CN104849542A - Current detection system and gear shift method therefor - Google Patents
Current detection system and gear shift method therefor Download PDFInfo
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- CN104849542A CN104849542A CN201510323652.3A CN201510323652A CN104849542A CN 104849542 A CN104849542 A CN 104849542A CN 201510323652 A CN201510323652 A CN 201510323652A CN 104849542 A CN104849542 A CN 104849542A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a current detection system and a gear shift method therefor. The system comprises a current detection unit, a gear shift triggering unit, a current-dividing resistor unit, a gear shift switch, and a control unit. The current-dividing resistor unit is connected to a to-be-detected current bus in a series manner, and a second input end of the current-dividing resistor unit is connected with the output end of the gear shift switch. The input end of the current detection unit is connected with a second output end of the current-dividing resistor unit. A detection current input end of the control unit is connected with the output end of the current detection unit, and a gear shift triggering signal input end is connected to the output end of the gear shift triggering unit. The input end of the gear shift triggering unit is connected with a third output end of the current-dividing resistor unit. The input end of the gear shift switch is connected with the output end of the control unit. The gear shift method comprises the steps: generating a gear shift triggering signal according to a current detected by the gear shift triggering unit, and controlling the gear shift switch to switch a current-dividing resistor. According to the invention, the gear shift triggering signal is an analog signal, and there is no time delay between current detection and gear shift, thereby improving the instantaneity of gear shift in current detection of a resistor current-dividing type.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to current detection technology field, more specifically, relate to a kind of current detecting system and gear switch method thereof.
Background technology
In power-supply unit, the normal mode of shunt resistance that adopts detects bus current, and along with the change of load, output current also can change; When curent change scope is larger, current detection circuit needs to switch shunt resistance, to adapt to the current value of different amplitude; Existing gear switch method is generally: when the current value detected exceedes the threshold value of a certain gear, switching device is used to be disconnected by the shunt resistance of this gear, simultaneously by the shunt resistance conducting of another gear, detect the terminal voltage of the shunt resistance of this conducting to obtain current value simultaneously.
This utilize the detected value of electric current to judge whether cut shelves, and provide the method for cutting shelves order and can not cut shelves in time in the moment of curent change, because in high-precision current detects, often after complicated digital signal processing, just will upgrading current output value, having certain time delay from detecting and reading the current value meeting accuracy requirement to cutting shelves; Gear can not switch in time in the moment of current-jump, and larger saltus step will occur the magnitude of voltage exporting load to, the accuracy that impact detects; Also can cause large impact to shunt resistance when small area analysis to big current changes, even can burn out resistance; On the other hand, existingly cut in latch device, cut gear switch and connect with shunt resistance, circuit can be caused to disconnect in the moment of cutting shelves, cause the saltus step of output voltage to affect accuracy in detection equally.
There is in prior art the current detecting system of microampere, milliampere and ampere third gear, from detecting that current transients is to generation gear switch signal, its pilot process through complex digital process, just can meet the requirements of precision, and digital processing need at least need more than 10ms; Therefore the switching from current transients to gear, has the time delay of 10ms at least;
Summary of the invention
For above defect or the Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides a kind of current detecting system and gear switch method thereof, its object is to solve in existing current detection technology in the problem that current-jump moment gear can not switch immediately.
For achieving the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of current detecting system, comprise current detecting unit, cut a grade trigger element, shunt resistance unit, cut gear switch and control module;
Wherein, shunt resistance units in series is on current bus bar to be measured, and its first input end is for connecting power supply to be measured, and the first output terminal is for connecting load, and the second input end connects cuts gear switch output terminal; The input end of current detecting unit connects the second output terminal of shunt resistance unit, the detection current input terminal of control module connects the output terminal of current detecting unit, according to the signal acquisition current detection value that current detecting unit exports, cut grade trigger pip input end and connect the output terminal cutting grade trigger element; The input end cutting grade trigger element connects the 3rd output terminal of shunt resistance unit; Cut the output terminal of the input end connection control unit of gear switch;
Wherein, shunt resistance unit comprises the shunt resistance of at least two different gears; Cut grade trigger element and have the function detecting electric current and switch shunt resistance, its electric current detected only cuts a grade trigger pip for generating; Cut gear switch and cut a grade trigger pip switching shunt resistance according to this.
Preferably, shunt resistance unit comprises microampere shelves shunt resistance and ampere shelves shunt resistance, two grades of shunt resistance series connection;
And current detecting unit comprises microampere shelves current detection circuit and ampere shelves current detection circuit;
Cut the two ends that gear switch is connected in parallel on microampere shelves shunt resistance; The input end of microampere shelves current detection circuit connects microampere shelves shunt resistance; The input end of ampere shelves current detection circuit connects ampere shelves shunt resistance;
When cutting gear switch and disconnecting, microampere shelves current detecting unit and ampere shelves current detecting unit are all access in bus, obtain the current detection value of system according to the detected value of microampere shelves current detecting unit; When cutting gear switch conducting, microampere shelves shunt resistance and microampere shelves current detecting unit are shorted, and no longer provide effective detected value, get the current detection value of testing result as system of ampere shelves current detecting unit.
