fluid whether enough.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of device adopting solar energy and the biomass low-carbon energy to realize many thermogrades efficiency utilization.Two cover collector arrangements and three are stored reservoir and combine by native system, system integration design and control.Solve the problem of absorption refrigeration in summer thermal source and domestic hot-water's supply; And solve the domestic hot-water that winter can provide different temperatures respectively, to meet different user demand problem in user's winter.Winter is also applicable to being used as capillary radiation heating source in conjunction with the hot water of lower temperature that PVT device produces, and has given full play to the Effec-tive Function feature of this device like this.Present system also solves and does not utilize anti-icing fluid, by system and device, water in solar thermal collector and PVT collector system is carried out emptying, thus solves Pipeline Water frozen problem, thus makes this device safe and reliable to operation in the winter time.
Technical scheme is as follows: a kind of many thermogrades of solar energy heating that adopt utilize system, comprises solar energy high temperature heat collector end, PVT medium-temperature collectors end, Low Temperature Storage water end (W.E.), indoor capillary cold and heat supply spoke side;
The solar thermal collector 1 that described solar energy high temperature heat collector end comprises high-temperature water tank S1 and is connected with described high-temperature water tank S1; The PVT heat collector 3 that described PVT medium-temperature collectors end comprises middle reservoir S2 and is connected with described middle reservoir S2; Described high-temperature water tank S1 is connected with A channel, for providing thermobiosis hot water; Described middle reservoir S2 is connected with channel B, for providing middle temperature domestic hot-water;
The lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant 4 that described Low Temperature Storage water end (W.E.) comprises low temperature water tank S3 and is connected with described low temperature water tank S3; The heat source side of described lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant 4 is connected with double-tube heat exchanger 11, and described double-tube heat exchanger 11 is positioned in described high-temperature water tank S1;
Described indoor capillary cold and heat supply spoke side device comprises capillary water knockout drum 5, capillary water collector 6, indoor capillary 7; Described capillary water knockout drum 5 oral siphon is provided with three-way pipe, and described three-way pipe is connected with described middle reservoir S2 outlet pipe and described low temperature water tank S3 outlet pipe respectively; When described indoor capillary cold and heat supply spoke side device heating, be communicated with the outlet pipe of described capillary water knockout drum 5 oral siphon and described middle reservoir S2; When described indoor capillary cold and heat supply spoke side device cooling, be communicated with the outlet pipe of described capillary water knockout drum 5 oral siphon and described low temperature water tank S3.
Be connected with for the working medium biomass stove 2 in double-tube heat exchanger described in auxiliary heating 11 in described double-tube heat exchanger 11 outlet, described biomass stove 2 is provided with chimney heat exchanger 8; Described chimney heat exchanger 8 is connected with described PVT medium-temperature collectors end, for the hot water in reservoir S2 middle described in auxiliary heating.
The heat source side of described lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant 4 directly can connect described biomass stove 2, is heated the working medium in it by described biomass stove 2.
Blow-down pipe (m1-n1), (m3-n3) is respectively equipped with between described solar thermal collector (1) and high-temperature water tank (S1), between described PVT heat collector (3) and middle reservoir (S2); Water inlet pipe on the chimney heat exchanger (8) of described biomass stove (2) and be provided with by-pass line (m2-n2) between described middle reservoir (S2) cold water outlet pipe.
Described high-temperature water tank S1 installation site is higher than described middle reservoir S2 position, is connected between described high-temperature water tank S1 with described middle reservoir S2 by pipeline, described pipeline is provided with water temperature in central reservoir S2 lower than the electromagnetism check valve d3 opened when 30 DEG C.
The present invention compared with prior art has following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention adopts PVT heat collector and solar thermal collector two cover system to be combined.PVT heat collector can realize photoelectric effect and photo-thermal effect, installs electro-optical package by front, and the back side adopts circulating water, improves the generating efficiency of photoelectricity on the one hand, have collected the part heat that photovoltaic panel can not be converted into electricity on the other hand.
