CN104856646A - 用于光学地检测组织属性的器械 - Google Patents
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Abstract
钳夹组件包括第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件,第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件构造为夹紧二者之间的组织。第一钳夹构件包括与第二钳夹构件的表面相对的表面、光源、以及光检测器。光源被构造为从限定在第一钳夹构件的表面中的开口发射光。光检测器布置在开口内并且被构造为感测从夹紧在第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件之间的组织反射的光的特性,并产生指示感测到的光的特性的信号。处理器与光检测器可操作地结合并且被构造为接收来自光检测器的信号。处理器还被构造为分析信号从而确定夹紧在第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件之间的组织的属性以及向使用者提供组织的属性的反馈。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2014年2月21日提交的序列号为61/942,937的美国临时专利申请的权益及优先权,将其全部内容以引用方式并入本申请。
技术领域
本公开涉及手术器械,并且,更具体地,涉及用于使用光学技术检测组织的属性的手术器械。
背景技术
在内窥镜检查手术操作中,手术通过小切口或者通过穿过皮肤中的小创口或者穿过自然存在的口插入的窄小的内窥镜检查管(插管)在人体的任何中空的内脏中进行。在腹部的内部内进行的内窥镜检查手术操作称作腹腔镜检查操作。如此处使用的,腹腔镜检查与内窥镜检查操作共同称为内窥镜检查操作。内窥镜检查操作经常需要临床医生在远离切口的器官、组织以及脉管上进行。
在内窥镜检查操作过程中,外科医生可以通过知道正被操纵的组织的属性获益,从而增加操作的效率。例如,知道组织的厚度可以帮助外科医生为组织选择合适尺寸的吻合钉。另外,识别手术部位内的脉管的特性,外科医生可以识别红血球浓度从而确定组织是否病变或者癌变。
发明内容
因此,本公开涉及构造为提供手术部位内的组织特性的在外科手术时产生的反馈的内窥镜检查手术器械。
在本公开的方案中,钳夹组件包括在打开构造与夹紧构造之间能相对于彼此移动的第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件。在夹紧构造中,第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件被构造为夹紧其间的组织。第一钳夹构件包括与第二钳夹构件的表面相对的表面。第一钳夹构件进一步包括限定在第一钳夹构件的表面中的开口。第一钳夹构件还包括构造为从所述开口发射光的光源以及布置在所述开口内的光检测器。光检测器被构造为感测从夹紧在第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件之间的组织反射的光的特性并且被构造为产生指示感测到的光的特性的信号。钳夹组件进一步包括与光检测器可操作地结合的处理器。处理器被构造为接收来自光检测器的指示光的特性的信号,分析信号以判定在第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件之间被夹紧的组织的属性,以及向使用者提供组织属性的听觉的、触觉的或者视觉的反馈。处理器可以被构造为判定夹紧在第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件之间的组织的厚度。光源可以被构造为通过电激励、白炽灯、发光二极管、电致发光、气体放电、高强度放电、激光、化学放电、荧光、或者磷光中的一种产生光。
在实施例中,第二钳夹构件包括布置于限定在第二钳夹构件的表面中的第二开口内的第二光检测器。第二光检测器被构造为感测来自第一钳夹构件的光源通过在第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件之间被夹紧的组织传送的光的特性,并且被构造为产生指示感测到的光的特性的信号。第二光检测器可以将信号传送到处理器。