Preferably, shunt resistance unit comprises microampere shelves shunt resistance, milliampere shelves shunt resistance and ampere shelves shunt resistance, and third gear shunt resistance is connected;
Current detecting unit comprises microampere shelves current detection circuit, milliampere shelves current detection circuit and ampere shelves current detection circuit;
Cut gear switch to comprise first and cut gear switch and second and cut gear switch; First cuts the two ends that gear switch is connected in parallel on microampere shelves shunt resistance; Second cuts the two ends that gear switch is connected in parallel on milliampere shelves shunt resistance;
The input end of microampere shelves current detection circuit connects microampere shelves shunt resistance, and the input end of milliampere shelves current detection circuit connects milliampere shelves shunt resistance, and the input end of ampere shelves current detection circuit connects ampere shelves shunt resistance.
Preferably, cut a grade trigger element and comprise the first voltage comparator circuit and the second voltage comparator circuit;
Wherein, the input end of the first voltage comparator circuit connects microampere shelves shunt resistance, and first of output terminal connection control unit cuts a grade trigger pip input end; The input end of the second voltage comparator circuit connects ampere shelves shunt resistance, and second of output terminal connection control unit cuts a grade trigger pip input end; First of control module detects the output terminal that current input terminal connects microampere shelves current detection circuit, and the second detection current input terminal connects the output terminal of ampere shelves current detection circuit;
First voltage comparator circuit is for comparing voltage and the first threshold voltage at microampere shelves shunt resistance two ends; Second voltage comparator circuit is for comparing voltage and the Second Threshold voltage at ampere shelves shunt resistance two ends;
Control module on the one hand according to the output of above-mentioned two comparator circuits cut that grade conditioned signal provides simulation cut a grade trigger pip, cut gear switch disconnect or conducting to trigger; Current detection value is obtained on the other hand according to the output signal of microampere shelves current detection circuit and ampere shelves current detection circuit.
Preferably, cut grade trigger element and also comprise tertiary voltage comparator circuit, the input end of tertiary voltage comparator circuit connects milliampere shelves shunt resistance, and the 3rd of output terminal connection control unit cuts a grade trigger pip input end; The 3rd of control module detects the output terminal that current input terminal connects milliampere shelves current detection circuit; Tertiary voltage comparator circuit is for comparing voltage and the 3rd threshold voltage at milliampere shelves shunt resistance two ends.
Preferably, above-mentioned first voltage comparator circuit, the second voltage comparator circuit and tertiary voltage comparator circuit include and detect amplifying circuit, threshold voltage generative circuit and comparer;
Each detection amplifying circuit is connected in parallel on the two ends of the shunt resistance that each comparator circuit connects, for detecting the terminal voltage at described shunt resistance two ends; Threshold voltage generative circuit generates the threshold voltage of this gear under the control of the control unit; Comparer is used for terminal voltage and the threshold voltage at the shunt resistance two ends of more same gear, obtains and cuts a grade trigger pip.
Preferably, above-mentioned microampere shelves current detection circuit, milliampere shelves current detection circuit and ampere shelves current detection circuit include detection amplifying circuit and the analog to digital conversion circuit of series connection; Detect amplifying circuit for detecting the voltage at shunt resistance two ends corresponding to each gear and amplifying, it is digital signal that analog to digital conversion circuit is used for the voltage transitions after described amplification.
Preferably, first threshold voltage is 1mA* microampere shelves shunt resistance resistance; Second Threshold voltage is 1A* ampere shelves shunt resistance resistance; 3rd threshold voltage is 1mA* milliampere shelves shunt resistance resistance; Wherein, * symbol represents and is multiplied.
For realizing the object of the invention, according to another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of gear switch method of current detecting system, current detecting and gear switch are separated and controls, to reduce current detecting and through analog to digital conversion and digital processing to obtain the time delay between the detected value that meets accuracy requirement to gear switch, improve the real-time of gear switch, the sensitivity of further raising current detecting, and the output voltage transition that gear switch moment brings because of shunt resistance is dropped to minimum, reduce because of gear switch simultaneously, when especially switching to another electric current gear from an electric current gear, big current is to the impact of shunt resistance,
For the gear switch method of current detecting system with microampere shelves and ampere shelves two gears, specifically comprise the steps:
(1) when electric current to be measured is microampere shelves electric current, control to cut gear switch Switch disconnect according to the voltage detecting value of two gears and the comparative result of threshold voltage, microampere shelves current detection circuit and ampere shelves current detection circuit access bus simultaneously; The current detection value of system is obtained according to the detected value of microampere shelves current detection circuit;
(2) when current-jump to be measured is to ampere shelves, control to cut gear switch Switch conducting according to the voltage detecting value of two gears and the comparative result of threshold voltage, by the short circuit of microampere shelves current detection circuit, obtain the current detection value of system according to the detected value of ampere shelves current detection circuit;
(3) when electric current to be measured reduces to microampere shelves by ampere shelves, control to cut gear switch Switch according to the voltage detecting value of two gears and the comparative result of threshold voltage to disconnect, microampere shelves current detection circuit is access in bus again, obtains the current detection value of system according to the detected value of microampere shelves current detection circuit;
(4) when electric current to be measured exceeds the higher limit of ampere shelves current detection circuit, be considered as current bus circuit overcurrent, powered-down exports.