2, the present invention arranges the water tank of different temperatures, provides the water of different gradient temperature, can meet the demand of user for different temperatures domestic water.
3, the present invention is provided with biomass stove as auxiliary heat, when solar radiation is not enough, can opens biomass stove and carry out auxiliary heat, ensure the normal demand of user.
4, the present invention increases anti-freezing exhausting pipeline protective device in winter, and prevent when night in winter, night temperatures was too low, the water electrode of pipeline remnants easily freezes, thus bursting by freezing water pipe and freezing PVT thermal-arrest panel and solar thermal collector.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of structure principle chart adopting many thermogrades of low-carbon energy to utilize system of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is radiation cooling flow chart in summer.
Fig. 3 is wintertime radiation craft flow figure.
Fig. 4 is that device in winter domestic hot-water in anti-freezing and winter produces flow chart.
In figure, 1, solar thermal collector, 2, biomass stove, 3, PVT(photovoltaic/photo-thermal) heat collector, 4, lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant, 5, capillary water knockout drum, 6, capillary water collector, 7, indoor capillary, 8, chimney heat exchanger, 9, flue gas blower fan, 10, chimney, 11, tube heat exchanger, S1, high-temperature water tank, S2, middle reservoir, S3, low temperature water tank, B1, heat collector water-circulating pump, B2, PVT device circulating pump, B3, heat-source Cycles pump, B4, chilled water circulating pump, B5, capillary circulation pump, B6, water replenishment pump, T1, the anti-freezing water temperature probe of solar thermal collector, T2, the anti-freezing water temperature probe of PVT heat collector, T3, radiation cooling heating water return temp probe, a1, heat collector outlet valve, a2, heat collector electromagnetism atmospheric valve, a3, solar thermal collector air bleeding valve, a4, high-temperature water tank air bleeding valve, b1, heat source valve one, b2, heat source valve two, b3, heat source valve three, b4, heat source valve four, b5, chilled water back-water valve (BWV), b6, chilled water outlet valve, c1, capillary cold water outlet valve, c2, capillary cold-water return valve, c3, capillary by-passing valve, c4, capillary water supply on-off valve, c5, capillary hot water back-water valve (BWV), c6, capillary hot water outlet valve, d1, high-temperature-hot-water outlet valve, d2, middle warm water's outlet valve, d3, electromagnetism check valve, d4, water replenish valve, e1, hot water valve one, e2, PVT heat collector electromagnetism atmospheric valve, e3, bypass pipe magnetic valve, e4, hot water valve two, e5, PVT heat collector air bleeding valve, e6, middle reservoir air bleeding valve, e7, hot water effluent's valve.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by detailed description of the invention, the invention will be further described.
One utilize solar energy new forms of energy for main energy sources and with the biomass low-carbon energy as supplementary energy, three store the glassware for drinking waters that reservoir stores and have different temperature, and realize cold, heat and electricity triple supply.This device comprise solar energy vacuum tube heat collector end, solar energy PVT medium-temperature collectors end, lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration Low Temperature Storage water end (W.E.), indoor capillary cold and heat supply spoke side, winter anti-freezing exhausting pipeline protection end and living beings auxiliary thermal source and domestic hot-water produce end.By regulable control, realize the apparatus function under varying environment requirement, now various piece specific works mode is set forth.
Solar thermal collector end comprises solar thermal collector 1, heat collector water-circulating pump B1, high-temperature water tank S1, heat collector outlet valve a1.Its connected mode is: high-temperature water tank S1 exports and connects heat collector outlet valve a1, heat collector water-circulating pump B1, pumps saliva to solar thermal collector 1 inlet absorption solar energy heating, flows back to high-temperature water tank S1 after heating.