在一些实施例中,第二钳夹构件包括构造为通过限定在第二钳夹构件的表面中的第二开口发射光的第二光源。第二钳夹构件进一步包括第二光检测器,该第二光检测器布置在第二开口内并构造为感测从第二光源发射并被在第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件之间被夹紧的组织反射的光的特性,并且构造为产生指示感测到的光的特性的信号。
在某些实施例中,第一钳夹构件包括砧座,并且第二钳夹构件包括吻合钉钉仓。吻合钉钉仓包括多个吻合钉,该多个吻合钉构造为被驱动穿过在第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件之间被夹紧的组织。
在本公开的方案中,手术器械包括手柄、从手柄延伸的细长轴、以及钳夹组件。钳夹组件包括在打开构造与夹紧构造之间能相对于彼此移动的第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件。在夹紧构造中,第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件被构造为夹紧其间的组织。第一钳夹构件包括与第二钳夹构件的表面相对的表面。第一钳夹构件进一步包括限定在第一钳夹构件的表面中的开口。第一钳夹构件还包括构造为从开口发射光的光源以及布置在开口内的光检测器。光检测器被构造为感测从夹紧在第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件之间的组织反射的光的特性,并且被构造为产生指示感测到的光的特性的信号。钳夹组件进一步包括与光检测器可操作地结合的处理器。处理器被构造为接收来自光检测器的指示光的特性的信号,分析信号以判定在第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件之间被夹紧的组织的属性,以及向使用者提供组织属性的听觉的、触觉的或者视觉的反馈。
在实施例中,手术器械可以包括布置在手柄上的控制界面,该控制界面与钳夹组件可操作地结合。控制界面被构造为在打开构造和夹紧构造之间致动第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件。控制界面与光源可操作地结合从而启动光源以从开口发射光。
在一些实施例中,手术器械包括布置在手柄上的显示面板。显示面板与处理器可操作地结合并构造为显示组织属性的反馈。
在某些实施例中,处理器布置在细长轴内。在其他实施例中,处理器布置在手柄内。
在特殊的实施例中,钳夹构件中的一个包括吻合钉钉仓,所述吻合钉钉仓具有构造为射出穿过在第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件之间被夹紧的组织的多个吻合钉。处理器可以被构造为控制吻合钉从手术器械的射出。
在本公开的一些方案中,用于检测组织属性的方法包括提供钳夹组件,夹紧位于钳夹组件的第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件之间的组织,从位于第一钳夹构件的表面中的开口发射光,感测组织反射的光的特性,向处理器传送指示光的特性的信号,使用处理器通过信号来判定组织属性,并且向使用者提供组织属性的反馈。第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件在打开构造与夹紧构造之间能相对于彼此移动。第一钳夹构件的表面与第二钳夹构件相对。
该方法可以包括感测通过在钳夹组件的第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件之间被夹紧的组织传送的光的特性。第一钳夹构件包括光源,并且第二钳夹构件包括第二光检测器。从开口发射光可以包括启动第一钳夹构件的光源。
所述方法可以包括从联接到第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件中的一个钳夹构件的吻合钉钉仓射出吻合钉穿过在第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件之间被夹紧的组织。判定组织属性可以包括判定在钳夹构件之间被夹紧的组织的组织厚度,并且该方法可以包括将已判定的组织厚度与预先确定的组织厚度数值进行比较,并且当判定的组织厚度大于预先确定的数值时,阻止手术器械的附加功能。所述方法可以进一步包括将预先确定的组织厚度数值输入到与处理器可操作地结合的控制界面中。所述方法可以进一步包括将吻合钉钉仓联接到第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件中的一个钳夹构件。吻合钉钉仓可以将预先确定的数值传送到处理器。