Preferably, for the gear switch method of current detecting system with microampere shelves, milliampere shelves and ampere shelves three gears, specifically comprise the steps:
(1) when electric current to be measured is microampere shelves, control first according to the voltage detecting value of three gears and the comparative result of corresponding threshold voltage and cut gear switch Switch1 and the second proper switch S witch2 disconnects, microampere shelves current detection circuit, milliampere shelves current detection circuit and ampere shelves current detection circuit access bus simultaneously; The current detection value of system is obtained according to the detected value of microampere shelves current detection circuit;
(2) when electric current to be measured by the saltus step of microampere shelves to milliampere shelves time, control first according to the voltage detecting value of described three gears and the comparative result of corresponding threshold voltage and cut gear switch Switch1 conducting, by the short circuit of microampere shelves current detection circuit, milliampere shelves current detection circuit and ampere shelves current detection circuit access bus simultaneously; The current detection value of system is obtained according to the detected value of milliampere shelves current detection circuit;
(3) when continuing current flow to be measured is milliampere shelves, control first according to milliampere shelves and the voltage detecting value of ampere shelves two gears with the comparative result of corresponding threshold voltage and cut gear switch Switch1 constant conduction, microampere shelves current detection circuit continues to be shorted, and obtains the current detection value of system according to the detected value of milliampere shelves current detection circuit;
(4) when electric current to be measured by the saltus step of microampere shelves to ampere shelves time, control first according to the voltage detecting value of described three gears and the comparative result of corresponding threshold voltage to cut gear switch Switch1 and second and cut gear switch Switch2 conducting, by microampere shelves current detection circuit and the short circuit of milliampere shelves current detection circuit, only by ampere shelves crossing detector circuit access bus, obtain the current detection value of system according to the detected value of ampere shelves current detection circuit;
(5) when continuing current flow to be measured is ampere shelves, first cuts gear switch Switch1 and second cuts gear switch Switch2 constant conduction, microampere shelves current detection circuit and milliampere shelves current detection circuit continue to be in short-circuit condition, obtain the current detection value of system according to the detected value of ampere shelves current detection circuit;
(6) when electric current to be measured by the saltus step of milliampere shelves to ampere shelves time, control first according to milliampere shelves and the voltage detecting value of ampere shelves two gears and the comparative result of corresponding threshold voltage to cut gear switch Switch1 and second and cut gear switch Switch2 conducting, by microampere shelves current detection circuit and the short circuit of milliampere shelves current detection circuit, only ampere shelves current detection circuit access bus; The current detection value of system is obtained according to the detected value of ampere shelves current detection circuit;
(7) when electric current to be measured reduces to microampere shelves by ampere shelves, control first according to the voltage detecting value of ampere shelves and the comparative result of corresponding threshold voltage and cut gear switch Switch1 and the second proper switch S witch2 disconnects, by microampere shelves current detection circuit and milliampere shelves current detection circuit access bus; The current detection value of system is obtained according to the detected value of microampere shelves current detection circuit;
(8) when electric current to be measured reduces to milliampere shelves by ampere shelves, first control first according to the voltage detecting value of ampere shelves and the comparative result of corresponding threshold voltage and cut gear switch Switch1 and the second proper switch S witch2 disconnects, microampere shelves current detection circuit and milliampere shelves current detection circuit are accessed bus;
The first proper switch S witch1 conducting is controlled with the comparative result of corresponding threshold voltage again according to the voltage detecting value of three gears, and the lasting disconnection making second to cut gear switch Switch2, by the short circuit of microampere shelves current detection circuit; By milliampere shelves current detection circuit and ampere shelves current detection circuit access bus; The current detection value of system is obtained according to the detected value of milliampere shelves current detection circuit.
In general, the above technical scheme conceived by the present invention compared with prior art, can obtain following beneficial effect:
(1) due to current detecting system provided by the invention, it cuts gear switch is the two ends being connected in parallel on shunt resistance, when cutting that gear switch is closed to be cut grade, just by some or two electric current gear shunt resistances short circuit, the current detection circuit having at least shunt resistance corresponding with it is in normal access state, cutting shelves can not cause circuit to disconnect, and does not affect the normal output of bus current;
And on the other hand, after a certain gear shunt resistance is shorted, this shunt resistance no longer provides effective detected value, can avoid causing metrical error because cutting switch intervention shunt resistance when gear switch is connected with shunt resistance, will drop to minimum because cutting the impact of shelves on output voltage and output current;
(2) due to current detecting system provided by the invention and gear switch method, its current detecting unit is with to cut grade trigger element independent mutually; Cut the detection electric current that grade trigger element is synchronous with current detecting unit, cutting grade trigger element provides simulating signal as the trigger pip of gear switch according to the electric current that it detects, do not need the process through digital signal conversion and process, decrease the time delay between signal conversion and digital processing to gear switch, automatically shelves can be cut in time when current transients to be measured, improve and cut a grade real-time, avoid cutting the saltus step of output voltage that shelves cause not in time and electric current; Reduce simultaneously because of gear switch, particular avoid electric current gear paramount from low current gear switch time big current to the impact of shunt resistance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system chart of current detecting system provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the current detecting system that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides;
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of the current detecting system that the embodiment of the present invention 2 provides.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, if below in described each embodiment of the present invention involved technical characteristic do not form conflict each other and just can mutually combine.