Solar energy PVT(photovoltaic/photo-thermal) integrated combined supply apparatus end comprises hot water effluent's valve e7, hot water valve one e1, hot water valve two e4, bypass pipe magnetic valve e3, PVT heat collector 3, middle reservoir S2 and PVT heat collector supply line, the outlet of PVT heat collector hot water is connected in the chimney heat exchanger 8 of biomass stove 2 through hot water valve two e4, hot water outlet is connected in middle reservoir S2 import, and the outlet of middle reservoir S2 is connected with hot water effluent's valve e7, PVT device circulating pump B2, hot water valve one e1; Between the exit and hot water valve one e1 of PVT device circulating pump B2, bypass pipe m2-n2 is housed.PVT heat collector 3 utilizes lamination or solar panel and solar thermal collector combine by bonding technique, and front is photovoltaic electroplax, and the back side is circulating water pipeline.Photovoltaic electroplax is crystal silicon solar batteries or thin-film solar cells.The direct current that PVT heat collector 3 produces is after a series of devices such as inverter, transformer, battery, and in electricity feed system, each circulating pump uses, and unnecessary electricity can for user as household electricity.
Lithium bromide absorbing type refrigeration Low Temperature Storage water end (W.E.) comprises lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant 4, heat-source Cycles pump B3, heat source valve one b1, heat source valve two b2, heat source valve three b3, heat source valve four b4, double-tube heat exchanger 11, chilled water circulating pump B4, chilled water outlet valve b6, chilled water back-water valve (BWV) b5, low temperature water tank S3.Its connected mode is: working medium oil is after lithium bromide refrigerating device (4) provides thermal source, successively through valve (b4), heat-source Cycles pump (B3), valve (b1), in water tank (S1) after double-tube heat exchanger (11) heat exchange, through living beings burner hearth (2) auxiliary heat, then flow back in the generator in lithium bromide refrigerating device (4).Wherein have the branch road that heat source valve two b2, heat source valve three b3 control, the opening and closing of valve can realize the service condition of the thermal source under different working condition.
Store in middle reservoir S2 after carrying out heat exchange with water in PVT heat collector 3; Water in solar thermal collector 1 water back stores in high-temperature water tank S1; The cold water that lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant 4 produces stores in low temperature water tank S3.Low temperature water tank S3 water temperature is 10-18 DEG C, and middle reservoir S2 water temperature is 30-50 DEG C, and high-temperature water tank S1 water temperature is 50-90 DEG C.
Indoor capillary cold and heat supply spoke side device comprises: capillary cold water outlet valve c1, capillary cold-water return valve c2, capillary by-passing valve c3, capillary water knockout drum 5, capillary water collector 6, indoor capillary 7, capillary water supply on-off valve c4, capillary circulation pump B5, capillary hot water outlet valve c6, capillary hot water back-water valve (BWV) c5, capillary water collector delivery port is provided with radiation cooling heating water return temp probe T3; Summer, connected mode was: water at low temperature flows out from low temperature water tank S3, through capillary cold water outlet valve c1, capillary circulation pump B5, capillary water knockout drum 5, then each indoor capillary 7 is connected to, through capillary water supply on-off valve c4, capillary water collector 6, capillary chilled water back-water valve (BWV) c2, flows back in low temperature water tank S3.Capillary by-passing valve c3 is arranged on between water and outlet conduit.Winter, connected mode was: hot water therefrom reservoir S2 flows out, through capillary hot water outlet valve c6, capillary circulation pump B5, capillary water knockout drum 5, indoor capillary 7, capillary on-off valve c4, capillary water collector 6, capillary hot water back-water valve (BWV) c5, flow back to middle reservoir S2.Wherein during winter, high-temperature water tank S1 and middle reservoir S2, by installing communicating pipe and water replenishment pump B6, the water replenish valve d4 of electromagnetism check valve d3, realizes high-temperature water tank S1 toward middle reservoir S2 supply hot water.