进一步地,在相容的情况下,此处描述的任何方案可以用于与此处描述的其他方案中的任何或者全部方案联合。
附图说明
将参照附图在下文中描述本公开的各种方案,其中:
图1为根据本公开的包括构造为光学地检测组织的特性的末端执行器的手术器械的立体图;
图2为图1的细节区域“2”的放大图,其示出了图1的手术器械的钳夹构件处于打开构造;
图3为处于夹紧构造的图2的钳夹构件的立体图;
图4为沿图3的直线4-4截取的侧视剖视图,其示出了检测组件的部件;
图5为根据本公开的包括末端执行器的手术器械的立体图,该末端执行器构造为光学地检测组织的特性并且射出吻合钉穿过在末端执行器内夹紧的组织;
图6为在图5中示出的末端执行器的钳夹构件的立体图;
图7为沿图6的直线7-7截取的侧视剖视图,其示出了钳夹构件组件的部件;以及
图8为图7的细节区域“8”的放大图,其示出了布置在由上钳夹构件限定的开口内的检测组件的一部分。
具体实施方式
现在参照附图详细描述本公开的实施例,其中在多个视图的每一个中,相同的附图标记指定相同或对应的元件。如此处所使用的,术语“临床医生”指的是医生、护士或者任何其他的护理提供者并且可以包括支持人员。整个说明书中,术语“近侧”指的是装置的最靠近临床医生的部分或者其部件,而术语“远侧”指的是装置的最远离临床医生的部分或者其部件。
参照图1,根据本公开提供了手术器械10,其包括:手柄20、从手柄20延伸的细长轴30、以及联接到细长轴30的远侧端34的钳夹组件40。手柄20包括控制界面22和显示面板28。如下文详细描述的,控制界面22可操作地与钳夹组件40结合。如下文详细描述的,显示面板28被构造为显示夹紧在钳夹组件40内的组织的组织特性。
在替换实施例中,显示面板28没有出现在手柄20上,而是远程连接到手术器械10的屏幕(例如,位于手术室之内或之外的手术监视器(未示出))或者起到远程连接到手术器械10的屏幕的作用。可以构想,控制界面22可以合并到显示面板28中(例如,触摸屏显示面板,无论显示面板28是在手柄20上还是远程的)。
在实施例中,手柄20为动力驱动的手柄,并且控制界面22包括多个按钮或开关以操纵钳夹组件40。在有些实施例中,手柄20为手动手柄,并且控制界面22包括扳机和控制杆(未示出)以操纵钳夹组件40。这样的手柄的典型的例子公开在于2012年5月31日提交的序列号为13/484,975的共有的并且悬而未决的美国专利申请中,并且上述专利于2012年10月4日以公布号2012/0253329作为美国专利公布,其全部内容以引用的形式并入此处。
细长轴30将钳夹组件40与手柄20可操作地结合。细长轴30的近侧端32可以与手柄20一体地形成。在实施例中,近侧端32将细长轴30可释放地联接到手柄20。在有些实施例中,细长轴30的远侧端34包括可拆卸的末端执行器组件36,该末端执行器组件36包括钳夹组件40。在实施例中,细长轴30可以相对于手柄20旋转。在有些实施例中,钳夹组件40相对于细长轴30做关节式运动。
参照图2至图4,钳夹组件40包括上钳夹构件42、下钳夹构件44、以及检测组件50。上钳夹构件42在与下钳夹构件44相对的表面中限定了多个开口43。下钳夹构件44可以在与上钳夹构件42相对的表面中限定多个开口45。
钳夹构件42、44相对于彼此在打开构造(图2)与夹紧构造(图3)之间能够移动,其中,在打开构造,钳夹构件42、44彼此隔开,而在夹紧构造,钳夹构件42、44是接近的。控制界面22(图1)可以用于支配钳夹构件42、44在打开构造与夹紧构造之间的转换。
具体参照图4,检测组件50布置在钳夹组件40内并且包括光源52a、52b,光检测器54a、54b,以及处理器58。上钳夹构件42包括单独的光源52a以及布置在由上钳夹构件42限定的每个开口43内的光检测器54a。来自光源52a的光通过光缆或者光管53被导引至每个开口43,从而使来自光源52a的光从开口43中的每个开口发射。可以领会,在单独的钳夹构件(例如,上钳夹构件42)中具有光源和光检测器简化了通向光源和光检测器的线路和线缆的布线。另外,可以领会,单独的钳夹构件可以相对于细长轴固定,从而进一步简化通向光源和光检测器的线路和线缆的布线。
在实施例中,下钳夹构件44包括多个光源52b和光检测器54b,所述多个光源52b和光检测器54b布置在由下钳夹构件44限定的每个开口45内。光源52b为构造为通过开口45发射光的直接光源。