The system chart of current detecting system provided by the invention as shown in Figure 1, specifically comprises current detecting unit, cuts a grade trigger element, shunt resistance unit, cuts gear switch and control module;
When being applied to current detecting, shunt resistance units in series is on current bus bar to be measured, and its first input end is for connecting power supply to be measured, and the first output terminal is for connecting load, and the second input end connects cuts gear switch output terminal; The input end of current detecting unit connects the second output terminal of shunt resistance unit, and the detection current input terminal of control module connects the output terminal of current detecting unit, cuts a grade trigger pip input end and connects the output terminal cutting grade trigger element; The input end cutting grade trigger element connects the 3rd output terminal of shunt resistance unit; Cutting the output terminal of the input end connection control unit of gear switch, according to cutting grade conducting of trigger pip selection shunt resistance and a short circuit, detecting gear with this switch current;
Wherein, shunt resistance unit comprises the shunt resistance of at least two different gears; Cut the detection electric current that grade trigger element is synchronous with current detecting unit; Cut grade trigger element and obtain gear switch trigger pip according to its electric current detected, do not need through digital signal conversion and process, decrease the time delay between signal conversion and digital processing to gear switch, automatically cut shelves in real time when current transients to be measured, avoid cutting the saltus step of output voltage that shelves cause not in time and electric current; Reduce because big current when gear switch, especially paramount from low current gear switch electric current gear is to the impact of shunt resistance simultaneously.
Current detecting system provided by the invention and gear switch method is specifically set forth below in conjunction with embodiment:
Embodiment 1
The circuit of the current detecting system that embodiment 1 provides as shown in Figure 2, has the gear of ampere and microampere two detection, specific as follows:
Its current detecting unit comprises microampere shelves current detection circuit and ampere shelves testing circuit; Micromicroampere shelves current detection circuit is formed by the 3rd amplifier INA3 and the first analog to digital converter ADC1; Ampere shelves testing circuit is formed by the 4th amplifier INA4 and the second analog to digital converter ADC2;
Wherein, the sensing range of microampere shelves is 0 ~ 1mA; The sensing range of ampere shelves is 1mA ~ 1A;
Its shunt resistance comprises microampere shelves shunt resistance Rs-1 and ampere shelves shunt resistance Rs-2, cuts the two ends that gear switch is connected in parallel on micromicroampere shelves shunt resistance Rs-1; Embodiment 1 li, microampere shelves shunt resistance Rs-1 resistance is 10 Ω, and ampere shelves shunt resistance Rs-2 resistance is 10m Ω;
Because Rs-2 is minimum, when microampere shelves are sampled, flow through the electric current of Rs-2 at microampere shelves, the dividing potential drop on Rs-2 impacts can ignore circuit output voltage;
It is cut a grade trigger element and comprises the first voltage comparison unit and the second voltage comparison unit; First voltage comparison unit, for comparing voltage and the microampere shelves threshold value Vref1 at microampere shelves shunt resistance two ends, comprises the first amplifier INA1 first threshold voltage generating module DA1 and the first comparer; INA1 detects the terminal voltage of Rs-1, and sends into comparer 1, and the microampere shelves threshold value Vref1 set with DA1 compares;
Wherein, INA1 adopts instrument amplifier PGA281; First threshold voltage generating module DA1 adopts model to be the analog-digital chip of DAC101C085CIMM; First comparer adopts LM2903D;
Second voltage comparison unit is for comparing voltage and the ampere shelves threshold voltage Vref2 at ampere shelves shunt resistance two ends; Comprise the second amplifier INA2, Second Threshold voltage generating module DA2 and the second comparer; INA2 detects the terminal voltage of Rs-2, and sends into the second comparer, and the ampere shelves threshold voltage Vref2 set with DA2 compares;
Wherein, INA2 adopts instrument amplifier PGA281 equally; Second Threshold voltage generating module adopts the analog-digital chip of DAC101C085CIMM model equally; Second comparer adopts LM2903D;
Control module adopts FPGA to realize, and the comparative result for exporting according to two comparing units is produced and cut a grade trigger pip, gauge tap break-make.
Synchronous, INA3 detects the terminal voltage of Rs-1 and amplifies, and sends into ADC1 afterwards and carries out analog to digital conversion; ADC1 sends into control module after the voltage signal of simulation is converted to digital signal;
INA4 detects the terminal voltage of Rs-2 and amplifies, and sends into ADC2 afterwards and carries out analog to digital conversion; ADC2 sends into control module after the voltage signal of simulation is converted to digital signal; Wherein, INA3 and INA4 all adopts PGA281; ADC1 and ADC2 all adopts ADS8332.