Living beings auxiliary thermal source end device comprises biomass stove 2, chimney heat exchanger 8, flue blower fan 9, chimney 10.The fuel made for living beings of fuel that biomass stove 2 uses, as straw from village, straw, rice husk, corncob, cotton seed hullsthe particle burning thing made, the also clean energy resource such as incendivity methyl alcohol, ethanol, methane, natural gas.Working medium oil in double-tube heat exchanger 8 can adopt the organic assembling composition oils of higher, safe and reliable, the easy acquisition of boiling point, such as methyl-silicone oil, polymerization dimethicone, aromatic hydrocarbons etc.In biomass stove 2, heating-up temperature can reach 100-200 DEG C.
Domestic hot-water produces end device and comprises: high-temperature-hot-water outlet valve d1, middle warm water's outlet valve d2, electromagnetism check valve d3, water replenish valve d4.Its connected mode is: in high-temperature water tank S1, water supplies user's high-temperature water through high-temperature-hot-water outlet valve d1; In middle reservoir S2 warp, warm water's outlet valve d2 supplies warm water use in user.In the ratio of high-temperature water tank S1 installation site, reservoir S2 position is high, is the connecting pipe that electromagnetism check valve d3 is housed between two water tanks, and when heat source temperature is not enough, in high-temperature water tank S1, hot water is by reservoir S2 in connecting pipe supply.
Anti-freezing exhausting pipeline protection in winter end device comprises: the blow-down pipe m1-n1 in solar energy heating apparatus, solar thermal collector anti-freezing water temperature probe T1, solar thermal collector air bleeding valve a3, high-temperature water tank air bleeding valve a4; Blow-down pipe m3-n3 in PVT device, PVT heat collector anti-freezing water temperature probe T2, PVT heat collector air bleeding valve e5 and middle reservoir air bleeding valve e6.Its connected mode is: solar thermal collector anti-freezing water temperature probe T1, PVT heat collector anti-freezing water temperature probe T2 is contained in the hot water exit of solar thermal collector and PVT device respectively; Solar thermal collector air bleeding valve a3, PVT heat collector air bleeding valve e5 is contained on the most significant end blow-down pipe of device; High-temperature water tank air bleeding valve a4 is contained in the top of high-temperature water tank S1; Middle reservoir air bleeding valve e6 is contained in the top of middle reservoir S2; Blow-down pipe m1-n1 is contained between the entrance point of solar thermal collector and high-temperature water tank S1; Blow-down pipe m3-n3 is contained between the entrance point of PVT heat collector and middle reservoir S2.Detailed description of the invention: when winter, night temperatures was too low, under solar thermal collector 1 not ruuning situation, solar thermal collector anti-freezing water temperature probe T1 detects water temperature in solar thermal collector 1 when being less than or equal to 0 DEG C (can as the case may be setting value), this timer has the danger freezed, system opens solar thermal collector air bleeding valve a3, high-temperature water tank air bleeding valve a4 automatically, open the heat collector electromagnetism atmospheric valve a2 in exhausting pipeline m1-n1, in solar thermal collector 1, cold water is flow in high-temperature water tank S1 by Action of Gravity Field.When solar energy PVT device 3 does not run night, when the PVT heat collector anti-freezing water temperature probe T2 water temperature detected in PVT heat collector 3 is less than or equal to 0 DEG C, now system also opens PVT heat collector air bleeding valve e5 automatically, middle reservoir air bleeding valve e6, hot water valve two e4, and the PVT heat collector electromagnetism atmospheric valve e2 opened in exhausting pipeline m3-n3, and the bypass pipe magnetic valve e3 closed in by-pass line m2-n2, hot water valve one e1, hot water effluent's valve e7, cold water in PVT heat collector 3 flows to storage at night in middle reservoir S2 by Action of Gravity Field, morning on daytime is heat cycles by pump extracts.