光源52a、52b可以通过各种方式产生光,包括但不限于电激励、白炽灯、电致发光、气体放电、高强度放电、激光、化学放电、荧光和/或磷光。可以构想,下钳夹构件44可以包括通过光缆或者光管(未示出)导引至开口45的单独的光源52b,类似于穿过上钳夹构件42而延伸到开口43的光缆或者光管53。可以进一步构想,光源52a可以是布置在上钳夹构件42的开口43内的多个光源52a,类似于布置在下钳夹构件44的开口45内的光源52b。
每个光检测器54a、54b与处理器58可操作地结合。每个光检测器54a、54b都是构造为光学地检测与光检测器54a、54b接触的光的特性的传感器。每个光检测器54a、54b与处理器58可操作地结合。可以构想,每个光检测器54a、54b可以有线地直接连接到处理器58或者无线地连接到处理器58。光检测器54a、54b相互调整一致从而加强光属性的检测是在本公开范围内的。每个光源、每个光管、或者每组光源或者每组光管可以与特定的光检测器结合,使光检测器被构造为只检测来自所结合的光源、光管、或者一组光源或者光管的光的情况也是在本公开范围内的。进一步地,光源或光管可以被顺序地操作从而产生更清晰的组织特性的图像是在本公开的范围内的。
无线连接可以通过无线电频率、光纤、WIFI、蓝牙(用于在短距离范围内从固定的或者移动的装置交换数据(使用短波长无线电波),建立个人域网(PANs)的开放无线协议)、紫蜂协议(用于使用基于针对无线个人域网(WPANs)的IEEE802.15.4-2003标准的小规模、低功率数字无线电的一套高级别通信协议的规范)等。
处理器58可以布置在手术器械10内(例如,在手柄20内、在细长轴30内、或者在钳夹组件40内)或者布置在手术器械10外。处理器58被构造为接收包括来自光检测器54a、54b的光的特性的一个或多个信号,并且被构造为分析该信号从而判定在第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件之间被夹紧的组织的属性。如在下文中详细描述的,处理器58与显示面板28可操作地结合,从而显示在钳夹组件40内被夹紧的组织的属性。
每个光检测器54a、54b可以被构造为检测注入患者血流中的特定的化学物质或者药剂,包括但不限于生物发光、辐射发光、化学发光、荧光和/或磷光的化学物质线缆或者药剂线缆。可以构想,每个光检测器54a、54b可以被构造为与每个其他的光检测器54a、54b相比检测相同或者不同的化学物质或者药剂。还可以构想,在钳夹构件42、44中的对应的一个钳夹构件中的每个开口43、45可以包括多于一个光检测器54a、54b,每个光检测器54a、54b构造为检测光的不同属性或者相同属性。
参照图3和图4,根据本公开,检测组件50被用于判定夹紧在钳夹组件40内的组织的属性。当组织夹紧在钳夹组件40的上钳夹构件42和下钳夹构件44之间时,光源52a、52b中的一个光源或者更多光源被启动,从而从钳夹构件42、44中对应的开口43、45发射光。控制组件22(图1)可以用于启动光源52a、52b。从开口43、45发射的光从夹紧在钳夹组件40内的组织的表面反射,将一些光反向散射回对应的开口43、45(例如,从光源52a发射的通过开口43的光从组织的表面反射,传输回到开口43并且被布置在开口43内的光检测器54a感测)。光也可以通过组织传送并进入相对的开口43、45(例如,从光源52a发射的通过开口43的光可以通过组织传送进入与开口43相对的开口45,并且被布置在开口45内的光检测器54b感测)。
在实施例中,光源52b或者光缆53的末端可以定位在开口45内,从而与组织的表面直接接触,以实现短的光子路径长度。
由光检测器54a、54b感测的光的特性被转换为电信号并传送到处理器58。处理器58分析指示所感测到的光的特性的信号,从而判定夹紧在钳夹构件42、44之间的组织的属性并将组织属性显示在显示面板28上。例如,光的强度可以用于计算夹紧在钳夹组件40内的已知的组织类型(即,肺、胃、肠、肌肉等)的厚度,并且,显示面板28显示计算出的组织厚度。
另外,光检测器54a、54b可以被构造为感测与注入患者血流中的特定的化学物质或者药剂结合的光的特性。进一步地,光检测器54a、54b可以被构造为感测指示外来物体、染病组织、或者在夹紧在钳夹组件40内的组织内的非组织的光的特性。