Below in conjunction with the current detecting process of the current detecting system that embodiment 1 provides, concrete method and the principle setting forth gear switch:
(1) when electric current to be measured is at microampere shelves, disconnect and cut gear switch Switch; The output valve of INA1 is lower than microampere shelves threshold voltage Vref1, and INA2 output valve adopts the detected value of output valve as system of ADC1 lower than ampere shelves threshold voltage Vref2, MCU;
Wherein, Vref1=10 Ω * 1mA=10mV, Vref2=10m Ω * 1mA=10uV;
(2) when electric current to be measured by the saltus step of microampere shelves to ampere shelves time, the output valve of INA1 exceedes the microampere shelves threshold value Vref1 of setting, the first comparer redirect; INA2 output valve higher than ampere shelves threshold voltage Vref2, the second comparer redirect, MCU control cut gear switch Switch conducting, Rs-1 is shorted; MCU starts the current detection value obtaining system according to the output valve of ADC2;
(3) when continuing current flow to be measured is ampere shelves, Rs-1 is in short-circuit condition, the output valve of INA1 lower than microampere shelves threshold voltage Vref1, the first comparer 1 redirect again; But higher than ampere shelves threshold voltage Vref2, MCU, INA2 output valve now judges that cutting gear switch Switch continues to keep conducting accordingly, MCU continues the current detection value obtaining system according to the output valve of ADC2;
(4) when electric current to be measured reduces to microampere shelves by ampere shelves, INA2 output valve lower than ampere shelves threshold voltage Vref2, the second comparer redirect; MCU controls to cut gear switch Switch and disconnects, and Rs-1 is access in bus, and MCU obtains the current detection value of system according to the output valve of ADC1.
The current detecting system that embodiment 1 provides and gear switch method, can drop to below 1ms by the gear switch time, improve the transient characteristic of output voltage, and significantly reduce the impact of current break to shunt resistance.
Embodiment 2
The circuit of the current detecting system that embodiment 2 provides as shown in Figure 3, has the gear that ampere, milliampere and microampere 3 detects, specific as follows:
Its current detecting unit comprises microampere shelves current detecting unit, milliampere shelves detecting unit and ampere shelves detecting unit; Micromicroampere shelves current detecting unit is formed by the 4th amplifier INA4 and the first analog to digital converter ADC1; Milliampere shelves testing circuit is formed by the 5th amplifier INA5 and the second analog to digital converter ADC2; Ampere shelves testing circuit is formed by the 6th amplifier INA6 and the 3rd analog to digital converter ADC3;
Wherein, microampere shelves sensing range is 0 ~ 1mA; Milliampere shelves sensing range is 1mA ~ 1A; Ampere shelves sensing range is 1A ~ 4A.
Its shunt resistance comprises microampere shelves shunt resistance Rs-1, milliampere shelves shunt resistance Rs-2 and ampere shelves shunt resistance Rs-3; First cuts the two ends that gear switch Switch1 is connected in parallel on micromicroampere shelves shunt resistance Rs-1, and second cuts the two ends that gear switch Switch2 is connected in parallel on milliampere shelves shunt resistance Rs-2.
Embodiment 2 li, microampere shelves shunt resistance Rs-1 resistance is 100 Ω, and milliampere shelves shunt resistance Rs-2 resistance is 100m Ω, and ampere shelves shunt resistance Rs-3 resistance is 10m Ω; When microampere shelves are sampled, because Rs-2 and Rs-3 is minimum, and the electric current flowing through Rs-2 and Rs-3 is also at microampere shelves, and the dividing potential drop on Rs-2 and Rs-3 impacts can ignore circuit output voltage; When milliampere shelves are sampled, Rs-3 is minimum, and flow through the electric current of Rs-3 also at milliampere shelves, the dividing potential drop on Rs-3 impacts can ignore circuit output voltage.
It is cut a grade trigger element and comprises the first voltage comparison unit, the second voltage comparison unit and tertiary voltage comparing unit; First voltage comparison unit for comparing voltage and the microampere shelves threshold value Vref1 at microampere shelves shunt resistance Rs-1 two ends, comprise the first amplifier INA1 (, first threshold voltage generating module DA1 and the first comparer; INA1 detects the terminal voltage of Rs-1, and sends into the first comparer 1, and the microampere shelves threshold value Vref1 set with DA1 compares;
Second voltage comparison unit is for comparing voltage and the milliampere shelves threshold voltage Vref2 at milliampere shelves shunt resistance Rs-2 two ends; Comprise the second amplifier INA2, Second Threshold voltage generating module DA2 and the second comparer; INA2 detects the terminal voltage of Rs-2, and sends into the second comparer 2, and the milliampere shelves threshold voltage Vref2 set with DA2 compares;
Tertiary voltage comparing unit is for comparing voltage and the ampere shelves threshold voltage Vref3 at ampere shelves shunt resistance Rs-3 two ends; Comprise the 3rd amplifier INA3, the 3rd threshold voltage generation module DA3 and the 3rd comparer; INA3 detects the terminal voltage of Rs-3, and sends into the 3rd comparer 3, and the ampere shelves threshold voltage Vref3 set with DA3 compares;
Control module adopts FPGA to realize, and produces cut a grade trigger pip, gauge tap break-make according to above-mentioned three comparative results;
Synchronous, INA4 detects the terminal voltage of Rs-1 and amplifies, and sends into ADC1 afterwards and carries out analog to digital conversion; ADC1 sends into control module after the voltage signal of simulation is converted to digital signal;
INA5 (PGA281) detects the terminal voltage of Rs-2 and amplifies, and sends into ADC2 afterwards and carries out analog to digital conversion; ADC2 sends into control module after the voltage signal of simulation is converted to digital signal;
INA6 detects the terminal voltage of Rs-3 and amplifies, and sends into ADC3 afterwards and carries out analog to digital conversion; ADC3 sends into control module after the voltage signal of simulation is converted to digital signal.