In the present invention, when continuous rainy weather, or solar thermal collector anti-freezing water temperature probe T1 pipelines water temperature too low time (be less than or equal to 10 DEG C, can set according to user oneself), do not open heat collector water-circulating pump B1, close heat collector outlet valve a1, by high-temperature water tank S1 middle sleeve heat exchanger 11, by the water in the working medium oil heating high-temperature water tank S1 of the auxiliary heat of biomass stove 2.PVT collecting system, is furnished with bypass pipe m2-n2, when continuous wet weather or microthermal climate, PVT heat collector anti-freezing water temperature probe T2 pipelines water temperature (is less than or equal to 10 DEG C time too low, can set according to user oneself), close hot water valve one e1 and hot water valve two e4, water route is bypassed in flue gas heat-exchange unit 8 by bypass pipe m2-n2 heats.
This device is when summer operation, heat collector electromagnetism atmospheric valve a2 on solar thermal collector end blow-down pipe m1-n1 closes, solar thermal collector air bleeding valve a3, high-temperature water tank air bleeding valve a4 close, heat collector outlet valve a1 opens, heat collector water-circulating pump B1 opens, and solar thermal collector 1 heats to high-temperature water tank S1.PVT heat collector 3 is synchronously opened simultaneously, and hot water effluent's valve e7, PVT device circulating pump B2, hot water valve one e1, hot water valve two e4 open; PVT heat collector electromagnetism atmospheric valve e2, bypass pipe magnetic valve e3, PVT heat collector air bleeding valve e5 and middle reservoir air bleeding valve e6 close.After in PVT heat collector 3, water absorbs the unnecessary heat of photovoltaic panel, store in middle reservoir S2.In PVT heat collector supply line, direct current is after the devices such as inverter, transformer, battery, and each pump of feed system provides power, and unnecessary electricity is used for household electricity.
The present invention can provide the domestic hot-water of two kinds of different temperatures, and the high-temperature-hot-water outlet valve d1 opening A channel can provide thermobiosis hot water 50-70 DEG C, and thermobiosis hot water can be used to take a shower; The middle warm water's outlet valve d2 opened in channel B can provide low temperature domestic hot-water 30-50 DEG C, and the dish etc. that can be used to winter to wash one's hands needs the occasion of low-temperature heat source.When hot water temperature in high-temperature water tank S1 is not enough, biomass stove 2 can be opened and carry out auxiliary heat; When central reservoir S2 water temperature is not enough, adds in chimney heat exchanger 8 with the fume afterheat of biomass stove 2 and hanker hot water in reservoir S2; If desired the hot water of higher temperature, now also intermittently can open high-temperature-hot-water outlet valve d1 in high-temperature water tank S1, provides the high-temperature-hot-water of temperature between 50-80 DEG C.When senior middle school's reservoir water yield is lower than certain setting value, water tank can automatic water supplement.
When needing refrigeration summer, lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant provides thermal source by high temperature refrigerant oil, and thermal source obtains Three models.When the hygrosensor in high-temperature water tank S1 detects water temperature between 70-90 DEG C, the heat exchange in double-tube heat exchanger 11 of hydro-thermal amount is oily to working medium, biomass stove 2 does not start, and now opens heat source valve one b1, heat source valve four b4, heat source valve two b2 and heat source valve three b3 and closes; When high-temperature water tank S1 water temperature is at 50-70 DEG C, just heating working medium is oily in double-tube heat exchanger 11 for hydro-thermal amount, and biomass stove 2 opens auxiliary heat, now opens heat source valve one b1, heat source valve four b4, heat source valve two b2 and heat source valve three b3 and closes; When high-temperature water tank S1 water temperature is below 50 DEG C, working medium oil without double-tube heat exchanger 11 heat exchange, and directly heats in biomass stove 2, and now heat source valve four b4, heat source valve two b2 open, and heat source valve one b1 and heat source valve three b3 closes.The cold water produced in evaporimeter in lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant 4 flow to low temperature water tank S3 through chilled water outlet valve b6, after provide chilled water circulation power by chilled water circulating pump B4, flow back to evaporimeter in lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant 4 through chilled water back-water valve (BWV) b5.In certain temperature range, provide the oil temperature temperature of thermal source higher, its refrigerating efficiency is higher.Wherein not only there is in high-temperature water tank S1 water to the function of working medium oil heat exchange in pipeline during 11 summer of double-tube heat exchanger, and there is winter ducted working medium oil to the function of the water heat exchange in high-temperature water tank S1.