在实施例中,处理器58可以将在钳夹组件40内被夹紧的组织的组织厚度与预先确定的数值比较,并且向临床医生提供组织厚度大于或者小于预先确定的数值的标志。当组织厚度大于预先确定的数值时,处理器58可以向临床医生提供可听到的、触觉的、或者视觉的标志(例如,红色光、故障音、停止图标、警报灯方式、可听到的警报方式等),以提醒临床医生组织厚度大于预先确定的数值。当组织厚度小于或者等于预先确定的数值时,处理器58可以向临床医生提供可听到的、触觉的、或者视觉的标志(例如,绿色光、继续运转音调、工作正常图标、工作正常灯方式、可听到的工作正常方式等),以提醒临床医生组织厚度小于或者等于预先确定的数值。通过确定的组织的厚度,临床医生可以选择合适地构造的手术器械(例如,装载有合适尺寸的多个手术吻合钉的手术吻合器)来完成特定的手术任务。
参照图5至图8,根据本公开而提供的手术器械100包括:手柄20、从手柄20延伸的细长轴30、包括钳夹组件140的可拆卸的末端执行器组件36。钳夹组件140包括上钳夹构件142、下钳夹构件144、以及检测组件150。上钳夹构件142包括具有多个吻合钉凹穴164的砧座162。砧座162可以可释放地联接到上钳夹构件142。开口143限定在砧座162中并位于每个吻合钉凹穴164之间。
下钳夹构件144包括具有构造为被射出并穿过在上钳夹构件142和下钳夹构件144之间被夹紧的组织的多个吻合钉168的吻合钉钉仓166。每个吻合钉168与构造为从吻合钉钉仓166朝向砧座162推进吻合钉168穿过在钳夹构件142、144之间被夹紧的组织的吻合钉推进器169结合。当每个吻合钉168与砧座162接触时,每个吻合钉168的腿形成为将吻合钉168固定于在钳夹构件142、144之间被夹紧的组织内。吻合钉钉仓166可以可释放地被联接到下钳夹构件144。
检测组件150包括多个光源52a、多个光检测器54a、以及处理器158。光源52a和光检测器54a布置于限定在上钳夹构件142的砧座162中的开口143内。处理器158布置在手柄20内并且与光检测器54a可操作地结合。手术器械100的光源52a、光检测器54a、以及处理器158大致类似于上文详细描述的手术器械10的光源52a、光检测器54a、以及处理器58而操作,同样下文只对区别详细描述。
处理器158可以被构造为当在钳夹组件140内被夹紧的组织的组织厚度大于预先确定的数值时停止钳夹组件140的附加的功能(例如,防止吻合钉168从吻合钉钉仓166射出)。
临床医生可以将预先确定的数值输入到控制组件22。控制组件22可以布置在手柄20上或者远程连接到手术器械100。吻合钉钉仓166可以由具有不同尺寸的吻合钉168的多个吻合钉钉仓取代。联接到下钳夹构件144的吻合钉钉仓166内的吻合钉168的尺寸可以确定预先确定的数值。吻合钉钉仓166可以与处理器158可操作地结合,从而当吻合钉钉仓166被联接到下钳夹构件144时,使与吻合钉钉仓166结合的预先确定的数值传送到处理器158。也可以构想,预先确定的数值包括与同吻合钉钉仓166相配的组织厚度结合的上限以及下限,并且处理器158被构造为,如果组织厚度不在上限和下限之间,则防止射出吻合钉168。
组织厚度可以由组织内的红血球密度判定。例如,如果存在过多的血液闭塞,则红血球的减少的密度指示吻合钉钉仓166内的吻合钉168对于在钳夹组件140内被夹紧的组织而言尺寸过小。
在钳夹组件40、140内被夹紧的组织的属性也可以通过检测异常的血流来检测。例如,异常的血流可以指示癌变或者肿瘤组织被夹紧在钳夹组件40、140内,从而通知临床医生应增加切除边缘的范围(即,包含癌变或者肿瘤组织的组织切除量)。
如上所述,检测组件50可以作为单独的器械或者作为包括但不限于手术吻合器、抓紧器、或者电手术装置的多功能手术器械的组成部分而提供。
此处公开的各种实施例也可以被构造为与机器人手术系统一起工作并且普遍地称为“远程手术”。这样的系统采用各种自动操作元件以在手术室中辅助外科医生并且允许手术仪器的远程操作(或者部分远程操作)。各种机械臂、齿轮、凸轮、滑轮、电动以及机械马达等可以为了该目的而被采用,并且可以与机器人手术系统一起设计从而在手术或处理的过程中辅助外科医生。这样的机器人系统可以包括远程操纵系统、自动柔性手术系统、远程柔性手术系统、远程关节式运动手术系统、无线手术系统、模块的或者可选择性构造的远程操作手术系统等。
机器人手术系统可以与紧邻手术室或者位于远程地点的一个或者更多的控制台一起使用。在这种情况下,一队外科医生或者护士可以为患者准备手术并且使用此处公开的一个或者更多的器械(例如,钳夹组件40)构造机器人手术系统,而另一个外科医生(或者一组外科医生)通过机器人手术系统远程控制器械。可以领会,技术娴熟的外科医生可以执行在多个位置的多个操作而无需离开他/她的远程控制台,这既在经济上是有利的也对患者或者一系列患者是有益的。