Below in conjunction with the current detecting process of the current detecting system that embodiment 2 provides, concrete method and the principle setting forth gear switch:
(1) when electric current to be measured is microampere shelves, disconnect first and cut gear switch Switch1 and the second proper switch S witch2; The output valve of INA1 is lower than microampere shelves threshold voltage Vref1, and INA2 output valve is lower than milliampere shelves threshold voltage Vref2, and INA3 output valve adopts the detected value of output valve as system of ADC1 lower than ampere shelves threshold voltage Vref3, MCU;
Wherein, Vref1=100 Ω * 1mA=100mV; Vref2=100m Ω * 1mA=100uV; Vref3=10m Ω * 1A=10mV;
(2) when electric current to be measured by the saltus step of microampere shelves to milliampere shelves time, the output valve of INA1 exceedes the microampere shelves threshold value Vref1 of setting, the first comparer redirect; INA2 output valve higher than milliampere shelves threshold voltage Vref2, the second comparer redirect, INA3 output valve lower than ampere shelves threshold voltage Vref3, the 3rd comparer not redirect, MCU controls first to cut gear switch Switch1 conducting, and Rs-1 is shorted; MCU starts the current detection value obtaining system according to the output valve of ADC2;
(3) when continuing current flow to be measured is milliampere shelves, Rs-1 is in short-circuit condition, the output valve of INA1 lower than microampere shelves threshold voltage Vref1, the first comparer 1 redirect again; But higher than milliampere shelves threshold voltage Vref2, MCU, INA2 output valve now judges that first cuts gear switch Switch1 continuation maintenance conducting accordingly, MCU continues the current detection value obtaining system according to the output valve of ADC2;
(4) when electric current to be measured by the saltus step of microampere shelves to ampere shelves time, the output valve of INA1 exceedes the microampere shelves threshold value Vref1 of setting, the first comparer redirect; INA2 output valve is higher than milliampere shelves threshold voltage Vref2, second comparer 2 redirect, INA3 output valve higher than ampere shelves threshold voltage Vref3, the 3rd comparer redirect, MCU control first is cut gear switch Switch1 and second and is cut gear switch Switch2 conducting, Rs-1 and Rs-2 is shorted; MCU starts the current detection value obtaining system according to the output valve of ADC3;
(5) when continuing current flow to be measured is ampere shelves, Rs-1 and Rs-2 is in short-circuit condition, the output valve of INA1 lower than the output valve of microampere shelves threshold voltage Vref1, INA2 lower than microampere shelves threshold voltage Vref2, the first comparer 1 and the second comparer 2 redirect again; But higher than ampere shelves threshold voltage Vref3, MCU, INA3 output valve now judges that first cuts gear switch Switch1 and second and cut gear switch Switch2 and continue to keep conducting accordingly, MCU continues the current detection value obtaining system according to the output valve of ADC3;
(6) when electric current to be measured by the saltus step of milliampere shelves to ampere shelves time, INA2 output valve is higher than milliampere shelves threshold voltage Vref2, second comparer 2 redirect, INA3 output valve is higher than ampere shelves threshold voltage Vref3,3rd comparer redirect, MCU controls the conducting that gear switch Switch1 is cut in maintenance first, and Rs-1 keeps being shorted state; MCU controls second and cuts gear switch Switch2 conducting, and Rs-2 is shorted; MCU starts the current detection value obtaining system according to the output valve of ADC3;
(7) when electric current to be measured reduces to microampere shelves by ampere shelves, INA3 output valve lower than ampere shelves threshold voltage Vref3, the 3rd comparer redirect; MCU controls first and cuts gear switch Switch1 and the second proper switch S witch2 disconnection, Rs-1 and Rs-2 is access in bus, now INA1 output valve is lower than microampere shelves threshold voltage Vref1, INA2 output valve is lower than milliampere shelves threshold voltage Vref2, and INA3 output valve is lower than ampere shelves threshold voltage Vref3; MCU obtains the current detection value of system according to the output valve of ADC1.
(8) when electric current to be measured reduces to milliampere shelves by ampere shelves, INA3 output valve lower than ampere shelves threshold voltage Vref3, the 3rd comparer redirect; MCU controls first and cuts gear switch Switch1 and the second proper switch S witch2 disconnection, Rs-1 and Rs-2 is access in bus, now INA1 output valve is higher than microampere shelves threshold voltage Vref1, INA2 output valve is higher than milliampere shelves threshold voltage Vref2, INA3 output valve is lower than ampere shelves threshold voltage Vref3, MCU controls the first proper switch S witch1 conducting, and keeps the off-state of the second proper switch S witch2; MCU obtains the current detection value of system according to the output valve of ADC2.