When needing for warm domestic hot-water winter, now lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant does not start, now heat source valve four b4 and heat source valve two b2 is in closed condition, and chilled water outlet valve b6, chilled water back-water valve (BWV) b5, chilled water circulating pump B4 are in closed condition.When continuous rainy weather in winter, high-temperature water tank S1 and low temperature water tank S2 water temperature too low time (being less than 30 DEG C), B1 is out of service for heat collector water-circulating pump, heat collector outlet valve a1 closes, open the heat collector electromagnetism atmospheric valve a2 above solar thermal collector air bleeding valve a3, high-temperature water tank air bleeding valve a4 and exhausting pipeline m1-n1, the water in device is flowed back in high-temperature water tank S1 by Action of Gravity Field.Now biomass stove 2 is started working, and heat source valve three b3 and heat source valve one b1 opens, and heat-source Cycles pump B3 opens operation, and working medium oil after heating, heats the water of high-temperature water tank S1 in 11 in biomass stove 2 in double-tube heat exchanger.Meanwhile in PVT apparatus system, in PVT heat collector 3 pipeline, water passes through exhausting pipeline, PVT heat collector electromagnetism atmospheric valve e2 above exhausting pipeline m3-n3 flows to middle reservoir S2 by natural gravity effect, now open the PVT heat collector air bleeding valve e5 in system and device, middle reservoir air bleeding valve e6, holding device and ambient pressure balance.Close hot water valve one e1 and hot water valve four e4, open the bypass pipe magnetic valve e3 above by-pass line m2-n2 and hot water effluent's valve e7 and PVT device circulating pump B2, hot water, through by-pass line, only heats in chimney heat exchanger 8.
The cold water that lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant 4 produces, be stored in low temperature water tank S3, water temperature is between 10-18 DEG C.During summer cooling, capillary hot water outlet valve c6, capillary hot water back-water valve (BWV) c5 are in closed condition always.Summer, cold water was provided by low temperature water tank S3, opened capillary cold water outlet valve c1, capillary cold-water return valve c2, and capillary water supply on-off valve c4, capillary circulation pump B5, cold water flows to capillary radiation end.If the cold water radiation cooling heating water return temp probe T3 detecting temperature after the heat exchange of capillary cooling is lower than 18 DEG C, be bypassed in water knockout drum 5 through capillary by-passing valve c3, continue supply capillary and use, thus more energy-conservation.Wherein capillary by-passing valve c3 is electric control valve, and the amplitude size of unlatching can regulate, thus controls the flow flowing to bypass pipe.Dew point transducer is equipped with in indoor, when dew point transducer senses that cold emission face condenses soon, closes the water inlet end capillary cold water outlet valve c1 of capillary, cold water is stopped to enter capillary, after radiative surface temperature is raised, then open capillary cold water outlet valve c1 and circulate, thus prevent condensation.Simultaneously indoor also can be furnished with dehumidifier, when dew point transducer sense soon condense time, the dehumidifying that dehumidifier carries out part can be opened.
In winter, reservoir S2 hot water provides capillary radiation end thermal source, and at radiation tail end place, capillary cold water outlet valve c1, capillary cold-water return valve c2 are in closed condition.Open capillary hot water outlet valve c6, capillary hot water back-water valve (BWV) c5, capillary water supply on-off valve c4, open capillary circulation pump B5.After hot water leads to water knockout drum 5, after capillary radiation heating, flow back to water collector 6, when radiation cooling heating water return temp probe T3 detection hot water temperature is more than or equal to 30 DEG C, now return in water knockout drum 5 by capillary by-passing valve c3 bypass, continue radiant heating, thus more energy-conservation.