手术系统的机械臂通常由控制器联接到一对主手柄(master handle)。所述手柄可以由外科医生移动从而产生任何类型的手术器械(例如,末端执行器、抓紧器、刀具、剪刀等)的工作端的对应的移动,这可以补充此处描述的实施例中的一个实施例或更多实施例的用途。主手柄的移动可以被确定比例,从而使工作端具有对应的移动,该对应的移动不同于、小于或者大于由外科医生的操作手执行的移动。比例因子或者齿轮比可以被调整,从而使操作者能够控制手术器械的工作端的分辨率(resolution)。
主手柄可以包括各种传感器以向外科医生提供有关各种组织参数或者情况的反馈(例如,由于操纵、切割或者其他处理引起的组织阻力、由器械施加到组织的压力、组织温度、组织阻抗等)。可以领会,这样的传感器为外科医生提供模仿了实际手术情况的增强的可用触觉感知的反馈。主手柄也可以包括用于精密的组织操纵或者处理的各种不同的致动器,进一步加强了外科医生模仿实际手术情况的能力。
虽然在附图中示出了本公开的多个实施例,但并不意图将本公开限定于此,如所意图的,本公开在范围上如本领域所允许的一样宽广,并也同样地阅读说明书。可以预想上述实施例的任何组合,并且上述实施例的任何组合均在所附的权利要求书的范围内。因此,上述说明不应理解为限定,而仅仅是作为具体实施例的范例。本领域技术人员在所附的权利要求书的范围和精神内会预想到其他的变型。
Claims (21)
1.一种钳夹组件,包括:
第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件,其在打开构造与夹紧构造之间能相对于彼此移动,所述第一钳夹构件和所述第二钳夹构件构造为在所述夹紧构造中夹紧其间的组织,所述第一钳夹构件包括:
表面,其与所述第二钳夹构件的表面相对;
开口,其限定在所述第一钳夹构件的所述表面中;
光源,其构造为从所述开口发射光;以及
光检测器,其布置在所述开口内,所述光检测器构造为感测从夹紧在所述第一钳夹构件和所述第二钳夹构件之间的组织反射的光的特性,并且构造为产生指示感测到的光的特性的信号;以及
处理器,其与所述光检测器可操作地结合,所述处理器构造为:
接收来自所述光检测器的指示光的特性的信号;
分析所述信号,从而判定在所述第一钳夹构件和所述第二钳夹构件之间被夹紧的组织的属性;以及
向使用者提供夹紧在所述第一钳夹构件和所述第二钳夹构件之间的组织的属性的反馈。
2.根据权利要求1所述的钳夹组件,其中,所述反馈为听觉的、触觉的、或者视觉的中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的钳夹组件,其中,所述处理器被构造为判定在所述第一钳夹构件和所述第二钳夹构件之间被夹紧的组织的厚度。
4.根据权利要求1所述的钳夹组件,其中,所述第二钳夹构件包括布置于限定在所述第二钳夹构件的所述表面中的第二开口内的第二光检测器,所述第二光检测器构造为感测从所述第一钳夹构件的所述光源发射并且通过夹紧在所述第一钳夹构件和所述第二钳夹构件之间的组织传送的光的特性,所述第二光检测器与所述处理器可操作地结合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的钳夹组件,其中,所述第二钳夹构件包括构造为通过限定在所述第二钳夹构件的所述表面中的第二开口发射光的第二光源,并且包括布置在所述第二开口内的第二光检测器,所述第二光检测器构造为感测从所述第二光源发射并且从夹紧在所述第一钳夹构件和所述第二钳夹构件之间的组织反射的光的特性。
6.根据权利要求1所述的钳夹组件,其中,所述光源被构造为从电激励、白炽灯、发光二极管、电致发光、气体放电、高强度放电、激光、化学放电、荧光、或者磷光中的至少一种产生光。
7.根据权利要求1所述的钳夹组件,其中,所述第一钳夹构件包括砧座,并且所述第二钳夹构件包括吻合钉钉仓,所述吻合钉钉仓具有构造为被驱动穿过在所述第一钳夹构件和所述第二钳夹构件之间被夹紧的组织的多个吻合钉。
8.一种手术器械,包括:
手柄;
细长轴,其从所述手柄延伸;以及
钳夹组件,其联接到所述细长轴的远侧端,所述钳夹组件包括在打开构造与夹紧构造之间能相对于彼此移动的第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件,所述第一钳夹构件和所述第二钳夹构件构造为在所述夹紧构造中夹紧其间的组织,所述第一钳夹构件包括:
表面,其与所述第二钳夹构件的表面相对;
开口,其限定在所述第一钳夹构件的所述表面中;
光源,其构造为从所述开口发射光;以及