In embodiment 2, within the 1ms after current transients, there is gear switch action, improve the transient characteristic of output voltage, and significantly reduce the impact of current break to shunt resistance.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a current detecting system, is characterized in that, comprises current detecting unit, cuts a grade trigger element, shunt resistance unit, cuts gear switch and control module;
Described shunt resistance units in series is on current bus bar to be measured, and its first input end is for connecting power supply to be measured, and the first output terminal is for connecting load, and the second input end connects cuts gear switch output terminal; The input end of described current detecting unit connects the second output terminal of shunt resistance unit; The detection current input terminal of described control module connects the output terminal of current detecting unit, according to the signal acquisition current detection value that current detecting unit exports; Cut grade trigger pip input end and connect the output terminal cutting grade trigger element; The described input end cutting grade trigger element connects the 3rd output terminal of shunt resistance unit; The described output terminal cutting the input end connection control unit of gear switch;
Described shunt resistance unit comprises the shunt resistance of at least two different gears; Described grade trigger element of cutting has the function detecting electric current and switch shunt resistance; Under the effect of control module, cut electric current that grade trigger element detects according to it and generate and cut a grade trigger pip, cut gear switch according to described in cut a grade trigger pip switching shunt resistance.
2. current detecting system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described shunt resistance unit comprises the microampere shelves shunt resistance and ampere shelves shunt resistance that are connected in series;
Described current detecting unit comprises microampere shelves current detection circuit and ampere shelves current detection circuit;
Describedly cut the two ends that gear switch is connected in parallel on microampere shelves shunt resistance; The input end of microampere shelves current detection circuit connects microampere shelves shunt resistance; The input end of ampere shelves current detection circuit connects ampere shelves shunt resistance.
3. current detecting system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described shunt resistance unit comprises the microampere shelves shunt resistance, milliampere shelves shunt resistance and the ampere shelves shunt resistance that are connected in series;
Described current detecting unit comprises microampere shelves current detection circuit, milliampere shelves current detection circuit and ampere shelves current detection circuit;
Described gear switch of cutting comprises first and cuts gear switch and second and cut gear switch;
Described first cuts the two ends that gear switch is connected in parallel on microampere shelves shunt resistance; Described second cuts the two ends that gear switch is connected in parallel on milliampere shelves shunt resistance; The input end of described microampere shelves current detection circuit connects microampere shelves shunt resistance, and the input end of milliampere shelves current detection circuit connects milliampere shelves shunt resistance, and the input end of ampere shelves current detection circuit connects ampere shelves shunt resistance.
4. current detecting system as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described in cut a grade trigger element and comprise the first voltage comparator circuit and the second voltage comparator circuit;
The input end of described first voltage comparator circuit connects microampere shelves shunt resistance, and first of output terminal connection control unit cuts a grade trigger pip input end; The input end of the second voltage comparator circuit connects ampere shelves shunt resistance, and second of output terminal connection control unit cuts a grade trigger pip input end; First of control module detects the output terminal that current input terminal connects microampere shelves current detection circuit, and the second detection current input terminal connects the output terminal of ampere shelves current detection circuit;
Described first voltage comparator circuit is for comparing voltage and the first threshold voltage at microampere shelves shunt resistance two ends; Described second voltage comparator circuit is for comparing voltage and the Second Threshold voltage at ampere shelves shunt resistance two ends;
Control module be used for according to the output of described two comparator circuits cut that grade conditioned signal provides simulation cut a grade trigger pip, cut gear switch disconnect or conducting to trigger; Control module also obtains current detection value according to the output signal of microampere shelves current detection circuit and ampere shelves current detection circuit.
5. current detecting system as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described grade trigger element of cutting also comprises tertiary voltage comparator circuit, and the input end of described tertiary voltage comparator circuit connects milliampere shelves shunt resistance, and the 3rd of output terminal connection control unit cuts a grade trigger pip input end; The 3rd of control module detects the output terminal that current input terminal connects milliampere shelves current detection circuit; Described tertiary voltage comparator circuit is for comparing voltage and the 3rd threshold voltage at milliampere shelves shunt resistance two ends.
6. the current detecting system as described in claim 4 or 5, is characterized in that, described first voltage comparator circuit, the second voltage comparator circuit and tertiary voltage comparator circuit include and detect amplifying circuit, threshold voltage generative circuit and comparer;
Described each detection amplifying circuit is connected in parallel on the two ends of the shunt resistance that each comparator circuit connects, for detecting the terminal voltage at described shunt resistance two ends; Threshold voltage generative circuit generates the threshold voltage of this gear under the control of the control unit; Comparer is used for terminal voltage and the threshold voltage at the shunt resistance two ends of more same gear, obtains and cuts a grade trigger pip.
7. current detecting system as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, it is characterized in that, described microampere shelves current detection circuit, milliampere shelves current detection circuit and ampere shelves current detection circuit include detection amplifying circuit and the analog to digital conversion circuit of series connection; Detect amplifying circuit for detecting the voltage at shunt resistance two ends corresponding to each gear and amplifying, it is digital signal that analog to digital conversion circuit is used for the voltage transitions after described amplification.