In the present invention, in indoor capillary radiant cooling and heating, capillary ceiling is installed, and ground is installed, and also can install by metope.In PVT device, the direct current sent is through inverter, and transformer, battery etc., the pump that can be system provides power supply, and unnecessary electricity is for user.In the present invention, the thermal-arrest that solar thermal collector side can adopt heat pipe, composite parabolic heat collector realizes solar energy.In the present invention, low temperature water tank, middle reservoir, high-temperature water tank, all has heat insulation function, and has liquid level gauge, thermometer, pressure gauge, and corresponding moisturizing place.
Described in the present invention, concrete case study on implementation is only better case study on implementation of the present invention, is not used for limiting practical range of the present invention.Namely all equivalences done according to the content of the present patent application the scope of the claims change and modify, all should as technology category of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. adopt many thermogrades of solar energy heating to utilize a system, it is characterized in that: comprise solar energy high temperature heat collector end, PVT medium-temperature collectors end, Low Temperature Storage water end (W.E.), indoor capillary cold and heat supply spoke side;
The solar thermal collector (1) that described solar energy high temperature heat collector end comprises high-temperature water tank (S1) and is connected with described high-temperature water tank (S1); The PVT heat collector (3) that described PVT medium-temperature collectors end comprises middle reservoir (S2) and is connected with described middle reservoir (S2); Described high-temperature water tank (S1) is connected with A channel, for providing thermobiosis hot water; Described middle reservoir (S2) is connected with channel B, for providing middle temperature domestic hot-water;
The lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant (4) that described Low Temperature Storage water end (W.E.) comprises low temperature water tank (S3) and is connected with described low temperature water tank (S3); The heat source side of described lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant (4) is connected with double-tube heat exchanger (11), and described double-tube heat exchanger (11) is positioned in described high-temperature water tank (S1);
Described indoor capillary cold and heat supply spoke side device comprises capillary water knockout drum (5), capillary water collector (6), indoor capillary (7); Described capillary water knockout drum (5) oral siphon is provided with three-way pipe, and described three-way pipe is connected with described middle reservoir (S2) outlet pipe and described low temperature water tank (S3) outlet pipe respectively; When described indoor capillary cold and heat supply spoke side device heating, be communicated with the outlet pipe of described capillary water knockout drum (5) oral siphon and described middle reservoir (S2); When described indoor capillary cold and heat supply spoke side device cooling, be communicated with the outlet pipe of described capillary water knockout drum (5) oral siphon and described low temperature water tank (S3).
2. many thermogrades of employing solar energy heating according to claim 1 utilize system, it is characterized in that: export at described double-tube heat exchanger (11) biomass stove (2) be connected with for the working medium in double-tube heat exchanger described in auxiliary heating (11), described biomass stove (2) is provided with chimney heat exchanger (8); Described chimney heat exchanger (8) is connected with described PVT medium-temperature collectors end, for the hot water in reservoir (S2) middle described in auxiliary heating.
3. many thermogrades of employing solar energy heating according to claim 2 utilize system, it is characterized in that: the heat source side of described lithium bromide water absorption refrigerating plant (4) directly can connect described biomass stove (2), is heated the working medium in it by described biomass stove (2).
4. many thermogrades of employing solar energy heating according to claim 1 utilize system, it is characterized in that: between described solar thermal collector (1) and high-temperature water tank (S1), between described PVT heat collector (3) and middle reservoir (S2), be respectively equipped with blow-down pipe (m1-n1), (m3-n3); Water inlet pipe on the chimney heat exchanger (8) of described biomass stove (2) and be provided with by-pass line (m2-n2) between described middle reservoir (S2) cold water outlet pipe.
5. many thermogrades of employing solar energy heating according to claim 1 utilize system, it is characterized in that: described high-temperature water tank (S1) installation site is higher than described middle reservoir (S2) position, be connected by pipeline between described high-temperature water tank (S1) with described middle reservoir (S2), described pipeline be provided with the middle water temperature of central reservoir (S2) lower than the electromagnetism check valve (d3) opened when 30 DEG C.
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