光检测器,其布置在所述开口内,所述光检测器构造为感测从夹紧在所述第一钳夹构件和所述第二钳夹构件之间的组织反射的光的特性,并且构造为产生指示感测到的光的特性的信号;以及
处理器,其与所述光检测器可操作地结合,所述处理器构造为:
接收来自所述光检测器的指示光的特性的信号;
分析所述信号,从而判定在所述第一钳夹构件和所述第二钳夹构件之间被夹紧的组织的属性;以及
向使用者提供夹紧在所述第一钳夹构件和所述第二钳夹构件之间的组织的属性的反馈。
9.根据权利要求8所述的手术器械,进一步包括布置在所述手柄上的控制界面,所述控制界面与所述钳夹组件可操作地结合并构造为致动所述第一钳夹构件与所述第二钳夹构件在所述打开构造与所述夹紧构造之间的转换,所述控制界面与所述光源可操作地结合并且构造为启动所述光源以从所述开口发射光。
10.根据权利要求8所述的手术器械,进一步包括布置在所述手柄上的显示面板,所述显示面板与所述处理器可操作地结合并且构造为显示所述组织的所述属性的反馈。
11.根据权利要求8所述的手术器械,其中,所述处理器布置在所述细长轴内。
12.根据权利要求8所述的手术器械,其中,所述处理器布置在所述手柄内。
13.根据权利要求8所述的手术器械,其中,所述第一钳夹构件和所述第二钳夹构件中的一个钳夹构件包括吻合钉钉仓,所述吻合钉钉仓包括构造为射出穿过在所述第一钳夹构件和所述第二钳夹构件之间被夹紧的组织的多个吻合钉。
14.根据权利要求13所述的手术器械,其中,所述处理器被构造为控制所述吻合钉从所述手术器械的射出。
15.一种用于检测组织属性的方法,包括:
提供钳夹组件,其包括在打开构造与夹紧构造之间能相对于彼此移动的第一钳夹构件和第二钳夹构件;
夹紧位于所述钳夹组件的所述第一钳夹构件与所述第二钳夹构件之间的组织;
从位于所述第一钳夹构件的表面中的开口发射光;
使用布置在所述开口内的光检测器感测从夹紧在所述钳夹组件内的组织反射进入所述开口的光的特性;
向处理器传送指示光的特性的信号;
使用处理器通过信号来判定组织属性;以及
向使用者提供所述组织属性的反馈。
16.根据权利要求15所述的方法,进一步包括感测通过在所述钳夹组件的所述第一钳夹构件和所述第二钳夹构件之间被夹紧的组织传送的光的特性,所述第一钳夹构件包括光源,并且所述第二钳夹构件包括第二光检测器。
17.根据权利要求15所述的方法,其中,从所述开口发射光包括启动所述第一钳夹构件的光源。
18.根据权利要求15所述的方法,进一步包括从联接到所述第一钳夹构件和所述第二钳夹构件中的一个钳夹构件的吻合钉钉仓射出吻合钉穿过在所述第一钳夹构件和所述第二钳夹构件之间被夹紧的组织。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法,其中,判定组织属性包括判定组织厚度,并且所述方法进一步包括:
将已判定的组织厚度与预先确定的组织厚度数值进行比较;以及
当所述组织厚度大于预先确定的数值时,阻止所述手术器械的附加功能。
20.根据权利要求19所述的方法,进一步包括将所述预先确定的组织厚度数值输入到与所述处理器可操作地结合的控制界面中。
21.根据权利要求19所述的方法,进一步包括将所述吻合钉钉仓联接到所述第一钳夹构件和所述第二钳夹构件中的一个钳夹构件,所述吻合钉钉仓将所述预先确定的数值传送至所述处理器。
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US20150238088A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
US10660724B2 (en) | 2020-05-26 |
CA2873257A1 (en) | 2015-08-21 |
CN104856646B (zh) | 2019-06-18 |
US9301691B2 (en) | 2016-04-05 |
AU2014262255A1 (en) | 2015-09-10 |
US20170079740A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 |
AU2014262255B2 (en) | 2019-02-21 |
US20160206209A1 (en) | 2016-07-21 |
JP2015157066A (ja) | 2015-09-03 |
JP6457806B2 (ja) | 2019-01-23 |
EP2913019A1 (en) | 2015-09-02 |
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