8. current detecting system as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, first threshold voltage is 1mA* microampere shelves shunt resistance resistance; Second Threshold voltage is 1A* ampere shelves shunt resistance resistance; 3rd threshold voltage is 1mA* milliampere shelves shunt resistance resistance.
9., based on the gear switch method with the current detecting system of microampere shelves and ampere shelves two gears described in any one of claim 1 or 2 or 4, it is characterized in that, specifically comprise the steps:
(1) when electric current to be measured is microampere shelves electric current, control to cut gear switch Switch and disconnect, microampere shelves current detection circuit and ampere shelves current detection circuit are accessed bus simultaneously; The current detection value of system is obtained according to the detected value of microampere shelves current detection circuit;
(2) when current-jump to be measured is to ampere shelves, control to cut gear switch Switch conducting, by the short circuit of microampere shelves current detection circuit, obtain the current detection value of system according to the detected value of ampere shelves current detection circuit;
(3) when electric current to be measured reduces to microampere shelves by ampere shelves, control to cut gear switch Switch and disconnect, microampere shelves current detection circuit is access in bus again, obtains the current detection value of system according to the detected value of microampere shelves current detection circuit;
(4) when electric current to be measured exceeds the higher limit of ampere shelves current detection circuit, be considered as current bus circuit overcurrent, powered-down exports.
10., based on the gear switch method with the current detecting system of microampere shelves, milliampere shelves and ampere shelves three gears described in any one of claim 3 or 5 or 8, it is characterized in that, specifically comprise the steps:
(1) when electric current to be measured is microampere shelves, control first and cut gear switch Switch1 and the second proper switch S witch2 disconnection, microampere shelves current detection circuit, milliampere shelves current detection circuit and ampere shelves current detection circuit access bus simultaneously; The current detection value of system is obtained according to the detected value of microampere shelves current detection circuit;
(2) when electric current to be measured by the saltus step of microampere shelves to milliampere shelves time, control first to cut gear switch Switch1 conducting, by the short circuit of microampere shelves current detection circuit, milliampere shelves current detection circuit and ampere shelves current detection circuit access bus simultaneously; The current detection value of system is obtained according to the detected value of milliampere shelves current detection circuit;
(3) when continuing current flow to be measured is milliampere shelves, control first and cut gear switch Switch1 constant conduction, microampere shelves current detection circuit continues to be shorted, and obtains the current detection value of system according to the detected value of milliampere shelves current detection circuit;
(4) when electric current to be measured by the saltus step of microampere shelves to ampere shelves time, control first is cut gear switch Switch1 and second and is cut gear switch Switch2 conducting, by microampere shelves current detection circuit and the short circuit of milliampere shelves current detection circuit, only by ampere shelves crossing detector circuit access bus, obtain the current detection value of system according to the detected value of ampere shelves current detection circuit;
(5) when continuing current flow to be measured is ampere shelves, first cuts gear switch Switch1 and second cuts gear switch Switch2 constant conduction, microampere shelves current detection circuit and milliampere shelves current detection circuit continue to be in short-circuit condition, obtain the current detection value of system according to the detected value of ampere shelves current detection circuit;
(6) when electric current to be measured by the saltus step of milliampere shelves to ampere shelves time, control first is cut gear switch Switch1 and second and is cut gear switch Switch2 conducting, by microampere shelves current detection circuit and the short circuit of milliampere shelves current detection circuit, only by ampere shelves current detection circuit access bus; The current detection value of system is obtained according to the detected value of ampere shelves current detection circuit;
(7) when electric current to be measured reduces to microampere shelves by ampere shelves, control first and cut gear switch Switch1 and the second proper switch S witch2 disconnection, by microampere shelves current detection circuit and milliampere shelves current detection circuit access bus; The current detection value of system is obtained according to the detected value of microampere shelves current detection circuit;
(8) when electric current to be measured reduces to milliampere shelves by ampere shelves, first control first and cut gear switch Switch1 and the second proper switch S witch2 disconnection, by microampere shelves current detection circuit and milliampere shelves current detection circuit access bus;
Control the first proper switch S witch1 conducting again, and the lasting disconnection making second to cut gear switch Switch2, by the short circuit of microampere shelves current detection circuit; By milliampere shelves current detection circuit and ampere shelves current detection circuit access bus; The current detection value of system is obtained according to the detected value of milliampere shelves current detection circuit.
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Address after: 430070 Hubei City, Hongshan Province, South Lake Road, No. 53, Hongshan Venture Center, building on the four floor, No. Applicant after: Wuhan fine test electronics group Limited by Share Ltd Address before: 430070 Hongshan entrepreneurship center, No. 53, Nanhu Avenue, Hongshan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province, four Applicant before: Wuhan Jingce Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. |
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Effective date of registration: 20201215 Address after: 430205 No.22 liufangyuan South Road, Donghu New Technology Development Zone, Wuhan, Hubei Province Patentee after: WUHAN JINGNENG ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: WUHAN JINGCE ELECTRONIC GROUP Co.,Ltd. Address before: 430070 4th floor, Hongshan entrepreneurship center, 53 Nanhu Avenue, Hongshan District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Patentee before: WUHAN JINGCE ELECTRONIC GROUP Co.,Ltd. |